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Impacts of pollution heterogeneity on population exposure in dense urban areas using ultra-fine resolution air quality data

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第3期125卷 513-523页

作者： Wenwei Che Yumiao Zhang Changqing Lin Yik Him Fung Jimmy C.H.Fung alexis khlau Division of Environment and Sustainability The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayHong KongChina Department of Mathematics The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayHong KongChina Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayHong KongChina Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayHong KongChina

Traditional air quality data have a spatial resolution of 1 km or above, making it challenging to resolve detailed air pollution exposure in complex urban areas. Combining urban morphology, dynamic traffic emission, regional and local meteorology, physicochemical transformations in air quality models using big data fusion technology, an ultra-fine resolution modeling system was developed to provide air quality data down to street level. Based on one-year ultra-fine resolution data, this study investigated the effects of pollution heterogeneity on the individual and population exposure to particulate matter(PM_(2.5)and PM_(10)),nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2)), and ozone(O_(3)) in Hong Kong, one of the most densely populated and urbanized cities. Sharp fine-scale variabilities in air pollution were revealed within individual city blocks. Using traditional 1 km average to represent individual exposure resulted in a positively skewed deviation of up to 200% for high-end exposure individuals. Citizens were disproportionally affected by air pollution, with annual pollutant concentrations varied by factors of 2 to 5 among 452 District Council Constituency Areas(DCCAs) in Hong Kong, indicating great environmental inequities among the population. Unfavorable city planning resulted in a positive spatial coincidence between pollution and population, which increased public exposure to air pollutants by as large as 46% among districts in Hong Kong. Our results highlight the importance of ultra-fine pollutant data in quantifying the heterogeneity in pollution exposure in the dense urban area and the critical role of smart urban planning in reducing exposure inequities.

关键词： Particulate matter Nitrogen dioxide Ozone Pollution heterogeneity Urban area

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粤港澳大湾区PM2.5本地与非本地污染来源解析

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环境科学学报 2020年第5期40卷 1560-1574页

作者：王怡然袁自冰赵恺辉张舒张夏夏李文石谢岩杨雷峰刘启汉郁建珍岳玎利谭振威华南理工大学环境与能源学院广州510006 香港科技大学环境学部香港999077 广东省环境监测中心广州510308 澳门地球物理暨气象局澳门999078

粤港澳大湾区(简称“大湾区”)建设是我国新时代重大国家战略之一.虽然大湾区空气质量在我国处于领先地位,但与世界先进湾区相比还有较大差距.制定大湾区PM2.5精细化防控策略,需要在识别大湾区各城市PM2.5污染来源的基础上,量化PM2.5本... 详细信息

粤港澳大湾区(简称“大湾区”)建设是我国新时代重大国家战略之一.虽然大湾区空气质量在我国处于领先地位,但与世界先进湾区相比还有较大差距.制定大湾区PM2.5精细化防控策略,需要在识别大湾区各城市PM2.5污染来源的基础上,量化PM2.5本地和非本地贡献及时空变化规律.基于此,本研究首次在大湾区15个站点同步开展持续一年的PM2.5采样和组分分析,并将正定矩阵因子分析模型与后向轨迹结合,建立一种定量识别PM2.5本地与非本地贡献的新方法.通过对大湾区不同季节所属空气域进行划分,厘清大湾区各城市PM2.5本地与非本地贡献的动态化特征.结果发现,在2015年,大湾区15个站点共解析出9种PM2.5污染源,分别为机动车、重油、老化海盐、扬尘源、二次硫酸盐、二次硝酸盐、金属冶炼、生物质燃烧和新鲜海盐.其中,二次硫酸盐和机动车是大湾区最主要的两个PM2.5污染源.不同站点非本地贡献占比为51%~72%,表明外来传输是大湾区PM2.5污染的主要来源.内陆和沿海站点污染源的本地与非本地贡献差异较为显著,主要原因是气象条件和排放特征的差异.值得注意的是,2015年大湾区超过一半的时间处于同一个空气域,而有43%的时间处于两个不同空气域.进一步在每个季节划分空气域,发现大湾区处于两个空气域时,秋、冬季节沿海站点易形成单独的空气域,此时非本地贡献较强(68%~72%);春季内陆站点易形成单独的空气域,此时本地贡献较强(94%).基于对PM2.5本地和非本地贡献变化情况的定量识别,能够为大湾区各城市制定动态的PM2.5排放控制策略提供科学支撑.

关键词： PM2.5 正定矩阵因子分析本地和非本地贡献空气域粤港澳大湾区(GBA)

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Entropy Corrections for a Charged Black Hole of String Theory

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2011年第1期55卷 72-74页

作者： alexis Larraaga National University of Colombia National Astronomical Observatory

We study the entropy of the Gibbons-Maeda-Garfinkle-Horowitz-Strominger （GMGHS） charged black hole, originated from the effective action that emerges in the low-energy of string theory, beyond semiclassical approxi- mations. Applying the properties of exact differentials for three variables to the first law thermodynamics we derive the quantum corrections to the entropy of the black hole. The leading （logarithmic） and non leading corrections to the area law are obtained.

关键词： quantum aspects of black holes thermodynamics strings and branes

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Understanding lateral root formation,one cell at a time

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Molecular Plant 2021年第8期14卷 1229-1231页

作者： Anamarija Primc alexis Maizel Center for Organismal Studies(COS) University of HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany

Formation of lateral roots shapes the architecture of plant root systems and con tributes to their *** Arabidopsis,lateral roots follow a well-described sequenee of events that lead to the emergence of a new root complete with its own meristem and a set of tissue and cell types very similar to the ones found in the primary *** are the different cell types established?In a recent study,Serrano-Ron et al.(2021)used single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)to profile the diversity of cell types in the forming lateral roots and revealed a hitherto unknown role for camalexins in controlling lateral root patterning.

