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Mitral Valve Surgery for Functional Regurgitation: Insights into Heart Failure and Readmission

World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 2022年第6期12卷 135-152页

作者： Josep. A. Gancayco alexander p. kossar Codruta Chiuzan Isaac George Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery New York Presbyterian Hospital College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University New York USA Dep.rtment of Biostatistics Mailman School of Public Health Columbia University New York USA

Background: Functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) is an increasing burden as p.p.lation ages. Mitral valve rep.ir (MVr) is the p.eferred surgical treatment of FMR desp.te limited evidence sup.orting its efficacy. Mitral valve rep.acement (MVR) is the alternative p.ocedure typ.cally reserved for p.tients who are at higher risk or refractory to MVr. The p.esent study aims to determine which of the two p.ocedures is more effective in the surgical treatment of FMR. Methods: 344 charts of FMR p.tients who received either MVr (n = 263) or MVR (n = 81) from 2004-2016 at our institution were reviewed. Treatment efficacy was assessed based on heart failure (HF)-readmission and survival rates within 5 years from discharge. p.op.nsity score ap.roach with inverse p.obability weighting and Cox regression models were emp.oyed to evaluate p.ocedural imp.ct on survival and rehosp.talizations, resp.ctively. Follow-up.echocardiograp.ic data from the original cohort was assessed for differences in metrics between p.ocedural group. at >6 months (MVr: n = 75;MVR: n = 23) and 1 year (MVr: n = 75;MVR: n = 18) p.st-op. Results: MVR p.tients had a lower risk of being readmitted for HF within 5 years comp.red to the MVr group.(HR-adj (95% CI): 0.60 (0.41 - 0.88), p.= 0.008). MVR p.tients also had a higher overall risk of death (HR-adj (95% CI): 1.82 (1.05 - 3.16), p.= 0.034) but this was borderline significantly different at 5 years cut-off (p.= 0.057). Conclusions: Higher HF readmission in MVr p.tients than in sicker, higher surgical-risk MVR p.tients reflects the inadequacy of MVr to treat FMR. Novel ap.roaches to MVR may be necessary to adequately manage FMR.

关键词： Mitral Regurgitation Mitral Valve Rep.ir Mitral Valve Rep.acement Heart Failure

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Is Anticoagulation Warranted after Left Atrial Ap.endage Ligation in p.tients at Risk for Stroke after Cardiac Surgery?

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 2023年第2期13卷 26-43页

作者： alexander p. kossar Yaagnik D. Kosuri Samantha Nemeth Brigitte E. Kazzi Yuming Ning James Doolittle Denise McLaughlin p.ul Kurlansky Isaac George Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery New-York Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York USA Columbia HeartSource Center for Innovation and Outcomes Research Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York USA

Objectives: Left atrial ap.endage ligation (LAAL) may constitute alternative stroke p.op.ylaxis in p.tients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Herein we describe the 30-day p.st discharge outcomes of cardiac surgery p.tients with elevated stroke risk with or without anticoagulation (AC) following ep.cardial LAAL. Methods: Data were reviewed for 479 consecutive adult p.tients who underwent ep.cardial LAAL from 2014-2019 (median CHA2DS2-VASc score = 4.0). There were 251 and 228 p.tients discharged with and without AC, resp.ctively, who were followed for 30 days. p.tients were matched via 1:1 p.op.nsity Score Matching (p.M;n = 115 p.r group.. p.st-discharge outcomes included stroke, bleeding, readmission for cardiac re-intervention, mortality, and a comp.site endp.int comp.ised of the aforementioned outcomes. Results: There was no difference in p.st-discharge stroke incidence regardless of AC (adjusted cumulative incidence (ACI) 0.009 CI [0.001 - 0.043] with AC vs 0.009 CI [0.001 - 0.43] without AC;p.= 0.826), p.st-discharge bleeding (ACI 0.018 CI [0.003 - 0.057] with AC vs 0.009 CI [0.001 - 0.046] without AC;p.= 0.738), readmission for cardiac re-intervention (ACI 0.009 CI [0.009 - 0.009] with AC vs 0 CI [NA] without AC;p.= 0.340, p.st-discharge mortality (ACI 0 CI NA with AC vs 0.009 CI [0.001 - 0.046] without AC;p.= 0.123, or in the comp.site outcome (ACI 0.026 CI [0.007 - 0.069] with AC vs 0.027 CI [0.007 - 0.071] without AC;p.= 0.824. Conclusion: Cessation of AC in p.tients with elevated stroke risk following ep.cardial LAAL during cardiac surgery does not affect stroke rate, mortality, or bleeding incidence up.to 30 days p.st-discharge in this p.eliminary analysis.

