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Experimental Study of liquid Metal Flow for the Development of a Contact-less Control Technique

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第7期20卷 1553-1564页

作者： aleksandr Poluyanov Ilya Kolesnichenko laboratory of Technological Hydrodynamics Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics of the Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Science(ICMM UB RAS)Perm614018Russia

The article presents an experimental study on the flow of an eutectic gallium alloy in a cylindrical cell,which is placed in an alternating magnetic *** magnetic field is generated by a coil connected to an alternating current *** coil is located at a fixed height in such a way that its plane is perpendicular to the gravity vector,which in turn is parallel to the axis of the *** position of the cylinder can vary in height with respect to the *** forced flow of the considered electrically conductive liquid is generated due to the action of the localized electromagnetic *** is assumed that under the action of the alternating magnetic field,the liquid is heated uniformly,and the resulting heat is quickly absorbed by the forced flow,so that liquid free convection can be *** experiment is carried out using an ultrasonic Doppler *** transducer is installed in the axially located cylinder sluice and the other transducer is placed in the near-wall *** to the results,a velocity profile,corresponding to a two-tori flow pattern can be hardly obtained in the low frequency range of the power ***,this is possible in the high frequency *** average velocity profiles depend essentially on the location of the coil relative to the *** spectral analysis of velocity signals shows that the amplitude of the velocity pulsations is comparable to the average value of the flow *** experimental results and their verification through comparison with numerical calculations are intended to support the development of new methods for reducing the intensity of vortex flows during the electromagnetic separation of impurities through an electromagnetic induction mechanism(able to produce an electromotive force that displaces particles).

关键词： Ultrasonic doppler velocimeter electrically conductive medium azimuthal pinch experiment in liquid metal magnetohydrodynamics

A critical review on solid-state welding of high entropy alloys-processing,microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties of joints

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第4期34卷 78-133页

作者： Tushar Sonar Mikhail Ivanov Evgeny Trofimov aleksandr Tingaev Ilsiya Suleymanova Department of Welding Engineering Institution of Engineering and TechnologySouth Ural State University(National Research University)Chelyabinsk454080Russia Department of Materials Science Physical and Chemical Properties of MaterialsInstitution of Engineering and TechnologySouth Ural State University(National Research University)Chelyabinsk454080Russia

The high entropy alloys(HEAs)are the newly developed high-performance materials that have gained significant importance in defence,nuclear and aerospace sector due to their superior mechanical properties,heat resistance,high temperature strength and corrosion *** alloys are manufactured by the equal mixing or larger proportions of five or more alloying *** exhibit superior mechanical performance compared to traditional engineering alloys because of the extensive alloying composition and higher entropy of *** state welding(SSW)techniques such as friction stir welding(FSW),rotary friction welding(RFW),diffusion bonding(DB)and explosive welding(EW)have been efficiently deployed for improving the microstructural integrity and mechanical properties of welded HEA *** HEA interlayers revealed greater potential in supressing the formation of deleterious intermetallic phases and maximizing the mechanical properties of HEAs *** similar and dissimilar joining of HEAs has been manifested to be viable for HEA systems which further expands their industrial ***,the main objective of this review paper is to present a critical review of current state of research,challenges and opportunities and main directions in SSW of HEAs mainly CoCrFeNiMn and Al_xCoCrFeNi *** state of the art of problems,progress and future outlook in SSW of HEAs are critically reviewed by considering the formation of phases,microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of HEAs joints.

关键词： High entropy alloys Solid state welding Microstructure Mechanical properties

Microwave diagnostics of pulsed atmospheric discharge with electrolytic electrode and long-lived luminous formation in its afterglow

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High Voltage 2024年第1期9卷 127-136页

作者： Shixin Zhao Xingbao lyu aleksandr Astafiev Chengxun Yuan lin Miao Jingfeng Yao Ying Wang Anatoly Kudryavtsev aleksandr Chirtsov Gennadii Shabanov Zhongxiang Zhou School of Physics Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbinChina Physics Department Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University“LETI”St.PetersburgRussia Heilongjiang Provincial Key laboratory of Plasma Physics and Application Technology HarbinChina Physics Department St.Petersburg State UniversitySt.PetersburgRussia Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute National Research Centre“Kurchatov Institute”GatchinaRussia

