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Effects of ethanol on the proteasome interacting proteins

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第11期16卷 1349-1357页

作者： fawzia Bardag-Gorce Department of Pathology LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center

Proteasome dysfunction has been repeatedly reported in alcoholic liver disease. Ethanol metabolism endproducts affect the structure of the proteasome, and, therefore, change the proteasome interaction with its regulatory complexes 19S and PA28, as well as its interacting proteins. Chronic ethanol feeding alters the ubiquitin-proteasome activity by altering the interaction between the 19S and the 20S proteasome interaction. The degradation of oxidized and damaged proteins is thus decreased and leads to accumulation of insoluble protein aggregates, such as Mallory-Denk bodies. Ethanol also affects the immunoproteasome formation. PA28a/b interactions with the 20S proteasome are decreased in the proteasome fraction isolated from the liver of rats fed ethanol chronically, thus affecting the cellular antigen presentation and defense against pathogenic agents. Recently, it has been shown that ethanol also affects the proteasome interacting proteins (PIPs). Interaction of the proteasome with Ecm29 and with deubiquitinating enzymes Rpn11, UCH37, and Usp14 has been found to decrease. However, the two UBL-ubiquitin-associated domain (UBA) PIPs p62 and valosin-containing protein are upregulated when the proteasome is inhibited. The increase of these UBL-UBA proteins, as well as the increase in Hsp70 and Hsp25 levels, compensated for the proteasome failure and helped in the unfolding/docking of misfolded proteins. Chronic alcohol feeding to rats causes a significant inhibition of the proteasome pathway and this inhibition results from a decreases of the interaction between the 20S proteasome and the regulatory complexes, PIPs, and the ubiquitin system components.

关键词： alcoholic liver diseases Proteasome Proteasome interacting proteins

Nuclear effects of ethanol-induced proteasome inhibition in liver cells

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第10期15卷 1163-1167页

作者： fawzia Bardag-Gorce Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center 1124 W. Carson St. Torrance CA 90502 United States

alcohol ingestion causes alteration in several cellular mechanisms, and leads to inflammation, apoptosis, immunological response defects, and fibrosis. These phenomena are associated with significant changes in the epigenetic mechanisms, and subsequently, to liver cell memory. The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway is one of the vital pathways in the cell that becomes dysfunctionial as a result of chronic ethanol consumption. Inhibition of the proteasome activity in the nucleus causes changes in the turnover of transcriptional factors, histone modifying enzymes, and therefore, affects epigenetic mechanisms. alcohol consumption has been associated with an increase in histone acetylation and a decrease in histone methylation, which leads to gene expression changes. DNA and histone modifications that result from ethanol-induced proteasome inhibition are key players in regulating gene expression, especially genes involved in the cell cycle, immunological responses, and metabolism of ethanol. The present review highlights the consequences of ethanol-induced proteasome inhibition in the nucleus of liver cells that are chronically exposed to ethanol.

关键词： alcohol liver injury Proteasome inhibition Epigenetic mechanisms

Proteasome inhibitor treatment in alcoholic liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第20期17卷 2558-2562页

作者： fawzia Bardag-Gorce Department of Pathology Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute Harbor UCLA Medical Center

Oxidative stress, generated by chronic ethanol consumption, is a major cause of hepatotoxicity and liver injury. Increased production of oxygen-derived free radicals due to ethanol metabolism by CYP2E1 is principally located in the cytoplasm and in the mitochondria, which does not only injure liver cells, but also other vital organs, such as the heart and the brain. Therefore, there is a need for better treatment to enhance the antioxidant response elements. To date, there is no established treatment to attenuate high levels of oxidative stress in the liver of alcoholic patients. To block this oxidative stress, proteasome inhibitor treatment has been found to significantly enhance the antioxidant response elements of hepatocytes exposed to ethanol. Recent studies have shown in an experimental model of alcoholic liver disease that proteasome inhibitor treatment at low dose has cytoprotective effects against ethanol-induced oxidative stress and liver steatosis. The beneficial effects of proteasome inhibitor treatment against oxidative stress occurred because antioxidant response elements （glutathione peroxidase 2, superoxide dismutase 2, glutathione synthetase, glutathione reductase, and GCLC） were upregulated when rats fed alcohol were treated with a low dose of PS-34Z （Bortezomib, Velcade）. This is an important finding because proteasome inhibitor treatment up-regulated reactive oxygen species removal and glutathione recycling enzymes, while ethanol feeding alone down-regulated these antioxidant elements. For the first time, it was shown that proteasome inhibition by a highly specific and reversible inhibitor is different from the chronic ethanol feeding-induced proteasome inhibition. As previously shown by our group, chronic ethanol feeding causes a complex dysfunction in the ubiquitin proteasome pathway, which affects the proteasome system, as well as the ubiquitination system. The beneficial effects of proteasome inhibitor treatment in alcoholic liver disease are

