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Ultrafiltration for environmental safety in shellfish production: A case of bloom emergence

Water Science and Engineering 2021年第1期14卷 46-53页

作者： Clemence Cordier alexandra Voulgaris Christophe Stavrakakis Patrick Sauvade Franz Coelho Philippe moulin Aix-marseille Universite M2P2 UMR 7340Equipe Procedes MembranairesLaboratoire de Mecanique Modelisation et Procedes PropresAix en Provence 13545France Plateforme Experimentale mollusques marins Station Ifremer de BouinPolder des ChampsBouin 85230France Suez-Aquasource Toulouse 31029France

The process of ultrafiltration(UF)of natural seawater often encounters the problems of variation in water quality and coastal *** validate the feasibility of UF in shellfish farms,this study compared the hydraulic performance and pollutant removal efficiency of the UF process with those of the commonly used treatments that combine several filtration steps with ultraviolet(UV)*** comparison was conducted in the cases of natural seawater and a coastal *** that the UF process encountered the specific type of pollution,this study evaluated the filtration performance of the UF process and the retention of total suspended solids(TSS),bacteria,phytoplankton,and zooplankton.A real coastal bloom was considered in the case study of an experimental shellfish hatchery/nursery in *** results show that both treatments were able to eliminate approximately 50%of ***,in contrast with UV treatment combined with filtration,the UF process retained total amounts of phytoplankton,zooplankton,and bacteria in the *** the hydraulic performance of the UF process was impacted by the coastal bloom,the fouling was eliminated through chemical cleaning conducted at a frequency less than once per 12 *** the severe pollution,this study confirmed the pollution resistance and treatment performance of the UF process,indicating that UF has the potential to enhance the biosecurity level.

关键词： Ultrafiltration Environmental safety Aquaculture Shellfish culture Coastal bloom

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Pancreatic cancer: Are 'liquid biopsies' ready for prime-time?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第32期22卷 7175-7185页

作者： alexandra R Lewis Juan W Valle mairead G mc Namara The Christie NHS Foundation Trust M20 4BX ManchesterUnited Kingdom Institute of Cancer Sciences University of ManchesterM20 4BX ManchesterUnited Kingdom

Pancreatic cancer is a disease that carries a poor prognosis. Accurate tissue diagnosis is required. Tumours contain a high content of stromal tissue and therefore biopsies may be inconclusive. Circulating tumour cells(CTCs) have been investigated as a potential "liquid biopsy" in several malignancies and have proven to be of prognostic value in breast, prostate and colorectal cancers. They have been detected in patients with localised and metastatic pancreatic cancer with sensitivities ranging from 38%-100% using a variety of platforms. Circulating tumour DNA(ct DNA) has also been detected in pancreas cancer with a sensitivity ranging from 26%-100% in studies across different platforms and using different genetic markers. However, there is no clear consensus on which platform is the most effective for detection, nor which genetic markers are the most useful to use. Potential roles of liquid biopsies include diagnosis, screening, guiding therapies and prognosis. The presence of CTCs or ct DNA has been shown to be of prognostic value both at diagnosis and after treatment in patients with pancreatic cancer. However, more prospective studies are required before this promising technology is ready for adoption into routine clinical practice.

关键词： Pancreatic Cancer Liquid biopsy Circulating Tumour Cells Circulating Tumour DNA

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Noninvasive Low-Intensity Focused Ultrasound mediates Tissue Protection following Ischemic Stroke

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Biomedical Engineering Frontiers 2022年第1期3卷 356-366页

作者： alexandra m.Kaloss Lauren N.Arnold Eman Soliman maya Langman Nathalie Groot Eli Vlaisavljevich michelle H.Theus Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology Virginia TechBlacksburgVA 24061USA Department of Biomedical Engineering and mechanics Virginia TechBlacksburg VA 24061USA Center for Engineered Health Virginia TechBlacksburg Virginia 24061USA

