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Combined Selection in Backcross Population of Papaya(Carica papaya L.)by the Mixed Model Methodology

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第20期5卷 2973-2983页

作者： Helaine Christine Cancela Ramos Messias Gonzaga Pereira alexandre pio viana Lucas Nunes da Luz Deisy Lucia Cardoso Geraldo Antonio Ferreguetti Laboratory of Plant Breeding Centre for Agricultural Sciences and TechnologyNorth Fluminense State University(UENF)Campos dos GoytacazesBrazil Caliman Agrícola S.A. LinharesBrazil

The selection of superior genotypes based on the simultaneous response to several characteristics of agronomic importance is a key strategy to overcome the scarcity of available varieties of papaya. This study aimed to apply the combined selection by using distinct selection indexes based on both the genetic values obtained by the REML/BLUP methodology and the real measured values to select agronomically superior genotypes of papaya within backcross progenies. The combined selection was carried out based on genetic and phenotypic values, original and standardized, multiplied by the agronomic weights. The results of the analysis of genetic parameters indicate that the evaluated progenies have expressive genetic variability for the considered traits, and that there are real possibilities of genetic progress with the selection. Among the analyzed indexes, the one based on standardized genetic value presented greater consistency in the ranking of genetic material, demonstrating the advantage of data standardization. Five progenies belonging to the BC1 generation, and five to the BC3 generation were selected using this index. A total of 27 plants ag-ronomically superior were selected within the top five progenies and recommended for generation advance, 23 being selected by combined selection and 4 using the direct selection for the four mainly characters in papaya breeding program: production, pulp and fruit firmness and soluble solids. Beyond the selection of superior genotypes for the development of future inbred lines, this study also allowed defining the best strategy to apply the combined selection in papaya using pre-dicted breeding values obtained by BLUP. This strategy may allow higher accuracy in the selection process, thus increasing the chances of success of the breeding programs.

关键词： Papaya Tree Backcross Selection Index Mixed Model REML/BLUP

Good Practices in Strategic Environmental Assessment Processes under the Brazilian Practitioners’ Vision

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2018年第6期9卷 720-735页

作者： Antonio W. L. da Silva Marinilse Netto Paulo Selig alexandre Lerípio Santa Catarina State University-UDESC Chapecó Brazil Community University of the Region of Chapecó-Unochapecó Chapecó Brazil Federal University of Santa Catarina-UFSC Florianópolis Santa Catarina Brazil University of Vale do Itajaí-Univali Univali Brazil

The use of good practices (GP) can improve the technical quality and, as a consequence, the outcome of the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) process, increasing its effectiveness. This study aimed to present GP pointed out by Brazilian practitioners (members of the SEA development teams) from the perspective afforded by their participation in processes of this tool. The data were collected through personal interviews with 11 professionals responsible for preparing a total of 17 SEAs, who were asked about what measures adopted in the SEA could be considered BP. The responses were audio-recorded, transcribed, and had their content assessed by Content Analysis technique. Nine GP were highlighted by practitioners. The GP indicated represent a valuable contribution to the improvement of future use of SEA, either in Brazil or in other countries, because they are the result of consolidated experience in real cases of application of the tool.

关键词： Best Practices Environmental Management Environmental Policy Knowledge Management Sustainability

Evaluation of Soybean Genotypes (Glycine max L. Merr.) Susceptibility to Parasitic Nematodes in Western Part of Burkina Faso

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Agricultural Sciences 2023年第1期14卷 23-34页

作者： Gilles Ibié Thio Bouma Thio Nofou Ouédraogo Frank Essem Inoussa Drabo Oumar Boro Fabrice Wendyam Nikiema Pierre alexandre Eric Djifaby Sombié David Yago Hervé Bépio Bama Mahamadou Sawadogo Paco Sérémé Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Akenten Appiah-Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development Ashanti Mampong Ghana Université Joseph KI-ZERBO/UFR Science de la Vie et de la Terre Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Parasitic nematodes have been reported as one of the major constraints to soybean production worldwide. The majority of nematodes are so-called “free-living” and feed mainly on bacteria, fungi, protozoa and other nematodes. In Burkina Faso, the presence of parasitic nematodes has been reported in crops such as rice and sorghum. The objective of this study was to identify the genera and species of nematodes associated with soybean production in Burkina Faso. Investigations were carried out on 24 genotypes of a medium-maturity group of soybean at the Farako-Ba research station. Soil samples were taken from the trial soil before its installation. At harvest, soil samples with roots were taken from each genotype in the elementary plots. The composite sample is represented by 4 lots of soil samples with roots. Extractions and counts of nematodes were performed on the different lots. In total, 7 genera of plant-parasitic nematodes associated with soybean were identified. Among these genera, Pratylenchus (100% of infected genotypes), Helicotylenchus (97.28%) and Scutellonema (94.44%) were the most prevalent in terms of frequency and abundance. Some soybean genotypes were less susceptible to the genus Pratylenchus is known to be highly pathogenic in soybean. These were mainly the genotypes TGX2025-10E, TGX2023-3E and TGX2025-14E.

