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Screening, Treatment and Control of High Blood Pressure on Five Sites in Mali

World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2024年第5期14卷 322-332页

作者： Mamadou Touré Sagara Ibrahima Youssouf Camara Hamidou Oumar Bâ Ibrahima Sangaré Djénébou traoré Noumou Sidibé Fousseyni Samassékou Massama Konaté Coumba Thiam Doumbia Asmaou Maiga Réné-Marie Dakouo Hamidou Camara Sako Mariam Sidibé Samba Adama Sogodogo Boubacar Diarra Boubacar Sonfo aladji traoré Mamadou Diakité Ilo Bella Diall Ichaka Menta Departement of Cardiology University Hospital Gabriel Tour&#233 Bamako Mali Departement of Cardiology Cardiology University Hospital Sidy Bocar Sall Kati Mali Internal Medecine University Hospital Point G Bamako Mali Departement of Cardiology Cardiology University Hospital &#8220H&#244pital du Mali&#8221 Bamako Mali Departement of Cardiology Cardiology University Hospital Mother-Children Bamako Mali

Introduction: High blood pressure is defined as blood pressure greater than or equal to 140 mm Hg for systolic and or 90 mm Hg for diastolic. It constitutes a major public health problem, the leading chronic disease in the world. The objective was to determine the prevalence, treatment rate and control of hypertension. Methods: This was a cross-sectional and descriptive study which took place over a period of 6 months in a hospital environment and in the general population. Results: Of the 1000 participants, 637 had hypertension, giving a prevalence of 63.70% with a female predominance. Thirty-three percent (33%) were unaware of their high blood pressure. The age group 60 and more was the most represented (44%). A proportion of 33 and 23.20 were overweight and obese participants, respectively. Male subjects were more overweight than female, unlike obesity which was more common among female subjects. Sixty-two percent (62%) of hypertensives were treated, of whom 44% were non-compliant. The excessively high cost and consumption of medications as needed were the main factors in therapeutic non-compliance. Twenty-two percent (22%) of all hypertensive patients and 35% of treated hypertensive patients were controlled. Women were more treated but less observant and less controlled than men. Therapeutic coverage and combination therapy rates were lower in rural areas. Hypertensives who had a high level of education were better treated and controlled than those who had no level. Conclusion: High blood pressure remains a real public health problem in Mali. It is more common in people aged 60 and over and in females. One in three hypertensives were unaware of their hypertension. The majority received antihypertensive treatments, but only a minority of them had their hypertension controlled.

关键词： High Blood Pressure Screening Control Rate Mali

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Screening, Treatment and Control of High Blood Pressure on Five Sites in Mali

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases（心血管病） 2024年第5期 322页

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Hypertension in Clinical Practice: Control Rate in Short Term and Associated Factors in the Cardiology Department of the University Hospital Gabriel Touré(UH-GT) in Bamako (Mali)

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2018年第6期8卷 288-297页

作者： Hamidou Oumar Ba Ichaka Menta Ibrahima Sangare Youssouf Camara Noumou Sidibe Souleymane Coulibaly Djénébou traoré Réné Dakouo Samba Samaké aladji traoré Samba Sidibé Mamadou Cissouma Cheick Hamala Fofana Lamine Sidibe Kassoum Mamourou Sanogo University Hospital Gabriel Touré Bamako Mali University Hospital Kati Kati Mali University Hospital Point G Bamako Mali University Hospital of Mali Bamako Mali

Introduction: Hypertension (HTN) is for many decades a worldwide major risk factor for cardiovascular ***, hypertension control rates are globally low in the world. Studies on observance have been published in Mali but there is to our knowledge no published data about HTN control rate. We therefore conducted this study to assess the control rate in short term after 3 months management and to look for factors associated with HTN control. Materials and Methods: This study designed as prospective was conducted in the cardiology department of the University Hospital Gabriel Touré (UH-GT) from March 24 to September 24, 2017. All outpatients aged 18 years and more who came for visit and with hypertension as diagnose were involved. All patients have consented to participate in the study. Sociodemographic and data on physical examination including measures for BP, height, weight, waist circumference (WC) and direct costs as reported by the patients were recorded. Patients were asked about medication discontinuation and if yes why and then they were informed about the need to take regularly medication. The concept of chronic disease was explained to them. A formulary served to collect data that were inserted into a Microsoft Access database and analyzed using SPSS version 18. After describing of sociodemographics and continuous variables, crosstabs and finally a logistic regression was performed to look for blood pressure control predictors. Results: There was no statistical difference in sociodemographics between older and newly diagnosed patients. At 3 months globally 40.90% (31.1 for old Patients and 09.8% for newPatients) of the sample were controlled (Figure 1). For old patients, hypertension control rate at inclusion was 12.78% and reached 49.44% at 3 months (Figure 2). After logistic regression only HTN duration was significant predictor with Odd-ratio of 0.365 [0.213 - 0.624] 95% CI and p-value patients as reference). During the study period therapeutic r