Objective and Impact *** study examined the efficacy and safety of pulsed,low-intensity focused ultrasound(LIFU)and determined its ability to provide neuroprotection in a murine permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion(pmCAO)*** ultrasound(FUS)has emerged as a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of ischemic stroke;however,its nonthrombolytic properties remain ***,we examined how LIFU influenced neuroprotection and vascular changes following *** to the critical role of leptomeningeal anastomoses or pial collateral vessels,in cerebral blood flow restoration and tissue protection following ischemic stroke,we also investigated their growth and *** were exposed to transcranial LIFU(fundamental frequency:1.1 mHz,sonication duration:300 ms,interstimulus interval:3 s,pulse repetition frequency:1 kHz,duty cycle per pulse:50%,and peak negative pressure:-2.0 mPa)for 30 minutes following induction of pmCAO and then evaluated for infarct volume,blood-brain barrier(BBB)disruption,and pial collateral remodeling at 24 hrs *** found significant neuroprotection in mice exposed to LIFU compared to mock *** findings correlated with a reduced area of IgG deposition in the cerebral cortex,suggesting attenuation of BBB breakdown under LIFU *** also observed increased diameter of CD31-postive microvessels in the ischemic *** observed no significant difference in pial collateral vessel size between FUS and mock treatment at 24 hrs *** data suggests that therapeutic use of LIFU may induce protection through microvascular remodeling that is not related to its thrombolytic activity.

关键词： Focus repetition treatment

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Epidural anesthesia improves pancreatic perfusion and decreases the severity of acute pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第43期21卷 12448-12456页

作者： Samira m Sadowski Axel Andres Philippe morel Eduardo Schiffer Jean-Louis Frossard alexandra Platon Pierre-Alexandre Poletti Leo Bühler Department of Visceral and Transplantation Surgery University Hospitals of Geneva Department of Anesthesiology University Hospital Geneva Department of Gastroenterology University Hospital Geneva Department of Radiology University Hospital Geneva

AIm: To study the safety of epidural anesthesia(EA),its effect on pancreatic perfusion and the outcome of patients with acute pancreatitis(AP).mETHODS: From 2005 to August 2010,patients with predicted severe AP [Ranson score ≥ 2,C-reactive protein > 100 or necrosis on computed tomography(CT)] were prospectively randomized to either a group receiving EA or a control group treated by patientcontrolled intravenous analgesia. Pain management was evaluated in the two groups every eight hours using the visual analog pain scale(VAS). Parameters for clinical severity such as length of hospital stay,use of antibiotics,admission to the intensive care unit,radiological/clinical complications and the need for surgical necrosectomy including biochemical data were recorded. A CT scan using a perfusion protocol was performed on admission and at 72 h to evaluate pancreatic blood flow. A significant variation in blood flow was defined as a 20% difference in pancreatic perfusion between admission and 72 h and was measured in the head,body and tail of the ***: We enrolled 35 patients. Thirteen were randomized to the EA group and 22 to the control group. There were no differences in demographic characteristics between the two groups. The Balthazar radiological severity score on admission was higher in the EA group than in the control group(mean score 4.15 ± 2.54 vs 3.38 ± 1.75,respectively,P = 0.347) and the median Ranson scores were 3.4 and 2.7 respectively(P = NS). The median duration of EA was 5.7 d,and no complications of the epidural procedure were reported. An improvement in perfusion of the pancreas was observed in 13/30(43%) of measurements in the EA group vs 2/27(7%) in the control group(P = 0.0025). Necrosectomy was performed in 1/13 patients in the EA group vs 4/22 patients in the control group(P = 0.63). The VAS improved during the first ten days in the EA group compared to the control group(0.2 vs 2.33,P = 0.034 at 10 d). Length of stay and mortality were not

关键词： Severe acute pancreatitis Epidural anes thesia Pan

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multiple forest structural elements are needed to promote beetle biomass, diversity and abundance

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第5期9卷 585-595页

作者： Nolan J.Rappa michael Staab Julian Frey Nathalie Winiger alexandra-maria Klein Nature Conservation and Landscape Ecology University of FreiburgTennenbacherstrasse 479106Freiburg im BreisgauGermany Ecological Networks Technical University DarmstadtSchnittspahnstrasse 364287DarmstadtGermany Forest Growth and Dendroecology University of FreiburgTennenbacherstrasse 479106Freiburg im BreisgauGermany Wildlife Ecology and management University of FreiburgTennenbacherstrasse 479106Freiburg im BreisgauGermany

