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Management and Outcome of Urethral Strictures at Two Tertiary Health Facilities in Cameroon

Open Journal of Urology 2024年第8期14卷 435-446页

作者： Martin Divine Mokake Divine Enoru Eyongeta Ekani Mahamat Ekani Diana Nunga Theophile Chunteng Nana Ntungwetape Ngwane Mwambo Nalova Elroy Patrick Weledji Chichom alain Mefire Marcellin Ngowe Ngowe Department of Surgery and Specialties Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Department of Surgery Regional Hospital Buea Buea Cameroon Department of Surgery Regional Hospital Limbe Limbe Cameroon Department of Surgery Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon

Introduction and Objectives: Urethral stricture is a reduction in the caliber of the urethral lumen impeding the outflow of urine. It predominantly affects males. The disease burden is severe in our milieu where access to specialized care is limited. Our goal was therefore to assess the management and outcome of male urethral stricture at two tertiary hospitals in Douala, Cameroon. Materials and Methods: This was a hospital-based retrospective study of patients managed for urethral stricture over 5 years (January 1st, 2017 to December 31st, 2021) at the Douala General and Laquintinie Hospitals. Data on sociodemographic, clinical, paraclinical, and treatment options were extracted using pre-structured forms. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 28. Statistical significance was set at p-value Results: We exploited 130 medical records. The mean age of patients was 46.5 years. Dysuria and weak urine stream were the major presenting complaints (63.8% and 23.8% respectively). The etiology of urethral stricture was iatrogenic in 42.3% of cases. The strictures were mostly single (89.8%), and the bulbar urethra was most affected (46.9%). 28 patients had urinary tract infections and the most frequently isolated germ was E. coli in 29.6%. Direct visual internal urethrotomy (DVIU) was performed in 42.3% of cases. Surgery, especially excision and primary anastomosis (EPA) was done in 28.5% of cases. Major complications were wound infection, acute kidney injury (AKI), and urethrocutaneous fistulae affecting 3.1, 2.3, and 1.5% of cases respectively. The recurrence rate was 17% with a mortality rate of 0.08%. Conclusion: Urethral stricture is common in our adult male population. The cause is mainly iatrogenic and the bulbar urethra is most affected. Minimally invasive and open reconstruction are frequently used treatment options with significant recurrence rates in the long term.

关键词： Urethral Stricture Management Outcomes

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Pleomorphic Nasopharyngeal Liposarcoma: An Aggressive Tumor

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2024年第1期13卷 11-15页

作者： Mame Sanou Diouf Sall Ahmadou Cheikhou Ndiaye Ciré Thiam Amadou Abdoulaye Diop Deguenonvo Richard Edouard alain Diom Evelyne Siga Ndiaye Malick Diallo Bay Karim Diouf Raymond ENT and Cervicofacial Surgery Department Idrissa Pouye General Hospital Grand-Yoff Dakar Senegal ENT Department Diamniadio Children’s Hospital Dakar Senegal ENT clinic Lamine Sine Diop Dakar Senegal ENT Department and Cervico-Facial Surgery H&#244pital de la paix Ziguinchor Senegal ENT and Cervicofacial Surgery Department Albert Royer Children’s Hospital Dakar Senegal

Nasopharyngeal liposarcoma is an extremely rare clinical entity. Less than ten cases have been reported in the literature. It mainly occurs in humans. The non-specificity of the clinical and radiological signs explains the difficulty of the diagnosis confirmed by anatomopathological and immunohistochemical examinations. Its pathogenesis remains obscure and often correlates with genetic abnormalities. Pleomorphic liposarcoma is its rarest subtype, remarkable for its aggressiveness and rapidity of growth. Complete surgical excision remains the treatment of choice. We report a case of liposarcoma whose diagnosis was made during histological examination coupled with immunohistochemistry. .

关键词： Liposarcoma Nasopharynx Pathology Immunohistochemistry

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Cardiac Surgery at Yaoundé General Hospital by a Local Team: Activity Report from September 2022 to January 2024

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 2024年第6期14卷 87-94页

作者： Laurence Carole Ngo Yon Charles Mve Mvondo Hermann Nestor Tsague Kengni Zephanie Kobe Fokalbo Sépolin Lowe Mireille Dakleu alain Patrick Menanga William Ngatchou Djomo Vincent De Paul Djientcheu Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery Yaound General Hospital Yaound Cameroon Department of Surgery and Specialities Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound Yaound Cameroon Department of Surgery and Specialities Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound Yaound Cameroon