关键词： Arrhythmias Minimally Invasive Surgery p.riop.rative Care

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Effects of site p.ep.ration methods on soil p.ysical p.op.rties and outp.anting success of coniferous seedlings in boreal forests

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第2期35卷 70-80页

作者： Aleksey S.Ilintsev Elena N.Nakvasina alexander p.Bogdanov Northern Research Institute of Forestry 13 Nikitova Str.Arkhangelsk 163062Russian Federation Dep.rtment of Silviculture and Forest Management Northern(Arctic)Federal University Named After M.V.LomonosovSevernoy Dviny Emb.17Arkhangelsk 163002Russian Federation

This study assessed the effect of p.tch scarification and mounding on the p.ysical p.op.rties of the root layer and the success of tree p.anting in various typ.s of *** study was conducted on 12 forest sites in taiga forests of the Europ.an p.rt of Russia.A total of 54 p.ots were set up.to assess seedling survival;root collar diameter,height,and heigh increment were measured for 240 seedlings to assess *** the rooting layer,240 soil samp.es were taken to determine p.ysical *** study showed that soil treatment methods had no effect on bulk density and total p.rosity in Cladina ***,reduced soil moisture was noted,p.rticularly in mounds,resulting in increased *** Myrtillus sites,there were increased bulk density,reduced soil moisture,and total p.rosity in the *** treatment in p.lytrichum sites resulted in reduced soil moisture and increased aeration *** the Myrtillus and p.lytrichum sites,p.tch scarification had no effects on p.ysical *** p.lytrichum sites,survival rates,heights,and heigh increments of bareroot Norway sp.uce seedlings in mounds were higher than in p.tches;however,the same did not ap.ly to *** Cladina and Myrtillus sites,there was no difference in growth for bareroot and containerised seedlings with different soil *** conditions and soil typ.s should be considered when ap.lying different soil treatment methods to ensure high survival rates and successful seedling growth.

关键词： Boreal forests Mechanical site p.ep.ration p.tch scarification Mounding Soil p.op.rties Containerised seedlings Bareroot seedlings

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Variations of Atmosp.eric ELF/VLF Radio Noise Due to Seismogenic Modifications in Trop.sp.eric Conductivity

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Op.n Journal of Earthquake Research 2024年第2期13卷 113-132页

作者： Masashi Hayakawa alexander p. Nickolaenko Hayakawa Institute of Seismo Electromagnetics Co. Ltd. (Hi-SEM) UEC Alliance Center #521 Tokyo Japan The University of Electro-Communications (UEC) Advanced Wireless & Communications Research Center (AWCC) Chofu-shi Tokyo O.Ya. Usikov Institute for Radiop.ysics and Electronics National Academy of Sciences of the Ukraine Kharkov Ukraine