关键词： Hypertension Control Rate Old Patient New Patient Medication Bamako Outpatient

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ECG and Echocardiography Findings: A Comparative Study between Sportive and Sedentary Female Patients (Bamako, Mali)

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2019年第7期9卷 458-466页

作者： Ibrahima Sangaré Hamidou Oumar Ba Youssouf Camara Ichaka Menta Rokiatou Mété Noumou Sidibé Souleymane Coulibaly Fousseyni Coulibaly aladji traoré Illo Diall Lydia Berenice Sita Sangaré Boubakar Diallo Kassoum Mamourou Sanogo University Hospital Gabriel Touré Cardiology Bamako Mali University Hospital Sidy Bocar Sall Cardiology Kati Mali University Hospital Point G Cardiology Bamako Mali University Hospital for Odontostomatology Bamako Mali

Objective: To study cardiovascular cardiac and echocardiographic features in high-level footballers and sedentary women in Bamako. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Bamako from April 2015 to March 2016 among 14 to 35 years old high-level footballers and a group of untrained women. Data including socio-demographic, physical examination, ECG record and echocardiogram was inserted in Microsoft Excel and analyzed with IBM SPSS. Chi Square and Fisher statistical tests were used to compare our results. The significance level was p 0.05. Results: Forty-three female subjects, 51% being sedentary were recruited. Mean age, weight and height were significantly higher in sportswomen than in sedentary women with respectively p of <0.0001, 0.003 and 0.036. Bradycardia was found in sports subjects in 28.6% and sedentary tachycardia in 18.2%. Left ventricular hypertrophy and dilatation and left atrial dilatation were predominant in sportswomen. Conclusion: Bradycardia, left ventricle hypertrophy and dilatation were found more in sportswomen. These changes acquired through physical training are aspects of cardiac adaptation that we found in our sample. Other aspects were not found probably due to the small size of the sample.

关键词： ECG Echocardiography Footballers Women Sedentary Bamako

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ECG and Echocardiographic Findings of Female Hypertension (fHTN) in the Cardiology Department of the University Hospital Gabriel Touré (UH-GT)

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2023年第10期13卷 646-656页

作者： Hamidou Oumar Bâ Ibrahima Sangaré Youssouf Camara Kassim Kamaté Tawoufik Tchedre Georges Rosario Christian Millogo Djénébou traoré Noumou Sidibé Fousseyni Samassékou Massama Konaté Coumba Thiam Doumbia Asmaou Maiga Réné-Marie Dakouo Hamidou Camara Adama Sogodogo Boubacar Diarra Mamadou Touré Boubacar Sonfo aladji traoré Mamadou Diakité Ilo Bella Diall Ichaka Menta Cardiology University Hospital Gabriel Touré Bamako Mali Cardiology University Hospital Sidy Bocar Sall Kati Mali Cardiology University Hospital Yalgado Ouédraogo Ouagadougou Burkina-Faso Internal Medecine University Hospital Point G Bamako Mali Cardiology University Hospital “H&ocircpital du Mali” Bamako Mali Cardiology University Hospital Mother-Children Bamako Mali

