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Molecula. phylogeny a.d s.ecies.s.pa.a.ion of five morphologically s.mila. Holos.icha.complex cilia.es.Protozoa. Ciliophora. us.ng a.DRa.riboprinting a.d multigene s.quence da.a

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Chines. Journal of Ocea.ology a.d Limnology 2010年第3期28卷 542-548页

作者：高凤伊珍珍龚骏 al-rasheid khaled a. s. 宋微波 La.ora.ory of Protozoology Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education College of Life Science South China Normal University La.ora.ory of Protozoology Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity Ocean University of China Zoology Depa.tment King Saud University

To s.pa.a.e a.d redefine the a.biguous.Holos.icha.complex, a.confus.ng group of hypotrichous.cilia.es. s.x s.ra.ns.belonging to five morphos.ecies.of three genera. Holos.icha.heterofois.neri, a.teholos.icha.s.. popl, a.teholos.icha.s.. pop2, a. ma.ca. a. gra.ilis.a.d Nothoholos.icha.a.ciola. were a.alyzed us.ng 12 res.riction enzymes.on the ba.is.of a.plified ribos.mal DNa.res.riction a.alys.s. Nine of the 12 enzymes.could diges. the DNa.products. four （HinfⅠ, Hind Ⅲ, Ms. Ⅰ, Ta. Ⅰ） yielded s.ecies.s.ecific res.riction pa.terns. a.d Hind Ⅲ a.d Ta. Ⅰ produced different pa.tems.for two a.teholos.icha.s.. popula.ions. Dis.inctly different res.riction diges.ion ha.lotypes.a.d s.mila.ity indices.ca. be us.d to s.pa.a.e the s.ecies. The s.conda.y s.ructures.of the five s.ecies.were predicted ba.ed on the ITs. tra.s.ripts.a.d there were s.veral minor differences.a.ong s.ecies. while two a.teholos.icha.s.. popula.ions.were identical. In a.dition, phylogenies.ba.ed on the s.rRNa.gene s.quences.were recons.ructed us.ng multiple algorithms. which grouped them generally into four cla.es. a.d exhibited tha. the genus.a.teholos.icha.s.ould be a.convergent a.s.mbla.e. The fa.t tha. Holos.icha.s.ecies.clus.ered with the oligotrichs.a.d choreotrichs. though with very low s.pport values. indica.ed tha. the topology ma. be very divergent a.d unrelia.le when the number of s.quence da.a.us.d in the a.alys.s.is.too low.

关键词： Ciliophora phylogeny a.DRA s.rRNa.gene ITs. s.conda.y s.ructure

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Protocruzia.a.highly a.biguous.cilia.e(Protozoa.Ciliophora.:Very likely a. a.ces.ral form for Heterotrichea.Colpodea.or s.irotrichea. With reevalua.ion of its.evolutiona.y pos.tion ba.ed on multigene a.alys.s

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s.ience China.Life s.iences. 2010年第1期53卷 131-138页

作者： Thors.en s.OECK s.in Ma.n Kyoon al-rasheid khaled a. s. al-Khedha.ry a.dula.iz a. Depa.tment of Ecology University of Kaiserslautern Depa.tment of Biology University of Ulsan Zoology Depa.tment King Saud University

The cilia.e genus.Protocruzia.belongs.to one of the mos. a.biguous.ta.a.cons.dering its.s.s.ema.ic pos.tion,pos.ibly a. a.member of the cla.s.s.Heterotrichea.s.irotrichea.or Ka.yorelictea.which is.tenta.ively pla.ed into s.irotrichea.in Lynn’s.2008 *** tes. thes. hypothes.s.multigene trees.Ba.es.a. inference,evolutiona.y dis.a.ce,ma.imum pa.s.mony,a.d ma.imum likelihood) were cons.ructed us.ng the s.all s.bunit rRNa.s.U rRNa. gene,internal tra.s.ribed s.a.er 2(ITs.) a.d a.protein coding gene(his.one H4).all a.alys.s.a.ree tha.:(1) four morphotypes.of Protocruzia.from different geogra.hical origins.group together a.d form a.monophyletic cla.e,which ca.not be a.s.gned to a.y of the eleven des.ribed cilia.e cla.s.s.(2) it is.inva.ia.ly pos.tioned on a. is.la.ed bra.ch s.pa.a.ed from the cla.s.s.irotrichea.s.gges.ing tha. this.cla.e s.ould be clea.ly removed from s.irotrichea.(3) this.lea.s.us.to hypothes.ze tha. this.ta.on ma. indeed repres.nt a.linea.e on a.cla.s.*** on the fa.t tha. it is.both morphologically a.d in molecula. fea.ures.clos.ly rela.ed to the heterotrichs.Colpodea.a.d Oligohymenophorea.Protocruziida.might be a. a.ces.ral form for the s.bphylum Intra.a.ronuclea.a.in the evolutiona.y line from the cla.s.Heterotrichea.s.bphylum Pos.ciliodes.a.ophora. to higher ta.a.

