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Development of current-induced scour beneath elevated subsea pipelines

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2018年第4期3卷 265-281页

作者： Jun Y.lee alexander l.forrest Fauzi A.Hardjanto Shuhong Chai Remo Cossu Zhi Q.leong National Centre for Maritime Engineering and Hydrodynamics Australian Maritime CollegeUniversity of TasmaniaLocked Bag 1395Launceston Tasmania 7250Australia Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of California-DavisDavisCA 95616United States School of Civil Engineering University of QueenslandSt Lucia Queensland 4072Australia

When scour occurs beneath a subsea pipeline and develops to a certain extent,the pipeline may experience vortex-induced vibrations,through which there can be a potential accumulation of fatigue ***,when a pipeline is laid on an uneven seabed,certain sections may have an elevation with respect to the far-field seabed,e o,at which the development of scour would *** work focused on predicting the development of the scour depth beneath subsea pipelines with an elevation under steady flow conditions.A range of pipe elevation-to-diameter ratios(i.e.0≤e o/D≤0.5)have been considered for laboratory experiments conducted in a sediment *** corresponding equilibrium scour depths and scour time scales were obtained;experimental data from published literature have been collected and added to the present study to produce a more complete analysis *** correlation between existing empirical equations for predicting the time scale and the experimental data was assessed,resulting in a new set of constants.A new manner of converting the scour time scale into a non-dimensional form was found to aid the empirical equations in attaining a better correlation to the experimental ***,a new empirical equation has also been proposed in this work,which accounts for the influence of e o/D on the non-dimensional scour time *** was found to have the best overall correlation with the experimental ***,full-scale predictions of the seabed gaps and time scales were made for the Tasmanian Gas Pipeline(TGP).

关键词： Scour time scale Equilibrium scour depth Subsea pipelines Pipe elevation Steady currents.

Parasites of the liver:A global problem?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第30期30卷 3554-3559页

作者： Vladislav V Tsukanov alexander V Vasyutin Julia l Tonkikh Clinical Department of the Digestive System Pathology of Adults and Children Federal Research Center“Krasnoyarsk Science Center”of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesScientific Research Institute of Medical Problems of the NorthKrasnoyarsk 660022Russia

Parasitic liver diseases can be caused by trematodes,cestodes,nematodes,and *** pathology is significant because millions of people in different parts of the world have liver parasites,which can manifest themselves in the development of inflammation,liver cysts,cholecystitis,cholelithiasis,pancreatitis and liver cirrhosis that are often threatening their *** International Agency for Research on Cancer considers three species of trematodes,Schistosoma haematobium,Opisthorchis viverrini and Clonorchis sinensis,to be *** modern examination methods,in some cases including extensive screening of large populations,are required for diagnosing liver *** of parasitic liver diseases is differentiated and can involve a combination of surgical and therapeutic *** is no doubt that the clinical and epidemiological scale allows one to regard parasitic liver diseases as a global healthcare problem.

关键词： liver Parasites Epidemiology Diagnosis Clinics Treatment Echinococcosis Opisthorchiasis Fascioliasis Schistosomiasis

A Converse Theorem for Split SO_(2l) over Finite Fields

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第3期40卷 731-771页

作者： alexander HAZElTINE Bai Ying lIU Department of Mathematics Purdue University150 N.University St.West LafayetteIN 47907USA E-mail:ahazelti@purdue.edu liu2053@purdue.edu

We prove a converse theorem for split even special orthogonal groups over finite *** is the only case left on converse theorems of classical groups and the difficulty is the existence of the outer automorphism. In thi... 详细信息

关键词： Converse theorems generic cuspidal representations even special orthogonal groups

COVID-19 vaccination produces exercise-responsive SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cells regardless of infection history

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 99-107页

作者： Kyle A.Smith Tiffany M.Zúñiga forrest l.Baker Helena Batatinha Charles R.Pedlar Shane C.Burgess Michael P.Gustafson Emmanuel Katsanis Richard J.Simpson School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA Department of Pediatrics The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA Faculty of Sport Allied Health and Performance ScienceSt.Mary's UniversityTwickenham TW14SXUK Institute of Sport Exercise and Health University College LondonLondon WC1E 7HUUK Department of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA The University of Arizona Cancer Center The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85719USA laboratory Medicine and Pathology Mayo Clinic ArizonaPhoenixAZ 85054USA Department of Immunobiology The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA Department of Medicine The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA Department of Pathology The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA

