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Comprehensive Analysis of Pan-African Mitochondrial DNA Variation Provides New Insights into Continental Variation and Demography

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2016年第3期43卷 133-143页

作者： Maria Cerezo Leonor Gusmao Viktor Cerny Nabeel Uddin Denise Syndercombe-Court alberto Gdmez-Carballa Tanja Gobel Peter M. Schneider Antonio salas Unidade de Xenetica Departamento de Anatomia Patoloxica e Ciencias Forenses Instituto de Medicina Legal Facultade de Medicina Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Galicia 15782 Spain The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute Hinxton CBIO 1SA UK DNA Diagnostic Laboratory Institute of Biology State University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro 20550-900 Brazil IPATIMUP Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto Porto 4200-465 Portugal Archaeogenetics Laboratory Institute of Archaeology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Prague 118-01 Czech Republic Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine King's College London London SE1 9NH UK Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry Blizard Institute London E1 2AT UK Institute of Legal Medicine Medical Faculty University of Cologne Cologne D-50823 Germany

Africa is the cradle of all human beings, and although it has been the focus of a number of genetic studies, there are many questions that remain unresolved. We have performed one of the largest and most comprehensive meta-analyses of mitochondrial DNA （mtDNA） lineages carried out in the African continent to date. We generated high-throughput mtDNA single nucleotide polymorphism （SNP） data （230 SNPs） from 2024 Africans, where more than 500 of them were additionally genotyped for the control region. These data were analyzed together with over 12,700 control region profiles collected from the literature, representing more than 300 population samples from Africa. Insights into the African homeland of humans are discussed. Phylogeographic patterns for the African continent are shown at a high phylogeographic resolution as well as at the population and regional levels. The deepest branch of the mtDNA tree, haplogroup L0, shows the highest sub-haplogroup diversity in Southeast and East Africa, suggesting this region as the homeland for modem humans. Several demographic estimates point to the coast as a facilitator of human migration in Africa, but the data indicate complex patterns, perhaps mirroring the effect of recent continental-scaled demographic events in re-shaping African mtDNA variability.

关键词： mtDNA Haplotype Haplogroup SNP MALDI-TOF

Chiral Symmetry Breaking for Fermions Charged under Large Lie Groups

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2019年第4期71卷 410-416页

作者： Felipe J.Llanes-Estrada Alexandre salas-Bernardez Depto.Fisica Teorica Universidad Complutense de Madrid

We reexamine the dynamical generation of mass for fermions charged under various Lie groups with equal charge and mass at a high Grand Uni?cation scale, extending the Renormalization Group Equations in the perturbativ... 详细信息

关键词： standard model group running fermion mass grand unification scale

A new approach for modelling the damped Helmholtz oscillator:applications to plasma physics and electronic circuits

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2021年第3期73卷 119-130页

作者： S A El-Tantawy Alvaro H salas M R Alharthi Department of Physics Faculty of SciencePort Said UniversityPort Said 42521Egypt Research Center for Physics(RCP) Department of PhysicsFaculty of Science and ArtsAl-MikhwahAl-Baha UniversitySaudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Universidad National de ColombiaUniversidad National de Colombia-Nubia Campus Derpartment of Mathematics and Statistics FIZMAKO Research GroupColombia Department of Mathematics and Statistics College of ScienceTaif UniversityPO Box 11099Taif 21944Saudi Arabia

In this paper,a new approach is devoted to find novel analytical and approximate solutions to the damped quadratic nonlinear Helmholtz equation(HE)in terms of the Weiersrtrass elliptic *** exact solution for undamped HE(integrable case)and approximate/semi-analytical solution to the damped HE(non-integrable case)are given for any arbitrary initial *** a special case,the necessary and sufficient condition for the integrability of the damped HE using an elementary approach is *** general,a new ansatz is suggested to find a semi-analytical solution to the non-integrable case in the form of Weierstrass elliptic *** addition,the relation between the Weierstrass and Jacobian elliptic functions solutions to the integrable case will be derived in ***,we will make a comparison between the semi-analytical solution and the approximate numerical solutions via using Runge-Kutta fourth-order method,finite difference method,and homotopy perturbation method for the first-two ***,the maximum distance errors between the approximate/semi-analytical solution and the approximate numerical solutions will be *** real applications,the obtained solutions will be devoted to describe the characteristics behavior of the oscillations in RLC series circuits and in various plasma models such as electronegative complex plasma model.

