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Differential response of injured and healthy retinas to syngeneic and allogeneic transplantation of a clonal cell line of immortalized olfactory ensheathing glia:a double-edged sword

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2395-2407页

作者： María Norte-Muñoz María Portela-Lomba Paloma Sobrado-Calvo Diana Simón Johnny Di Pierdomenico alejandro Gallego-Ortega Mar Pérez JoséMCabrera-Maqueda Javier Sierra Manuel Vidal-Sanz María Teresa Moreno-Flores Marta Agudo-Barriuso Grupo de Investigación Oftalmología Experimental Departamento de OftalmologíaOptometríaOtorrinolaringología y Anatomía PatológicaFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de MurciaInstituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria(IMIB)Campus de Ciencias de la SaludMurciaSpain Experimental Sciences Faculty Universidad Francisco de VitoriaPozuelo de AlarcónMadridSpain Anatomy Histology and Neuroscience DepartmentMedicine FacultyUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain Center of Neuroimmunology Service of NeurologyLaboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological DiseasesHospital Clínic of BarcelonaInstitut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer(IDIBAPS)and Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Medicine Faculty Universidad Francisco de VitoriaPozuelo de AlarcónMadridSpain

Olfactory ensheathing glia promote axonal regeneration in the mammalian central nervous system,including retinal ganglion cell axonal growth through the injured optic ***,it is unknown whether olfactory ensheathing glia also have neuroprotective *** ensheathing glia express brain-derived neurotrophic factor,one of the best neuroprotectants for axotomized retinal ganglion ***,we aimed to investigate the neuroprotective capacity of olfactory ensheating glia after optic nerve *** ensheathing glia cells from an established rat immortalized clonal cell line,TEG3,were intravitreally injected in intact and axotomized retinas in syngeneic and allogeneic mode with or without microglial inhibition or immunosuppressive *** and gene expression analyses were *** bulb-derived primary olfactory ensheathing glia and TEG3 express major histocompatibility complex classⅡ*** and syngenically transplanted TEG3 cells survived in the vitreous for up to 21 days,forming an *** axotomized retinas,only the allogeneic TEG3 transplant rescued retinal ganglion cells at 7 days but not at 21 *** these retinas,microglial anatomical activation was higher than after optic nerve crush *** intact retinas,both transplants activated microglial cells and caused retinal ganglion cell death at 21 days,a loss that was higher after allotransplantation,triggered by pyroptosis and partially rescued by microglial inhibition or ***,neuroprotection of axotomized retinal ganglion cells did not improve with these *** different neuroprotective properties,different toxic effects,and different responses to microglial inhibitory treatments of olfactory ensheathing glia in the retina depending on the type of transplant highlight the importance of thorough preclinical studies to explore these variables.

关键词： cell therapy immune recognition major histocompatibility complex class II(MHCII) neuroprotection olfactory ensheathing glia retinal ganglion cells

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利用原子和光合成扭曲双层材料

Science Bulletin 2023年第6期68卷 557-558,M0003页

作者： alejandro González-Tudela Institute of Fundamental Physics IFF-CSIC Calle Serrano 113bMadrid 28006Spain

Sometimes, an apparently naive approach can have a large impact on physics. That was the case when Geim, Novoselov, and coworkers isolated graphene for the first time by exfoliating sheets from graphite using Scotch tape. The isolation of this wonder material led to a revolution in condensed-matter physics and eventually earned them the 2010 Nobel Prize in Physics.

关键词：光合成 eventually earned

Stochastic Contrast Measures for SAR Data: A Survey

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雷达学报（中英文） 2019年第6期8卷 758-781页

作者： alejandro C.Frery La CCAN–Laboratório de Computa??o Científica e Análise Numérica Universidade Federal de Alagoas

“Contrast”is an generic denomination for“difference”.Measures of contrast are a powerful tool in image processing and analysis,e.g.,in denoising,edge detection,segmentation,classification,parameter estimation,change detection,and feature *** present a survey on techniques that aim at measuring the contrast between(i)samples of SAR imagery,and(ii)samples and models,with emphasis on those that employ the statistical properties of the data.