Background:The mobilization and redistribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)specific T-cells and neutralizing antibodies(nAbs)during exercise is purported to increase immune surveillance and protect against severe coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).We sought to determine if COVID-19 vaccination would elicit exercise-responsive SARS-CoV-2 T-cells and transiently alter nAb ***:Eighteen healthy participants completed a 20-min bout of graded cycling exercise before and/or after receiving a COVID-19 *** major leukocyte subtypes were enumerated before,during,and after exercise by flow cytometry,and immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 were determined using whole blood peptide stimulation assays,T-cell receptor(TCR)-βsequencing,and SARS-CoV-2 nAb ***:COVID-19 vaccination had no effect on the mobilization or egress of major leukocyte subsets in response to intensity-controlled graded ***,non-infected participants had a significantly reduced mobilization of CD4+and CD8+naive T-cells,as well as CD4+central memory T-cells,after vaccination(synthetic immunity group);this was not seen after vaccination in those with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection(hybrid immunity group).Acute exercise after vaccination robustly mobilized SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cells to blood in an intensity-dependent *** groups mobilized T-cells that reacted to spike protein;however,only the hybrid immunity group mobilized T-cells that reacted to membrane and nucleocapsid *** increased significantly during exercise only in the hybrid immunity ***:These data indicate that acute exercise mobilizes SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cells that recognize spike protein and increases the redistribution of nAbs in individuals with hybrid immunity.

关键词： Anti-viral COVID-19 Exercise immunology SARS-CoV-2 T-Cells Vaccine

Review on the plastic instability of medium -Mn steels for identifying the formation mechanisms of lüders and Portevin -le Chatelier bands

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第6期31卷 1285-1297页

作者： Bin Hu Han Sui Qinghua Wen Zheng Wang alexander Gramlich Haiwen luo School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Steel Institute RWTH Aachen UniversityIntzestraße 152072 AachenGermany

Plastic instability,including both the discontinuous yielding and stress serrations,has been frequently observed during the tensile deformation of medium-Mn steels(MMnS)and has been intensively studied in recent ***,research results are controversial,and no consensus has been achieved regarding the ***,we first summarize all the possible factors that affect the yielding and flow stress serrations in MMnS,including the morphology and stability of austenite,the feature of the phase interface,and the deformation ***,we propose a universal mechanism to explain the conflicting experimental *** conclude that the discontinuous yielding can be attributed to the lack of mobile dislocation before deformation and the rapid dislocation multiplication at the beginning of plastic ***,the results show that the stress serrations are formed due to the pinning and depinning between dislocations and interstitial atoms in ***-induced martensitic transformation,influenced by the mechanical stability of austenite grain and deformation parameters,should not be the intrinsic cause of plastic ***,it can intensify or weaken the discontinuous yielding and the stress serrations by affecting the mobility and density of dislocations,as well as the interaction between the interstitial atoms and dislocations in austenite grains.

关键词： medium manganese steel discontinuous yielding stress serrations retained austenite dislocations

The olfactory system of Pieris brassicae caterpllars:from receptors to glomeruli

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Insect Science 2024年第2期31卷 469-488页

作者： Qi Wang Hans M.Smid Marcel Dicke alexander Haverkamp laboratory of Entomology Wageningen University and ResearchWageningenthe Netherlands

Tolfactory system of adult lepidopterans is among the best described neuronal ***,comparatively little is known about the organization of the olfactory system in the larval stage of these ***,we explore the expression of olfactory receptors and the organization of olfactory sensory neurons in caterpillars of Pieris brassicae,a significant pest species in Europe and a well-studied species for its chemical *** describe the larval olfactory system in this species,we first analyzed the head transcriptome of third-instar larvae(l3)and identified 16 odorant receptors(ORs)including the OR coreceptor(Orco),13 ionotropic receptors(IRs),and 8 gustatory receptors(GRs).We then quantified the expression of these 16 ORs in different life stages,using qPCR,and found that the majority of ORs had significantly higher expression in the l4 stage than in the l3 and l5 stages,indicating that the larval olfactory system is not static throughout caterpillar *** an Orco-specific antibody,we identified all olfactory receptor neurons(ORNs)expressing the Orco protein in l3,l4,and l5 caterpillars and found a total of 34 Orco-positive ORNs,distributed among three sensilla on the *** number of Orco-positive ORNs did not differ among the three larval ***,we used retrograde axon tracing of the antennal nerve and identified a mean of 15 glomeruli in the larval antennal center(lAC),suggesting that the caterpillar olfactory system follows a similar design as the adult olfactory system,although with a lower numerical *** together,our results provide a detailed analysis of the larval olfactory neurons in P brassicae,highlighting both the differences as well as the commonalities with the adult olfactory *** findings contribute to a better understanding of the development of the olfactory system in insects and its life-stage-specific adaptations.

