检索结果-南通市图书馆

Examining pathogenic concepts of autoimmune hepatitis for cues to future investigations and interventions

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第45期25卷 6579-6606页

作者： albert j Czaja Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science

BACKGROUND Multiple pathogenic mechanisms have been implicated in autoimmune hepatitis,but they have not fully explained susceptibility,triggering events,and maintenance or escalation of the ***,they have not identified a critical defect that can be *** goals of this review are to examine the diverse pathogenic mechanisms that have been considered in autoimmune hepatitis,indicate investigational opportunities to validate their contribution,and suggest interventions that might evolve to modify their *** abstracts were identified in PubMed by multiple search *** length articles were selected for review,and secondary and tertiary bibliographies were *** and epigenetic factors can affect susceptibility by influencing the expression of immune regulatory *** dysfunction,possibly related to deficient production of programmed cell death protein-1,can allow autoreactive T cells to escape deletion,and alterations in the intestinal microbiome may help overcome immune tolerance and affect gender *** factors may trigger the disease or induce epigenetic changes in gene *** mimicry,epitope spread,bystander activation,neo-antigen production,lymphocytic polyspecificity,and disturbances in immune inhibitory mechanisms may maintain or escalate the *** that modify epigenetic effects on gene expression,alter intestinal dysbiosis,eliminate deleterious environmental factors,and target critical pathogenic mechanisms are therapeutic possibilities that might reduce risk,individualize management,and improve *** conclusion,diverse pathogenic mechanisms have been implicated in autoimmune hepatitis,and they may identify a critical factor or sequence that can be validated and used to direct future management and preventive strategies.

关键词： Autoimmune hepatitis Pathogenesis Epigenetics Molecular mimicry Epitope spread Intestinal microbiome

Incorporating mucosal-associated invariant T cells into the pathogenesis of chronic liver disease

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第25期27卷 3705-3733页

作者： albert j Czaja Department of Medicine Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and ScienceRochesterMN 55905United States

Mucosal-associated invariant T(MAIT)cells have been described in liver and nonliver diseases,and they have been ascribed antimicrobial,immune regulatory,protective,and pathogenic *** goals of this review are to describe their biological properties,indicate their involvement in chronic liver disease,and encourage investigations that clarify their actions and therapeutic *** abstracts were identified in PubMed by multiple search terms,and bibliographies were *** cells are activated by restricted non-peptides of limited diversity and by multiple inflammatory *** pro-inflammatory,anti-inflammatory,and immune regulatory cytokines are released;infected cells are eliminated;and memory cells *** MAIT cells are hyper-activated,immune exhausted,dysfunctional,and depleted in chronic liver *** phenotype lacks disease-specificity,and it does not predict the biological *** cells have presumed protective actions in chronic viral hepatitis,alcoholic hepatitis,non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,primary sclerosing cholangitis,and decompensated *** have pathogenic and pro-fibrotic actions in autoimmune hepatitis and mixed actions in primary biliary *** factors in the hepatic microenvironment(cytokines,bile acids,gut-derived bacterial antigens,and metabolic by-products)may modulate their response in individual *** manipulations of function are warranted to establish an association with disease severity and *** conclusion,MAIT cells constitute a disease-nonspecific,immune response to chronic liver inflammation and *** pathological role has been deduced from their deficiencies during active liver disease,and future investigations must clarify this role,link it to outcome,and explore therapeutic interventions.

关键词： Innate-like lymphocytes Antimicrobial Immune regulatory Pathogenic Mucosal-associated invariant T cell

Factoring the intestinal microbiome into the pathogenesis of autoimmune hepatitis

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第42期22卷 9257-9278页

作者： albert j Czaja Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo Clinic College of Medicine

The intestinal microbiome is a reservoir of microbial antigens and activated immune cells. The aims of this review were to describe the role of the intestinal microbiome in generating innate and adaptive immune responses, indicate how these responses contribute to the development of systemic immune-mediated diseases, and encourage investigations that improve the understanding and management of autoimmune hepatitis. Alterations in the composition of the intestinal microflora(dysbiosis) can disrupt intestinal and systemic immune tolerances for commensal bacteria. Toll-like receptors within the intestine can recognize microbe-associated molecular patterns and shape subsets of T helper lymphocytes that may cross-react with host antigens(molecular mimicry). Activated gutderived lymphocytes can migrate to lymph nodes, and gut-derived microbial antigens can translocate to extra-intestinal sites. Inflammasomes can form within hepatocytes and hepatic stellate cells, and they can drive the pro-inflammatory, immune-mediated, and fibrotic responses. Diet, designer probiotics, vitamin supplements, re-colonization methods, antibiotics, drugs that decrease intestinal permeability, and molecular interventions that block signaling pathways may emerge as adjunctive regimens that complement conventional immunosuppressive management. In conclusion, investigations of the intestinal microbiome are warranted in autoimmune hepatitis and promise to clarify pathogenic mechanisms and suggest alternative management strategies.