Introduction: The practice of cardiac surgery (CS) in sub-Saharan Africa faces a number of challenges. We report on the surgical activities of the first 17 months of the program launched at the Yaoundé General Hospital (YGH), describing the types of interventions and the early results. Patients and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study including patients who underwent CS from September 2022 to January 2024 at the YGH. Clinical, operative and postoperative data were collected and analysed retrospectively by R software. Results: A total of 37 patients underwent CS during the study period, divided into 23 (62.2%) open-heart and 14 (37.8%) closed-heart cases. Males predominated (sex ratio 1.17). The median age and interquartile range (IQR) were 36 years (9 - 51). Isolated valve surgery, in 15 (40.5%) cases, was the most common procedure in open-heart surgery cases. Closed-heart surgery involved closure of the patent ductus arteriosus in 9 (24.3%) cases, coronary artery bypass grafting in 3 (8.1%) cases, and pericardectomy in 2 (5.4%) cases. The median duration of extracorporeal circulation and aortic cross-clamping was 101 min (IQR 84 - 143) and 74 min (IQR 54 - 112) respectively. The median duration of mechanical ventilation was 2 hours (IQR 2 - 3). The median intensive care unit stay and median hospital stay were 2 days (IQR 2 - 3) and 7 days (IQR 5 - 8) respectively. Operative mortality was 2 (5.4%). Conclusion: Cardiac surgery remains a major challenge for African populations. The early results achieved by the local team are satisfactory. An increase in surgical activity should be strongly encouraged to facilitate local training and ensure the sustainability of the activity.

关键词： Cardiac Surgery Sub-Saharan Africa Cameroon

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Evaluation of a Rapid Diagnostic Test, Boson Biotech SARS CoV-2 Ag, for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Gabon

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第2期14卷 469-477页

作者： Samira Zoa Assoumou Ulrich Leger Davy Mouangala Ludovic Mewono Davy-Christ Angoune Ndong Guy Paterne Malonga Mbembo Nely Meungang alain Moutsinga Elvyre Anita Mbongo Kama Rodrigue Mintsa Nguema Dpartement de Bactriologie-Virologie Universit des Sciences de la Sant Libreville Gabon Laboratoire Professeur Daniel Gahouma Libreville Gabon Departement des Sciences de la vie et de la Terre Ecole Normale Suprieure Libreville Gabon Centre de sant de Glass Libreville Gabon Laboratoire National de Sant Publique Libreville Gabon Dpartement de Biologie et Ecologie Animale Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique Libreville Gabon Laboratoire dEcologie des Maladies Transmissibles (LEMAT) Universit Libreville Nord (ULN) Libreville Gabon

1) Background: Rapid and acurate diagnostic testing for case identification, quarantine, and contact tracing is essential for managing the COVID 19 pandemic. Rapid antigen detection tests are available, however, it is important to evaluate their performances before use. We tested a rapid antigen detection of SARS-CoV-2, based on the immunochromatography (Boson Biotech SARS-CoV-2 Ag Test (Xiamen Boson Biotech Co., Ltd., China)) and the results were compared with the real time reverse transcriptase-Polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) (Gold standard) results;2) Methods: From November 2021 to December 2021, samples were collected from symptomatic patients and asymptomatic individuals referred for testing in a hospital during the second pandemic wave in Gabon. All these participants attending “CTA Angondjé”, a field hospital set up as part of the management of COVID-19 in Gabon. Two nasopharyngeal swabs were collected in all the patients, one for Ag test and the other for RT-PCR;3) Results: A total of 300 samples were collected from 189 symptomatic and 111 asymptomatic individuals. The sensitivity and specificity of the antigen test were 82.5% [95%CI 73.8 - 89.3] and 97.9 % [95%CI 92.2 - 98.2] respectively, and the diagnostic accuracy was 84.4% (95% CI: 79.8 - 88.3%). The antigen test was more likely to be positive for samples with RT-PCR Ct values ≤ 32, with a sensitivity of 89.8%;4) Conclusions: The Boson Biotech SARS-CoV-2 Ag Test has good sensitivity and can detect SARS-CoV-2 infection, especially among symptomatic individuals with low viral load. This test could be incorporated into efficient testing algorithms as an alternative to PCR to decrease diagnostic delays and curb viral transmission.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 Rapid Diagnostic Test Evaluation COVID-19 Antigen Performance

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Pfaffians and Representations of the Symmetric Group

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2009年第12期25卷 1929-1950页

作者： alain LASCOUX CNRS IGM Universite Paris-Est

Pfaffians of matrices with entries z[i, j]/（xi ＋ xj）, or determinants of matrices with entries z[i, j]/（xi - xj）, where the antisymmetrical indeterminates z[i, j] satisfy the Pliicker relations, can be identified with a trace in an irreducible representation of a product of two symmetric groups. Using Young＇s orthogonal bases, one can write explicit expressions of such Pfaffians and determinants, and recover in particular the evaluation of Pfaffians which appeared in the recent literature.