关键词： damped and undamped Helmholtz equation Korteweg-de Vries type equation plasma oscillations nonlinear RLC circuits Weierstrass ellliptic function periodical solution

Mitochondrial DNA as a Risk Factor for False Positives in Case-Control Association Studies

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2015年第4期42卷 169-172页

作者： Antonio salas Joanna L.Elson Unidade de Xenética Instituto de Medicina Legaland Departamento de Anatomía Patolóxica e Ciencias ForensesFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de Santiago de CompostelaGalicia 15782Spain Mitochondrial Research Group Institute of Genetic MedicineCentre for LifeNewcastle University Centre for Human Metabolomics North-West University

During the last decade, hundreds of studies have been pub- lished examining whether significant associations exist be- tween mitochondrial DNA （mtDNA） variants and/or haplogroups （clades） and particular diseases （generally com- mon/complex diseases）（Fig. 1）. However, several authors have gathered evidence indicating a high incidence of false positive findings in mtDNA case-control association studies. Raule et al. （2007） and Herrnstadt and Howell （2004） showed various problems affecting mtDNA case-control association studies. salas et al.

关键词： DNA Mitochondrial DNA as a Risk Factor for False Positives in Case-Control Association Studies

Hardware-programmable optical networks

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2016年第10期59卷 21-32页

作者： Shuangyi YAN Emilio HUGUES-salas Yanni OU Reza NEJABATI Dimitra SIMEONIDOU High Performance Networks Group University of Bristol

For future multi-dimensional optical networks, vast network resources provided by space division multiplexing and wavelength division multiplexing technologies, require new network architectures to scale up current network functions. The huge switch-granularity range requires a more dynamic way to deploy network resources. In this paper, we proposed a hardware-programmable optical network which deploys network resources according to incoming traffic requests. The proposed network supports node function programmability and node architecture adaptability, which are critical for dynamic function and resources deployments. Architecture-onDemand based node architecture adapts node architectures and also enables network function programmability by incorporating with several flexible node functions. Other enabling technologies, such as ubiquitous power monitoring and dynamic optical power management, assures the programmable optical node work *** on all these technologies, we established a hardware-programmable optical network testbed. Several use cases were demonstrated successfully, such as dynamic power equalization and optical debugging. These work verified the feasibility of hardware-programmable optical network, which dynamically allocate network resources for service provision. The proposed hardware programmable optical network will lead to a better hardware utilization and provide a possible solution for the future multi-dimensional optical network.

关键词： optical networks flexibility network function programmability

Coherent video generation for multiple hand-held cameras with dynamic foreground

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Computational Visual Media 2020年第3期6卷 291-306页

作者： Fang-Lue Zhang Connelly Barnes Hao-Tian Zhang Junhong Zhao Gabriel salas Victoria University of Wellington Wellington 6012New Zealand Adobe Research SeattleUSA Stanford University San FranciscoUSA

For many social events such as public performances, multiple hand-held cameras may capture the same event. This footage is often collected by amateur cinematographers who typically have little control over the scene and may not pay close attention to the camera. For these reasons, each individually captured video may fail to cover the whole time of the event, or may lose track of interesting foreground content such as a performer. We introduce a new algorithm that can synthesize a single smooth video sequence of moving foreground objects captured by multiple hand-held cameras. This allows later viewers to gain a cohesive narrative experience that can transition between different cameras, even though the input footage may be less than ideal. We first introduce a graph-based method for selecting a good transition route. This allows us to automatically select good cut points for the hand-held videos, so that smooth transitions can be created between the resulting video shots. We also propose a method to synthesize a smooth photorealistic transition video between each pair of hand-held cameras, which preserves dynamic foreground content during this transition. Our experiments demonstrate that our method outperforms previous state-of-the-art methods, which struggle to preserve dynamic foreground content.

