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Are urbanization, biotic and social factors associated with the song frequency and song entropy attributes of three urban syntopic passerines?

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AVIAN RESEARCH 2025年第1期16卷 96-109页

作者： Diaz-Lezama, Xhareni rios-Chelen, alejandro Ariel Castellanos-Albores, Jorge Enriquez, Paula L. Colegio Frontera Sur Programa Posgrad Ciencias Recursos Nat & Desarroll Carr Panamer & Perifer Sur S NBarrio Ma Auxiliador San Cristobal de las Casa 29290 Chiapas Mexico Univ Autonoma Tlaxcala Ctr Tlaxcala Biol Conducta Univ 1Loma Xicohtencatl Ctr Tlaxcala 90000 Mexico Colegio Frontera Sur Dept Conservac Biodivers Carr Panamer & Perifer Sur S NBarrio Ma Auxiliado San Cristobal de las Casa 29290 Chiapas Mexico

Urban environments have challenging characteristics for bird acoustic communication. High levels of anthropogenic noise, as well as vegetation structure (e.g., in urban parks), can potentially affect the song frequency characteristics of several bird species. An additional factor such as the abundance of conspecific and heterospecific vocalizing birds may play an important role in determining the structure of bird songs. In this study, we analyzed whether noise levels, vegetation percentage, and abundance of conspecifics and heterospecifics influence the song characteristics of three syntopic songbird species: House Finch ( Haemorhous mexicanus), Rufous collared Sparrow ( Zonotrichia capensis), and House Sparrow ( Passer domesticus) living in urban sites. We recorded songs of these species and measured the peak frequency and entropy of their songs at 14 sites in the city of San Cristobal de Las Casas, Chiapas, Mexico. We found that the song peak frequency of House Finch and House Sparrow's songs was negatively related to the vegetation. The peak frequency of neither of the three species correlated with the average noise level. However, the abundances of conspecific and heterospecific were related to the peak frequency of the three species' songs. The entropy of the House Finch and House Sparrow songs was positively and negatively related, respectively, to noise levels. House Sparrow song entropy was negatively related to the percentage of vegetation. Song entropy of House Finches was negatively associated to conspecific and House Sparrow abundance. Song entropy of Rufous-collared Sparrows was positively related to conspecific abundance. In conclusion, the song peak frequency and song entropy of the three songbird species were differentially related to urban noise, vegetation, and conspecific and heterospecific abundance, suggesting these factors influence bird song characteristics.

关键词： Bird song Noise Song entropy Song peak frequency Vegetation

Continuous-flow columns packed with zero-valent iron and iron sulfide as a feasible strategy to remediate the persistent contaminant nitroguanidine

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Defence Technology(防务技术) 2025年第1期43卷 26-34页

作者： Youngjae Yu Erika E.rios-Valenciana Robert A.Root Reyes Sierra-Alvarez Jon Chorover Jim A.Field Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering The University of ArizonaP.O.Box 210011TucsonAZ 85721USA Department of Environmental Science The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA

The insensitive munitions compound nitroguanidine(NQ)is used by the *** to avoid unintended ***,NQ also represents an emerging contaminant whose environmental emissions can cause toxicity toward aquatic organisms,indicating the need for effective remediation ***,we investigated the feasibility of treating water contaminated with NQ in continuous-flow columns packed with zero-valent iron(ZVI)or iron sulfide(FeS).Initially,the impact of pH on NQ transformation by ZVI or FeS was evaluated in batch *** pseudo first-order rate constant for NQ transformation(k_(1,NQ))by ZVI was 8-10 times higher at pH 3.0 compared to pH 5.5 and 7.0,whereas similar k_(1,NQ)values were obtained for FeS at pH *** on these findings,the influent p H fed to the ZVIand Fe S-packed columns was adjusted to 3.0 and 5.5,*** reactors transformed NQ into nitrosoguanidine(Nso Q).Further transformation of Nso Q by ZVI produced aminoguanidine,guanidine,and cyanamide,whereas Nso Q transformation by Fe S produced guanidine,ammonium,and traces of *** outperformed Fe S as a reactive material to remove *** ZVI-packed column effectively removed NQ below detection even after 45 d of operation(490 pore volumes,PV).In contrast,NQ breakthrough(removal efficiency490 PV)suggest that the technology is a promising approach for NQ treatment in packed-bed reactors and in situ remediation.