Background:Retention forestry is a management strategy aiming to mitigate biodiversity loss by retaining structural elements such as dead trees that would otherwise be *** we analyze the biomass,diversity and abundance among forest beetles collected using window traps on 1281-ha forest sites reflecting gradients in the amount of structural elements in southwestern ***:We found that beetle biomass increased with mean diameter at breast height(a measure of tree size),and decreased with stand structural *** of individual feeding guilds responded differently to forest structural elements,namely lying deadwood,understory complexity,tree basal area and stand structural *** family diversity increased with the effective number of layers,i.e.1-m forest strata occupied by vegetation assessed via terrestrial laser *** of feeding guilds responded to only elevation and share of deciduous *** composition in terms of biomass was structured by forest elements similar to biomass of individual feeding guilds,with the addition of lying *** differed from community composition in terms of abundance of feeding guilds,which was structured by primarily standing deadwood volume and share of deciduous ***:Our results show that biomass,diversity and abundance respond differently to forest structural *** suggests that the concurrent prioritization of multiple forest elements is needed to promote forest beetles,with more focus placed on the differing resource needs among feeding *** addition,retention strategies should also consider the varying responses of beetle biodiversity metrics when assessing the importance of forest structural elements.

关键词： Allometry Biodiversity Coleoptera Forest management Terrestrial laser scanning Window trap

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Self-reported physical functioning,cardiometabolic health conditions, and healthcare utilization patterns in million Veteran Program enrollees with Traumatic Brain Injury Screening and Evaluation Program data

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military medical Research 2023年第5期10卷 587-598页

作者： alexandra L.Clark makenna B.mcGill Erin D.Ozturk David m.Schnyer Catherine Chanfreau‑Cofnier Victoria C.merritt Research Service VA San Diego Healthcare System(VASDHS)San DiegoCA92161USA Department of Psychology The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA San Diego State University/University of CaliforniaSan Diego Joint Doctoral Program San DiegoCA 92120USA VA Informaticsand Computing Infrastructure(VINCI) VA Salt Lake City Health Care SystemSalt Lake CityUT 84148USA Department of Psychiatry School of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 29093USA Center of Excel‑lence for Stress and mental Health VASDHSSan Diego 92161USA

Background Examining the health outcomes of veterans who have completed the United States Veterans Health Administration’s(VHA’s)Traumatic Brain Injury(TBI)Screening and Evaluation Program may aid in the refinement and improvement of clinical care initiatives within the *** study compared self-reported physical functioning,cardiometabolic health conditions,and health care utilization patterns in million Veteran Program enrollees with TBI Screening and Evaluation Program data(collected between 2007 and 2019),with the goal of enhancing understanding of potentially modifiable health conditions in this *** In this observational cohort study,veterans(n=16,452)were grouped based on the diagnostic outcome of the TBI Screening and Evaluation Program:1)negative TBI screen(Screen^(-));2)positive TBI screen but no confirmed TBI diagnosis[Screen^(+)/Comprehensive TBI Evaluation(CTBIE)^(-)];or 3)positive TBI screen and confirmed TBI diagnosis(Screen^(+)/CTBIE^(+)).Chi-square tests and analysis of covariance were used to explore group differences in physical functioning,cardiometabolic health conditions,and health care utilization patterns,and logistic regressions were used to examine predictors of Screen^(+/-)and CTBIE^(+/-)group *** The results showed that veterans in the Screen^(+)/CTBIE^(-)and Screen^(+)/CTBIE^(+)groups generally reported poorer levels of physical functioning(P’smetabolic health conditions(P’s0.5)compared with the Screen-group;however,health outcomes were generally comparable between the Screen^(+)/CTBIE^(-)and Screen^(+)/CTBIE^(+)***-up analyses confirmed that while physical functioning,hypertension,stroke,healthcare utilization,and prescription medication use reliably distinguished between the Screen-and Screen^(+)groups(P’s<0.02,OR’s 0.78 to 3.38),only physical functioning distinguished bet

