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Evolutionary fingerprint, phylogenetic and forest structure of tropical montane Atlantic cloud forests along an elevation gradient

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第4期21卷 1259-1271页

作者： Ravi Fernandes MARIANO Vanessa Leite REZENde Cléber Rodrigo de SOUZA Patrícia Vieira POMPEU Rubens Manoel dos SANTOS Carolina Njaime MENdeS Aloysio Souza de MOURA Felipe Santana MACHADO Warley Augusto Caldas CARVALHO marco Aurélio Leite FONTES department of Forest Sciences Federal University of LavrasLavras 37200-900Brazil 2Environmental defence Association of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte 30360-110Brazil department of Ecology and Conservation Federal University of LavrasLavras 37200-900Brazil department of Forest Sciences State University of Mato Grosso do SulAquidauana 79200-000Brazil Agência Zetta Federal University of LavrasLavras 37200-900Brazil. department of Natural Sciences Federal University of São João del-ReiSão João del-Rei 36307-352Brazil.

Environmental conditions can change markedly over geographical distances along elevation gradients,making them natural laboratories to study the processes that structure *** work aimed to assess the influences of elevation on Tropical Montane Cloud Forest plant communities in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest,a historically neglected *** evaluated the phylogenetic structure,forest structure(tree basal area and tree density)and species richness along an elevation gradient,as well as the evolutionary fingerprints of elevation-success on phylogenetic lineages from the tree *** do so,we assessed nine communities along an elevation gradient from 1210 to 2310 m *** large elevation *** relationships between elevation and phylogenetic structure,forest structure and species richness were investigated through Linear *** occurrence of evolutionary fingerprint on phylogenetic lineages was investigated by quantifying the extent of phylogenetic signal of elevation-success using a genus-level molecular *** results showed decreased species richness at higher elevations and independence between forest structure,phylogenetic structure and *** also verified that there is a phylogenetic signal associated with elevation-success by *** concluded that the elevation is associated with species richness and the occurrence of phylogenetic lineages in the tree communities evaluated in Mantiqueira *** the other hand,elevation is not associated with forest structure or phylogenetic ***,closely related taxa tend to have their higher ecological success in similar ***,we highlight the fragility of the tropical montane cloud forests in the Mantiqueira Range in face of environmental changes(*** warming)due to the occurrence of exclusive phylogenetic lineages evolutionarily adapted to environmental conditions(*** temperature)associated with each elevation range.

关键词： Atlantic Forest Cloud forest Conservation Community ecology Montane forests Phylogenetic diversity Phylogenetic signal

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Role of glioma stem cells in promoting tumor chemo- and radioresistance: A systematic review of potential targeted treatments

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第5期16卷 604-614页

作者： Edoardo Agosti marco Zeppieri Mattia Ghidoni Tamara Ius Alessandro Tel marco Maria Fontanella Pier Paolo Panciani Division of Neurosurgery Department of Medical and Surgical SpecialtiesRadiological Sciences and Public HealthUniversity of BresciaBrescia 25123Italy department of Ophthalmology University Hospital of UdineUdine 33100Italy Neurosurgery Unit Department of Head-Neck and NeuroScienceUniversity Hospital of UdineUdine 33100Italy Clinic of Maxillofacial Surgery Department of Head-Neck and NeuroScienceUniversity Hospital of UdineUdine 33100Italy

BACKGROUND Gliomas pose a significant challenge to effective treatment despite advancements in chemotherapy and *** stem cells(GSCs),a subset within tumors,contribute to resistance,tumor heterogeneity,and *** studies reveal GSCs’role in therapeutic resistance,driven by DNA repair mechanisms and dynamic transitions between cellular *** mechanisms can involve different cellular pathways,most of which have been recently reported in the *** progress,targeted therapeutic approaches lack consensus due to GSCs’high *** To analyze targeted therapies against GSC-mediated resistance to radio-and chemotherapy in gliomas,focusing on underlying *** A systematic search was conducted across major medical databases(PubMed,Embase,and Cochrane Library)up to September 30,*** search strategy utilized relevant Medical Subject Heading terms and keywords related to including“glioma stem cells”,“radiotherapy”,“chemotherapy”,“resistance”,and“targeted therapies”.Studies included in this review were publications focusing on targeted therapies against the molecular mechanism of GSC-mediated re-sistance to radiotherapy resistance(RTR).RESULTS In a comprehensive review of 66 studies on stem cell therapies for SCI,452 papers were initially identified,with 203 chosen for full-text *** them,201 were deemed eligible after excluding 168 for various *** temporal breakdown of studies illustrates this trend:2005-2010(33.3%),2011-2015(36.4%),and 2016-2022(30.3%).Key GSC models,particularly U87(33.3%),U251(15.2%),and T98G(15.2%),emerge as significant in research,reflecting their representativeness of glioma *** analysis indicates a focus on phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)(27.3%)and Notch(12.1%)pathways,suggesting their crucial roles in resistance *** molecules with mTOR(18.2%),CHK1/2(15.2%),and ATP binding cassette