The Gatchina discharge phenomenon holds significant promise as a laboratory model for simulating ball ***,crucial aspects concerning the plasma components of the resulting afterglow remain ***,the measurement of the electron density,a critical parameter,has not been fully achieved thus *** this study,microwave diagnostics and video recording were employed during a pulsed Gatchina discharge,along with synchronous measurement of discharge current and *** antennas were positioned at different heights to enable separate diagnosis of the discharge and the ensuing long-lived *** findings revealed that during the active phase of the Gatchina discharge,the plasma density was substantial enough to cause reflection of an electromagnetic wave with a frequency of 20 GHz from this highly conductive *** the afterglow,the signal experienced only a moderate weakening of 10–20 percent,facilitating the determination of the time dependence of average electron density during the afterglow's passage between the two *** measurements verified the unusually slow plasma decay in the afterglow of the Gatchina discharge,suggesting the potential significance of chemi-ionisation processes involving long-lived(metastable)particles.

关键词： holds luminous electrolytic

Kinetics and mechanism of the low-energy b-a phase transition of the second kind in 2,4-dinitroanisole

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第10期40卷 210-224页

作者： aleksandr V.Stankevich Nikolay A.Rasputin Anisa KhRudina Gennady l.Rusinov Vera I.Filyakova valery N.Charushin y1.postovsky institute of organic synthesis ural branch of the russian academy of sciencesekaterinburg 620108russia russian federal nuclear center e zababakhin all-russia research institute of technical physics snezhinsk 456770russia kazan national research technological university kazan 420015russia

In this work,comprehensive studies of 2,4-dinitroanisole(2,4DNAN)were carried out using powder thermorentgenography of the internal *** time of the complete polymorphic transition in the solid phase b/a in 2,4DNAN under various combinations of conditions has been *** has been established that,regardless of the season of manufacture of the substance,when it is stored for 8e9 months,with a change in ambient temperature from minus 30℃ to plus 30℃,a complete polymorphic transition b/a *** stored in conditions below minus 5℃,polymorphic transition does not *** stored in conditions above plus 30℃ in a closed container,polymorphic transition occurs within 3 *** polymorphic transition is accompanied by a decrease in density by 1.3%e1.5%and an increase in melting temperature by 10-12℃,depending on the degree of purity of the starting *** activation energy of the molecular rearrangement was 68e70 kJ/mol(16.5±3 kcal/mol).The mechanism of polymorphic transition has been evaluated,which is presumably based on internal homodiffusion and energy transfer to the surface of the mass of powder particles and the *** average activation energy of the polymorphic transition process was 110±6.2 kJ/mol(26.2 kcal/mol).In an open container,reactions proceed by a homogeneous mechanism,and in a closed container by a heterogeneous mechanism involving the gas phase.

关键词： Energetic materials Melt-castable 2,4-Dinitroanisole Polymorphic transition Kinetics Mechanism Homodiffusion Sublimation

Eco-innovative development of industrial ecosystems based on the quintuple helix

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International Journal of Innovation Studies 2024年第3期8卷 273-286页

作者： Elena Shkarupeta aleksandr Babkin Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University Saint Petersburg195251Russia Voronezh State Technical University Voronezh394071Russia Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy of Russian SFS EMERCOM Zheleznogorsk662972Russia

This article explores how eco-innovation practices are integrated into different industrial ecosystems in different national and regional contexts,and the role of the quintuple helix model in this *** research examines the collaborative interaction of academia,industry,government,civil society,and the natural environment in fostering an integrated eco-innovation *** findings underscore the central role of the Quintuple Helix framework in effectively managing eco-innovation,suggesting a comprehensive approach that integrates environmental and societal concerns into a dynamic system for sustainable *** study shows that an ecosystem-based approach,underpinned by the quintuple helix,facilitates the rapid exchange of knowledge and resources essential to overcoming eco-innovation challenges,such as high R&D expenditures and the complex integration of sustainable *** quintuple helix model emerges as a strategic imperative for concerted action to achieve eco-efficiency and *** study employs an innovative methodological framework based on Quintuple Helix projections using the Eco-Innovation Index(Eco-IS)and highlights significant trends in the roles of academia,industry,government,civil society,and the natural environment in ecoinnovation,with a particular focus on their contributions to eco-innovation leaders,average performers,and catching-up *** article describes the different roles and interdependencies of the actors within the ecosystem and urges a coherent,networked strategy for managing eco-innovation,which is crucial for sustainable and responsible *** the issue of externalities that complicate eco-innovation management,the article posits that the quintuple helix framework can better address these challenges by enabling shared R&D investments and broad diffusion of *** research contributes to the discourse on sustainable industrial development by proposing the quintuple