Introduction: In our setting there is a lack of publications on female hypertension in general population motivating this study to look for electro- and echocardiographic findings of female hypertension. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study during 6 months in the cardiology department of the UH-GT including 324 female patients aged 18 and more seen in the outpatient unit and by whom the diagnosis of hypertension was set. All patients consented to be study participants after receiving clearly information about the study and that care giving will not be affected by their eventual refusal. Data collection has been done with all needed confidentiality rules. A survey formular was used to collect data in order to record them in an Access database. Analysis was done using IBM SPSS software. Quantitative data are presented as mean with standard deviation and qualitative as proportion. Level of significance for statistic test was set at 5%. Results: During the study time 324 among 524 hypertensive patients visited our outpatient unit giving a prevalence of fHTN of 61.8%. The means for age, body mass index (BMI) in female hypertensive patients were respectively 52 ± 14.461 years and 27.35 ± 06.585 Kg/m2. Main ECG findings were left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and sinus tachycardia with respectively 93.6% and 46.4% followed by isolated ventricular extrasystole with 33.7%. Echocardiography findings included LVH, relative wall thickness (RWT) and reduced ejection fraction (EF) in respectively 41.05%, 37.35% and 21.91%. The left ventricular mass (LV) mass and geometry were abnormal in 44.4% and 37.3%. Remodeling as geometry modification (18.2%) and mitral flow Type 2 (90.4%) have been the most abnormal findings. Conclusion: Hypertension induced modifications mainly LVH in ECG and Echocardiography in female patients less than encountered among male hypertensive patients.

关键词： Hypertension Female ECG Echocardiography Mali

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Hypertension (HTN) Knowledge and with Its Associated Factors: About 456 Outpatients Seen in Cardiology Department in University Hospital (UH) Gabriel Touré—Bamako (Mali)

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2018年第1期8卷 24-34页

作者： Hamidou Oumar Ba Ichaka Menta Ibrahima Sangaré Youssouf Camara Georges Rosario Christian Millogo Noumou Sidibé Ilo Bella Diall Souleymane Coulibaly Guida Landouré Mandé Berthé Ibrahim Maiga Bréhima Mariko Cheick Hamala Fofana aladji traoré Kassoum Mamourou Sanogo CHU Gabriel Touré Bamako Bamako Mali CHU Kati Bamako Mali CHU YO-Ouagadougou Ouagadougou Burkina-Faso CHU Point G Bamako Mali

Background: High Blood Pressure (HBP) is high prevalent among adult population in Bamako, but little is known about factors associated with knowledge. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study involving patients aged 15 years and more with a first classification in normal blood pressure (HTN-) and high blood pressure (HTN+), and Second classification inpatients without knowledge (who answered No) (K-) and patients with knowledge (who answered Yes) (K+). A logistic regression was performed to look up predictors among different variables. Results: The sample involved 456 patients with a mean age of 51.39 years and 65.1% of female. The age group 45 - 59 years old made 32.5% and unschooled patients 60.3%. Patients with HBP accounted for 69.7% and those reporting to know about it 67.3%. HTN- and HTN+ differed significantly except for HR, height, sex and level of schooling. HBP prevalence increased with age up to 74 years. Regarding knowledge, sex, age group and number of FDRs did not differ significantly. High education level and duration of HBP was predictive of knowledge with an OR of 1.186 [CI 0.058 - 0.796] and 1.192 [CI 0.332 - 4.275] respectively. Conclusions: Our study provided data on HBP knowledge among outpatients with high educational level and HBP duration associated with better knowledge on HBP.

关键词： Hypertension Knowledge Outpatient Bamako Cardiology

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Management of Hypertension (HTN) in a Cardiology Department in Bamako (Mali): Financial Aspects

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2019年第6期9卷 394-403页

作者： Hamidou Oumar Ba Ichaka Menta Ibrahima Sangaré Noumou Sidibé Youssouf Camara Souleymane Coulibaly Hamidou Camara Cheick Hamala Fofana aladji traoré Adama Sogodogo Mamadou Touré Kéita Asmaou Maiga Doumbia Coumba Thiam Adama Daou Kassoum Mamourou Sanogo University Hospital Gabriel Touré Bamako Mali University Hospital Sidy Bocar Sall Kati Mali University Hospital Mother Children Bamako Mali National Center for Disease Fighting Bamako Mali