关键词： Glioma stem cells Chemoresistance Radioresistance Molecular pathways Targeted therapies Systematic review

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Metabolic characterization of selected probiotic consortia during gluten and wheat bread simulated digestion

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Mirco Vacca Giuseppe Celano Olga Nikoloudaki Bodo Speckmann Francesco Maria Calabrese marco Gobbetti Maria de Angelis Faculty of Science and Technology Free University of Bozen Evonik Operations GmbH department of Soil Plant and Food Sciences University of Bari Aldo Moro

While exerting their metabolic activities in the gastrointestinal milieu， probiotics impact the host well-being by boosting immunity， treating metabolic disorders， and modulating microbiota and metabolome. Due to the high incidence of gluten-based disorders， the present work aims to deeply explore the metabolism of two selected microbial consortia (MCs) during gluten digestion under simulated gastrointestinal conditions. Featured by high protease and peptidase activity， both MCs accounted for different lactic acid bacteria and Bacillus strains that were combined with two commercial protease enzymes. Gluten substrates were used as purified extracts， white and whole wheat breads. Control samples， instead， relied onto the microbial enzyme lack. Twenty-four hours of simulated digestion were sufficient to completely hydrolyze gluten in one of the two MC-containing experimental sets， and the relative 48 h-digested extract did not alter the cytokine expression in duodenal biopsies from celiac disease (CeD) patients. When digested samples were assayed for antioxidant and phytase activities， microbial enzymes demonstrated to significantly improve both ABTS and DPPH values and to decrease the phytic acid concentration. The inspection of the free amino acid profiles allowed for distinguishing the two MCs， whereas the detection of a heterogeneous panel of volatile organic compounds supported the presence/activity of microbial enzymes without statistically significant differences between MCs. As functional contribution， digested extracts with MCs also proved to reduce the inflammatory cytokine concentrations in cell lines exposed to lipopolysaccharide trigger. Therefore， in line with studies exploring novel adjuvant therapies， the present innovative probiotic consortium featured by high gluten-hydrolyzing metabolism also showed the capability to improve various parameters usually found to be altered in patients affected by gluten-based disorders or CeD.

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Friction and wear performance of polyether ether ketone(PEEK)polymers in three lubrication regimes

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Friction 2024年第4期12卷 670-682页

作者： Davide MASSOCCHI Nora LECIS marco LATTUADA Davide SCAGLIA Steven CHATTERTON Paolo PENNACCHI department of Mechanical Engineering Politecnico di MilanoMilan 20156Italy Eni SpA Downstream product R&DLombardia 20097Italy Eurobearings S.R.L. Lombardia 29016Italy

This experimental study investigates the friction and wear of three coatings commonly used in industrial applications,particularly in hydrodynamic *** three materials under investigation were Babbitt,polyether ether ketone(PEEK)reinforced with 15%carbon fibers,and PEEK reinforced with 20%carbon *** first polymer material was extruded,while the other was produced by fused deposition modelling(FDM).The materials were subjected to sliding tests in a pin-on-disc configuration,with a steel ball serving as the counter *** tests were conducted at room temperature,with a load of 10 N and under three different lubrication conditions:dry,grease,and *** linear speed was set at 0.3 m/s for the dry and semi-solid lubrication tests,while for the oil tests,the speed was set at 0.25 m/*** greases used had consistency grades of NGLI 000 and NGLI *** ISO VG 68 circulation oil was used for the oil lubrication ***,thermodynamic analyses were performed under the most severe conditions(i.e.,dry)to investigate the steel-Babbitt and steel-PEEK contact.

关键词： hydrodynamic bearings polyether ether ketone(PEEK)polymers additive manufacturing grease lubrication sliding oil lubrication ball-on-disk tribology

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Correction To: Epidemiological derivation of flux-based critical levels for visible ozone injury in European forests

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第5期33卷 1703-1703页

作者： Pierre Sicard alessandra de marco Elisa Carrari Laurence Dalstein-Richier Yasutomo Hoshika Ovidiu Badea Diana Pitar Silvano Fares Adriano Conte Ionel Popa Elena Paoletti ARGANS 260 route du Pin Montard06410 BiotFrance ENEA Via Anguillarese 30100123 Santa Maria di GaleriaItaly IRET-CNR Via Madonna del Piano 1050019 Sesto FiorentinoItaly GIEFS 69 avenue des Hespérides06300 NiceFrance INCDS 128 Eroilor Bvd.077030 VoluntariRomania CREA Viale S.Margherita 8052100 ArezzoItaly

