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Noninvasive Low-Intensity Focused Ultrasound mediates Tissue Protection following Ischemic Stroke

Biomedical Engineering Frontiers 2022年第1期3卷 356-366页

作者： alexandra m.kaloss Lauren N.Arnold Eman Soliman maya Langman Nathalie Groot Eli Vlaisavljevich michelle H.Theus Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology Virginia TechBlacksburgVA 24061USA Department of Biomedical Engineering and mechanics Virginia TechBlacksburg VA 24061USA Center for Engineered Health Virginia TechBlacksburg Virginia 24061USA

Objective and Impact *** study examined the efficacy and safety of pulsed,low-intensity focused ultrasound(LIFU)and determined its ability to provide neuroprotection in a murine permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion(pmCAO)*** ultrasound(FUS)has emerged as a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of ischemic stroke;however,its nonthrombolytic properties remain ***,we examined how LIFU influenced neuroprotection and vascular changes following *** to the critical role of leptomeningeal anastomoses or pial collateral vessels,in cerebral blood flow restoration and tissue protection following ischemic stroke,we also investigated their growth and *** were exposed to transcranial LIFU(fundamental frequency:1.1 mHz,sonication duration:300 ms,interstimulus interval:3 s,pulse repetition frequency:1 kHz,duty cycle per pulse:50%,and peak negative pressure:-2.0 mPa)for 30 minutes following induction of pmCAO and then evaluated for infarct volume,blood-brain barrier(BBB)disruption,and pial collateral remodeling at 24 hrs *** found significant neuroprotection in mice exposed to LIFU compared to mock *** findings correlated with a reduced area of IgG deposition in the cerebral cortex,suggesting attenuation of BBB breakdown under LIFU *** also observed increased diameter of CD31-postive microvessels in the ischemic *** observed no significant difference in pial collateral vessel size between FUS and mock treatment at 24 hrs *** data suggests that therapeutic use of LIFU may induce protection through microvascular remodeling that is not related to its thrombolytic activity.

关键词： Focus repetition treatment

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Rational molecular design of efficient yellow-red dendrimer TADF for solution-processed OLEDs: a combined effect of substitution position and strength of the donors

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1613-1623页

作者： Changfeng Si Dianming Sun Tomas matulaitis David B.Cordes alexandra m.Z.Slawin Eli Zysman-Colman Organic Semiconductor Centre EaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of St AndrewsSt AndrewsKY169STUK

The development of high-performance solution-processed red organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs) remains a challenge,particularly in terms of maintaining efficiency at high luminance. Here, we designed and synthesized four novel orange-red thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF) dendrimers that are solution-processable: 2GCz BP, 2DPACz BP, 2FBP2GCz and 2FBP2DPACz. We systematically investigated the effect of substitution position and strength of donors on the optoelectronic properties. The reverse intersystem crossing rate constant(kRISC) of the emitters having donors substituted at positions 11and 12 of the dibenzo[a,c]phenazine(BP) is more than 10-times faster than that of compounds substituted having donors substituted at positions 3 and 6. Compound 2DPACz BP, containing stronger donors than 2GCz BP, exhibits a red-shifted emission and smaller singlet-triplet energy splitting, ΔE_(ST), of 0.01 e V. The solution-processed OLED with 10 wt% 2DPACz BP doped in m CP emitted at 640 nm and showed a maximum external quantum efficiency(EQE_(max)) of 7.8%, which was effectively maintained out to a luminance of 1,000 cd m-2. Such a device's performance at relevant display luminance is among the highest for solution-processed red TADF OLEDs. The efficiency of the devices was improved significantly by using 4Cz IPN as an assistant dopant in a hyperfluorescence(HF) configuration, where the 2DPACz BP HF device shows an EQEmaxof 20.0% at λEL of 605 nm and remains high at 11.8% at a luminance of 1,000 cd m-2, which makes this device one of the highest efficiency orange-to-red HF SP-OLEDs to date.

关键词： thermally activated delayed fluorescence solution-processing red OLEDs dibenzo[a,c]phenazine dendrimers

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Sarcopenic obesity in patients awaiting liver transplant: Unique challenges for nutritional recommendations

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第2期14卷 40-47页

作者： Darya m Herscovici Katherine m Cooper Alessandro Colletta michelle Rightmyer alexandra Shingina Lauren D Feld Department of medicine UMass Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMA 01655United States Division of Transplant Nutrition UMass Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMA 01655United States Department of medicine Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTN 37215United States Division of Gastroenterology UMass Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMA 01655United States

Sarcopenic obesity increases the risk of mortality in patients with liver disease awaiting liver transplantation and in the post-transplant *** recommendations for individuals with sarcopenia differ from recommendations for patients with obesity or sarcopenic *** these nutrition guidelines have been established in non-cirrhotic patients,established guidelines for liver transplant candidates with sarcopenic obesity are *** this paper,we review existing literature on sarcopenic obesity in patients with chronic liver disease and address opportunities to improve nutritional counseling in patients awaiting liver transplantation.