关键词： Pfaffians symmetric group representations

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Evaluation of Colorectal Cancer Management in Eastern DR Congo. About 55 Cases Were Collected from January 2002 to December 2016 Panzi General Referral Hospital

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2024年第4期15卷 179-189页

作者： Bafunyembaka Muka alain Kitumaini Munyahali John Ciruza Balegana Jean-Claude Lobe Lottin Michel Luhiriri Ndanda Levi Kavira Isse Somo Prisca Amisi Mangaza Emilie Alumeti Munyali Desire Ahuka Ona Longombe Albert Department of Surgery H.G.R Panzi/Universit&#233 Evang&#233liqueen Afrique Bukavu DR Congo

A retrospective study was conducted at the HGR de Panzi in eastern DR Congo to determine the profile of colorectal cancer (CRC) management based on 55 cases out of 129 digestive cancers diagnosed in the digestive surgery, endoscopy, and pathology department of the HGR de Panzi from January 2002 to December 2016. The prevalence of CRC was 42.6%. The mean age of patients was 50.8 years, with a range of 20 to 81 years. The male to female ratio was 2.2. In 69.1% of cases, the patients had a low socioeconomic status, and 52.7% had a history of hemorrhoids. Rectorrhagia revealed CCR in 49.1% of cases. The mode of discovery was predominantly emergency in 69.1% of cases, and 58.20% of CRCs were diagnosed by an initial endoscopy of the lower colon. Adenocarcinoma was found in 94.5% of cases, and 45% of cases required abdominoperineal amputation. Various postoperative complications were experienced by 54.5% of patients, and 25.5% of patients died. To decrease the occurrence of these types of cancers, it is necessary to focus on early detection in the population and enhance access to primary healthcare for everyone.

关键词： Assessment Management Colorectal Cancer

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Supervised Learning Method: Critical Analysis and Updating of Cubing Rate Formulas for Determining Bark Masses of Prunus africana (Hook. f.) Kalkman (Rosaceae) in Cameroon

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Open Journal of Forestry 2024年第3期14卷 346-368页

作者： Armand Ndedy Bile alain Mpouam Benoit Fouadjio Lorette Guedeu Kambale Muhesi Steve Tassiamba Paulette Kouam Eric Wete Marius Ela Michèle Yimga Joseph Ambara Louis Aimé Fono Jean Lagarde Betti Department of Plant Biology Faculty of Science The University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Wood and Forest Sciences ISABEE University of Bertoua Bertoua Cameroon Department of Water and Forests Higher Institute of Agronomic Veterinary and Forestry Studies of Butembo Butembo Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Forestry Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Department of Biology and Plant Faculty of Sciences University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon Deutsche Gresellschaft fur Internationale Zusammenarbeit GmbH (GIZ) Bertoua Cameroon Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Faculty of Science The University of Douala Douala Cameroon

The stem barks of Prunus africana are used in the treatment of the benign prostate. Cameroon is one of the important exporters of the barks. Despite the important measures adopted in Cameroon for sustaining its harvesting, some many chalenges still remain. The objective of this work is to refine the forest management parameters in relation to P. africana in the regions of Adamaoua and the South-West by developing a volume rate which makes it possible to estimate the production for a new stem. The work took place in two phases: in the South-West in 2010 and in Adamaoua in 2011. Data collection used the semi-direct method, while the cubing equation was deduced by the multiple linear regression method. Two models for volume estimation and three models for mass prediction were developed. The predictive parameters retained are diameter, height of the bole and thickness of the bark. Results show that the average mass of the dry bark for a given P. africana tree species is 27.55 ± 14.44 kg and this varies according to the site. The strong adjusted coefficient of determination (adjusted R2) observed illustrates the reliability of the proposed models. These models provide a reliable tool that can be adopted as a standard in Cameroon for P. africana.