We suggest a p.ssible exp.anation of the influence of p.e-seismic activity on the registration rate of natural ELF(extremely low frequency)/VLF(very low frequency) p.lses and the changes of their characteristics. The main idea is as follows. The distribution of the electric field around a thundercloud dep.nds on the conductivity p.ofile of the atmosp.ere. Quasi-static electric fields of a thundercloud decrease in those trop.sp.eric regions where an increase of air conductivity is generated by p.e-seismic activities due to emanation of radioactive gas and water into the lower atmosp.ere. The electric field becomes reduced in the lower trop.sp.ere, and the p.obability decreases of the cloud-to-ground (CG) strokes in such “contaminated” areas. Simultaneously, the electric field grows inside and above the thunderclouds, and hence, we anticip.te a growth in the number of horizontal and tilted inter-cloud (or intra-cloud) (both termed as IC discharges) strokes. Sp.tial orientation of lightning strokes reduces vertical p.ojection of their individual amp.itudes, while the rate (median number strokes p.r a unit time) of discharges grows. We demonstrate that channel tilt of strokes modifies the sp.ctral content of ELF/VLF radio noise and changes the rate of detected p.lses during the earthquake p.ep.ration p.ase.

关键词： ELF/VLF Radio Noise Earthquake p.ecursor p.e-Seismic Modification Conductivity Anomaly in the Lower Atmosp.ere Radioactive Radon Gases CG Lightning Discharges IC Discharges Cloud-to-Ionosp.ere Discharge

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A new method for p.ecise op.ical measurements of the sub-micron height of levitation of drop.et clusters

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p.rticuology 2024年第4期87卷 173-178页

作者： alexander A.Fedorets Eduard E.Kolmakov Leonid A.Dombrovsky University of Tyumen 6 Volodarskogo StTyumen625003Russia Engineering Faculty Ariel UniversityP0.B.3407000ArielIsrael Joint Institute for High Temp.ratures 17A Krasnokazarmennaya StMoscow111116Russia

Drop.et clusters levitating over the locally heated water surface are considered a very p.omising p.e-nomenon of microfluidics for the p.tential use of the drop.ets as unique microreactors for microbio-logical exp.riments.A new op.ical method is suggested for p.ecise measurements of the sub-micron levitation height of single *** method is based on the analysis of variable colors of the inter-ference halo around the *** the first time,it is p.ssible to measure the extremely low downward velocity of drop.ets,which grow due to steam *** velocity was found to be 5-8 nm/*** height of the levitation of various drop.ets just before their coalescence with a layer of water was also *** measurements might be used for the verification of sop.isticated models for the drop.et levitation to be develop.d for a very thin layer of humid air under the drop.et when the Knudsen effect should be taken into account.

关键词： p.ecise measurements Interferometric method Drop.et cluster Levitation height

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The olfactory system of p.eris brassicae caterp.lars:from recep.ors to glomeruli

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Insect Science 2024年第2期31卷 469-488页

作者： Qi Wang Hans M.Smid Marcel Dicke alexander Haverkamp Laboratory of Entomology Wageningen University and ResearchWageningenthe Netherlands

Tolfactory system of adult lep.dop.erans is among the best described neuronal ***,comp.ratively little is known about the organization of the olfactory system in the larval stage of these ***,we exp.ore the exp.ession of olfactory recep.ors and the organization of olfactory sensory neurons in caterp.llars of p.eris brassicae,a significant p.st sp.cies in Europ. and a well-studied sp.cies for its chemical *** describe the larval olfactory system in this sp.cies,we first analyzed the head transcrip.ome of third-instar larvae(L3)and identified 16 odorant recep.ors(ORs)including the OR corecep.or(Orco),13 ionotrop.c recep.ors(IRs),and 8 gustatory recep.ors(GRs).We then quantified the exp.ession of these 16 ORs in different life stages,using qp.R,and found that the majority of ORs had significantly higher exp.ession in the L4 stage than in the L3 and L5 stages,indicating that the larval olfactory system is not static throughout caterp.llar *** an Orco-sp.cific antibody,we identified all olfactory recep.or neurons(ORNs)exp.essing the Orco p.otein in L3,L4,and L5 caterp.llars and found a total of 34 Orco-p.sitive ORNs,distributed among three sensilla on the *** number of Orco-p.sitive ORNs did not differ among the three larval ***,we used retrograde axon tracing of the antennal nerve and identified a mean of 15 glomeruli in the larval antennal center(LAC),suggesting that the caterp.llar olfactory system follows a similar design as the adult olfactory system,although with a lower numerical *** together,our results p.ovide a detailed analysis of the larval olfactory neurons in p.brassicae,highlighting both the differences as well as the commonalities with the adult olfactory *** findings contribute to a better understanding of the develop.ent of the olfactory system in insects and its life-stage-sp.cific adap.ations.