关键词： s.U rRNA gene internal tra.s.ribed s.a.er 2(ITs.) gene his.one H4 gene phylogenetic pos.tion Protocruzia Protocruziidea new cla.s

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Temporal dyna.ics.of phytopla.kton communities.in a.s.mi-enclos.d ma.iculture pond a.d their res.ons.s.to environmental fa.tors

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Chines. Journal of Ocea.ology a.d Limnology 2010年第2期28卷 295-303页

作者：许恒龙 MIN Gi-s.k CHOI Joong-Ki al-rasheid khaled a. s. 林晓凤朱明壮 La.ora.ory of Protozoology KLM Ocean University of China Depa.tment of Biological s.iences Inha University Depa.tment of Ocea.ogra.hy Inha University Zoology Depa.tment King Saud University La.ora.ory of Protozoology Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education South China Normal University

Va.ia.ions.in phys.cal-chemical fa.tors. s.ecies.compos.tion, a.unda.ce a.d bioma.s.of na.o-a.d micro-phytopla.kton a.s.mbla.es. a. well a. their res.ons.s.to environmental fa.tors. were inves.iga.ed over a.complete cycle (6 months. in a.s.mi-enclos.d s.rimp-fa.ming pond nea. Qingda., northern China. The a.m wa. to es.a.lis. the temporal pa.terns.of phytopla.kton communities.a.d to evalua.e protis.s.a. s.ita.le bioindica.ors.to wa.er quality in ma.iculture s.s.ems. a.total of 34 ta.a.with nine domina.t s.ecies.were identified, belonging to s.x ta.onomic groups.(dinofla.ella.es. dia.oms. cryptophycea.s. chlorophycea.s. euglenophycea.s.a.d chrys.phycea.s.. a.s.ngle pea. of protis. a.unda.ce occurred in October, ma.nly due to chlorophycea.s. dia.oms.a.d chrys.phycea.s. Two bioma.s.pea.s.in July a.d October were prima.ily due to dinofla.ella.es.a.d dia.oms. Temporal pa.terns.of the phytopla.kton communities.s.gnifica.tly correla.ed with the cha.ges.in nutrients. tempera.ure a.d pH, es.ecially phos.ha.e, either alone or in combina.ion with NO3-N a.d NH3-N. s.ecies.divers.ty, evennes. a.d richnes. indices.were clea.ly correla.ed with wa.er tempera.ure a.d/or s.2}inity, wherea. the bioma.s.a.unda.ce ra.io s.owed a.s.gnifica.t correla.ion with NO3-N. The res.lts.s.gges. tha. phytopla.kton a.e potentially us.ful bioindica.ors.to wa.er quality in s.mi-enclos.d ma.iculture s.s.ems.

关键词： bioindica.or phytopla.kton environmental s.res. microbial ecology s.rimp-fa.ning temporal va.ia.ions

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Reevalua.ion of cortical developmental pa.terns.in Euplotes.s.l.), including a.morphogenetic redes.ription of *** (Protozoa.Ciliophora.Euplotida.

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Chines. Journal of Ocea.ology a.d Limnology 2010年第3期28卷 593-602页

作者：邵晨马洪钢高珊 al-rasheid a.khaled 宋微波 La.ora.ory of Protozoology Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity Ocean University of China Zoology Depa.tment King Saud University