关键词： Continuous water treatment Iron-based minerals Chemical reduction pH Aminoguanidine Guanidine

Amyloid-beta pathology-induced nanoscale synaptic disruption:the case of the GABA_B-GIRK assembly

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1409-1410页

作者： Rafael Lujan alejandro Martín-Belmonte Sergi Ferré Francisco Ciruela Synaptic Structure Laboratory Instituto de Biomedicina de la UCLM(IB-UCLM)Departamento de Ciencias MédicasInstituto de Investigación en Salud de Castilla-La Mancha(IDISCAM)Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Castilla-La ManchaCampus BiosanitarioC/AlmansaAlbaceteSpain Integrative Neurobiology Section National Institute on Drug AbuseIntramural Research ProgramNational Institutes of HealthBaltimoreMDUSA Pharmacology Unit Department of Pathology and Experimental TherapeuticsSchool of Medicine and Health SciencesInstitute of NeurosciencesUniversity of BarcelonaNeuropharmacology&Pain GroupNeuroscience ProgramBellvitge Institute for Biomedical ResearchL’Hospitalet de LlobregatSpain

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory brain networks,leading to aberrant homeostatic synaptic *** has progressively been recognized as syna ptopathy and syna ptic dysfunction has been identified as a key component of its pathogenesis (Schirinzi et al.,2020).Syna ptic dysfunction is believed to precede synapse loss,a primary biological correlate of cognitive decline in AD,inevita bly associated with neuronal death.

关键词： Alzheimer pathology

Are urbanization, biotic and social factors associated with the song frequency and song entropy attributes of three urban syntopic passerines?

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Avian Research 2025年第01期 96-109页

作者： Xhareni Díaz-Lezama alejandro Ariel Ríos-Chelén Jorge Castellanos-Albores Paula L.Enríquez Programa de Posgrado en Ciencias en Recursos Naturales y Desarrollo Rural El Colegio de la Frontera Sur.Carr.Panamericana y Periférico Sur s/n Barrio Ma.Auxiliadora Centro Tlaxcala de Biología de la Conducta Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala Departamento Conservación de la Biodiversidad El Colegio de la Frontera Sur Carr.Panamericana y Periférico Sur s/n Barrio Ma.Auxiliadora

Urban environments have challenging characteristics for bird acoustic communication. High levels of anthropogenic noise, as well as vegetation structure(e.g., in urban parks), can potentially affect the song frequency characteristics of several bird species. An additional factor such as the abundance of conspecific and heterospecific vocalizing birds may play an important role in determining the structure of bird songs. In this study, we analyzed whether noise levels, vegetation percentage, and abundance of conspecifics and heterospecifics influence the song characteristics of three syntopic songbird species: House Finch(Haemorhous mexicanus), Rufouscollared Sparrow(Zonotrichia capensis), and House Sparrow(Passer domesticus) living in urban sites. We recorded songs of these species and measured the peak frequency and entropy of their songs at 14 sites in the city of San Cristobal de Las Casas, Chiapas, Mexico. We found that the song peak frequency of House Finch and House Sparrow's songs was negatively related to the vegetation. The peak frequency of neither of the three species correlated with the average noise level. However, the abundances of conspecific and heterospecific were related to the peak frequency of the three species' songs. The entropy of the House Finch and House Sparrow songs was positively and negatively related, respectively, to noise levels. House Sparrow song entropy was negatively related to the percentage of vegetation. Song entropy of House Finches was negatively associated to conspecific and House Sparrow abundance. Song entropy of Rufous-collared Sparrows was positively related to conspecific abundance. In conclusion, the song peak frequency and song entropy of the three songbird species were differentially related to urban noise, vegetation, and conspecific and heterospecific abundance, suggesting these factors influence bird song characteristics.