关键词： Nutrition Sarcopenia Sarcopenic obesity Liver transplant Cirrhosis Chronic liver disease Body composition myostatin

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A new tectonic model for the Itmurundy Zone,central Kazakhstan:linking ocean plate stratigraphy,timing of accretion and subduction polarity

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第4期15卷 245-273页

作者： Inna Safonova Ilya Savinskiy Alina Perfilova Olga Obut alexandra Gurova Sergei Krivonogov Southwest Jiaotong University Xi’an Road 999ChengduChina Sobolev Institute of Geology and mineralogy SB RASKoptyuga Ave.3NovosibirskRussia Novosibirsk State University Pirogova St.2NovosibirskRussia Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS Koptyuga Ave.3NovosibirskRussia

The Itmurundy Zone of Central Kazakhstan is a key structure in the core of the Kazakh Orocline representing a typical Pacific-type orogenic belt hosting accretionary complex,ophiolite massifs and serpentinite mé*** main controversies in the existing tectonic models of the Itmurundy Zone are about the timing of subduction and accretion,the direction and kinematics of subduction and the number of oceanic plates.A new model for the early Paleozoic tectonic story of the Itmurundy Zone is postulated in this paper,based on new detailed geological and U-Pb detrital zircon age data,combined with previously documented geological,U-Pb age,microfossil,geochemical and isotope data from igneous rocks,deep-sea sediments and greywacke *** present study employs the Ocean Plate Stratigraphy(OPS)model to explain the tectonic processes involved in the evolution of the Itmurundy Zone and to pre-sent a holistic story of Ordovician oceanic plate(s),which accretion formed an accretionary *** detailed mapping allows distinguishing three types of OPS assemblages:(1)Chert-dominated,(2)OIB-hosting,and(3)*** U-Pb ages of detrital zircons from sandstones of OIB and Chert types show unimodal distributions with similar main peaks of magmatism at 460-455 ma in the provenance,and their maximum depositional ages(mDA)span 455-433 *** samples from OPS Type 3 show the peaks of magmatism both at ca.460 ma and the mDA of 452 ma and 459 ma,*** mDA of sandstones and microfossils data from chert show the younging of strata to the south and SE in Types 1 and 2 and to NEE for Type 3(in present coordinates)suggesting double-sided subduction to the NNW and SEE and,accordingly,the co-existence of pieces of two oceanic plates in Ordovician *** U-Pb zircon data from both igneous and clastic rocks indicate a period of subduction erosion in early Ordovician *** a whole,the accreted OPS units of the Itmurundy Zone record the timing of subduction and accre

关键词： Central Asian Orogenic Belt Accretionary complex magmatic rocks Sedimentary rocks Subduction polarity Lithospheric plates

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Development of an active-site titrant for SARS-CoV-2 main protease as an indispensable tool for evaluating enzyme kinetics

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第5期14卷 2349-2357页

作者： Rabea Voget Julian Breidenbach Tobias Claff alexandra Hingst Katharina Sylvester Christian Steinebach Lan Phuong Vu Renato H.Weiße Ulrike Bartz Norbert Sträter Christa E.müller michael Gütschow Pharmaceutical Institute Pharmaceutical&Medicinal ChemistryUniversity of BonnBonn 53121Germany Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry Center for Biotechnology and BiomedicineLeipzig UniversityLeipzig 04103Germany Department of Natural Sciences University of Applied Sciences Bonn-Rhein-SiegRheinbach 53359Germany

A titrant for the SARS-CoV-2 main protease(m^(pro))was developed that enables,for the first time,the exact determination of the concentration of the enzymatically active m^(pro) by active-site *** covalent binding mode of the tetrapeptidic titrant was elucidated by the determination of the crystal structure of the enzyme–titrant *** fluorogenic substrates of m^(pro),including a prototypical,internally quenched Dabcyl-EDANS peptide,were compared in terms of solubility under typical assay *** exploiting the new titrant,key kinetic parameters for the m^(pro)-catalyzed cleavage of these substrates were determined.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 main protease Peptide nitriles Fluorogenic substrates Active-site titration X-ray crystallography Inner filter effect

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Small extrachromosomal circular DNA in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis matter