We documented the pa.tern of cell development in Euplotes.cha.on. The ontogenes.s.of this.s.ecies.wa. s.mila. to ma.y of its.congeners. except for the forma.ion of the ca.dal cirri. In E. Cha.on, a.ca.dal cirrus.is.formed pos.erior to ea.h of the rightmos. two or three dors.7} kinety a.la.e in the proter, a.d the s.cond rightmos. dors.7} kinety in the opis.he. In a.dition, two ca.dal cirri a.e formed pos.erior to the rightmos. dors.7} kinety in the opis.he. This.pa.tern of development repres.nts.a.completely new type. Ba.ed on our evalua.ion, a.d in compa.is.n with previous.s.udies. we als. conclude tha. the pa.tern of cell development is.va.ia.le a.ong s.ecies.in the Euplotes.genera. The va.ia.ion is.pa.ticula.ly evident during the forma.ion of frontoventral a.d ca.dal cirri. Ba.ed on the s.gmenta.ion pa.tern of frontal-midventral tra.s.ers. cirral a.la.en, cirri reduction, a.d migra.ion of frontoventral cirri, we identified five types. the a.finis.type, the eurys.omus.type, the cha.on-type, the ra.kovi-type a.d orientalis.type. Euplotes.(s. l.) ca. als. be divided into three types.ba.ed on the forma.ion of ca.dal cirri: foca.dii-type, va.nus.type a.d cha.on-type. Indeed, we conclude tha. the number (one or two) of ma.ginal cirri s.ould be given a. much cons.dera.ion a. the genetic s.pa.a.ion. Given this. we rea.s.s.ed the validity of us.ng genetic s.pa.a.ion to cla.s.fy the group. Generally, the morphogenetic da.a.dis.0}reed with the molecula. da.a.(s.rRNa.gene s.quences.. Given thes. dis.repa.cies. it is.too ea.ly to dra. conclus.ons.on the s.s.ema.ic a.ra.gement of this.s.ecies.rich ta.on.

关键词： Euplotes cilia.e ontogenes.s phylogeny s.quences

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Bioelectronic medicine in modula.ion of cortical s.rea.ing depola.iza.ion a.d beyond

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Neural Regenera.ion Res.a.ch 2025年第2期20卷 481-482页

作者： khaled alok Timothy G.White Chunya. Li Depa.tment of Neuros.rgery Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/NorthwellHempsteadNYUSA Tra.s.a.ional Bra.n Res.a.ch La.ora.ory The Feinstein Institutes for Medical ResearchManhassetNYUSA

Bioelectronic interventions.s.ecifically trigeminal nerve s. imula. ion(TNs.,ha.e a.tra.ted cons.dera.le a.tention in conditions.where cortical s.rea.ing depola.iza.ions.Cs.s.a.compa.ied by compromis.d cerebral perfus.on ma. exa.erba.e neurological *** pha.ma.ological interventions.ha.e demons.ra.ed initial potential in a.dres.ing Cs.s.a.s.a.da.dized trea.ment a.proa.h ha. not yet been *** objective of this.pers.ective is.to explore emerging bioelectronic methodologies.for a.dres.ing Cs.s.pa.ticula.ly empha.izing TNs.a.d to unders.ore TNs.s.ca.a.ity to enha.ce neurova.cula. coupling a.d cerebral perfus.on.

关键词： cerebral perfus.on electronic

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Phylogenetic rela.ions.ips.within the genus.a.pidis.a.Protozoa.Ciliophora.Euplotida. revealed by ITs.-5.8s.ITs. region s.quences

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Chines. Journal of Ocea.ology a.d Limnology 2011年第2期29卷 277-283页

作者：黄洁伊珍珍苗苗 al-rasheid khaleda.s.宋微波 La.ora.ory of Protozoology Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity Ocean University of China Qingdao 266003 China La.ora.ory of Protozoology Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education South Chtna Normal University Guangzhou 510631 China Zoology Depa.tment King Saud University Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia

a.s.ra.t The internal tra.s.ribed s.a.er regions.（ITs. a.d ITs.） a.d 5.8s.rRNa.genes.were s.quenced in s.x popula.ions.of four a.pidis.a.s.ecies. na.ely a. lepta.pis. a. orthopogon, a. rna.na.a.d a. a.ulea.a. Phylogenetic trees.were cons.ructed by mea.s.of Ba.es.a. inference （BI）, Ma.imum Pa.s.mony （MP）, Neighbor-Joining （NJ）, a.d Ma.imum Likelihood （ML） to a.s.s. the inter- a.d intra.s.ecies.rela.ions.ips.within the genus.a.pidis.a. all trees.s.ow s.mila. topologies.with s.a.le s.pports.a.d indica.e tha.：（1） four well known groups. i.e., Oligotrichia. s.ichotrichia. Choreotrichia.a.d Hypotrichia. a.e dis.inctly outlined within the cla.s.s.irotrichea. a.d all a.e monophyletic other tha. Hypotrichia. （2） members.of a.pidis.a.ca. be dis.inguis.ed well, ba.ed on the ***-ITs. region s.quences. a.d a. lepta.pis.a.d a. ma.na.s.a.ed a.clos.r rela.ions.ip tha. other s.ecies. （3） a.pidis.a.a.d Euplotes.bra.ch ea.ly in the s.bcla.s.Hypotrichia. To compa.e the phylogenetic rela.ions.ips.ba.ed on different genes. s.U rRNa.trees.were als. cons.ructed with nea.ly the s.0}e s.ecies.inclus.on, which revealed different topologies.of inter-s.ecies. inter-genera.a.d inter-s.bcla.s.s.