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Differential response of injured and healthy retinas to syngeneic and allogeneic transplantation of a clonal cell line of immortalized olfactory ensheathing glia:a double-edged sword

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2395-2407页

作者： María Norte-Muñoz María Portela-Lomba Paloma Sobrado-Calvo Diana Simón Johnny Di Pierdomenico alejandro Gallego-Ortega Mar Pérez JoséMCabrera-Maqueda Javier Sierra Manuel Vidal-Sanz María Teresa Moreno-Flores Marta Agudo-Barriuso Grupo de Investigación Oftalmología Experimental Departamento de OftalmologíaOptometríaOtorrinolaringología y Anatomía PatológicaFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de MurciaInstituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria(IMIB)Campus de Ciencias de la SaludMurciaSpain Experimental Sciences Faculty Universidad Francisco de VitoriaPozuelo de AlarcónMadridSpain Anatomy Histology and Neuroscience DepartmentMedicine FacultyUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain Center of Neuroimmunology Service of NeurologyLaboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological DiseasesHospital Clínic of BarcelonaInstitut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer(IDIBAPS)and Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Medicine Faculty Universidad Francisco de VitoriaPozuelo de AlarcónMadridSpain

Olfactory ensheathing glia promote axonal regeneration in the mammalian central nervous system,including retinal ganglion cell axonal growth through the injured optic ***,it is unknown whether olfactory ensheathing glia also have neuroprotective *** ensheathing glia express brain-derived neurotrophic factor,one of the best neuroprotectants for axotomized retinal ganglion ***,we aimed to investigate the neuroprotective capacity of olfactory ensheating glia after optic nerve *** ensheathing glia cells from an established rat immortalized clonal cell line,TEG3,were intravitreally injected in intact and axotomized retinas in syngeneic and allogeneic mode with or without microglial inhibition or immunosuppressive *** and gene expression analyses were *** bulb-derived primary olfactory ensheathing glia and TEG3 express major histocompatibility complex classⅡ*** and syngenically transplanted TEG3 cells survived in the vitreous for up to 21 days,forming an *** axotomized retinas,only the allogeneic TEG3 transplant rescued retinal ganglion cells at 7 days but not at 21 *** these retinas,microglial anatomical activation was higher than after optic nerve crush *** intact retinas,both transplants activated microglial cells and caused retinal ganglion cell death at 21 days,a loss that was higher after allotransplantation,triggered by pyroptosis and partially rescued by microglial inhibition or ***,neuroprotection of axotomized retinal ganglion cells did not improve with these *** different neuroprotective properties,different toxic effects,and different responses to microglial inhibitory treatments of olfactory ensheathing glia in the retina depending on the type of transplant highlight the importance of thorough preclinical studies to explore these variables.

关键词： cell therapy immune recognition major histocompatibility complex class II(MHCII) neuroprotection olfactory ensheathing glia retinal ganglion cells

Computing the topology of an arrangement of implicitly defined real algebraic plane curves~§

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2008年第12期9卷 1685-1693页

作者： Jorge CARAVANTES Laureano GONZALEZ-vega Department of Mathematics Statistics and ComputationUniversity of CantabriaSantander39005CantabriaSpain

We introduce a new algebraic approach dealing with the problem of computing the topology of an arrangement of a finite set of real algebraic plane curves presented implicitly. The main achievement of the presented method is a complete avoidance of irrational numbers that appear when using the sweeping method in the classical way for solving the problem at hand. Therefore, it is worth mentioning that the efficiency of the proposed method is only assured for low-degree curves.

关键词： Topology computation Real plane curves Sweeping method

Diversity and seasonal variation of ground and understory spiders from a tropical mountain cloud forest

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Insect Science 2020年第4期27卷 826-844页

作者： Emmanuel F.Campuzano Guillermo Ibarra-Nunez Salima Machkour-M Rabet alejandro Moron-rios Maria Luisa Jimenez Colegio de la Frontera Sur(ECOSUR) Unidad TapachulaTapachulaChiapasMexico ECOSUR Unidad ChetumalChetumalQuintana RooMexico ECOSUR Unidad CampecheCampecheCampecheMexico Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas del Noroeste(CIBNOR) La PazBaja California SurMexico