Background: Studies on financial aspects of High blood pressure management are rare and old without differentiating categories of expenses. On the other hand there is an evolution in health system with the introduction of a medical insurance. Objective: We performed this study to estimate costs related to insurance status. Methodology: The prospective study on patients aged 15 years and older extended from 01 May to 31 August 2016 and was carried out in the cardiology department of the University Hospital Gabriel Touré. Only newly detected or untreated hypertensive patients were included. Sociodemographic data, those on physical examination and financial management (transport, consultation, labor tests and purchase of drugs) were collected. Regarding costs, patients were directly asked about: how much did you spend for transport, consultation, labor tests and drugs? Data analysis was carried out by comparing patients with health insurance (Ins+) and those without it (Ins?). The recorded data were inserted in a MS Access database, preliminarily processed by MS Excel and imported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Results: Mean total cost of care was 57,018 FCFA [50,139 - 63,897] (around 92 USD). It was 50,072 [42,182 - 57,963] for the Ins? group against 79,670 [66,777 - 92,563] for the Ins+ group with a p value 0.0001. Highest amounts for spending were for cardiovascular medication and labor tests with means of 19,255 FCFA (32 USD) and 18,813 FCFA (30 USD). Mean consultation fee was significantly higher for Ins+ patients: 4064 FCFA with IC (95%) [3210 - 4917] versus 3124 with IC (95%) [2774 - 3474] for Ins? patients and p = 0.018. For ECG, however, mean costs were higher for Ins? patients with 6460 [5944 - 6976] against 5115 [4871 - 5360] for Ins+ patients, p = 0.001. Conclusion: Health insurance has few subscribers compared to patients requiring medical care. It increases the global costs of care while facilitating access to care for those who benefit from it.

关键词： Hypertension New Patients Untreated Patients Costs Cardiology Bamako

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ECG and Echocardiographic Findings of Athletes in Bamako—A Study among 227 Footballers

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2019年第1期9卷 31-41页

作者： Ibrahima Sangare Hamidou Oumar Ba Youssouf Camara Ichaka Menta Noumou Sidibé Souleymane Coulibaly aladji traoré Fousseyni Coulibaly Ilo Diall Lydie Bérenice S. Sangaré Hamidou Camara Adama Sogodogo Mohamed A. C. Cissé Mamadou Bocary Diarra Massama Konaté Kassoum M. Sanogo Boubakar A. Diallo University Hospital Gabriel Touré Bamako Mali University Hospital Sidy Bocar Sall Kati Mali University Hospital Point G Bamako Mali University Hospital Odonto-Stomatology Bamako Mali University Hospital “Hô pital du Mali” Bamako Mali University Hospital Mother-Child “Le Luxembourg” Bamako Mali

Background: A cardiovascular assessment is rarely performed among athletes despite more and more frequently reported fatal events. Most of these accidents are of cardiovascular origin. Moreover, data on ECG or Echocardiography are rare in our context justifying our study to assess electrical and echocardiographic pattern among high-level footballer in Bamako. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted in Bamako from April 2015 to?March 2016 among high-level footballers aged 14 to 35 years old without distinction of sex with at least 10 hours weekly training since one year. The ECG and echocardiographies were recorded respectively with a 12-lead CONTEC and an ATL 5000 echocardiographic machine. Each ECG record was analyzed by a cardiologist in accordance with the Seattle 2013 criteria and those pathological reviewed by a second cardiologist according to the same criteria and definitively classified as normal (physiological) or abnormal ECG (requiring complementary explorations). A third cardiologist was associated in case of discordance of the first results. The collected data were inserted in a Microsoft Excel sheet and analyzed with SPSS version 20. Chi Square and Fisher statistical tests were used to compare our results. The significance level was set at 0.05. Results: We collected data of 227 top footballers with male sex represented in 90.3% giving a sex ratio of 3.04. Means for age, weight, height, body mass index (BMI) were respectively 22 years, 69.90 kg, 177.21 cm and 22.21 kg/m2. Sinus bradycardia was found in a proportion of 45.8% more represented in the age group of 30 and more years (p = 0.275). First-degree atrioventricular block (AVB) was present in 19.4%. Short PR was found in 0.4% of the sample. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVG) according to the Sokolow index was found in 70.5% (96.9% males and 3.1% females) with p Conclusion: Many electrical and echocardiographic signs of cardiac adaptation were found in our sample and must lead to a closer

关键词： Sport Football Bamako ECG Echocardiography

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Reactions of Maruca Resistant Transgenic Cowpea to Cowpea Aphid-Borne Mosaic Virus

