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Epidemiology of inflammatory bowel diseases in the state of Rio Grande do Sul,Brazil

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第30期28卷 4174-4181页

作者： Ornella Sari Cassol Gilmara Pandolfo Zabot Rogerio Saad-Hossne alexandre Padoin Department of Coloproctology IMED Medical SchoolPasso Fundo 99010260RSBrazil Graduate Program in Medicine and Health Sciences Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul(PUCRS)Porto Alegre 90610001RSBrazil Department of Coloproctology Coloprocto Canoas ClinicCanoas 92310205RSBrazil Department of Coloproctology Hospital Moinhos de Vento(HMV)Porto Alegre 90035000RSBrazil Department of Surgery and Orthopaedics Universidade Estadual Paulista(UNESP)Botucatu 18618687SPBrazil

BACKGROUND This is the first study on the epidemiology of inflammatory bowel diseases(IBDs)in Rio Grande do Sul(RS),the southernmost state of Brazil with the country’s fifth largest ***’s disease(CD)and ulcerative colitis(UC)are collectively termed *** have high incidence and prevalence rates in highincome countries,although in recent years there has been a change in the classic geographical distribution of IBDs,with growing rates in traditionally lowincidence *** To estimate the incidence and prevalence of IBDs in the RS state,Brazil,between 2014 and *** This is a cross-sectional descriptive observational *** with IBD who had initiated treatment and met the inclusion criteria of the RS state free drug distribution program were *** were obtained from registration or renewal records of the RS state specialty *** male,female,and total populations were estimated according to mid-year data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics,which served as a reference for calculating the incidence and prevalence rates of IBDs during the study *** were described using mean,standard deviation,and *** We included 1082 patients with IBD,of whom 57.5%were female and 42.5% were *** with CD accounted for 72.45% of the sample,and those with UC accounted for 27.54%.IBD prevalence during the study period was 9.51 per 100000 population,of which 6.89 corresponded to people with CD and 2.62,to people with *** rates per 100000 population/year were 2.54 in 2014,2.61 in 2015,1.91 in 2016,0.80 in 2017,0.83 in 2018,and 0.96 in *** mean IBD incidence rate per 100000 population was 1.61,of which 1.17 corresponded to CD and 0.44,to *** mean age was 41 years,and patients were mostly aged 30-40 *** by region was higher in the state capital metropolitan area:12.69 per 100000 *** Our results demonstrated an IBD prevalence of 9.51% and incidence of

关键词： Inflammatory bowel diseases Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Epidemiology Incidence Prevalence

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Saturable plasmonic metasurfaces for laser mode locking

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 1538-1546页

作者： Jiyong Wang Aurelien Coillet Olivier Demichel Zhiqiang Wang Davi Rego alexandre Bouhelier Philippe Grelu Benoit Cluzel Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne Universite Bourgogne Franche-Comte9 avenue Alain Savary21078 DijonFrance Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province School of EngineeringWestlake University18 Shilongshan Road310024 HangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Institute of Advanced Technology Westlake Institute for Advanced Study18 Shilongshan Road310024 HangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Electrotechnology Federal Institute of BahiaR.Emidio dos Santos40301015 SalvadorBrazil

Metamaterials are artificial materials made of subwavelength elementary cells that give rise to unexpected wave properties that do not exist ***,these properties are generally achieved due to 3D patterning,which is hardly feasible at short wavelengths in the visible and near-infrared regions targeted by most photonic *** overcome this limitation,metasurfaces,which are the 2D counterparts of metamaterials,have emerged as promising platforms that are compatible with planar nanotechnologies and thus mass production,which platforms the properties of a metamaterial into a 2D *** the linear regime,wavefront manipulation for lensing,holography,and polarization control has been achieved *** in metasurfaces operating in the nonlinear regime has also increased due to the ability of metasurfaces to efficiently convert incident light into harmonic frequencies with unusual polarization ***,to date,the nonlinear absorption of metasurfaces has been mostly ***,we demonstrate that plasmonic metasurfaces behave as saturable absorbers with modulation performances superior to the modulation performance of other 2D materials and exhibit unusual polarimetric nonlinear transfer *** quantify the link between saturable absorption,the plasmonic resonances of the unit cell and their distribution in a 2D metasurface,and finally provide a practical implementation by integrating the metasurfaces into a fiber laser cavity operating in pulsed regimes driven by the metasurface *** such,this work provides new perspectives on ultrathin nonlinear saturable absorbers for applications where tunable nonlinear transfer functions are needed,such as in ultrafast lasers or neuromorphic circuits.