We made intensive samplings to study the seasonal response of spiders across different forest strata(ground and understory)in a tropical mountain cloud forest from *** sampled spiders from ten plots in six sampling events during the dry and rainy season,to analyze their abundance,structure(distribution of abundance among species),diversity and the response of the five dominant species at each *** demonstrated that seasonal patterns of spider communities differed among strata,revealing a complex spatiotemporal ***,structure,diversity of ground spiders,as well as the responses of four dominant species at this stratum,showed low seasonal *** contrast,a strong seasonal variation was observed for the understory assemblage,with lowest abundance and highest diversity in the rainy season,and different assemblage structures for each *** patterns of each assemblage seem linked to the responses of their dominant *** found high co-occurrence among most of the ground dominant species with similar habitat use and with multivoltine patterns,contrasting with low co-occurrence among most of the understory dominant species with similar habitat use and univoltine *** results showed that the spiders’assemblages of tropical mountain cloud forest(opposed to what is found in temperate and boreal forests)increase their species richness with the height,and that their responses to seasonal change differ between *** programs of these habitats should consider the spatial and temporal variations found here,as a better understanding of their ecological dynamics is required to support their sustainable management.

关键词： community structure El Triunfo Biosphere Reserve interspecific competition Mexico temporal change vertical stratification

Stochastic Contrast Measures for SAR Data: A Survey

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雷达学报（中英文） 2019年第6期8卷 758-781页

作者： alejandro C.Frery La CCAN–Laboratório de Computa??o Científica e Análise Numérica Universidade Federal de Alagoas

“Contrast”is an generic denomination for“difference”.Measures of contrast are a powerful tool in image processing and analysis,e.g.,in denoising,edge detection,segmentation,classification,parameter estimation,change detection,and feature *** present a survey on techniques that aim at measuring the contrast between(i)samples of SAR imagery,and(ii)samples and models,with emphasis on those that employ the statistical properties of the data.

关键词： Contrast Divergence Entropy Geodesic distance Statistics Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR)

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WTO改革的现状、挑战与中国担当

国际经济评论 2025年第1期 59-83,5,6页

作者： [智利]阿莱杭德罗·哈拉谈晓文不详上海对外经贸大学世界贸易组织讲席(中国)研究院

多边贸易体制下,各国利益紧密交织,世界贸易组织(WTO)的改革面临错综复杂的挑战。在WTO履行争端解决职能的过程中,一些成员对WTO规则的解释存在分歧,这主要源于缺乏新规则和新纪律的引导。而这种规则的缺失,又在很大程度上归因于贸易谈... 详细信息

多边贸易体制下,各国利益紧密交织,世界贸易组织(WTO)的改革面临错综复杂的挑战。在WTO履行争端解决职能的过程中,一些成员对WTO规则的解释存在分歧,这主要源于缺乏新规则和新纪律的引导。而这种规则的缺失,又在很大程度上归因于贸易谈判功能受阻。因此,争端解决机制停摆、贸易谈判功能受阻以及成员间存在较大分歧,这些问题相互交织、环环相扣,需要从整体上进行综合分析和研判。尽管WTO改革在投资便利化、电子商务等部分领域取得了一定进展,但从改革效果来看,尚未取得实质性突破。WTO改革的难点主要体现在以下几方面:农业领域议题与工业等非农业领域议题相互捆绑,凸显议题交织的复杂性;各发展中成员具有不同的利益诉求,这对特殊与差别待遇的灵活设计提出了更高要求;信息技术的高速发展正在重塑透明度机制,旧的规则已难以适应新形势下的需求;争端解决机制的改革缺乏强有力的领导者,当前的临时上诉安排未能从根本上解决问题。鉴于美国、欧洲国家对WTO改革缺乏热情以及印度的消极态度,中国应当承担起与自身规模和实力相匹配的特殊大国责任,主动组织改革对话,积极提出改革方案,推动关于新规则和新纪律的谈判进程,从而激活多边贸易体制的活力,推动其朝着更加平等公正、合作共赢的方向发展。

关键词： WTO改革争端解决机制补贴规则和纪律农业问题透明度