关键词： Traumatic brain injury(TBI)screen Comprehensive TBI Evaluation(CTBIE) Health outcomes Cardiometabolichealth Veterans million Veteran Program(mVP)

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Targeting new ways for large-scale,high-speed surface functionalization using direct laser interference patterning in a roll-to-roll process

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International Journal of Extreme manufacturing 2023年第3期5卷 569-583页

作者： Christoph Zwahr Nicolas Serey Lukas Nitschke Christian Bischoff Ulrich Radel alexandra meyer Penghui Zhu Wilhelm Pfleging Laser Precision manufacturing Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology(IWS)DresdenGermany Topag Lasertechnik GmbH DarmstadtGermany Institute of manufacturing Science and Engineering Technical University DresdenDresdenGermany Institute for Applied materials—Applied materials Physics(IAm-AWP) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany

Direct Laser Interference Patterning(DLIP)is used to texture current collector foils in a roll-to-roll process using a high-power picosecond pulsed laser system operating at either fundamental wavelength of 1064 nm or 2nd harmonic of 532 *** raw beam having a diameter of 3 mm@1/e^(2) is shaped into an elongated top-hat intensity profile using a diffractive so-called FBS■-L element and cylindrical *** shaped beam is split into its diffraction orders,where the two first orders are parallelized and guided into a galvanometer *** deflected beams inside the scan head are recombined with an F-theta objective on the working position generating the interference *** DLIP spot has a line-like interference pattern with about 15μm spatial *** fluences of up to 8 J cm^(-2) were achieved using a maximum pulse energy of 0.6 ***,an in-house built roll-to-roll machine was *** this setup,aluminum and copper foil of 20μm and 9μm thickness,respectively,could be *** to current collector structuring coating of composite electrode material took *** case of lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide(NmC 622)cathode deposited onto textured aluminum current collector,an increased specific discharge capacity could be achieved at a C-rate of 1℃.For the silicon/graphite anode material deposited onto textured copper current collector,an improved rate capability at all C-rates between C/10 and 5℃ was *** rate capability was increased up to 100%compared to reference *** C-rates between C/2 and 2℃,the specific discharge capacity was increased to 200 mAh g^(-1),while the reference electrodes with untextured current collector foils provided a specific discharge capacity of 100 m Ah g^(-1),showing the potential of the DLIP technology for cost-effective production of battery cells with increased cycle lifetime.

关键词： DLIP lithium-ion battery surface texturing copper aluminum

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Tree diversity and nectar composition affect arthropod visitors on extrafloral nectaries in a diversity experiment

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第1期10卷 201-212页

作者： michael Staab Joel methorst Jan Peters Nico Blüthgen alexandra-maria Klein Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources Chair of Nature Conservation and Landscape EcologyUniversity of FreiburgTennenbacher Straße 479106 FreiburgGermany Institute of Ecology Leuphana University of LüneburgScharnhorststraße 121335 LüneburgGermany Ecological Network Group Department of BiologyTechnical University DarmstadtSchnittspahnstraße 1064287 DarmstadtGermany

Aims Plants with extrafloral nectaries(EFNs)are common in tropical and subtropical habitats and,despite many other arthropods also forage for EFN,most studies solely focused on the defense mutualisms between EFN plants and *** study aims at a quantitative assessment of the entire arthropod community that visits EFN trees to compare visitor communities between different tree species to disentangle the mechanisms that may drive EFN visitor community *** also test for tree diversity effects on EFN visitors,as it is unknown if local tree species richness relates to the abundance and species richness of arthropods foraging for *** We sampled EFN-visiting arthropods in the experimental tree species richness gradient of the BEF-China Experiment,the currently largest forest diversity experiment in the world,and tested if tree species richness affects EFN visitors and if visitor community composition differs between EFN tree *** a second step,we analyzed the EFN of Ailanthus altissima and Triadica cochinchinensis,the two EFN tree species with highest visitor abundance,for sugars and amino acids(AA)to test if tree species-specific differences in nectar chemistry translate to differing visitor ***,we conducted a choice experiment using different artificial nectar solutions to test if nectar quality affects foraging decisions of ants,the most frequent EFN visitors in our study *** Findings EFN trees in young successional forests in subtropical South-East China are visited by a diverse assemblage of arthropods including ants,beetles,flies,and *** ants accounted for about 75%of all individuals,non-ant visitors were by far more species *** abundance and species richness declined with increasing tree species richness,suggesting a resource dilution effect,because plots with more tree species had proportionally less EFN tree individuals and thus lower nectar *** altissima and ***