关键词： Intestinal microbiome Inflammasomes Autoimmune hepatitis Dysbiosis Toll-like receptors

Recent Trends in Satellite-Derived Chlorophyll and Aerosol Optical Depth Together with Simulated Dimethylsulfide in the Eastern China Marginal Seas

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

journal of Ocean University of China 2022年第2期21卷 486-498页

作者： QU Bo GABRIC albert j. School of Science Nantong UniversityNantong 266000China School of Environment and Science Griffith UniversityBrisbaneQLDAustralia

The biogenic compound dimethylsulfide(DMS)produced by a range of marine biota is the major natural source of re-duced sulfur to the atmosphere and plays a major role in the formation and evolution of aerosols,potentially affecting *** spatio-temporal distribution of satellite-derived chlorophyll_a(CHL)and aerosol optical depth(AOD)for the recent years(2011-2019)in the Eastern China Marginal Seas(ECMS)(25°-40°N,120°-130°E)are *** seasonal CHL peaks occurred during late April and the CHL distribution displays a clear zonal *** CHL was also observed along the northern and western coastlines during summer and winter *** analysis shows that mean CHL decreases by about 10%over the 9-year study period,while AOD was higher in south and lower in north during summertime.A genetic algorithm technique is used to calibrate the key model parameters and simulations are carried out for 2015,a year when field data was *** simulation results show that DMS seawater concentration ranges from 1.56 to 5.88 nmol L^(−1) with a mean value of 2.76 nmol L^(−1).DMS sea-air flux ranges from 2.66 to 5.00mmol m^(−2) d^(−1) with mean of 3.80mmol m^(−2) d^(−1).Positive correlations of about 0.5 between CHL and AOD were found in the study region,with higher correlations along the coasts of jiangsu and Zhejiang *** elevated CHL concentration along the west coast is correlated with increased sea-water concentrations of DMS in the *** results suggest a possible influ-ence of DMS-derived aerosol in the local ECMS atmosphere,especially along the western coastline of ECMS.

关键词： dimethylsulfide sea-to-air flux chlorophyll-a aerosol optical depth biogeochemical model Eastern China Marginal Seas

Using genetic algorithms to calibrate a dimethylsulfide production model in the Arctic Ocean

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Chinese journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2010年第3期28卷 573-582页

作者：瞿波 GABRIC j.albert Nantong University Griffith University

The global climate is intimately connected to changes in the polar oceans. The variability of sea ice coverage affects deep-water formations and large-scale thermohaline circulation patterns. The polar radiative budget is sensitive to sea-ice loss and consequent surface albedo changes. Aerosols and polar cloud microphysics are crucial players in the radioactive energy balance of the Arctic Ocean. The main biogenic source of sulfate aerosols to the atmosphere above remote seas is dimethylsulfide (DMS). Recent research suggests the flux of DMS to the Arctic atmosphere may change markedly under global warming. This paper describes climate data and DMS production (based on the five years from 1998 to 2002) in the region of the Barents Sea (30–35°E and 70–80°N). A DMS model is introduced together with an updated calibration method. A genetic algorithm is used to calibrate the chlorophyll-a (CHL) measurements (based on satellite SeaWiFS data) and DMS content (determined from cruise data collected in the Arctic). Significant interannual variation of the CHL amount leads to significant interannual variability in the observed and modeled production of DMS in the study region. Strong DMS production in 1998 could have been caused by a large amount of ice algae being released in the southern region. Forcings from a general circulation model (CSIRO Mk3) were applied to the calibrated DMS model to predict the zonal mean sea-to-air flux of DMS for contemporary and enhanced greenhouse conditions at 70–80°N. It was found that significantly decreasing ice coverage, increasing sea surface temperature and decreasing mixed-layer depth could lead to annual DMS flux increases of more than 100% by the time of equivalent CO2 tripling (the year 2080). This significant perturbation in the aerosol climate could have a large impact on the regional Arctic heat budget and consequences for global warming.

关键词： Arctic Ocean dimethyl sulfide mixed-layer depth chlorophyll-a dimethyl sulfoniopropionate

Ameliorate Security by Introducing Security Server in Software Defined Network

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第3期62卷 1077-1096页

作者： j.Vijila A.albert Raj University College of Engineering Nagercoil629004India Sree Krishna College of Engineering and Technology Coimbatore641008India

Software Defined Network(SDN)deals with huge data processing units which possess network ***,due to centralization behavior ensuring security in SDN is the major *** this work to ensure security,a security server has been at its aid to check the vulnerability of the networks and to keep an eye on the packet according to the screening policies.A Secure Shell Connection(SSH)is established by the security server which does a frequent inspection of the network’s *** detection and the Intrusion Detection System policies are also incorporated in the server for the effective scanning of the *** response to a suspicious log or the packets in the SDN network there is a change in the security *** the proposed work updates the security policies in accordance with the attacker mentality.