关键词： dynamic preserve camera

Intelligent windows for electricity generation: A technologies review

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Building Simulation 2022年第10期15卷 1747-1773页

作者： Manlio salas Castillo Xiao Liu Fedaa Abd-AIHamid Karen Connelly Yupeng Wu Department of Architecture and Built Environment Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of NottinghamUniversity Park NottinghamNG7 2RDUK Department of Architecture Faculty of Architecture and DesignAI-Zaytoonah University of JordanAmmanJordan

Buildings are responsible for over 40% of total primary energy consumption in the US and EU and therefore improving building energy efficiency has significant potential for obtaining net-zero energy buildings reducing energy consumption. The concurrent demands of environmental comfort and the need to improve energy efficiency for both new and existing buildings have motivated research into finding solutions for the regulation of incoming solar radiation, as well as ensuring occupant thermal and visual comfort whilst generating energy onsite. Windows as building components offer the opportunity of addressing these issues in buildings. Building integration of photovoltaics permits building components such as semi-transparent façade, skylights and shading devices to be replaced with PV. Much progress has been made in photovoltaic material science, where smart window development has evolved in areas such as semi-transparent PV, electrochromic and thermochromic materials, luminescent solar concentrator and the integration of each of the latter technologies to buildings, specifically windows. This paper presents a review on intelligent window technologies that integrate renewable energy technologies with energy-saving strategies contributing potential solutions towards sustainable zero-energy buildings. This review is a comprehensive evaluation of intelligent windows focusing on state-of-the-art development in windows that can generate electricity and their electrical, thermal and optical characteristics. This review provides a summary of current work in intelligent window design for energy generation and gives recommendations for further research opportunities.

关键词： intelligent window electricity generation photovoltaic building integrated PV solar concentrator electricity-generating smart window

Rapid-onset antidepressant efficacy of glutamatergic system modulators:The neural plasticity hypothesis of depression

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2015年第1期31卷 75-86页

作者： Jing Wang Liang Jing Juan-Carlos Toledo-salas Lin Xu Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province Kunming Institute of Zoology KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of Sciences Kunming College of Life Science University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences

Depression is a devastating psychiatric disorder widely attributed to defi cient monoaminergic signaling in the central nervous system. However,most clinical antidepressants enhance monoaminergic neurotransmission with little delay but require 4-8 weeks to reach therapeutic efficacy,a paradox suggesting that the monoaminergic hypothesis of depression is an oversimplifi cation. In contrast to the antidepressants targeting the monoaminergic system,a single dose of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor（NMDAR） antagonist ketamine produces rapid（within 2 h） and sustained（over 7 days） antidepressant effi cacy in treatment-resistant patients. Glutamatergic transmission mediated by NMDARs is critical for experience-dependent synaptic plasticity and learning,processes that can be modifi ed indirectly by the monoaminergic system. To better understand the mechanisms of action of the new antidepressants like ketamine,we review and compare the monoaminergic and glutamatergic antidepressants,with emphasis on neural plasticity. The pathogenesis of depression may involve maladaptive neural plasticity in glutamatergic circuits that may serve as a new class of targets to produce rapid antidepressant effects.

关键词： depression stress neural plasticity glutamatergic transmission monoamine-based antidepressant ketamine

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Abronia villosa as an Alternative to Control of Pathogenic Microorganisms

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2020年第1期8卷 69-78页

作者： Ali Abdelmoteleb Benjamin Valdez-salas Ernesto Beltran-Partida Daniel Gonzalez-Mendoza Botany Department Faculty of AgricultureMenoufia UniversityShebin El-Kom32511Egypt Instituto de Ingeniería de la Universidad Autónoma de Baja California MexicaliBaja California21100México Instituto de Ciencias Agrícolas de la Universidad Autónoma de Baja California(ICA-UABC) Ejido Nuevo LeónBaja California21705México

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial and antifungal activities of eco-friendly synthesized silver *** silver nanoparticles were synthesized by biological method using aqueous extract of Abronia *** of silver nanoparticles was confirmed by color change and characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy,scanning electron microscope(SEM),energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX),dynamic light scattering(DLS),and zeta potential *** SEM analysis revealed the presence of spherical silver nanoparticles of the size range 21 to 33 *** silver nanoparticles were used to evaluate their antibacterial effects at different concentrations(25,50,75 and 100μg/ml)on gram negative and gram positive *** biggest halo zone was observed at 75 and 100μg/ml concentrations of silver nanoparticles against both gram positive and gram negative *** activity of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles was evaluated against seven different phytopathogenic *** showed high inhibition of radial growth toward all tested *** highest inhibition of fungal growth by AgNPs was recorded against Macrophomina phaseolina(86.06±0.92%).Biosynthesized AgNPs using plant extract are a promising to use safety for various biomedical and agricultural applications.

关键词： Antibacterial activity antifungal activity green synthesis