关键词： Contrast Divergence Entropy Geodesic distance Statistics Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR)

Chronic epididymitis and Grade III varicocele and their associations with semen characteristics in men consulting for couple infertility

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2018年第4期20卷 360-365页

作者： alejandro Oliva Luc Multigner Center for Interdisciplinary Studies National University of Rosario Rosario 2000 Argentina University of Rennes Inserm EHESP Irset (Institut de recherche en sante environnement et travail) UMR_S 1085 Rennes F-35000 France

Chronic epididymitis and varicocele are frequently observed genital disorders in men consulting for couple infertility, but their impact on semen characteristics at the time of infertility consultation is still a matter of debate. We investigated 652 male partners of couples who had their first infertility consultation between 1999 and 2015 in Argentina. Men with chronic epididymitis （n = 253）, Grade III varicocele （n = 106）, and both conditions （n = 125） were compared with a control group （n = 168） composed of men without these disorders or any other recognized causes of male infertility. We showed that men who presented isolated chronic epididymitis were more likely to have high percentages of low sperm motility and abnormal sperm morphology as well as a high number of white blood cells. Men with isolated Grade III varicocele had low sperm production and motility and an increased percentage of abnormal sperm morphology. Finally, men who simultaneously presented chronic epididymitis with Grade III varicocele had a low sperm motility and increased percentage of abnormal sperm morphology as well as a high number of white blood cells. Physical examination of the genital organs may identify common disorders, potentially involved as causal factors of patient＇s infertility. These disorders are associated with specific seminal profiles that should help in identifying the best treatment from the available therapeutic options, effectiveness, safety, and allowing as much as possible natural conception.

关键词： couple subfertility epididymitis male factor infertility semen quality varicocele

Vee-tail conceptual design criteria for commercial transport aeroplanes

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2019年第3期32卷 595-610页

作者： alejandro SANCHEZ-CARMONA Cristina CUERNO-REJADO Faculty of Aerospace Engineering Department of Aircraft and Spacecraft Technical University of Madrid (Universidad Poltécnica de Madrid)

Vee-tail configuration is an unconventional tail configuration for commercial transport aviation, the use of which could suppose reductions on CO2 emissions. The conceptual design criteria have been selected inspired on the certification requirements established by the aviation regulation in force. They are static stability in cruise, control after Critical Engine Failure(CEF),control in crosswind landing, and trim in these three conditions. The study is carried out through a combination of semi-empirical techniques and Vortex-Lattice Methods(VLM) and thus this analyses the consequences of applying these criteria to a reference aeroplane substituting its conventional tail by a parametrised Vee-tail configuration. The Vee-tail is defined by four parameters:span, root chord, taper ratio and dihedral angle. The results of the study establish a relation between the parameters in order to accomplish the proposed conceptual design criteria. To sum up, minimum and maximum limits are obtained for dihedral angle depending on the combination of the rest of parameters. In addition, a design restriction to the yawing trailing-edge tail control is reached when the results are analysed, demonstrating that its minimum size must be between 60%and 80% of the half-span of the tail, depending on the Vee-tail geometry.

关键词： Commercial transport aeroplane Conceptual aircraft design Tail design requirements Unconventional tail design Vee-tail

A CONTRIBUTION TO THE SCIENTIFIC FOUNDATIONS OF SYSTEMS ENGINEERING： SOLUTION SPACES AND REQUIREMENTS

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2017年第5期26卷 549-589页

作者： alejandro Salado Roshanak Nilchiani Dinesh Verma Grado Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA 24061 USA School of Systems and Enterprises Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken N J 07030 USA

Some researchers have suggested that scientific foundations expressed in a mathematical form are needed to thrust the success of systems engineering as a discipline on its own merit. In order to contribute the development of such systems science, this paper investigates from a foundational standpoint the relationships between stakeholder needs, system requirements, and sets of systems. Various theorems and corollaries are proposed and mathematically proven. The theoretical elements are presented as a foundation for the development of a science for requirements engineering. The proposed foundations are finally tested to mathematically describe, in a rigorous and precise manner, qualities of good requirements, which are otherwise traditionally defined using vague narrative. By showcasing practical examples of the theoretical aspects, the paper is intended to serve as a bridge between practitioners and theorists.

关键词： Systems science systems theory requirements engineering mathematical formulation,requirements qualities formal concepts

’Emulsion locks’ for the containment of hydrocarbons during surfactant flushing

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第4期32卷 98-109页

作者： Kristine Lamont alejandro GMarangoni Erica Pensini University of Guelph School of Engineering50 Stone Road EastGwelph ONNIG 2W1Canada University of Guelph Food Science Department50 Stone Road EastGuelph ONNIG 2WlCanada