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1411-1413页

作者： marcos J.Arauzo-Bravo Daniela Gerovska matthias Schwab alexandra Kretz Computational Biology and Systems Biomedicine Biodonostia Health Research InstituteSan SebastianSpain Basque Foundation for Science IKERBASQUEBilbaoSpainMax Planck Institute for Molecular BiomedicineComputational Biology and Bioinformatics GroupMünsterNorth Rhine-WestphaliaGermany Department of Cell Biology and Histology Faculty of Medicine and NursingUniversity of Basque Country(UPV/EHU)LeioaSpain Department of Neurology Jena University HospitalJenaThuringiaGermany

Comprehensive studies identify motor neuron spectrum disorders including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)as globally rising fatal disorders with the highest prevalence in aging populations,influenced by ethnicity and ancestry(GBD 2016 motor Neuron Disease Colla borators,2018).While~10% of diagnoses involve a family history(fALS),most cases are considered sporadic(sALS).However,population-based studies suggest that even cases without a common index mutation impart heritability(Ryan et al.,2019),indicating a crucial role of rare and as yet unknown genetic denominators.

关键词： amyotrophic sclerosis

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Innate Igm antibodies to mannose in patients with gastric cancer

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Cancer Biology & medicine 2024年第3期21卷 193-197页

作者： maxim Petrovich Nikulin Nadezhda Vladimirovna Shilova Alexander Dmitrievich Lipatnikov Ivan Sokratovich Stilidi alexandra Vladimirovna Semyanikhina Nikolai Vladimirovich Bovin Nikolai Nikolaevich Tupitsyn Federal State Budgetary Institution"National medical Research Center for Oncology Named After N.N.Blokhin"of the ministry of Health of Russia MoscowRussia State Research Center"Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Named After Academicians m.m.Shemyakin and Yu.A.Ovchinnikov"of the Russian Academy of Sciences MoscowRussia National medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology Named After Academician VI.Kulakov of the Ministry of Health of Russian FederationMoscowRussia

Gastric cancer(GC) remains one of the most common lethal diseases. Every year, about 1 million people fall ill and almost 800 thousand people die worldwide~1. Surgical treatment has reached its limit. The current advances in immunology and detection of epidermal growth factor molecules(EGFR) in gastric cancer cells allowed to improve the treatment results;however, the metastatic form of this disease is still incurable.

关键词： Gastric cancer gastric

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Genome-wide Studies Reveal Genetic Risk Factors for Hepatic Fat Content

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2024年第2期22卷 57-68页

作者： Yanni Li Eline H.van den Berg Alexander Kurilshikov Dasha V.Zhernakova Ranko Gacesa Shixian Hu Esteban A.Lopera-maya alexandra Zhernakova Lifelines Cohort Study Vincent E.de meijer Serena Sanna Robin P.F.Dullaart Hans Blokzijl Eleonora A.m.Festen Jingyuan Fu Rinse K.Weersma Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningen 9713 GZThe Netherlands Department of Genetics University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningen 9713 GZThe Netherlands Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Tianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300052China Laboratory of Genomic Diversity Center for Computer TechnologiesITMO UniversitySaint Petersburg 199034Russia Institute of Precision medicine the First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080China Department of Surgery Section of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver TransplantationUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningen 9713 GZThe Netherlands Department of Endocrinology University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningen 9713 GZThe Netherlands Department of Pediatrics University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningen 9713 GZThe Netherlands 不详

Genetic susceptibility to metabolic associated fatty liver disease(mAFLD)is complex and poorly *** characterization of the genetic background of hepatic fat content would provide insights into disease etiology and causality of risk *** performed genome-wide association study(GWAS)on two noninvasive definitions of hepatic fat content:magnetic resonance imaging proton density fat fraction(mRI-PDFF)in 16,050 participants and fatty liver index(FLI)in 388,701 participants from the United Kingdom(UK)Biobank(UKBB).Heritability,genetic overlap,and similarity between hepatic fat content phenotypes were analyzed,and replicated in 10,398 participants from the University medical Center Groningen(UmCG)Genetics Lifelines Initiative(UGLI).meta-analysis of GWASs of mRI-PDFF in UKBB revealed five statistically significant loci,including two novel genomic loci harboring CREB3L1(rs72910057-T,P=5.40E−09)and GCm1(rs1491489378-T,P=3.16E−09),respectively,as well as three previously reported loci:PNPLA3,Tm6SF2,and *** of FLI in UKBB identified 196 genome-wide significant loci,of which 49 were replicated in UGLI,with top signals in ZPR1(P=3.35E−13)and FTO(P=2.11E−09).Statistically significant genetic correlation(rg)between mRI-PDFF(UKBB)and FLI(UGLI)GWAS results was found(rg=0.5276,P=1.45E−03).Novel mRI-PDFF genetic signals(CREB3L1 and GCm1)were replicated in the FLI *** identified two novel genes for mRI-PDFF and 49 replicable loci for *** a difference in hepatic fat content assessment between mRI-PDFF and FLI,a substantial similar genetic architecture was *** is identified as an easy and reliable approach to study hepatic fat content at the population level.