关键词： SDN security server malware deduction

Spike in phytoplankton biomass in Greenland Sea during 2009 and the correlations among chlorophyll-a,aerosol optical depth and ice cover

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Chinese journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2014年第2期32卷 241-254页

作者：瞿波 albert j. GABRIC 路海浪林道荣 School of Science Nantong University School of Environment Griffith University

The distributions and correlations of chlorophyll-a(Chl-a),aerosol optical depth(AOD)and ice cover in the southeast Arctic Ocean-Greenland Sea(10°W–10°E,70°–80°N)between 2003 and 2009 were studied using satellite data and statistical *** analysis showed correlations between Chl-a and AOD,Chl-a and ice cover,and AOD and ice cover with different time *** time lag of Chl-a and AOD indicated their long-term equilibrium *** in AOD and Chl-a and generally occurred in May and july,*** the time lag,the correlation between Chl-a and AOD in the study region was as high as *** peak gap between Chl-a and AOD shifted for about 6 weeks during 2003–*** the summer and autumn of 2009,Chl-a and AOD levels were much higher than during the other years,especially in the northern band of the study region(75°–80°N).The driving forces for this localized increase in phytoplankton biomass could be mainly attributed to the very high rate of ice melting in spring and early summer and the high wind speed in autumn,together with the increased deposition of aerosol throughout the *** unusually high AOD in the spring of 2003 was mainly due to a massive fi re in Russia,which occurred in the fi rst half of the *** the 7 years of the study,the sea surface temperature generally *** may have been due to the release of dimethylsulfi de into the air,excreted in large amounts from abundant phytoplankton biomass,and its subsequent reaction,form large amounts of aerosol,and resulting in regional cooling.

关键词： phytoplankton biomass aerosol optical depth (AOD) ice cover wind speed Arctic Ocean

Simulated perturbation in the sea-to-air flux of dimethylsulfi de and the impact on polar climate

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2021年第1期39卷 110-121页

作者： Bo QU albert jGABRIC Rebecca jACKSON School of Science Nantong UniversityNantong 226219China School of Environment and Science Griffi th UniversityBrisbane 4111QLDAustralia

Marine biogenic emission of dimethylsulfi de(DMS)has been well recognized as the main natural source of reduced sulfur to the remote marine atmosphere and has the potential to aff ect climate,especially in the polar *** used a global climate model(GCM)to investigate the impact on atmospheric chemistry from a change to the contemporary DMS fl ux to that which has been projected for the late 21 st *** perturbed simulation corresponded to conditions that pertained to a tripling of equivalent CO 2,which was estimated to occur by year 2090 based on current worst-case greenhouse gas emission *** changes in zonal mean DMS fl ux were applied to 50°S–70°S Antarctic(ANT)and 65°N–80°N Arctic(ARC)*** results indicate that there are clearly diff erent impacts after perturbation in the southern and northern polar *** quantities related to the sulfur cycle show a higher increase in ***,most sulfur compounds have higher peaks in *** perturbation in DMS fl ux leads to an increase of atmospheric DMS of about 45%in ANT and 33.6%in *** sulfur dioxide(SO 2)vertical integral increases around 43%in ANT and 7.5%in ***(SO 4)vertical integral increases by 17%in ANT and increases around 6%in *** emissions increases by 21%in ANT and increases by 9.7%in ***,oxidation of DMS by OH increases by 38.2%in ARC and by 15.17%in *** optical depth(AOD)increases by 4%in the ARC and by 17.5%in the ANT,and increases by 22.8%in austral *** importance of the perturbation of the biogenic source to future aerosol burden in polar regions leads to a cooling in surface temperature of 1 K in the ANT and 0.8 K in the ***,polar regions in the Antarctic Ocean will have a higher off setting eff ect on warming after DMS fl ux perturbation.

关键词： dimethylsulfi de(DMS) sulfur dioxide DMS sea-to-air fl ux perturbation global climate model(GCM) polar region

Biodegradation of alkylates under less agitated aquifer conditions

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第8期25卷 1529-1538页

作者： jay j. Cho Makram T. Suidan albert D. Venosa URS Corporation 7720N 16th St. Ste 100 Phoenix AZ 85020 USA Faculty of Engineering and Architecture American University of Beirut Dean's officeP.O.Box 11-0236 Riad El Solh 1107 2020 Beirut Lebanon US Environmental Protection Agency National Risk Management Research LaboratoryCincinnati OH 45268 USA

The biodegradability of three alkylates （2,3-dimethylpentane, 2,4-dimethylpentane and 2,2,4-trimethylpentane） under less agitated aquifer conditions was investigated in this study. All three alkylates biodegraded completely under these conditions regardless of the presence or absence of ethanol or benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes （BTEX） in the feed. In the presence of ethanol, alkylates degradation was not inhibited by ethanol. However, alkylates degraded more slowly in the presence of BTEX suggesting competitive inhibition to microbial utilization of alkylates. In the sterile controls, alkylates concentrations remained unchanged throughout the experiments.

关键词： biodegradation alkylates inhibition BTEX ethanol