关键词： properties absorber overcome

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The uncertainty measure for q-exponential distribution function

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2013年第13期58卷 1524-1528页

作者： OU CongJie EL KAABOUCHI Aziz WANG QiuPing alexandre CHEN JinCan College of Information Science and Engineering Huaqiao University Institut Supérieur des Matériaux et Mécaniques Avancés du Mans 44Avenue F.A. Bartholdi72000 Le MansFrance Department of Physics Xiamen University

Based on the q-exponential distribution which has been observed in more and more physical systems, the uncertainty measure of such an abnormal distribution can be derived by employing a variational relationship which can be traced from the first and second thermodynamic laws. The uncertainty measure obtained here can be considered as the entropic form for the abnormal physical systems having observable q-exponential distribution. This entropy will tend to the Boltzmann-Gibbs entropy when the nonextensive parameter tends to unity. It is very important to find that this entropic form is always concave and the systemic entropy is maximizable.

关键词：不确定性度量分布函数不确定性测度指数分布物理系统异常分布热力学定律吉布斯

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Astrocytes in the cerebral cortex play a role in the spontaneous motor recovery following experimental striatal hemorrhage

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第1期13卷 67-68页

作者： Juliana Dalibor Neves Régis Gemerasca Mestriner Carlos alexandre Netto Graduate Program of Physiology Institute of Basic Health Sciences Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Department of Biochemistry Institute of Basic Health Science Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair Research Group Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul

Intracerebral hemorrhage （ICH） is a stroke subtype caused by spontaneous rupture of small vessels and bleeding into the brain paren- chyma, resulting in cell death and sensorimotor deficits. Despite the greater prevalence of the ischemic form of stroke （87%）, ICH has the highest mortality rate of all stroke subtypes. The striatum is the most affected structure in hemorrhagic stroke （35-70%）, followed by cere- bral cortex （15-30%）, brain stem and cerebellum （5-10%）; patients suffering striatal and/or cortical ICH bear persistent sensorimotor disabilities. Although chronic sensorimotor impairment is established, a considerable amount of patients experience some degree of spontaneous recovery during the first six months after stroke （Qureshi et al., 2009）, and the neurobiological basis of this process is not understood.

关键词： Astrocytes in the cerebral cortex play a role in the spontaneous motor recovery following experimental striatal hemorrhage ICH

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Predictive power of tertiary lymphoid structure signature for neoadjuvant chemotherapy response and immunotherapy benefit in HER2-negative breast cancer

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Cancer Communications 2023年第8期43卷 943-946页

作者： François Bertucci alexandre De Nonneville Pascal Finetti Emilie Mamessier11Laboratory of Predictive Oncology Label Team“Ligue contre le cancer”Cancer Research Center of MarseillePaoli-Calmettes InstituteAix-Marseille UniversityInserm UMR1068CNRS UMR725MarseilleFrance Department of Medical Oncology Paoli-Calmettes InstituteMarseilleFrance

Dear Editor,Pembrolizumab,an immune checkpoint inhibitor(ICI),was recently approved for early-stage triple-negative breast cancer(eTNBC),and promising results have been reported in advanced hormone receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative(HR+/HER2-)and HER2+BCs[1].Given the costs and potential toxicity,markers predictive of ICI benefits are ***,neither programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1)expression nor other tested markers(i.e.,tumor mutational burden,microsatellite instability)effectively predict ICI benefit[2].Tertiary lymphoid structures(TLS)are secondary lymphoid organ-like aggregates that reside in the tumor microenvironment and are associated with clinical response to ICIs in metastatic melanoma,renal cell carcinoma.