关键词： Hepatic fat content mAFLD Genome-wide association study Fatty liver index magnetic resonance imaging proton density fat fraction

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Effect of vaccinations and school restrictions on the spread of COVID-19 in different age groups in Germany

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Infectious Disease modelling 2024年第4期9卷 1250-1264页

作者： Christiane Dings Dominik Selzer Nicola Luigi Bragazzi Eva mohler markus Wenning Thomas Gehrke Ulf Richter alexandra Nonnenmacher Folke Brinkmann Tobias Rothoeft michael Zemlin Thomas Lücke Thorsten Lehr Department of Clinical Pharmacy Saarland University66123SaarbrückenGermany Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Saarland University Hospital66421HomburgGermany medical Association Westfalen-Lippe48151MünsterGermany School of Education and Psychology Siegen University57072SiegenGermany University Children's Hospital Ruhr University44791BochumGermany University Children's Hospital Airway Research Center North(ARCN)German Center for Lung Research(DZL)LübeckGermany Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology Saarland University Hospital66421HomburgGermany

With the emergence of SARS-CoV-2,various non-pharmaceutical interventions were adopted to control virus transmission,including school ***,the introduction of vaccines mitigated not only disease severity but also the spread of *** study leveraged an adapted SIR model and non-linear mixed-effects modeling to quantify the impact of remote learning,school holidays,the emergence of Variants of Concern(VOCs),and the role of vaccinations in controlling SARS-CoV-2 spread across 16 German federal states with an age-stratified *** highlight a significant inverse correlation(Spearman's ρ=0.92,pmeter estimation using the observed number of cases stratified by federal state and age allowed to assess the effects of school closure and holidays,considering adjustments for vaccinations and spread of VOCs over ***,modeling revealed significant(pmong pre-school children(0-4),children(5-11),adolescents(12-17),adults(18-59),and the elderly(60+).The transition to remote learning emerged as a critical measure in significantly reducing infection rates among children and adolescents(pmong the elderly during these periods,suggesting a shift in infection networks due to altered caregiving ***,during school holiday periods,infection rates among adolescents mirrored those observed when schools were *** exercises based on the model provided evidence that COVID-19 vaccinations might serve a dual purpose:they protect the vaccinated individuals and contribute to the broader community's safety.

关键词： COVID-19 Vaccination Non-pharmaceutical interventions Age mathematical modeling

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Investigation of electrophysical, photo- and gas-sensitive properties of ZnO–SnO_(2) sol–gel fflms

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Journal of Advanced Dielectrics 2024年第1期14卷 42-50页

作者： Irina A.Gulyaeva alexandra P.Ivanisheva maria G.Volkova Victoria Yu.Storozhenko Soslan A.Khubezhov Ekaterina m.Bayan Victor V.Petrov Research and Education Centre“microsystem Technics and multisensory monitoring Systems”Southern Federal University Russia Department of Chemistry Southern Federal UniversityRussia Department of Physics North-Ossetian State University362025 VladikavkazRussia Department of Physics and Engineering ITMO University191002 PetersburgRussia

Thin nanocomposite fflms based on tin dioxide with a low content of zinc oxide(0.5–5 mol.%)were obtained by the sol–gel *** synthesized fflms are 300–600 nm thick and contains pore sizes of 19–29 *** resulting ZnO–SnO_(2) fflms were comprehensively studied by atomic force and Kelvin probe force microscopy,X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,and high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy *** photoconductivity parameters on exposure to light with a wavelength of 470 nm were also *** study of the photosensitivity kinetics of ZnO–SnO_(2) fflms showed that the fflm with the Zn:Sn ratio equal to 0.5:99.5 has the minimum value of the charge carrier generation time *** of the activation energy of the conductivity,potential barrier,and surface potential of ZnO–SnO_(2) fflms showed that these parameters have maxima at ZnO concentrations of 0.5 mol.%and 1 mol.%.Films with 1 mol.%ZnO exhibit high response values when exposed to 5–50 ppm of nitrogen dioxide at operating temperatures of 200℃ and 250℃.

关键词： Sol–gel method,ZnO–SnO_(2) films gas-sensitive properties surface potential potential barrier conduction activation energy

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