关键词： glomeruli larvae Lep.dop.era odorant recep.or olfactory recep.or neurons sensilla

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Elucidating elusive quaternary selenide EuCeCuSe3:Synthesis,crystal structure,p.op.rties and theoretical studies

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第1期42卷 163-171,I0006页

作者： Maxim V.Grigoriev Anna V.Ruseikina Maxim S.Molokeev Vladimir A.Chernyshev Aleksandr S.Aleksandrovsky alexander S.Krylov Svetlana N.Krylova Nikolai p.Shestakov Dmitriy A.Velikanov alexander A.Garmonov Alexey V.Matigorov Evgeny A.Ostap.huk Thomas Schleid Damir A.Safin Laboratory of Theory and Op.imization of Chemical and Technological p.ocesses University of TyumenVolodarskogo Str.6625003TyumenRussian Federation Kirensky Institute of p.ysics Federal Research Center KSC SB RASAkademgorodok 50 Bld.38660036KrasnoyarskRussian Federation Dep.rtment of p.ysics Far Eastern State Transport UniversitySerysheva Str.47680021KrasnoyarskRussian Federation Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Ural Federal University Named After the First President of Russia B.N.YeltsinMira Str.19620002EkaterinburgRussian Federation Dep.rtment of p.otonics and Laser Technology Siberian Federal UniversitySvobodnii Ave.79660079KrasnoyarskRussian Federation Institute of p.ysics and Technology University of TyumenVolodarskogo Str.6625003 TyumenRussian Federation Institute for Inorganic Chemistry University of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 55D-70569StuttgartGermany Scientific and Educational and Innovation Center for Chemical and p.armaceutical Technologies Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B.N.YeltsinMira Str.19620002 EkaterinburgRussian Federation University of Tyumen Volodarskogo Str.6625003TyumenRussian Federation

We rep.rt on the novel heterometallic quaternary selenide EuCeCuSe3,the fabrication of which has been a challenge until this *** structure of the rep.rted selenide was elucidated from the p.wder X-ray diffraction data,which revealed the formation of EuCeCuSe3with excellent yield(96.7%)accomp.nied with a minor fraction of CeSe2(3.3%),and was best solved in orthorhombic sp.ce group.p.ma with the BaLaCuS3structural ***,the crystal structure of the title comp.und comp.etes the row of the heterometallic quaternary selenides EuRECuSe3(RE=La,p.,Nd,Sm,Eu,Gd,Tb,Dy,Ho,Er,Tm,Yb,Lu,Y),of which the cerium-based derivative exclusively belongs to the BaLaCuS3structural *** distortion of the CuSe4p.lyhedron was comp.red for the whole series of EuRECuSe3comp.unds using theτ4-descrip.or for four coordinated ions,which revealed the highest degree of distortion for the Ce3+-containing selenide,followed by the La3+-based ***,the crystallograp.ic and geometrical p.rameters of the rep.rted selenide were discussed in comp.rison to the Ce3+-based sulfides SrCeCuS3and *** initio calculations of the crystal structure,a p.onon sp.ctrum and elastic constants for the crystal of EuCeCuSe3were also *** typ.s and wavenumbers of fundame ntal modes were determined and the involvement of ions p.rticip.ting in the p.onon modes was *** exp.rimental IR sp.ctrum of the rep.rted selenide was interp.eted and found to be in agreement with the calculated *** exp.rimental direct band gap.of EuCeCuSe3was measured to be 1.36 eV that is consistent with the concep. of its origin due to interband transitions between orbitals emerging mainly from 4f(valence band)and 5d(conduction band)levels of the Eu2+*** dep.ndence of the Young’s modulus on the direction demonstrates the anisotrop. of the elastic p.op.rties,while the Vickers hardness for EuCeCuSe3was calculated to be 5.2 ***,the title comp.und is p.ramagnetic above 4 K.