关键词： Parasitic Nematodes Susceptibility Genotypes Soybean Burkina Faso

Alpha Defensins Genes and Vulvovaginal Candidiasis:A Study of Cases

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2015年第9期5卷 487-493页

作者： Humberto F Boatto Elaine C.Francisco Joao P.Kleine Ismael D.Silva Manoel J.B.C.Girao alexandre P.Machado Olga Fischman Medical Clinic Department Medical FacultyUniversity of Mogi das CruzesMogi das CruzesBrazil Mycology Laboratory MicrobiolologyImmunology and Parasitology DepartmentFederal University of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil Gynecology Department Federal University of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil Molecular Oncology Research Center Barretos Cancer HospitalPio XII FoundationBarretosBrazil Microbiology Laboratory of Health Basic Sciences Department Medical FacultyFederal University of Mato GrossoCuiabáBrazil

Objective: To evaluate the alpha-defensin (α-DF) genes polymorphism in women with vulvovaginal candidiasis and recurrence. Methods: This observational study included clinical vaginal secretion samples collected over four years from 88 women, ranging in age from 18 to 65 years, from medical centers of Sao Paulo and Mogi das Cruzes, Brazil. Thirty-six of these women were asymptomatic (control group) and 52 presented clinical condition compatible with vulvovaginitis (38 primary or episodic as non-recurrent forms, and 14 recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis). A portion of each sample was plated on Sabouraud dextrose agar with chloramphenicol and grown on CHROMagar Candida for presumptive characterization. The identification of the species was obtained by sequencing of the ITS1 region of rDNA. α-DF genes were amplified for subsequent evaluation of polymorphisms by endonuclease restriction assay. Results: From 88 samples were isolated 60 Candida albicans and 28 non-albicans Candida spp. Resistant C. albicans strains and non-albicans Candida spp. were more prevalent in recurrence. In all groups, the number of resistant non-albicans Candida spp. was most high than susceptible strains. α-DF1, α-DF3 and α-DF1/α-DF3 genotypes were found in 32 (36.4%), 17 (19.3%), 6 (6.8%) vaginal samples, respectively. About 33 samples were not amplified. Recurrence and severe disease were more observed in homozygous population. Conclusions: Non-albicans Candida spp. and homozygotic α-DF genotipes (α-DF1 and α-DF3) were more related with severe clinical signs and recurrence. Further studies about vulvovaginal candidiasis and α-DF genes are necessary to access the more comprehensive role of defensins in clinical manifestations.

关键词： Alpha-Defensin Genes Candida albicans Non-Albicans Candida Vulvovaginal Candidiasis Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis

Evaluation of HPV Molecular Tests in Primary Screening for Cervical Cancer in Brazil

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2014年第8期4卷 470-478页

作者： José E.Levi Adhemar Longatto-Filho José Eluf-Neto Célia L.Rodrigues Cristina M.Oliveira Adriana C.Carloni Adriana T.Lorenzi Maricy Tacla José H.Fregnani alexandre M.Ab’Saber Cristovam Scapulatempo Luisa LVilla National Institute of Science and Technology for the Diseases Associated to Papillomaviruses(INCT-HPV) Sao PauloBrazil Virology Lab Tropical Medicine InstituteUniversidade de Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil Laboratory of Medical Investigation(LIM)14 Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil ICVS/3B’s-PT Government Associate Laboratory Life and Health Sciences Research Institute(ICVS)School of Health SciencesUniversity of MinhoBragaPortugal Molecular Oncology Research Center Pio XII FoundationBarretosBrazil Department of Preventive Medicine Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil Department of Infectious Diseases Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil Department of Ginecology and Obstetrics Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de São PauloSao PauloBrazil Center for the Researcher Support Pio XII FoundationBarretos Cancer HospitalBarretosBrazil Department of Pathology Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil Department of Radiology Center on Translational Oncology InvestigationSao Paulo State Cancer InstituteFaculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil Santa Casa de Sao Paulo Medical School Sao PauloBrazil

Background: Incorporation of HPV tests into cervical cancer screening programs may be advantageous over conventional cytology, especially in developing nations, where the largest burden of cervical cancer is observed. Objectives: To conduct an evaluation of commercially available molecular HPV tests in Brazilian women. Study design: Two groups were recruited: group A was composed of 511 women referred to the clinics because of a previous abnormal Pap test while group B consisted of 2464 subjects under routine screening. Cervical samples were collected using SurePath liquid cytology (LBC) device, and split into aliquots which were submitted to molecular testing by Hybrid Capture and cobas HPV. Colposcopy and biopsies were made according to the standard guidelines, directed by cytological diagnosis. Results: Prevalence of HSIL was 5.97% and 0.7% in Group A and B respectively. High-Risk HPV DNA was found in about 9% of group B women, while in group A this frequency was 24%. Having CIN3+ as the study end-point, the negative predictive values for molecular methods were above 99.8%. All “in-situ” and invasive cervical carcinomas were detected by both HPV nucleic acid assays. Conclusion: Use of HPV DNA testing was feasible and highly sensitive in cancer screening settings of Brazil.

关键词： High-Risk HPV Test HPV-DNA Cervical Cancer Screening