关键词： lymphoid breast cancer

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Assimilation of GOES-R Geostationary Lightning Mapper Flash Extent Density Data in GSI 3DVar, EnKF, and Hybrid En3DVar for the Analysis and Short-Term Forecast of a Supercell Storm Case

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第2期41卷 263-277页

作者： Rong KONG Ming XUE Edward R.MANSELL Chengsi LIU alexandre O.FIERRO Center for Analysis and Prediction of Storms Norman Oklahoma 73072U.S.A University of Oklahoma Norman Oklahoma 73072U.S.A NOAA/National Severe Storms Laboratory NormanOklahoma 73072U.S A.4Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik Department of Forecasting Models-ZAMGVienna 1190Austria

Capabilities to assimilate Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite “R-series ”(GOES-R) Geostationary Lightning Mapper(GLM) flash extent density(FED) data within the operational Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation ensemble Kalman filter(GSI-EnKF) framework were previously developed and tested with a mesoscale convective system(MCS) case. In this study, such capabilities are further developed to assimilate GOES GLM FED data within the GSI ensemble-variational(EnVar) hybrid data assimilation(DA) framework. The results of assimilating the GLM FED data using 3DVar, and pure En3DVar(PEn3DVar, using 100% ensemble covariance and no static covariance) are compared with those of EnKF/DfEnKF for a supercell storm case. The focus of this study is to validate the correctness and evaluate the performance of the new implementation rather than comparing the performance of FED DA among different DA schemes. Only the results of 3DVar and pEn3DVar are examined and compared with EnKF/DfEnKF. Assimilation of a single FED observation shows that the magnitude and horizontal extent of the analysis increments from PEn3DVar are generally larger than from EnKF, which is mainly caused by using different localization strategies in EnFK/DfEnKF and PEn3DVar as well as the integration limits of the graupel mass in the observation operator. Overall, the forecast performance of PEn3DVar is comparable to EnKF/DfEnKF, suggesting correct implementation.

关键词： GOES-R lightning data assimilation EnKF EnVar

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Combining infrared and mode synthesizing atomic force microscopy： Application to the study of lipid vesicles inside Streptomyces bacteria

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Nano Research 2016年第6期9卷 1674-1681页

作者： Pauline Vitry Rolando Rebois Eric Bourillot Ariane Deniset-Besseau Marie-Joelle Virolle~ Eric Lesniewska alexandre Dazzi ICB UMR CNRS 6303 University ofBourgogne Franche Comte 21078 Dijon France LCP UMR CNRS 8000 University Paris-Sud 91405 Orsay France 12BC UMR CNRS 9198 University Paris-Sud 91190 Gif-Sur-Yvette France

We propose a new analytical approach combining vibrational spectroscopy and acoustic tomography for the detection and characterization of vesicles inside Streptomyces bacteria. Using atomic force microscopy and infrared spectroscopy （AFM-IR）, we detect the presence of triglyceride vesicles. Their sizes in depth are measured with high accuracy using mode synthesizing atomic force microscopy （MS-AFM）. We conducted a comparative study of AFM-IR and MS-AFM, and highlighted the advantages of the coupling of these techniques in having a full characterization （chemical, topographical, and volumetric） of a biological sample. With these complementary techniques, a complete access to the vesicle size distribution has been achieved with an accuracy of less than 50 nm. A 3D reconstruction of bacteria showing the in-depth distribution of vesicles is given to underline the great potential of the acoustic method.

关键词： nanoscale suDsurtace imaging atomic force microscop~ acoustic microscopy infrared microscopy biology

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A Novel Approach to Measuring Spatiotemporal Changes in Social Vulnerability at the Local Level in Portugal

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2022年第6期13卷 842-861页

作者： Pedro Pinto Santos JoséLuís Zêzere Susana Pereira Jorge Rocha alexandre Oliveira Tavares Centre for Geographical Studies Institute of Geography and Spatial PlanningTERRAUniversity of Lisbon(CEG-IGOT-ULisboa)1600-276 LisboaLAPortugal Centre for Social Studies Earth Science DepartmentScience and Technology FacultyUniversity of Coimbra(CES/DCT-FCT-UCoimbra)3000-995 CoimbraPortugal

Social vulnerability,as one of the risk components,partially explains the magnitude of the impacts observed after a *** this study,a spatiotemporally comparable assessment of social vulnerability and its drivers was conducted in Portugal,at the civil parish level,for three census *** first challenging step consisted of the selection of meaningful and consistent variables over *** were normalized using the Adjusted Mazziotta-Pareto Index(AMPI)to obtain comparable adimensional-normalized values.A joint principal component analysis(PCA)was applied,resulting in a robust set of variables,interpretable from the point of view of their self-grouping around vulnerability drivers.A separate PCA for each census was also conducted,which proved to be useful in analyzing changes in the composition and type of drivers,although only the joint PCA allows the monitoring of spatiotemporal changes in social vulnerability scores and drivers from 1991 to 2011.A general improvement in social vulnerability was observed for *** two main drivers are the economic condition(PC1),and aging and depopulation(PC2).The remaining drivers highlighted are uprooting and internal mobility,and daily *** data proved their value in the territorial,social,and demographic characterization of the country,to support medium-and long-term disaster risk reduction measures.