关键词： roots Arabidopsis cell

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On Thermodynamical Relation Between Rotating Charged BTZ Black Holes and Effective String Theory

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2008年第12期50卷 1341-1344页

作者： alexis Larraaga National

In this paper we study the first law of thermodynamics for the （2＋1）-dimensional rotating charged BTZ black hole considering a pair of thermodynamical systems constructed with the two horizons of this solution. We show that these two systems are similar to the right and left movers of string theory and that the temperature associated with the black hole is the harmonic mean of the temperatures associated with these two systems.

关键词： quantum aspects of black holes thermodymics classical black holes strings and branes

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On Hawking Radiation from a Charged Black Hole of Heterotic String Theory

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2014年第4期61卷 491-494页

作者： alexis Larraaga National Astronomical Observatory National University of Colombia

We investigate the Hawking radiation of a GMGHS charged black hole from the heterotic string scenario by the massive particles turmeling method. We consider the spacetime background to be dynamical, incorporate the self-gravitation effect of the emitted particles and show that the tunneling rate is related to the change of Bekenstein- Hawking entropy and the derived emission spectrum does not deviate from the pure thermal spectrum of Schwrzschild＇s black hole.

关键词： quantum aspects of black holes thermodynamics strings and branes

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A novel strategy for ionomer coating of Ag nanoparticles used for the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to CO in a membrane electrode assembly

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 94-95页

作者： alexis T.Bell Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of California

The electrochemical reduction of the CO2reaction （CO2RR） offers an attractive means for converting the carbon content of CO2, released from a stationary source or the atmosphere, into fuels and chemicals [1]. Utiliz...

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Hydrodeoxygenation of vegetable oil in batch reactor:Experimental considerations

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2020年第6期28卷 1670-1683页

作者： alexis K.Noriega alexis Tirado Cecilia Méndez Gustavo Marroquín Jorge Ancheyta Instituto Politécnico Nacional Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada Unidad LegariaLegaria 694Col.Irrigación 11500Mexico Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo Eje Central Lázaro Cárdenas Norte 152San Bartolo Atepehuacan 07730Mexico

The generation of reliable experimental data in any experimental scale requires proper procedures not only for the reaction step but also for the feed preparation,separation,and characterization of products as well as calculations of conversion and product *** reactor is the most used experimental setup for carrying out exploratory studies for catalyst screening and *** work is focused on describing and discussing a step-by-step methodology for conducting experiments for catalytic hydrotreating of vegetable oils in batch *** proposed methodology considers literature and own experiences on advantages and disadvantages of different feed types,catalysts,experimental setup and procedures,effect of reaction parameters,separation and characterization of products,and calculations.

关键词： Vegetable oils Hydrotreating Batch reactor

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Advancements in the development of liquid organic hydrogen carrier systems and their applications in the hydrogen economy

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2024年第5期34卷 825-839页

作者： alexis Munyentwali Khai Chen Tan Teng He Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

The transition towards sustainable and clean energy systems has become a significant concern in the modern world. Hydrogen has the potential to meet the growing energy demands while addressing greenhouse gas emissions. However, one major obstacle in utilizing hydrogen as a fuel is the lack of efficient and cost-effective storage methods. In this regard, liquid organic hydrogen carriers(LOHCs) offer several advantages, including high hydrogen storage capacity, improved safety compared to traditional storage methods, and the ability to transport hydrogen using existing liquid fuels' infrastructure. This review summarizes advancements in the development of LOHC systems for hydrogen storage, with a focus on the latest and innovative systems such as those based on dehydrogenative coupling reactions, renewable LOHCs from lignocellulosic biomass, and the development of LOHCs from plastic waste recycling. In addition to the material aspect, this contribution also discusses various applications of LOHCs in the broader context of the hydrogen economy, including a recently proposed concept of mixed gas hydrogenation of LOHCs for realizing hydrogen purification and storage in a single process step. By highlighting the main advantages and challenges of each LOHC system and providing future directions in the development of efficient LOHC systems, this review aims to contribute to an extensive understanding and advancement of LOHCs in the evolving hydrogen-based economy.

关键词： Hydrogen storage Liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHCs) Hydrogen economy Hydrogenation Dehydrogenation

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Porous Medium Flow with Both a Fractional Potential Pressure and Fractional Time Derivative

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2017年第1期38卷 45-82页

作者： Mark ALLEN Luis CAFFARELLI alexis VASSEUR Department of Mathematics The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA

The authors study a porous medium equation with a right-hand side. The operator has nonlocal diffusion effects given by an inverse fractional Laplacian *** derivative in time is also fractional and is of Caputo-type, which takes into account"memory". The precise model isD_t~αu- div(u(-Δ)^(-σ)u) = f, 0 < σ <1/*** paper poses the problem over {t ∈ R^+, x ∈ R^n} with nonnegative initial data u(0, x) ≥0 as well as the right-hand side f ≥ 0. The existence for weak solutions when f, u(0, x)have exponential decay at infinity is proved. The main result is H¨older continuity for such weak solutions.

关键词： Caputo derivative Marchaud derivative Porous medium equation Hlder continuity Nonlocal diffusion

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