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Feeding broiler chickens with arginine above recommended levels:effects on growth performance,metabolism,and intestinal microbiota

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第4期14卷 1528-1541页

作者： Giorgio Brugaletta Marco Zampiga Luca Laghi Valentina Indio Chiara Oliveri alessandra de cesare Federico Sirri department of Agricultural and Food Sciences Alma Mater Studiorum-University of BolognaOzzano Dell’Emilia40064 BolognaItaly department of Veterinary Medical Sciences Alma Mater Studiorum-University of BolognaOzzano Dell’Emilia40064 BolognaItaly department of Physics and Astronomy Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna40127 BolognaItaly

Background Arginine is an essential amino acid for chickens and feeding diets with arginine beyond the recommended levels has been shown to influence the growth performance of broiler chickens in a positive way.Nonetheless,further research is required to understand how arginine supplementation above the widely adopted dosages affects metabolism and intestinal health of broilers.Therefore,this study was designed to assess the effects of arginine supplementation(i.e.,total arginine to total lysine ratio of 1.20 instead of 1.06-1.08 recommended by the breeding company) on growth performance of broiler chickens and to explore its impacts on the hepatic and blood metabolic profiles,as well as on the intestinal microbiota.For this purpose,630 one-day-old male Ross 308 broiler chicks were assigned to 2 treatments(7 replicates each) fed a control diet or a crystalline L-arginine-supplemented diet for 49 d.Results Compared to control birds,those supplemented with arginine performed significantly better exhibiting greater final body weight at D49(3778 vs.3937 g;P detes and Lactobacillus salivarius were found in the caecal content of supplemented birds.Conclusions The improvement in growth performance corroborates the advantages of supplementing arginine in broiler nutrition.It can be hypothesized that the performance enhancement found in this study is associated with the increased availability of arginine,betaine,histid

关键词： Arginine Broiler chicken Growth performance Metabolism Microbiota

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Antihypertensive Effect of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors and Glucagon-like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists

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Cardiology Discovery 2024年第1期4卷 38-42页

作者： Marijana Tadic cesare Cuspidi Klinik für Innere Medizin II Universitätsklinikum UlmUlm 89081Germany department of Medicine and Surgery University of Milano-BicoccaMilano 20126Italy

An increasing body of evidence shows that new antidiabetic drugs—particularly sodium-glucose cotransporter 2(SGLT2)inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide 1(GLP-1)receptor agonists—have a beneficial effect on cardiovascular outcome.The majority of these studies have been performed in patients with heart failure and the results have shown first positive effect on blood pressure(BP)reduction.These effects are more pronounced with SGLT2 inhibitors than with GLP-1 receptor agonists.However,the reasons and mechanisms of action inducing BP reduction are still not sufficiently clear.Proposed mechanisms of SGLT2 inhibitors involve the natriuretic effect,modification of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system,and/or the reduction in the sympathetic nervous system.GLP-1 receptor agonists have several mechanisms that are related to glycemic,weight,and BP control.Current data show that SGLT2 inhibitors have a stronger antihypertensive effect than GLP-1 receptor agonists,which is mainly related to their renal effect.Briefly,SGLT2 inhibitors increase the response to diuretics and decrease the meal-related antinatriuretic pressure by lowering post-prandial hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia and prevent proximal sodium reabsorption.SGLT2 inhibitors can be used as second-line therapy in patients with diabetes mellitus or heart disease and concomitant hypertension.This article aims to summarize current knowledge regarding the antihypertensive effect of SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists.

关键词： Hypertension Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists Blood pressure

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Investigating epithelial-neuronal signaling contribution in visceral pain through colon organoid-dorsal root ganglion neuron co-cultures

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1199-1200页

作者： Francesco Margiotia Lorenzo Di cesare Mannelli Antonino Morabito Carla Ghelardini Elena Lucarini department of Neuroscience Psychology Drug Research and Child Health-NEUROFARBA-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section University of Florence department of Neuroscience Psychology Drug Research and Child Health-NEUROFARBA University of Florence 3. Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS

Abdominal pain is a common symptom associated with irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel diseases(IBDs), affecting about 20% of the global population(Grundy et al., 2019). Current pain therapies are poorly effective on visceral pain of intestinal origin and present several side effects, hence the need to identify novel molecular and cellular targets for drug development. The pathophysiology of visceral-abdominal pain,

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Use of bio-based products towards more sustainable road paving binders: A state-of-the-art review

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Journal of Road Engineering 2024年第2期4卷 151-162页

作者： Alessio Musco Giulia Tarsi Piergiorgio Tataranni Ernesto Salzano cesare Sangiorgi department of Civil ChemicalEnvironmental and Materials Engineering(DICAM)Alma Mater Studiorum-University of BolognaBologna 40131Italy

