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A new View of the Mass Extinctions and the Worldwide Floods

International Journal of Geosciences 2020年第4期11卷 251-287页

作者： alexander n. Safronov Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics Russian Academy of Sciences/Pyzhevskii Per. 3 Moscow Russia

In this study, the reasons for mass extinction in Jurassic were investigated. It was shown that galactic compression led to the activation of terrestrial nuclear reactors, which in turn led to the changes in tectonic activity, volcano eruptions, LIPs, MORBs, paleoclimate change, drift of continents, narrowing of the Earth, worldwide floods, tsunami, changes in mantle and core structures, in magnetic fields and in sedimentary isotopes. It was shown that the mass extinctions occurred during worldwide floods, caused by the narrowing of the Earth at the time of galactic gravitational compression. It was shown that the average statistical altitude distribution of dinosaurs has a bimodal distribution and corresponds to permanent migrations between the plains and the hills. It has been suggested that the skeletons of dinosaurs are well preserved as a result of covering the bodies of dinosaurs with mud flows of coastal sediments and the soil layers at worldwide tsunami. It was formulated the requirement to paleontology, consisting in the obligatory registration of altitudes of the actual place of the fossils found. The simple explanation of the presence of boundaries in the structure of the Earth is given: the 40K nuclear layer corresponds to the boundary between upper and lower mantle;the 137Cs layer located on the boundary between the lower mantle and the outer core;the Th-U nuclear layer is a border between outer and inner core. The previously abstract theories of subduction and continents drift have a clear and obvious physical sense. It was shown that the standard geological table is a registration book of galactic events during Paleozoic. It is proposed to restore the structure of the galactic arms by the geological deposits on the Earth. It was suggested to create the stations on elevated hills for rescue and regeneration of biological forms in the future.

关键词： Planet Size Milky Way Galaxy natural nuclear Reactor Mass Extinction Sea Level Worldwide Flood Jurassic Fossils

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Intracellular Cholesterol Retention—new Target for Direct Anti-Atherosclerotic Therapy

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2013年第4期3卷 9-17页

作者： alexander n. Orekhov Institute for Atherosclerosis Research Skolkovo Innovative Center Moscow Russia

Accumulation of cholesterol in arterial cells, intracellular cholesterol retention, may be responsible for all major manifestations of atherosclerosis on a cellular level. Previously we have shown that intracellular cholesterol retention is the principal event in the genesis of atherosclerotic lesions. This allows us to consider cellular retention of cholesterol as a novel target for anti-atherosclerotic therapy. In this case the target is not the level of blood cholesterol but the level of cholesterol in vascular cells. This review describes our approach based on the use of cultured human arterial cells for the development of direct anti-atherosclerotic therapy. We use natural products as the basis of promising drugs for anti-atherosclerotic therapy. Using natural products, we have developed an approach to prevent intracellular cholesterol retention in cultured cells. Our knowledge of the mechanisms of atherosclerosis is the foundation on which we have developed drugs that have a direct anti-atherosclerotic effect, namely Allicor on the basis of garlic powder, anti-inflammatory drug Inflaminat (calendula, elder, and violet) possessing anti-cytokine activity and phytoestrogen-rich drug Karinat (garlic powder, extract of grape seeds, green tea leaves, hop cones, β-carotene, α-tocopherol, and ascorbic acid). Treatment with allicor or inflaminat has a direct anti-atherosclerotic effect on carotid atherosclerosis in asymptomatic men. Karinat prevents the development of carotid atherosclerosis in postmenopausal women. Thus, the main findings of our basic research have been successfully translated into clinical practice. As a result, this translation, a novel approach to the development of anti-atherosclerotic therapy, has been established. Our clinical trials have confirmed the suitability of innovative approach and the efficacy of novel drugs developed on the basis our methodology.