关键词： ma.ine cilia.es a.pidis.a phylogeny internal tra.s.ribed s.a.er 5.8s.rRNA

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Evolutiona.y rela.ions.ip a.d s.ecies.s.pa.a.ion of four morphologically s.mila. s.ichotrichous.cilia.es.(Protozoa.Ciliophora.

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Progres. in Na.ural s.ience:Ma.erials.Interna.ional 2009年第5期19卷 581-586页

作者： John Cla.p khaled a.s.al-rasheid a.dula.iz a.al-Khedha.ry Depa.tment of Biology North Carolina Central University Zoology Depa.tment King Saud University

Phylogenetic a.d ta.onomic s.udies.on cilia.e protis.s.us.ng molecula. a.proa.hes.ha.e been demons.ra.ed to be very relia.le to form s.rong conclus.ons.a.d res.lts. In the pres.nt work, s.ecies.s.pa.a.ion of s.me morphologically s.mila. s.ichotrichous.cilia.es. two s.ecies.of Ps.udokeronops.s.a.d two s.ecies.of a.okeronops.s. wa. reexa.ined us.ng a.plified ribos.mal DNa.res.riction a.alys.s.(PCR-RFLP). Five of 10 res.riction enzymes.revealed s.ecies.s.ecific polymorphic pa.terns. of which four s.mila. s.ichotrichs.could be s.gnifica.tly s.pa.a.ed a.d identified. a.ong them, EcoR I offered almos. no s.gnifica.tly different res.riction fra.ment pa.terns. but the four s.ecies.could be s.pa.a.ed from one a.other a.d identified with Ha. Ⅲ. Dis.inctly different res.riction diges.ion ha.lotypes.a.d s.mi-la.ity indices.s.pa.a.ed the s.ecies. a.d were us.d to cons.ruct a.phylogeny. Phylogenies.ba.ed on ITs. nucleotide s.quences.a.d ITs. s.conda.y s.ructures.s.pported the s.pa.a.ion of Ps.udokeronops.s.a.d a.okeronops.s.us.ng RFLP a.alys.s. although three Ps.udoker-onops.s.ca.nea.popula.ions.did not clus.er together. In a.dition, phylogenetic a.alys.s.us.ng multiple algorithms.confirmed tha. thes. two genera.formed two dis.inct groups.within the uros.ylids.

关键词： Ciliophora Ps.udokeronops.s a.okeronops.s PCR-RFLP ITs. s.conda.y s.ructures

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Ta.onomic des.ription of a.new ma.ine cilia.e,Euplotes.qingda.ens.s.n. s..(Ciliophora.Euplotida.

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Chines. Journal of Ocea.ology a.d Limnology 2014年第2期32卷 426-432页

作者：陈相瑞马洪钢 khaled a.s.al-rasheid s.hool of Ma.ine s.ience Ningbo University La.ora.ory of Protozoology Institute of Evolution & Marine BiodiversityOcean University of China Zoology Depa.tment College of ScienceKing Saud University

The cha.a.teris.ics.a.d infra.ilia.ure of a.new euplotid cilia.e, Euplotes.qingda.ens.s.n. s.., dis.overed from the coa.tal wa.ers.of Jia.zhou Ba., northern China. were s.udied us.ng live obs.rva.ion a.d s.lver impregna.ion. The new ma.ine s.ecies.is.cha.a.terized by a.s.ightly fla.tened body （90-110 um×70- 80 um, in vivo）, a. a.oral zone of 26-29 membra.elles. 10 s.rong frontoventral a.d five tra.s.ers. cirri, two ca.dal cirri, a.s.ngle left ma.ginal cirrus. s.ven dors.9} kineties. a.middle kinety with a.out 15 pa.rs.of ba.al bodies. a.s.lverline s.s.em of the double-eurys.omus.type, a.d a.C-s.a.ed ma.ronucleus.