关键词： AMPI normalization Portugal Social vulnerability Spatiotemporal changes

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Biochar Increases Diuron Sorption and Reduces the Potential Contamination of Subsurface Water with Diuron in a Sandy Soil

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Pedosphere 2019年第6期29卷 801-809页

作者： Fabiano APETTER Tamara SFERREIRA Adilson PSINHORIN Larissa BLIMA Fernandes AALMEIDA Leandro PPACHECO alexandre FSILVA Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e AmbientaisSinop 78557-267(Brazil Universidade Federal do Piauí Programa de Pós-Graduaçño em AgronomiaBom Jesus 64900-000(Brazil Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Instituto de Ciencias NaturaisSociais e HumanasSinop 78557-267(Brazil Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Instituto de Engenharia Agrícola e AmbientalRondonópolis 78735-000(Brazil Embrapa Milho e Sorgo Sete Lagoas 35701-970(Brazil

The herbicide diuron is widely used in agricultural areas in Brazil, whereas it has high potential for subsurface water contamination due to its physicochemical characteristics. Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of biochar as a sorbent and possible pesticide leaching mitigation. The objective of this study was to investigate the long-term effect of biochar application on the kinetics of sorption and desorption of diuron in a Cerrado Haplic Plinthosol. Samples were collected in an experiment conducted in the field in a randomized block design consisting of the combination of two levels of fertilizer application (0 and 300 kg ha −1 of 5-25-15 formula of NPK fertilizers) and three doses of biochar (0, 16, and 32 Mg ha −1 ). The Freundlich isotherm accurately described the sorption of diuron in all treatments. Biochar application increased the sorption and reduced the desorption of diuron. This effect was attributed to the contribution of biochar to total organic carbon (C) and C in the humin fraction and to the increase in the reactivity of the humic acid and humin fractions, which was significantly highly correlated with the sorption coefficient ( K f ). A positive correlation between the partition coefficient of organic C and K f confirmed the importance of the soil organic compartment for the sorption of diuron. The higher diuron sorption and lower diuron desorption capacities of sandy soils after biochar application could reduce the potential risk of diuron leaching and contamination of subsurface water.

关键词： Herbicide Leaching Partition coefficient Persistence Pyrogenic carbon Soil organic matter Sorption coefficient

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Astrometric calibration and source characterisation of the latest generation neuromorphic event-based cameras for space imaging

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Astrodynamics 2023年第4期7卷 415-443页

作者： Nicholas Owen Ralph alexandre Marcireau Saeed Afshar Nicholas Tothill Andre van Schaik Gregory Cohen International Centre for Neuromorphic Systems MARCS Institute for BrainBehaviour and DevelopmentWestern Sydney UniversityKingswood 2747NSWAustralia

As an emerging approach to space situational awareness and space imaging,the practical use of an event-based camera(EBC)in space imaging for precise source analysis is still in its *** nature of event-based space imaging and data collection needs to be further explored to develop more effective event-based space imaging systems and advance the capabilities of event-based tracking systems with improved target measurement ***,for event measurements to be meaningful,a framework must be investigated for EBC calibration to project events from pixel array coordinates in the image plane to coordinates in a target resident space object’s reference *** this paper,the traditional techniques of conventional astronomy are reconsidered to properly utilise the EBC for space imaging and space situational *** paper presents the techniques and systems used for calibrating an EBC for reliable and accurate measurement *** techniques are vital in building event-based space imaging systems capable of real-world space situational awareness *** calibrating sources detected using the EBC,the spatiotemporal characteristics of detected sources or“event sources”can be related to the photometric characteristics of the underlying astrophysical ***,these characteristics are analysed to establish a foundation for principled processing and observing techniques which appropriately exploit the capabilities of the EBC.

关键词： neuromorphic event-based camera(EBC) space imaging space situational awareness(SSA) astronomy

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