关键词： Allicor Anti-Atherosclerotic Therapy Atherosclerosis Cell Culture Drugs Imaging natural Products

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Direct anti-atherosclerotic therapy preventing intracellular cholesterol retention

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Health 2013年第7期5卷 11-18页

作者： alexander n. Orekhov Institute for Atherosclerosis Research Skolkovo Innovative Center Moscow Russia

The key initiating process in atherogenesis is the subendothelial cholesterol retention, which is both necessary and sufficient to provoke lesion initiation. Retention of cholesterol transported by low density lipoprotien (LDL) in subendothelial cells of arterial wall, is an absolute requirement for lesion development. This allows us to consider intracellular cholesterol retention as a novel target for anti-atherosclerotic therapy. In this case, the target is not the level of blood cholesterol but the level of cholesterol in vascular cells. This review summarizes the results of our basic studies shedding light on the mechanisms of intracellular cholesterol retention. We describe our cellular models to search for anti-atherosclerotic agents and demonstrate the use of these models for the development of anti-atherosclerotic drugs. We use natural products as the basis of anti-atherosclerotic drugs because anti-atherosclerotic therapy should be long-term or even lifelong. Using cellular models and natural products, we have developed an approach to prevent intracellular cholesterol retention in cultured subendothelial aortic cells. We have developed drugs that reduce intracellular cholesterol retention, namely Allicor on the basis of garlic powder, anti-inflammatory drug Inflaminat (calendula, elder, and violet) possessing anti-cytokine activity and phytoestrogen-rich drug Karinat (garlic powder, extract of grape seeds, green tea leaves, hop cones, β-carotene, α-tocopherol, and ascorbic acid). Treatment with Allicor or Inflaminat caused regression of carotid atherosclerosis in asymptomatic men. Karinat prevented the development of new atherosclerotic plaques in postmenopausal women. Thus, the main findings of our basic research have been successfully translated into clinics. As a result, this translation, a novel approach to the development of anti-atherosclerotic therapy, has been established. Our clinical trials have confirmed the suitability of innovative approach and

关键词： Allicor Anti-Atherosclerotic Therapy Atherosclerosis Cell Culture Drugs Imaging Intracellular Cholesterol Retention natural Products

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Probiotics and autoprobiotics for treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第20期11卷 4740-4751页

作者： natalia V Baryshnikova Anastasia S Ilina Elena I Ermolenko Yury P Uspenskiy alexander n Suvorov Department of Molecular Microbiology Institute of Experimental MedicineSt.Petersburg 197376Russia Internal Diseases Department of Stomatological Faculty Pavlov First St-Petersburg State Medical UniversitySt.Petersburg 197022Russia Laboratory of Medical and Social Pediatric Problems St-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical UniversitySt.Petersburg 194100Russia Clinical Department Institute of Experimental MedicineSt.Petersburg 197376Russia Department of Faculty Therapy named After V.A.Valdman St-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical UniversitySt.Petersburg 194100Russia

The article discusses various approaches for probiotic treatment of Helicobacter pylori(***)infection:Probiotics as an adjuvant treatment in the standard eradication therapy;probiotic strains as a monotherapy;and autoprobiotics as a *** refer to indigenous bifidobacteria,lactobacilli,or enterococci isolated from a specific individual,intended to restore his/her microbiota and improve his/her *** potential mechanisms of probiotic action against *** include correction of the gut microbiota,immunological effects(enhancement of humoral and cellular immunity,and reduction of oxidative stress),direct antagonistic effects against ***(such as colonization resistance and bacteriocin synthesis),and stimulation of local immunological protection(strengthening of the mucous protective barrier and reduction of gastric mucosa inflammation).The incorporation of probiotics into comprehensive eradication therapy shows promise in optimizing the treatment of *** *** can enhance the eradication rates of ***,reduce the occurrence and severity of side effects,and improve patient *** or autoprobiotic monotherapy can be considered as an alternative treatment approach in cases of allergic reactions and insufficient effectiveness of *** recommend including probiotics as adjunctive medications in *** ***,further randomized multicenter studies are necessary to investigate the effects of probiotics and autoprobiotics against ***,in order to gain a better understanding of their mechanisms of action.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Probiotic Autoprobiotic Eradication Microbiota Gut Immunity