关键词： glomeruli larvae lepidoptera odorant receptor olfactory receptor neurons sensilla

Cluster Analysis of the Roma-BZCAT Blazars

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第5期24卷 117-139页

作者： Dmitry O.Kudryavtsev Yulia V.Sotnikova Vladislav A.Stolyarov Timur V.Mufakharov Valery V.Vlasyuk Margarita l.Khabibullina alexander G.Mikhailov Yulia V.Cherepkova Special Astrophysical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences Nizhny Arkhyz 369167Russia Astrophysics Group Cavendish LaboratoryUniversity of CambridgeCambridge CB3 OHEUK Kazan Federal University 18 Kremlyovskaya StKazan 420008Russia

Based on the collected multiwavelength data, namely in the radio(NVSS, FIRST, RATAN-600), IR(WISE),optical(Pan-STARRS), UV(GAlEX), and X-ray(ROSAT, Swift-XRT) ranges, we have performed a cluster analysis for the blazars of the Roma-BZCAT catalog. Using two machine learning methods, namely a combination of PCA with k-means clustering and Kohonen's self-organizing maps(SOMs), we have constructed an independent classification of the blazars(five classes) and compared the classes with the known Roma-BZCAT classification(FSRQs, Bl lacs, galaxy-dominated Bl lacs, and blazars of an uncertain type) as well as with the high synchrotron peaked(HSP) blazars from the 3HSP catalog and blazars from the TeVCat catalog. The obtained groups demonstrate concordance with the Bl lac/FSRQ classification along with a continuous character of the change in the properties. The group of HSP blazars stands out against the overall distribution. We examine the characteristics of the five groups and demonstrate distinctions in their spectral energy distribution shapes. The effectiveness of the clustering technique for objective analysis of multiparametric arrays of experimental data is demonstrated.

关键词： methods data analysis-galaxies active-(galaxies:)Bl lacertae objects general

A novel diagnostic gene region for distinguishing between two pest fruit flies:Bactrocera tryoni(Froggatt)and Bactrocera neohumeralis(Hardy)(Diptera:Tephritidae)

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1285-1295页

作者： Melissa l.Starkie Elizabeth V.Fowler alexander M.Piper Xiaocheng Zhu Pauline Wyatt David Gopurenko Matt N.Krosch Francesca Strutt Karen F.Armstrong Hamish Patrick Mark K.Schutze Mark J.Blacket Department of Agriculture and Fisheries BiosecurityBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Agriculture Victoria AgriBioBundooraVictoriaAustralia Department of Primary Industries Wagga Wagga Agricultural InstituteWagga WaggaNew South WalesAustralia Forensic Services Group Queensland Police ServiceBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Department of Pest-management and Conservation Lincoln UniversityLincolnNew Zealand Better Border Biosecurity(B3 B3nz.org.nz)LincolnNew Zealand

Bactrocera tryoni and Bactrocera neohumeralis are morphologically similar sibling pest fruit fly species that possess different biological attributes,geographic distributions,and host *** need to differentiate between the two species is critical for accurate pest status assessment,management,biosecurity,and maintenance of reference *** morphologically similar,adults may be separated based on subtle characters;however,some characters exhibit intraspecific variability,creating overlap between the two ***,there is currently no single molecular marker or rapid diagnostic assay that can reliably distinguish between *** and ***;therefore,ambiguous samples remain *** we report the first molecular marker that can consistently distinguish between *** and *** diagnostic region consists of two adjacent single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)within the pangolin(pan)gene *** confirmed the genotypes of each species are consistent across their distributional range,then developed a tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system(ARMS)PCR assay for rapid diagnosis of the *** assay utilizes four primers in multiplex,with two outer universal primers,and two internal primers:one designed to target two adjacent SNPs(AA)present in *** and the other targeting adjacent SNPs present in ***(GG).The assay accurately discriminates between the two species,but their SNP genotypes are shared with other nontarget tephritid fruit fly ***,this assay is most suited to adult diagnostics where species confirmation is necessary in determining ambiguous surveillance trap catches;maintaining pure colony lines;and in Sterile Insect Technique management responses.

关键词： ARMS-PCR colony molecular diagnostics pangolin tetra-primer

An Automated,Highly Selective Reaction Monitoring Instrument Using Molecular Rotational Resonance Spectroscopy

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Precision Chemistry 2024年第2期2卷 57-62页

作者： Ann Adele Byars Khushi R.Kompally Emily Mechnick Reilly E.Sonstrom alexander Mikhonin Justin l.Neill Ruth Boetzel James MacGregor Courtney Talicska Jian li Yizhou liu BrightSpec Inc.CharlottesvilleVirginia 22903United States Pfizer R&D UK limited Sandwich CT139NJUnited Kingdom Analytical Research and Development Pfizer Research and DevelopmentGrotonConnecticut 06340United States

Online monitoring of chemical reactions by using analytical chemistry tools is a powerful way to maximize control over these *** this paper,we demonstrate the use of molecular rotational resonance,an emerging and extraordinarily selective spectroscopic technique,to perform automated reaction monitoring *** interface using a six-port valve with a calibrated sample loop,coupled to a temperature controlled inlet for analyte volatilization,was developed and *** reactions were chosen for initial characterization:an amine-aldehyde condensation reaction to form an imine product and an isotopic exchange reaction of aβ-ketoester with keto-enol *** spectrometer was able to provide kinetic information about the reaction and determine reaction *** the future,this system can be extended to detect and quantify impurities and characterize reaction selectivity,in addition to the reaction progress.

关键词： molecular rotational resonance spectroscopy reaction monitoring reaction kinetics isotopes process analytical technology