关键词： amino acids BEF-China choice experiment formicidae HPLC chemical analysis

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A threshold delay model of HIV infection of newborn infants through breastfeeding

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Infectious Disease modelling 2019年第1期4卷 188-214页

作者： alexandra Teslya Redouane Qesmi Jianhong Wu Jane mHeffernan modelling Infection and Immunity Lab Centre for Disease ModellingMathematics&StatisticsYork UniversityM3J 1P3TorontoCanada Superior School of Technology Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah UniversityFez 30000Morocco Laboratory for Industrial and Applied mathematics(LIAm) Centre for Disease Modelling(CDM)Advanced DisasterEmergency and Rapid Simulation(ADERSIM)Faculty of ScienceYork UniversityTorontoM3J 1P3Canada

The breast milk of HIV infected women contains HIV virus particles,therefore children can become infected through *** develop a mathematical epidemiological model of HIV infection in infants,infected children and infected women that represents infection of an infant/child as a series of exposures,by incorporating within-host virus dynamics in the individuals exposed to the virus through *** show that repeated exposures of the infant/child via breastfeeding can cause bi-stability dynamics and,subsequently,infection persistence even when the epidemiological basic reproduction number R0 is less than *** feature of the model,due to a backward bifurcation,gives new insight into the control mechanisms of HIV disease through breastfeeding.

关键词： Within-host HIV Breastfeeding multiple-exposure State-dependent delay Backward bifurcation

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Analysis of per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances in Houston Ship Channel and Galveston Bay following a large-scale industrial fire using ion-mobility-spectrometry-mass spectrometry

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第5期34卷 350-362页

作者： Alan Valdiviezo Noor AAly Yu-Syuan Luo alexandra Cordova Gaston Casillas maKayla Foster Erin SBaker Ivan Rusyn Interdisciplinary Faculty of Toxicology Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Department of Chemistry North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA

Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS)are persistent organic pollutants of concern be-cause of their ubiquitous presence in surface and ground water;analytical methods that can be used for rapid comprehensive exposure assessment and fingerprinting of PFAS are *** the fires at the Intercontinental Terminals Company(ITC)in Deer Park,TX in 2019,large quantities of PFAS-containing firefighting foams were *** release of these substances into the Houston Ship Channel/Galveston Bay(HSC/GB)prompted con-cerns over the extent and level of PFAS contamination.A targeted liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-mS/mS)-based study of temporal and spatial patterns of PFAS associated with this incident revealed presence of 7 species;their levels gradually de-creased over a 6-month *** the targeted LC-mS/mS analysis was focused on about 30 PFAS molecules,it may have missed other PFAS compounds present in firefighting ***,we utilized untargeted LC-ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrome-try(LC-ImS-mS)-based analytical approach for a more comprehensive characterization of PFAS in these water *** analyzed 31 samples from 9 sites in the HSC/GB that were collected over 5 months after the *** data showed that additional 19 PFAS were detected in surface water of HSC/GB,most of them decreased gradually after the *** features detected by LC-mS/mS correlated well in abundance with LC-ImS-mS data;however,LC-ImS-mS identified a number of additional PFAS,many known to be compo-nents of firefighting *** findings therefore illustrate that untargeted LC-ImS-mS improved our understanding of PFAS presence in complex environmental samples.

关键词： Emergency Environmental disaster PFAS

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