Reversible double water in oil in water(W/O/W)emulsions were developed to contain subsurface hydrocarbon spills during their remediation using surfactant *** emulsions were prepared by emulsifying CaCl2 solutions in canola oil,and subsequently by emulsifying the W/O emulsions in aqueous sodium alginate *** formation of double emulsions was confirmed with confocal and optical *** double emulsions reversed and gelled when mixed with the surfactants sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS)and cocamidopropyl betaine(CPB).Gels can act as’emulsion locks’to prevent spreading of the hydrocarbon plume from the areas treated with surfactant flushing,as shown in sand column *** rheology was used to quantify the viscoelastic moduli increase(gelation)upon mixing the double emulsion with SDS and *** was more effective than CPB in gelling the double *** and SDS could adsorb at the interface between water and model hydrocarbons(toluene and motor oil),lowering the interfacial tension and rigidifying the interface(as shown with a Langmuir trough).Bottle tests and optical microscopy showed that SDS and CPB produced W/O and O/W emulsions,with either toluene or motor oil and *** emulsification of motor oil and toluene in water with SDS and CPB facilitated their flow through sand columns and their *** recovery from sand columns was quantitated using Gas-Chromatography MassSpectroscopy(GC-MS).The data show that SDS and CPB can be used both for surfactant flushing and to trigger the gelation of’emulsion locks’.Ethanol also gelled the emulsions at100 mL/L.

关键词： Remediation Emulsion Hydrocarbons Surfactant Rheology Langmuir trough

Risk factors connected to gastrointestinal parasites in mantled Alouatta palliata mexicana and black howler monkeys Alouatta pigra living in continuous and in fragmented rainforests in Mexico

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Current Zoology 2012年第3期58卷 375-383页

作者： Genoveva TREJO-MACIAS alejandro ESTRADA Estacien de Biologfa Tropical Los Tuxtlas Instituto de BiologiaUNAMCircuito Exterior junto a Jardfn BotainicoM6xicoDEMexico

In this study we document the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites （helminths and protozoans） found in fecal samples of populations of Alouatta palliata mexicana and ofA. pigra in Los Tuxtlas and in Palenque, southeast Mexico, and its re- lation to habitat condition, sex/age and season. Nineteen parasite morphotypes were detected in the fecal samples from populations of the two howler monkeys, of which 58% were shared by both species. When considering all parasite species, populations of the two howler species were more likely to be parasitized in fragmented habitat compared to continuous habitat. Individuals of both howler monkey species that lived in fragmented habitat had a higher prevalence of Controrchis biliophilus. A. p. mexicana individuals had a higher prevalence of Trypanoxyuris minutus than A. pigra, probably the result of the larger group sizes found in the former species, and T. minutus was more likely to be found in A. palliata individuals that lived in fragmented habitat. Adult A. p. mexicana males had a higher risk of being parasitized compared to adult females, but these differences were not detected in A. pigra, Parasite species such as Entamoeba sp., Nematoda sp. 28, Nematoda sp. B and Parabronema sp. where only found during the wet season in both howler monkey species. Populations of both howler monkey species had a higher prevalence of Nematoda sp. A in the wet season and Ascaridae eggs were only detected during the wet season in A. pigra. Other parasites detected displayed no clear seasonal pattern [Current Zoology 58 （3）： 375-383, 2012].

关键词： Gastrointestinal parasites Habitat fragmentation Seasonality Alouatta palliata mexicana Alouatta pigra Mexico

Polymeric nanocarriers for nose-to-brain drug delivery in neurodegenerative diseases and neurodevelopmental disorders

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2023年第5期13卷 1866-1886页

作者： Rania Awad Avi Avital alejandro Sosnik Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Nanomaterials Science Department of Materials Science and EngineeringTechnion-Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa 3200003Israel Behavioral Neurobiology Laboratory Department of Occupational TherapyFaculty of Social Welfare and Health SciencesUniversity of HaifaHaifa 3498838Israel

Neurodegenerative diseases are progressive conditions that affect the neurons of the central nervous system(CNS)and result in their damage and *** disorders include intellectual disability,autism spectrum disorder,and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and stem from the disruption of essential neurodevelopmental *** treatment of neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental conditions,together affecting~120 million people worldwide,is challenged by the blood—brain barrier(BBB)and the blood—cerebrospinal fluid barrier that prevent the crossing of drugs from the systemic circulation into the *** nose-to-brain pathway that bypasses the BBB and increases the brain bioavailability of intranasally administered drugs is promising to improve the treatment of CNS *** pathway is more efficient for nanoparticles than for solutions,hence,the research on intranasal nano-drug delivery systems has grown exponentially over the last *** nanoparticles have become key players in the field owing to the high design and synthetic *** review describes the challenges faced for the treatment of neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental conditions,the molecular and cellular features of the nasal mucosa and the contribution of intranasal nano-drug delivery to overcome ***,a comprehensive overview of polymeric nanocarriers investigated to increase drug bioavailability in the brain is introduced.

关键词： Neurodegenerative diseases Neurodevelopmental disorders Central nervous system Blood—brain barrier Nano-drug delivery systems Nose-to-brain pathway Intranasal administration Polymeric nanoparticles Polymeric micelles Dendrimers