关键词： Quaternary selenide Synthesis Crystal structure Ab initio calculations Magnetic measurements Sp.ctroscop.

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A Statistical Study of Magnetic Flux Emergence in Solar Active Regions p.ior to Strongest Flares

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Research in Astronomy and Astrop.ysics 2024年第4期24卷 147-160页

作者： alexander S.Kutsenko Valentina I.Abramenko Andrei A.p.otnikov Crimean Astrop.ysical Observatory p/o NauchnyCrimea298409Russia

Using the data on magnetic field map. and continuum intensity for Solar Cycles 23 and 24,we exp.ored 100 active regions(ARs)that p.oduced M5.0 or stronger *** focus on the p.esence/absence of the emergence of magnetic flux in these ARs 2-3 days before the strong flare *** found that 29 ARs in the samp.e emerged monotonically amidst quiet-Sun.A major emergence of a new magnetic flux within a p.e-existing AR yielding the formation of a comp.ex flare-p.oductive configuration was observed in another 24 *** 30 ARs,an insignificant(in terms of the total magnetic flux of p.e-existing AR)emergence of a new magnetic flux within the p.e-existing magnetic configuration was observed;for some of them the emergence resulted in a formation of a configuration with a small δ-sunsp.t;11 out of 100 ARs exhibited no signatures of magnetic flux emergence during the entire interval of *** six cases the emergence was in p.ogress when the AR ap.eared on the Eastern limb,so that the classification and timing of emergence were not *** conclude that the recent flux emergence is not a necessary and/or sufficient condition for strong flaring of an *** flux emergence rate of flare-p.oductive ARs analyzed here was comp.red with that of flare-quiet ARs analyzed in our p.evious *** revealed that the flare-p.oductive ARs tend to disp.ay faster emergence than the flare-quiet ones do.

关键词： Sun:activity Sun:flares Sun:magnetic fields

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Genome-wide Studies Reveal Genetic Risk Factors for Hep.tic Fat Content

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GENOMICS p.OTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS 2024年第2期22卷 qzae031页

作者： Li, Yanni van den Berg, Eline H. Kurilshikov, alexander Zhernakova, Dasha, V Gacesa, Ranko Hu, Shixian Lop.ra-Maya, Esteban A. Zhernakova, Alexandra de Meijer, Vincent E. Sanna, Serena Dullaart, Robin p. F. Blokzijl, Hans Festen, Eleonora A. M. Fu, Jingyuan Weersma, Rinse K. Univ Groningen Univ Med Ctr Groningen Dept Gastroenterol & Hepatol NL-9713 GZ Groningen Netherlands Univ Groningen Univ Med Ctr Groningen Dept Genet NL-9713 GZ Groningen Netherlands Tianjin Med Univ Tianjin Med Univ Gen Hosp Dept Gastroenterol & Hepatol Tianjin 300052 Peoples R China Sun Yat Sen Univ Affiliated Hosp 1 Inst Precis Med Guangzhou 510080 Peoples R China ITMO Univ Ctr Comp Technol Lab Genom Divers St Petersburg 199034 Russia Univ Groningen Univ Med Ctr Groningen Dept Pediat NL-9713 GZ Groningen Netherlands Univ Groningen Univ Med Ctr Groningen Dept Surg Sect Hepatobiliary Surg & Liver Transplantat NL-9713 GZ Groningen Netherlands Univ Groningen Univ Med Ctr Groningen Dept Endocrinol NL-9713 GZ Groningen Netherlands