关键词： Eco-innovation Quintuple helix Eco-innovation ecosystem Eco-innovative development Eco-innovation index Industrial ecosystems Sustainability

Comparing the Structural Parameters of the Milky Way to Other Spiral Galaxies

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第3期24卷 10-28页

作者： Jacob A.Guerrette aleksandr V.Mosenkov Dallin Spencer Zacory D.Shakespear Department of Physics and AstronomyN283 ESCBrigham Young University ProvoUT 84602USA

The structural parameters of a galaxy can be used to gain insight into its formation and evolution *** this paper,we strive to compare the Milky Way’s structural parameters to other,primarily edge-on,spiral galaxies in order to determine how our Galaxy measures up to the local *** our comparison,we use the galaxy structural parameters gathered from a variety of literature sources in the optical and near-infrared wave *** compare the scale length,scale height,and disk flatness for both the thin and thick disks,the thick-to-thin disk mass ratio,the bulge-to-total luminosity ratio,and the mean pitch angle of the Milky Way’s spiral arms to those in other *** conclude that many of the Milky Way’s structural parameters are largely ordinary and typical of spiral galaxies in the local Universe,though the Galaxy’s thick disk appears to be appreciably thinner and less extended than expected from zoom-in cosmological simulations of Milky Way-mass galaxies with a significant contribution of galaxy mergers involving satellite galaxies.

关键词： Galaxy disk-galaxies fundamental parameters-Galaxy structure

Improving cycling performance of the NaNiO_(2)cathode in sodium-ion batteries by titanium substitution

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Materials Futures 2024年第3期3卷 132-147页

作者： Siyu An leonhard Karger Sören l Dreyer Yang Hu Eduardo Barbosa Ruizhuo Zhang Jing lin Maximilian Fichtner aleksandr Kondrakov Jürgen Janek Torsten Brezesinski Battery and Electrochemistry laboratory(BEllA) Institute of NanotechnologyKarlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Kaiserstr.1276131 KarlsruheGermany Helmholtz Institute Ulm(HIU)Electrochemical Energy Storage Helmholtzstr.1189081 UlmGermany BASF SE Carl-Bosch-Str.3867056 LudwigshafenGermany Institute of Physical Chemistry&Center for Materials Research(ZfM/laMa) Justus-Liebig-University GiessenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 1735392 GiessenGermany

O3-type layered oxide cathodes,such as NaNi_(0.5)Mn_(0.5)O_(2),have garnered significant attention due to their high theoretical specific capacity while using abundant and low-cost sodium as intercalation *** the lithium analog(liNiO_(2)),NaNiO_(2)(NNO)exhibits poor electrochemical performance resulting from structural instability and inferior Coulomb *** enhance its cyclability for practical application,NNO was modified by titanium substitution to yield the O3-type NaNi_(0.9)Ti_(0.1)O_(2)(NNTO),which was successfully synthesized for the first time via a solid-state *** mechanism behind its superior performance in comparison to that of similar materials is examined in detail using a variety of characterization *** delivers a specific discharge capacity of∼190 mAh g^(−1)and exhibits good reversibility,even in the presence of multiple phase transitions during cycling in a potential window of 2.0−4.2 V ***^(+)/*** behavior can be attributed to the substituent,which helps maintain a larger interslab distance in the Na-deficient phases and to mitigate Jahn–Teller activity by reducing the average oxidation state of ***,volume collapse at high potentials and irreversible lattice oxygen loss are still detrimental to the ***,the performance can be further enhanced through coating and doping *** not only positions NNTO as a promising next-generation cathode material,but also serves as inspiration for future research directions in the field of high-energy-density Na-ion batteries.