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Exact Singularity Subtraction from Boundary Integral Equations in Modeling Vesicles and Red Blood Cells

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numerical Mathematics(Theory,Methods and Applications) 2014年第4期7卷 413-434页

作者： alexander Farutin Chaouqi Misbah UniversitéGrenoble I/CnRS Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique/UMR5588Grenoble F-38041France

The study of vesicles,capsules and red blood cells(RBCs)under flow is a field of active research,belonging to the general problematic of fluid/structure ***,we are interested in modeling vesicles,capsules and RBCs using a boundary integral formulation,and focus on exact singularity subtractions of the kernel of the integral equations in *** order to increase the precision of singular and near-singular integration,we propose here a refinement procedure in the vicinity of the pole of the Green-Oseen *** refinement is performed homogeneously everywhere on the source surface in order to reuse the additional quadrature nodes when calculating boundary integrals in multiple target *** also introduce a multi-level look-up algorithm in order to select the additional quadrature nodes in vicinity of the pole of the Green-Oseen *** expected convergence rate of the proposed algorithm is of order δ(1/n^(2))while the computational complexity is of order δ(n^(2) lnn),where n is the number of degrees of freedom used for surface *** numerical tests are presented to demonstrate the convergence and the efficiency of the method.

关键词： Stokes flow fluid structure interaction boundary integral method red blood cells singularity subtraction

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Atherosclerosis originating from childhood:Specific features

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Journal of Biomedical Research 2024年第3期38卷 233-240页

作者： Anastasia V.Poznyak Alexey A.Yakovlev MikhailА.Popov Elena B.Zhigmitova Vasily n.Sukhorukov alexander n.Orekhov Institute for Atherosclerosis Research Moscow 121609Russia Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology Moscow 109240Russia Department of Cardiac Surgery Moscow Regional Research and Clinical InstituteMoscow 129110Russia Laboratory of Angiopathology Institute of General Pathology and PathophysiologyMoscow 125315Russia

Atherosclerosis is extremely ***,it is considered a disease of older people,who most often experience problems with the heart and blood *** much attention from the scientific community has been paid to studying the association between aging and atherosclerosis,as well as its consequences,there is evidence that atherosclerosis occurs at an early *** may form both during intrauterine development and in *** plays an important role in childhood atherosclerosis,along with previous infectious diseases and excess weight of both the child and the *** the present review,we examined the development of atherosclerosis and the prerequisites in childhood.

关键词： atherosclerosis childhood pediatrics cardiovascular disease

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Structure, conductivity, and ion emission properties of RbAg4I5 solid electrolyte film prepared by pulsed laser deposition

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Chinese Physics B 2019年第6期28卷 126-130页

作者： Jun-Lian Chen Wen-Bin Zuo Xian-Wen Ke alexander B Tolstoguzov Can-Xin Tian neena Devi Ranjana Jha Gennady n Panin De-Jun Fu School of Printing and Packaging Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Shenzhen Institute of Wuhan University A302 Research Bldg.No.6 Aoxin 2nd Rd.Nanshan Hitech ZoneShenzhen 518057China Ryazan State Radio Engineering University Gagarin Str.59/1390005 RyazanRussia School of Physics and Technology Lingnan Normal UniversityZhanjiang 524048China Department of Physics Netaji Subhas Institute of TechnologyUniversity of DelhiDwarka Sector-3New Delhi 110078India Institute of Microelectronics Technology Russian Academy of SciencesChernogolovkaMoscow 142432Russia

We fabricated a silver ion emitter based on the solid state electrolyte film of RbAg4 I5 prepared by pulsed laser deposition. The RbAg4 I5 target for PLD process was mechano-chemically synthesized by high-energy ball milling in Ar atmosphere using β-AgI and RbI as raw materials. The ion-conducting properties of RbAg4 I5 were studied by alternating current(AC) impedance spectroscopy and the ionic conductivity at room temperature was estimated 0.21 S/m. The structure, morphology, and elemental composition of the RbAg4 I5 film were investigated. The Ag+ ion-conducting property of the prepared superioni-conductor film was exploited for ion–beam generation. The temperature and accelerating voltage dependences of the ion current were studied. Few nA current was obtained at the temperature of 196?C and the accelerating voltage of 10 kV.