Many industrial sectors exploit fossil sources to develop useful and necessary materials for our needs,such as bituminous paving materials.Bitumen,a key component of asphalt mixtures,is derived from oil refining and its properties are influenced by the crude oil source and refining process,resulting in a significant carbon footprint.With growing awareness of resource depletion and environmental concerns,pavement researchers are exploring sustainable alternatives to reduce dependence on fossil sources.This includes a rising trend in using renewable materials like biomasses to produce bio-based binders as substitutes for bitumen,aiming for a more sustainable approach.Biomasses,including vegetal and animal wastes,and waste cooking oils,as substitutes for crude oil in the production of bio-binders.Through thermochemical conversion(TCC),such as pyrolysis,biomasses can be converted into bio-char and bio-oils,which can replace fossil-based components in binders.Researchers have utilized these bio-products to reduce the dependency on fossil fuels in binders.However,there are no set minimum requirements for bio-components in bio-based binders.As the percentage of replaced bitumen increases,various types of binders are produced,including modified bitumen,extended bitumen,and alternative binders,where the fossil replacement is gradual.Overall rheological tests on bio-binders,reveal that those containing biochar exhibit increased viscosity,stiffness,rutting resistance,and sometimes antioxidant properties.Conversely,bio-binders with bio-oils as bitumen substitutes show poorer performance at high temperatures but improved behavior at low temperatures.These results suggest that bio-binders could provide versatile solutions for various climatic and loading conditions in road construction.However,the development of pavement mixtures based on bio-binders has not been studied in depth and requires further attention to unlock its full potential.As sustainability considerations,including life cycle assessments(LCA)and life cycle cost

关键词： Biomass Chemical process Bitumen replacement Bio-binder Paving material

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Commentary on“Synchronized activity of sensory neurons initiates cortical synchrony in a model of neuropathic pain”

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 728-728页

作者： Lorenzo Di cesare Mannelli Carla Ghelardini department of Neuroscience PsychologyDrug Research and Child Health-Neurofarba-Section of Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of Florence

In pat i e nt s,a s well as in animal mod e l s,hypersensitivity to external stimuli(hyperalgesia and allodynia)or spontaneous pain is often the first,and the most disabling,symptom of neuropathy(Davis et al.,2020).The increased activity of sensitive neurons drives pain development,making ion channel modulation a fundamental target for current pharmacotherapy as well as one of the most investigated by the R&D departments of pharmaceutical companies(Bennett et al.,2019).

关键词： companies pain ent

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device-assisted enteroscopy: Are we ready to dismiss the spiral?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第26期30卷 3185-3192页

作者： Alessandro Mussetto Elettra Merola cesare Casadei Daniele Salvi Fabiola Fornaroli Silvia Cocca Margherita Trebbi Armando Gabbrielli Cristiano Spada Andrea Michielan department of Gastroenterology S Maria della Croci HospRavenna 48121Italy department of Gastroenterology Unit G.B.Grassi Hospital(ASL Roma 3)Roma 00122Italy Section of Digestive Endoscopy and Gastroenterology Fondazione PoliambulanzaBrescia 25124Italy Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of ParmaParma 43125Italy Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico di ModenaModena 41121Italy Center for Medical Sciences(CISMed) University of TrentoTrento 38122Italy Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Unit Santa Chiara HospitalAzienda Provinciale per i Servizi SanitariTrento 38122Italy Digestive Endoscopy Unit Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A.Gemelli IRCSSRoma 00168Italy

Motorized spiral enteroscopy(MSE)is the latest advance in device-assisted enteroscopy.Adverse events related to MSE were discussed in a recent large systematic review and meta-analysis and were directly compared with those of balloon enteroscopy in a case-matched study and a randomized controlled trial.Following the real-life application of MSE,an unexpected safety issue emerged regarding esophageal injury and the technique has been withdrawn from the global market,despite encouraging results in terms of diagnostic and therapeutic yield.We conducted an Italian multicenter real-life prospective study,which was prematurely terminated after the withdrawal of MSE from the market.The primary goals were the evaluation of MSE performance(both diagnostic and therapeutic)and its safety in routine endoscopic practice,particularly in the early phase of introduction in the endoscopic unit.A subanalysis,which involved patients who underwent MSE after unsuccessful balloon enteroscopy,demonstrated,for the first time,the promising performance of MSE as a rescue procedure.Given its remarkable performance in clinical practice and its potential role as a backup technique following a previously failed enteroscopy,it may be more appropriate to refine and enhance MSE in the future rather than completely abandoning it.