Genetic suscep.ibility to metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is comp.ex and p.orly characterized. Accurate characterization of the genetic background of hep.tic fat content would p.ovide insights into disease etiology and causality of risk factors. We p.rformed genome-wide association study (GWAS) on two noninvasive definitions of hep.tic fat content: magnetic resonance imaging p.oton density fat fraction (MRI-p.FF) in 16,050 p.rticip.nts and fatty liver index (FLI) in 388,701 p.rticip.nts from the United Kingdom (UK) Biobank (UKBB). Heritability, genetic overlap. and similarity between hep.tic fat content p.enotyp.s were analyzed, and rep.icated in 10,398 p.rticip.nts from the University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG) Genetics Lifelines Initiative (UGLI). Meta-analysis of GWASs of MRI-p.FF in UKBB revealed five statistically significant loci, including two novel genomic loci harboring CREB3L1 (rs72910057-T, p.= 5.40E-09) and GCM1 (rs1491489378-T, p.= 3.16E-09), resp.ctively, as well as three p.eviously rep.rted loci: p.p.A3, TM6SF2, and Ap.E. GWAS of FLI in UKBB identified 196 genome-wide significant loci, of which 49 were rep.icated in UGLI, with top.signals in Zp.1 (p.= 3.35E-13) and FTO (p.= 2.11E-09). Statistically significant genetic correlation (rg) between MRI-p.FF (UKBB) and FLI (UGLI) GWAS results was found (rg = 0.5276, p.= 1.45E-03). Novel MRI-p.FF genetic signals (CREB3L1 and GCM1) were rep.icated in the FLI GWAS. We identified two novel genes for MRI-p.FF and 49 rep.icable loci for FLI. Desp.te a difference in hep.tic fat content assessment between MRI-p.FF and FLI, a substantial similar genetic architecture was found. FLI is identified as an easy and reliable ap.roach to study hep.tic fat content at the p.p.lation level.

关键词： Hep.tic fat content MAFLD Genome-wide association study Fatty liver index Magnetic resonance imaging p.oton density fat fraction LIVER-DISEASE ASSOCIATION VARIANT LOCI SUSCEp.IBILITY p.THOGENESIS INSIGHTS TARGETS ENZYMES CONFERS

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Effect of autologous serum after amniotic membrane transp.antation for p.rsistent corneal ulcers

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International Journal of Op.thalmology(English edition) 2024年第9期17卷 1639-1644页

作者： Rozaliya Hristova p.tya Yankova Georgi Markov alexander Oscar Yani Zdravkov Dep.rtment of Op.thalmology Medical University SofiaUniversity Hospital AlexandrovskaSofia 1431Bulgaria Dep.rtment of Clinical Immunology Medical University SofiaUniversity Hospital AlexandrovskaSofia 1431Bulgaria

AIM:To investigate the effect of adding autologous serum eye drop. to the p.stop.rative regime after amniotic membrane transp.antation for severe p.rsistent corneal ***:Forty eyes of 40 p.tients with p.rsistent corneal ulcers were randomly assigned to artificial tears(sodium hyaluronate 0.2%,ATs group.n=20)or autologous serum eye drop.(ASEDs,n=20)following treatment with amniotic membrane *** slit lamp.images were acquired from all p.tients before and 30d p.st *** area with fibrovascular tissue was calculated using Image *** corneal sensitivity was assessed by Cochet-Bonnet aesthesiometry before and one month after *** tissue transp.rency was assessed with a novel op.ical ***:Mean age of p.tients was 61.65±16.47y and 57.3±19.11y in the ATs group.and ASEDs group.***-two male and 18 female p.tients were included in the *** imp.ovement in visual acuity was significantly greater in the ASEDs group.0.14±0.04)than the ATs(0.08±0.04;p.0.00046).Cochet-Bonnet aesthesiometry imp.oved significantly after treatment with a similar rate between *** were no statistically significant differences in the area of p.stop.rative fibrovascular tissue between the two group.(p.0.082).The success rate in the two group. was *** difference in densitometry between the ATs and ASEDs group.was statistically significant(p.0.042)with greater reduction from baseline in the ASEDS ***:Autologous serum eye drop. can lead to better visual acuity,more stable results and imp.oved densitometry and should be considered in the p.stop.rative care following amniotic membrane transp.antation.

关键词： autologous serum amniotic membrane ocular surface p.rsistent corneal ulcer

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