关键词： Prunus africana Prostate Quota Mass Model Sustainable Management

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The Guianese population of the fire ant Solenopsis saevissima is unicolonial

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Insect Science 2016年第5期23卷 739-745页

作者： alain Lenoir Severine Devers Axel Touchard alain Dejean lRBI Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de I'lnsecte UMR CNRS 7261 Universite Francois Rabelais 37200 Tours CNRS Ecologie des Forets de Guyane (UMR CNRS 8172) Campus agronomique BP 316 97379 Kourou cedex Universite de Toulouse UPS INP Ecolab 118 route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse and CNRS Ecolab (UMR-CNRS 5245) 31062 Toulouse France

In this study, conducted in French Guiana, a part of the native range of the fire ant Solenopsis saevissima, we compared the cuticular hydrocarbon profiles of media workers with previous results based on intraspecific aggressiveness tests. We noted a strong congruence between the two studies permitting us to delimit 2 supercolonies extending over large distances （up to 54 kin）, a phenomenon known as unicoloniality. Solenopsis geminata workers, taken as an out-group for cluster analyses, have a very different cuticular hydrocarbon profile. Because S. saevissima has been reported outside its native range, our conclusion is that this species has the potential to become invasive because unicoloniality （i.e., the main attribute for ants to become invasive） was shown at least for the Guianese population.

关键词： biological invasions cuticular hydrocarbons fire ants unicoloniality

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Impact of Drops on Non-wetting Biomimetic Surfaces

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2009年第4期6卷 330-334页

作者： alain Merlen Philippe Brunet Institut d'Electronique de Microelectronique et Nanotechnologie IEMN Universite des sciences et technologies de Lille1UMR CNRS 8520Avenue Poincare BP 6006959652 Villeneuve d'Ascq cedexFrance

We have carried out an experimental study of liquid drop impact on superhydrophobic substrates covered by a carpet of chemically coated *** micro-structure of the surface is similar to some biological ones(Lotus leaf for example).In this situation the contact angle can then be considered as equal to 180 degrees,with no *** to its initial inertia,the drop experiences a flattening phase after it hits the surface,taking the shape of a *** it reaches its maximal lateral extension,the drop begins to retract and bounces *** have extracted the lateral extension of the drop,and we propose a model that explains the *** find a limit initial velocity beyond which the drop protrudes into the nano-wire *** discuss the relevance of practical issues in terms of self-cleaning surfaces or spray-cooling.

关键词： superhydrophobic surfaces drop impact

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Biological Profile and Cardiovascular Risk in Patients Receiving Neuroleptics at the Psychiatric Department of the University Hospital Center of Brazzaville

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第6期12卷 33-42页

作者： Landry Martial Miguel Paul Gandou Justecidi Kiang Choupette Ravelle Dobhat-Doukakini Didier Gesril Njilo Tchatchouang Childerick Lekana Destin Mbemba Bahamboula Archange Emmanuel Mboungou Malonga Donatien Moukassa alain Maxime Mouanga Ange Antoine Abena Biochemical and Pharmacology Laboratory Faculty of Health Sciences Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Republic of Congo Psychiatric Department University Hospital Center Brazzaville Republic of Congo Department of Biological Sciences Dnis Sassou-NGuesso University Kintl Republic of Congo

Several studies report the problem of cardiovascular tolerance of treatments with neuroleptics, given the important number of morbidities in patients with mental illnesses. This preliminary work aimed to describe the epidemiological and biological profile of patients taking neuroleptics and followed in the psychiatry department of Brazzaville University Hospital, from the angle of cardiovascular risk. Fifty (50) patients (17 men and 33 women), with a mean age of 33.9 10.7 years, were included. Epidemiological data (sex, age, tobacco or alcohol consumption) were collected on pre-established survey forms. Biochemical (total cholesterol, HDL-c, triglycerides and atherogenicity index) and inflammatory parameters (ultra-sensitive CRP, troponin I and NT-ProBNP) were investigated using enzymatic and indirect immunofluorescence technical, respectively. The results obtained showed that 54% of patients were obese, 94% were non-smokers, and 12% had high blood pressure. 10% of patients had high total cholesterol levels and 90% had HDL cholesterol levels below 60 mg/dl. Triglycerides and atherogenicity index were significantly elevated in relation to Body Mass Index (BMI). Ultrasensitive CRP was elevated in 38% of patients. In conclusion, this study revealed an association between lipid parameters (triglycerides and atherogenicity index) in relation to BMI in patients taking neuroleptics followed in the Psychiatry Department of University Hospital Center of Brazzaville.

关键词： Neuroleptic Cardiovascular Risk Psychiatry Brazzaville

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