Correction to:***://***/10.1007/s11676-020-01191-x In the Original publication of the article,the authors found an error in the text“We recommend CLef of 5 and 12 mmol m−2 POD1 for broadleaved species and conifers,re... 详细信息

关键词： ozone visible derivation

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A quantitative analysis of the US materials flow methodology and comparison to the EU methodology for MSW statistics

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2024年第1期6卷 85-94页

作者： demetra Tsiamis Fabio Poretti Stefano Consonni marco J.Castaldi Earth Engineering Center Department of Chemical EngineeringThe City College of New YorkNew YorkNYUSA Dipartimento Di Energetica Politecnico Di MilanoPiazza Leonardo da Vinci 3220133MilanItaly

The European Union(EU)and the United States(US)determine municipal solid waste(MSW)statistics *** EU applies a site-specific methodology that directly measures waste whereas the US employs a materials flow methodology that estimates MSW statistics indirectly based on production and recovery data from *** study dissects the materials flow methodology and presents quantitative materials flow Sankey diagrams for the primary MSW materials to highlight data gaps that can be addressed to improve the methodology’s *** industry plastics data were applied to the materials flow methodology,and the results were within 10%of the plastics statistics reported by the US Environmental Protection Agency(US EPA).Drawbacks to the methodologies include EU measurement inaccuracies due to double-counting and not accounting for residual waste in the *** latter may partially explain why landfilling tonnages reported by the US EPA were approximately 60%less than the tonnages reported by the Waste to Energy Research and Technology Council(WTERT)in its national MSW survey that applied the EU methodology in the *** the EU,there is no US national policy that requires states to measure and report state-level waste data to the US *** improvements in US MSW statistics rely heavily on the implementation of national policies to homogenize the measurement and collection of waste data from states.

关键词： Materials flow methodology Site-specific methodology United States European Union Municipal solid waste Discrepancy

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Intelligent speed adaptation for visibility technology affects drivers’speed selection along curves with sight limitations

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年第1期11卷 16-27页

作者： Abrar Hazoor Alberto Terrafino Leandro L.Di Stasi marco Bassani department of Environment Landand Infrastructure EngineeringPolitecnico di TorinoTorino 10129Italy Road Traffic Division Nord UniversityStjørdal 7502Norway Mind Brainand Behavior Research Centre(CIMCYC)University of GranadaGranada 18071Spain

Sight obstructions along road curves can lead to a crash if the driver is not able to stop the vehicle in *** is a particular issue along curves with limited available sight,where speed management is necessary to avoid unsafe situations(e.g.,driving off the road or invading the other traffic lane).To solve this issue,we proposed a novel intelligent speed adaptation(ISA)system for visibility,called V-ISA(intelligent speed adaptation for visibility).It estimates the real-time safe speed limits based on the prevailing sight conditions.V-ISA comes with three variants with specific feedback modalities(1)visual and(2)auditory information,and(3)direct intervention to assume control over the vehicle ***,we investigated the efficiency of each of the three V-ISA variants on driving speed choice and lateral behavioural response along road curves with limited and unsafe available sight distances,using a driving *** also considered curve road geometry(curve direction:rightward ***).Sixty active drivers were recruited for the *** half of them(experimental group)tested the three V-ISA variants(and a V-ISA off condition),the other half always drove with the V-ISA off(validation group).We used a linear mixed-effect model to evaluate the influence of V-ISA on driver *** V-ISA variants were efficient at reducing speeds at entrance points,with no discernible negative impact on driver lateral *** rightward curves,the V-ISA intervening variant appeared to be the most effective at adapting to sight *** of the current study implies that V-ISA might assist drivers to adjust their operating speed as per prevailing sight conditions and,consequently,establishes safer driving conditions.

关键词： Sight distance Intelligent speed adaptation Driver behaviour Road safety Driving simulation Advanced driver assistance systems

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Anti-methanogenic potential of seaweeds and seaweed-derived compounds in ruminant feed:current perspectives,risks and future prospects

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 463-489页

作者： Ailbhe McGurrin Julie Maguire Brijesh K.Tiwari marco Garcia-Vaquero Section of Food and Nutrition School of Agriculture and Food ScienceUniversity College DublinDublin 4BelfieldIreland TEAGASC Food Research CentreDublin 15AshtownIreland Bantry Marine Research Station Ltd BantryCo.CorkP75 AX07GearhiesIreland

With methane emissions from ruminant agriculture contributing 17%of total methane emissions worldwide,there is increasing urgency to develop strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in this *** of the proposed strategies is ruminant feed intervention studies focused on the inclusion of anti-methanogenic compounds which are those capable of interacting with the rumen microbiome,reducing the capacity of ruminal microorganisms to produce ***,seaweeds have been investigated for their ability to reduce methane in ruminants in vitro and in vivo,with the greatest methane abatement reported when using the red seaweed Asparagopsis taxiformis(attributed to the bromoform content of this species).From the literature analysis in this study,levels of up to 99%reduction in ruminant methane emissions have been reported from inclusion of this seaweed in animal feed,although further in vivo and microbiome studies are required to confirm these results as other reports showed no effect on methane emission resulting from the inclusion of seaweed to basal *** review explores the current state of research aiming to integrate seaweeds as anti-methanogenic feed additives,as well as examining the specific bioactive compounds within seaweeds that are likely to be related to these *** effects of the inclusion of seaweeds on the ruminal microbiome are also reviewed,as well as the future challenges when considering the largescale inclusion of seaweeds into ruminant diets as anti-methanogenic agents.