关键词： RbAg4 I5 ball milling solid state electrolyte film ion–beam source ionic conductivity

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The mechanisms of color production in black skin versus red skin on the heads of new World vultures

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Avian Research 2023年第1期14卷 86-92页

作者： nicholas M.Justyn Matthew J.Powers Geoffrey E.Hill Kayla alexander Adrián naveda-Rodríguez Scott A.Rush Department of Biological Sciences Auburn UniversityAuburnALUSA College of Veterinary Medicine Mississippi State UniversityMississippiStateMSUSA Department of Wildlife Fisheriesand AquacultureMississippi State UniversityMississippi StateMSUSA

A determination of how the color of animal integument is produced is a starting point for investigations into the function and evolution of *** mechanisms that give rise to the color of bare skin of new World vultures are largely ***,we investigate the source of color production in the bare skin of Turkey Vultures(Cathartes aura)and Black Vultures(Coragyps atratus).Using UV-vis reflectance spectroscopy,we found evidence that hemoglobin is the primary pigment responsible for the red coloration of the bare skin on the heads of Turkey Vultures,and that eumelanin is responsible for the black coloration of the bare skin on the heads of Black *** microscopy of incisional skin samples further supported these mechanisms of color production by revealing the presence of numerous blood vessels near the surface of the Turkey Vulture skin,and a high concentration of melanosomes in the skin of Black *** high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC),we detected carotenoids within the skin of both species with significantly higher total concentrations of carotenoids in the skin of Turkey Vultures compared to the skin of Black *** carotenoids detected were dietary carotenoids that typically produce yellow coloration when accumulated in integument and were present in low *** hypothesize that the dietary carotenoids present do not contribute to the color of the skin,but rather help to compensate for the lack of melanosomes found in Turkey Vulture *** presence of additional carotenoids may act as an antioxidant to minimize UV damage when the bare Turkey Vulture head skin is exposed to direct sunlight for prolonged periods of time when soaring and scavenging for food.

关键词： Carotenoids Cathartes aura Coragyps atratus Hemoglobin High performance liquid chromatography Melanosomes Skin biopsies

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Submonolayer Eu superstructures—A class of 2D magnets

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nano Research 2023年第1期16卷 1500-1506页

作者： Dmitry V.Averyanov Ivan S.Sokolov alexander n.Taldenkov Oleg E.Parfenov Andrey M.Tokmachev Vyacheslav G.Storchak national Research Center“Kurchatov Institute” Kurchatov Sq.1Moscow 123182Russia

Two-dimensional(2D)magnetic materials promise unconventional properties and quantum phases as well as advances in ultracompact *** of 2D magnets often reaches a single monolayer but in general can go beyond this limit,as demonstrated by 2D magnetism of submonolayer Eu superstructures coupled with *** question is whether the submonolayer magnetism constitutes a general ***,we demonstrate that regular Eu lattices form a class of 2D magnets displaying various structures,stoichiometries,and chemical *** synthesized and studied a set of Eu superstructures on Ge(001).Their magnetic properties are consistent with the emergence of a magnetic order such as ferro-or *** particular,control over the magnetic transition temperature by weak magnetic fields indicates the 2D nature of the *** together,Eu/Ge and Eu/Si superstructures seed a nucleus of the research area addressing the emergence of magnetism in submonolayer chemical species.

关键词： two-dimensional(2D)magnetism submonolayer superstructure surface reconstruction germanium

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Creativity real and imagined in architectural education

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2014年第3期3卷 331-333页

作者： alexander Tzonis Department of Architecture University of Technology Delft Delft 2611 CE The Netherlands

Of all aspects of architecture what mystifies most the layman is the power of architects as ＇creators＇, their apparent capability to invent, conceive and construct ＇out of nothing＇ unprecedented daring forms.

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