关键词： Ni-rich layered oxide cathode material substitution doping electro-chemo-mechanical degradation Na-ion battery

Modularized sulfur storage achieved by 100% space utilization host for high performance lithium-sulfur batteries

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Chinese Chemical letters 2024年第4期35卷 237-243页

作者： Jun Jiang Tong Guo Wuxin Bai Mingliang liu Shujun liu Zhijie Qi Jingwen Sun Shugang Pan aleksandr l.va.iliev Zhiyuan Ma Xin Wang Junwu Zhu Yongsheng Fu Key laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Changzhou Institute of Technology Changzhou 213032China Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography Russian Academy of SciencesLeninskii pr.59Moscow 119333Russia Jiangsu Pylon Battery Co. Ltd.Yangzhou 211400China

Popularization of lithium-sulfur batteries(lSBs) is still hindered by shuttle effect and volume ***, a new modularized sulfur storage strategy is proposed to solve above problems and accomplished via employing 100% space utilization host material of cobalt loaded carbon nanoparticles derived from ZIF-67. The modular dispersed storage of sulfur not only greatly increases the proportion of active sulfur,but also inhibits the occurrence of volume expansion. Meanwhile, 100% space utilization host material can greatly improve the conductivity of the cathode, provide a larger electrolyte wetting interface and effectively suppress the shuttle effect. Moreover, loaded cobalt particles have high catalytic activity for electrochemical reaction and can effectively improve the redox kinetics. The cell with new cathode host material carbonized at 650 ℃(ZIF-67(650 ℃)) exhibits superior rate performance and can maintain a high specific capacity of 950 m Ah/g after 100 cycles at 0.2 C, showing a good cycle stability.

关键词： Modularized sulfur storage Space utilization Cathode host material ZIF-67 lithium-sulfur batteries

Porphyrins,phthalocyanines,and related covalent-organic frameworks in the photochemical and electrochemical water splitting:A review

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 236-265页

作者： Oxana V.Kharissova Yolanda Peña Méndez Boris I.Kharisov aleksandr lNikolaev Edith luévano-Hipólito lucy T.González Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo león Ave.Universidad s/nSan Nicolás de los GarzaNuevo León66455Mexico Department of Chemistry Moscow State UniversityVorobievy HillsMoscowRussia CONACYT-Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo león Facultad de Ingeniería Civil-Departamento de Ecomateriales y EnergíaCd.UniversitariaC.P.66455San Nicolás de los GarzaNLMexico Tecnologico de Monterrey Escuela de Ingeniería y CienciasMonterreyNuevo León 64890Mexico Tecnologico de Monterrey Centro del AguaMonterreyNuevo León 64890Mexico

In this review,the possibilities of photochemical and electrochemical water splitting(WS)using porphyrins,phthalocyanines,related macrocycles,and their metal complexes are *** efforts are being carried out in order to develop novel and cheap methods for water decomposition to generate inexhaustible greener energy sources(molecular hydrogen)instead of oil and *** processes of WS in heterogeneous and homogeneous media require novel photo-and electrocatalysts,in particular those on macrocycle basis.A high WS efficiency has been observed for porphyrins and phthalocyanines,showing their suitability both for HER and OER processes are available using these relative compounds for WS *** can be used in photocatalytic and electrocatalytic WS processes both in their free forms or as metal porphyrins/porphyrinates,mainly loaded on various inorganic materials,such as Au NPs,C_(3)N_(4),GaP,KTaO_(3),GaP,and so on,as part of porphyrin-containing polymers or on electrode surface as modifying coatings,being sometimes better than commercial catalysts,such as Pt/*** H2 evolution can be considerably depended on the shape of porphyrin particles;in particular,porphyrin nanowires can yield up to 20 times more H2 than its *** certain cases,both HER and OER can be driven in the same electrolyte using metal *** capacity of metal porphyrins to generate ROS(in particular,singlet oxygen 1O_(2))under ultrasonic treatment is known and can be successfully used for H_(2)O_(2) and O_(2) *** can be used in similar processes in free form or as composites with inorganic or organic counterparts,being immobilized on nanocarbons,metal oxides and salts,or simply dissolved in water acting in a homogeneous *** additional use of ultrasound can lead to better results due to the synergistic effect of the sonochemical treatment and ***-organic frameworks are also applied for WS purposes and are mainly based

关键词： Porphyrins Phthalocyanines COFs Water splitting Photocatalysis Electrocatalysis