关键词： Asparagopsis Bromoform Methanogenesis Phlorotannin Saponin Tannin

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dexamethasone and N-acetylcysteine before transarterial chemoembolization in hepatocellular carcinoma:A Western perspective

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第31期30卷 3635-3639页

作者： marco Biolato Maurizio Pompili department of Medical and Surgical Sciences CEMAD Digestive Disease CenterFondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCSRome 00168Italy department of Translational Medicine and Surgery Catholic University of Sacred HeartRome 00168LazioItaly

Post-embolization syndrome(PES)is the most common complication in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with transarterial *** strategies have been evaluated to reduce the incidence of PES,but no standard prevention guidelines currently *** a single-center,placebo-controlled trial,Simasingha et al evaluated the prophylactic administration of a combination of dexamethasone and N-acetylcysteine and documented a significant reduction in the incidence of PES(from 80%to 6%),of post-procedural liver decompensation(from 14%to 0%),and a shorter hospital stay(4 days vs 6 days),alongside an acceptable safety *** results of this study raise several controversial points regarding their applicability in the Western *** the West,there is a greater and increasing prevalence of metabolic and alcoholic etiologies of liver cirrhosis,so a not negligible number of patients with type II diabetes or hypertension would be excluded from high-dosage dexamethasone ***,in the West,there is a preferred use of drug-eluting beads loaded with doxorubicin,which are associated with a lower incidence of PES.A study on prophylaxis with dexamethasone and/or N-acetylcysteine in a Western population is hopefully awaited.

关键词： Chemotherapeutic drugs Lipiodol Post-embolization syndrome Prevention Prophylaxis

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Emerging challenges of ozone impacts on asian plants:actions are needed to protect ecosystem health

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2021年第1期7卷 107-120页

作者： Zhaozhong Feng Evgenios Agathokleous Xu Yue Elina Oksanen Elena Paoletti Hiroyuki Sase Anthony Gandin Takayoshi Koike Vicent Calatayud Xiangyang Yuan Xuejun Liu alessandra de marco Yves Jolivet Sari Kontunen-Soppela Yasutomo Hoshika Hikaru Saji Pin Li Zhengzhen Li Makoto Watanabe Kazuhiko Kobayashi Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province School of Applied MeteorologyNanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjingChina School of Environmental Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjingChina department of Environmental and Biological Sciences University of Eastern FinlandJoensuuFinland Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems National Research CouncilSesto FiorentinoItaly Ecological Impact Research department Asia Center for Air Pollution Research(ACAP)NiigataNishi-kuJapan AgroParisTech INRAUMR SilvaUniversitéDe LorraineNancyFrance department of Forest Science Hokkaido UniversitySapporoJapan Fundación CEAM ValenciaPaternaSpain State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of MOEBeijing Key Laboratory of Cropland Pollution Control and RemediationChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina department for Sustainability(SSPT) Italian National Agency for New TechnologiesEnergy and Sustainable Economic Development(ENEA)RomeItaly Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies National Institute for Environmental StudiesIbarakiTsukubaJapan Institute of Agriculture Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyTokyoFuchuJapan Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences the University of TokyoTokyoBunkyo-kuJapan

Context:Ozone concentrations near the land surface are rising in Asia while they are declining or stagnating in Europe and North *** is the most widespread air pollutant negatively affecting vegetation,and its increased concentrations pose a major threat to food quality and production and other ecosystem services in ***:In this review,we provide an overview of scientific challenges in the impacts of ozone pollution on Asian vegetation,and synthesize the challenges toward mitigation of the ***:We argue that new policy initiatives need to seek both reduction of ozone levels and enhancement of plant tolerance to ozone to maintain food quality and ensure food ***:The scientific advancements must be transferred to actions by two types of institutions:a)environmental agencies for reducing ozone levels and b)agricultural research institutions for enhancing plant tolerance to *** connecting the scientific advancements with the institutional actions,scientists in Asian countries should play the key role taking advantages of interdisciplinary and international collaborations.

关键词： Asia air pollution monitoring ecosystem health environmental regulation ozone impact mitigation vegetation

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