关键词： Euplotes infra.ilia.ure morphology new s.ecies ta.onomy

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Phylogenetic pos.tion of three Condylos.oma.s.ecies.(Protozoa. Ciliophora. Heterotrichea. inferred from the s.all s.bunit rRNa.gene s.quence

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Progres. in Na.ural s.ience:Ma.erials.Interna.ional 2008年第9期18卷 1089-1093页

作者： khaled a.s.al-rasheid s.2}eh a.al-Fa.ra. s.2}eh a.al-Quris.y Zoology Depa.tment King Saud University Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia

The s.s.ema.ically poorly known cilia.e genus.Condylos.oma.wa. erected by Vincent in *** 10 morphotypes.ha.e been reported, but a.y molecula. inves.iga.ions.concerning this.group s. fa. a.e *** this.work, the s.all s.bunit ribos.mal RNa.(s. rRNa. gene of three ma.ine Condylos.oma.s.ecies.wa. s.quenced, by which the phylogenetic trees.were cons.ructed by dis.a.ce-ma.rix, ma.imum pa.s.mony a.d Ba.es.a. inference *** res.lts.s.ow tha. (1) all the trees.ha.e s.mila. topologies.with high s.pports.(2) Condylos.oma.is.mos.ly rela.ed to the genus.Condylos.entor;a.d (3) three Condylos.oma.s.ecies.a. well a. Condylos.entor a.ricula.us.clus.er together a.d form a.s.s.er group with other *** is.modera.ely cons.s.ent with the a.s.s.ment of phylo-genetic rela.ions.ips.of Condylos.oma.rela.ed heterotrichs.from the morphological *** phylogenetic rela.ions.ip of s.me other rela.ed heterotrichs. Peritromus. Folliculina. s.entor a.d Blepha.is.a. ha. been als. dis.us.ed.

关键词： Ma.ine cilia.es Condylos.oma s. rRNA Phylogeny Heterotrichs

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Monophyly or polyphyly? Pos.ible conflict between morphological a.d molecula. interpreta.ions.of the wellknown genus.Zootha.nium(Ciliophora.Peritrichia.

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Chines. Journal of Ocea.ology a.d Limnology 2015年第2期33卷 490-499页

作者：李丽芳马洪钢 al-rasheid khaled a.s. Ma.ine College Shandong University Ins.itute of Evolution & Ma.ine Biodivers.ty Ocean University of China Zoology Depa.tment King Saud University

In this.pa.er, we explore pos.ible conflict between morphological a.d molecula. interpreta.ions.of phylogenetic rela.ions.ips.within the well-known peritrichous.genus.Zootha.nium. On the ba.is.of morphological evidence, for a.long time this.genus.ha. been believed to be a.well-defined monophyletic ta.on. Nonetheles., Zootha.nium exhibits.higher genetic divers.ty tha. the gros. morphology of its.s.ecies. Here, we us.d all a.a.la.le genetic informa.ion for the s.all s.bunit of ribos.mal RNa.（s.U rRNa. a.d internal tra.s.ribed s.a.er region （ITs.-5.8s.ITs.） for this.genus.to recons.ruct phylogenies.for four da.a.ets.（s.U rRNa. ITs., ITs., a.d ITs.-5.8s.ITs.） a.d a.combined da.a.et （s.U rRNa.ITs.-5.8s. ITs.） us.ng different phylogenetic methods.a.d with cons.dera.ion of the s.conda.y s.ructure of the genes. Confidence in phylogenetic tree s.lection wa. a.s.s.ed with the a.proxima.ely unbia.ed tes.. The molecula. res.lts.s.owed both tha. Zootha.nium is.more likely to be polyphyletic, a.d morphologically s.mila. genera.Zootha.nops.s.a.d Myos.his.on were alwa.s.nes.ed a.ong Zootha.nium s.ecies. a.cordingly, a. with s.me other groups.of cilia.es. to unders.a.d more fully the correct phylogeny of Zootha.nium there rema.ns.a.need for a.ditional da.a.from both morphological a.d molecula. s.udies. covering a.ditional Zootha.nium s.p. a.d members.of clos.ly rela.ed genera.（e.g. Zootha.nops.s. Myos.his.on, a.d Epis.ylis..

关键词： peritrichous.cilia.es Zootha.nium phylogenetic a.alys.s monophyly polyphyly

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