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 742-753页

作者： Mounyratou Rabo Moustapha Ouédraogo Orokia Coulibaly Assita traoré-Barro Salimata traoré Teyioue Benoit Joseph Batieno Chantal Kaboré-Zoungrana Aboubacar Toguyeni Oumar traoré Laboratoire National de Bioscurit Agence Nationale de Bioscurit (ANB) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Institut de lEnvironnement et Recherches Agricoles Dpartement Productions Vgtales Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire dEtudes et de Recherches sur les Ressources Naturelles et les Sciences de lEnvironnement (LERNSE) Universit Nazi BONI Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Laboratoire De Gntique et Amlioration Des Plantes (LAGAMEP) Institut de lEnvironnement et Recherches Agricoles Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire De Protection et Dfense Des Cultures (LAPRODEC) Institut de lEnvironnement et Recherches Agricoles Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. [Walp.]) in one of the main grain legumes contributing to food security and poverty alleviation in Sub-Saharan Africa. To control the highly damaging legume pod borer Maruca vitrata F., transgenic cowpea lines expressing the insecticidal Cry1Ab Bt protein were developed. In this study, we evaluated the impact of Cry1Ab transgene expression on the susceptibility of four cowpea lines (named IT97K-T, IT98K-T, Gourgou-T and Nafi-T) and their respective non-transgenic near isogenic lines (IT97K, IT98K, Gourgou and Nafi) to Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (CABMV) in greenhouse conditions. In a preliminary quality control test by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, the presence of Cry1Ab protein in transgenic seed lots ranged from 59% to 72%, with no significant differences among the lines (χ2 = 3.26;p = 0.35). Upon virus inoculation, all cowpea lines exhibited mosaic symptoms with similar severity between 7- and 11-day post-inoculation. No significant differences were observed in symptom severity. Significant differences were found between cowpea lines for time of symptom onset, virus accumulation in plants and days to 50% flowering. However, while comparing pairs of transgenic lines and corresponding non-transgenic lines, virus accumulation showed not significant differences whatever the pair. Time of symptom onset and days to 50% flowering did not also differ significantly between pairs of cowpea lines except Nafi/Nafi-T in which transgenic Nafi-T showed earlier symptoms (7.4 ± 0.7 vs. 8.9 ± 0.8 days post-inoculation) and shorter flowering time (37.3 ± 0.6 vs. 42 ± 1.7 days after sowing). Overall, these findings improve our understanding of the effects of Cry1Ab gene mediated genetic modification on cowpea infection by Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus, with potential implications for environmental safety assessment.

关键词： Cowpea Cry1Ab Cowpea Aphid-Borne Mosaic Virus Environmental Safety

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Experimental Investigation of the Stability of the Performance Characteristics of a Photovoltaic Module in the Face of Environmental and Meteorological Factors

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第2期14卷 589-608页

作者： Adingra Paul Arsène Kouassi Siaka Touré Diakaridja traoré Laboratoire des Sciences de la Matière de l’Environnement et de l’Energie Solaire (LASMES) Unité de Formation et de Recherche des Sciences des Structures de la Matière et Technologie (UFR-SSMT) Université Félix Houphou&#235t Boigny Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

The explosive technological improvement of photovoltaic systems as well as the necessity of populations to come to less expensive energy sources, that have led to an implosion at the level of solar panel manufacturers. This causes a large flow of these equipments to developing countries where the need is high, without any quality control. That conducted an experimental investigation on the performance characteristics of a 250 wp monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic module in other to check the verification and quality control. Most of these PV panels which often have missing informations are manufactured and tested in places that are inadequate for our environmental and meteorological conditions. Also, their influences on the stability of internal parameters were evaluated in order to optimize their performance. The results obtained at maximum illumination (1000 w/m2) confirmed those produced by the manufacturer. The analysis of these characteristics showed that the illumination and the temperature (meteorological factors) influenced at most the stability of the internal characteristics of the module in the sense that the maximum power increased very rapidly beyond 750 w/m2 but a degradation of performance was accentuated for a temperature of the solar cells exceeding 50°C. The degradation coefficients were evaluated at -0.0864 V/°C for the voltage and at -1.6248 w/°C for the power. The 10° inclination angle of the solar panel proved to be ideal for optimizing overall efficiency in practical situations.

关键词： Renewables Energies Instruments Internal Parameters of Photovoltaic Panel Monocrystalline Photovoltaic Panel Solar Energy Production Energy Intermittence

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