关键词： Motorized spiral enteroscopy Rescue enteroscopy Diagnostic yield Adverse events AGREE classification

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Interferon-gamma and neuropathy: balance between pain and neuroprotection

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第12期17卷 2700-2701页

作者： Valentina Ferrara alessandra Toti Carla Ghelardini Lorenzo Di cesare Mannelli department of Neuroscience PsychologyDrug Research and Child Health-NEUROFARBA-Pharmacology and Toxicology SectionUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly

Chronic pain is sustained by a phenomenon of hyper-activation of nociceptive neurons both at peripheral(peripheral sensitization)and central(central sensitization)levels.The onset and maintenance of pain,however,is to be found in the interaction among the various cell populations in the nervous tissue including neurons and glia(Nam et al.,2016).The pathogenesis of neuropathic pain is extremely complex depending on the primary cause of nerve damage,e.***.traumatic nerve injury is associated with a robust inflammatory response while chemotherapy-induced pain is characterized by a modest phlogistic component(Di cesare Mannelli et al.,2013).despite these differences,a powerful common concept to explain the cellular mechanisms underlying pain is the activation of glia.

关键词： pain sustained

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Evanescent waveguide lab-on-chip for optical biosensing in food quality control

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Photonics Research 2022年第6期10卷 1453-1461页

作者： ALESSIO BUZZIN RITA ASQUINI DOMENICO CAPUTO GIAMPIERO de cesare department of Information Engineering Electronics and TelecommunicationsSapienza University of Rome00184 RomeItaly

Optical biosensing systems are commonly developed assembling a source,a light–sample interaction area,and a detector as distinct stand-alone elements.We present a compact,inexpensive,and easy-to-use glass chip that monolithically integrates both the interaction and detection elements in a 1 cm^(2)overall surface.The device working principle is based on evanescent wavelight interaction with the complex refractive index of a liquid mixture,being the index influenced by the mixture’s physical and chemical features.We describe the manufacture of a prototype able to perform investigations on food quality and subsequent tests on the detection of fat content in milk.Theoretical investigations are reported as well as measurements performed on samples in the green spectrum.A sensitivity of about 139 fA/(g/d L)and a limit of detection of 14 ppm have been achieved,better than those of current commercial devices.

关键词： waveguide optical interaction

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Guido Reni’s Infant Bacchus: “In vino veritas”

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Journal of Literature and Art Studies 2024年第1期14卷 1-39页

作者： Liana de Girolami Cheney University of Massachusetts Lowell LowellMA.USA

This article delves into the significance of Guido Reni’s Infant Bacchus,created during the Italian Baroque period.By examining historical and iconographic elements,the study aims to interpret the symbolism depicted in the painting.The historical aspects include the birth of Dionysus or Bacchus in classical and Italian Renaissance imagery and literary and visual sources that influenced Reni’s solo painting.The iconographic components encompass the infant’s nude body,the child’s bodily functions,and the attributes associated with Bacchus,the God of Agriculture,Revelry,and Wine,such as the grapevines,grapes,ivy,glass flask,kantharos(wine cup),and wine barrel.The emblematic and cosmological associations of Bacchus’s divinity are considered as well.

关键词： Infant Bacchus Greek-Roman mythology emblems optics reflections planetary symbolism Giovanni Belli Andrea Alciato Vincenzo Cartari cesare Ripa and Guido Reni

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Spatio-temporal deposition profile of an experimentally produced turbidity current with a continuous suspension supply

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2022年第3期37卷 299-306页

作者： Shun Nomura Giovanni de cesare Mikito Furuichi Yasushi Takeda Hide Sakaguchi Mathematical Science and Advanced Technology JAMSTEC Plateforme de Constructions Hydrauliques EPFL Laboratory of Food Process Engineering ETH Headquarters JAMSTEC

A turbidity current is a turbulent, particle-laden gravity current that is driven by density differences resulting from the presence of suspended sediment particles. The current travels downslope, bearing a large amount of sediment over a great distance, and forms fluvial and submarine bedforms. Knowledge of the spatio-temporal deposition profile of turbidity-deposited sediment is important for a better understanding of sediment transport by turbidity currents. In the current study, the depositional process of experimentally produced quasi-steady turbidity currents in an inclined flume was investigated using an electrical-resistance-based depositmeter. It was found that the amount of sediment deposited along the flume bottom increases linearly with time at a specific rate, and decreases exponentially in the downstream direction. Inspired by this observation, the mass conservation law was modified for the suspension layer and a simple theoretical model was proposed involving two parameters, the initial sedimentation rate and the decay constant. The proposed model reproduces the observed data from the flume experiment with high accuracy, and is consistent with the sediment transport distance of a natural example, the Bengal Fan. It was concluded that the two parameters that govern the sedimentation process are the key to estimating the deposition profile of fluvial systems.

关键词： Turbidity current deposition process Mass conservation law Electrical-resistance-based depositmeter Spatio-temporal investigation Flume experiment

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