关键词： alcoholic liver disease Glutathione Oxidative stress Proteasome inhibitor treatment Steatosis

Prophylactic effect of vitamin E against hepatotoxicity,nephrotoxicity,haematological indices and histopathology induced by diazinon insecticide in mice

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Current Zoology 2009年第3期55卷 219-226页

作者： Nahla S.EL-SHENAWY Rasha A.al-EISA fawzia EL-SalMY Omema SalAH Biology Department Faculty of ScienceTaif UniversityKingdom of Saudi Arabia

Considering that the involvement of reactive oxygen species （ROS） has been implicated in the toxicity of various pesticides, this study was designed to study the ameliorative effect of Vitamin E （100 mg/kg body weight） on mice （25 -30 mg） treated with diazinon （32.5 or 16.25 mg/kg body weight） organophosphate insecticide for 14 days. Subehronic DZN exposure and the protective effects of vitamins E （vitE） were evaluated for their effects on haematological indices, the enzymes concerning liver damage [plasma alanine aminotransferase （ alT）, aspartate aminotaransferase （ AST）, alkaline phosphatise （ alP）, and some parameters of kidney function （urea and creatinine） in mice. Additionally, the histopathological changes in liver and kidney tissue were examined. The high dose of diazinon （DZNH） decreased the body weight significantly at the end of experiment. Additionally, the liver and kidney were examines for histopathological changes. The high dose of diazinon decreased body weight significandy. Moreover, there was a statistically significant decrease in haemoglobin （Hb）, red blood cell （RBC） and hematocrit （Hct） in diazinon-treated mice compared to controls. This decrease was partially remedied in the diazinon-treated group that also received vitE. Damage in the liver and kidney tissues was also evident as elevated plasma alT, AST, alP, urea and creatinine. VitE partially counteracts the toxic effect of DZN and repairs tissue damage in the liver and kidney, especially when supplemented to 1/4 LD50 intoxicated animals. Histopathological changes in liver and kidney were observed only in 32.5 mg/kg DZN given group. These results suggest that the effects of DZN are dose dependent. No pathological findings were observed in vitE ＋ DZNtreated groups. According to the present study, we conclude that vitE ean reduce the detrimental impacts of diazinon on haematological indicies, as well as liver and kidney function [ Current Zoology 55 （3）： 219 - 226, 2009].

关键词： Organophosphorus insecticide alanine aminotransferase (alT) Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) albumin Urea Creatinine Histopathology

Emergence of Vancomycin-resistant Enterococci at a Teaching Hospital, Saudi Arabia

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Chinese Medical Journal 2017年第3期130卷 340-346页

作者： fawzia E alotaibi Elham E Bukhari Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine College of Medicine King Saud University and King Saud University Medical City Riyadh 11461 Saudi Arabia Department of Pediatric Infectious Disease College of Medicine King Saud University and King Saud University Medical City Riyadh 11461 Saudi Arabia

Background： Vancomycin-resistant enterococci （VRE） are a major and emerging hospital-acquired pathogen associated with high mortality, particularly among the critically ill and Intensive Care Units （ICUs） patients. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and demographic and clinical characteristics of VRE among patients admitted to a university hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods： A study was conducted during the period from September 2014 to November 2015 at King Khalid University Hospital, a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, including in-patients with VRE infection. Data were collected using laboratory results and the medical records of admitted patients and were analyzed using SPSS version 19.0 statistical software. Results： In a one-year period, 231 enterococci were isolated from blood, urine, exudates, sputum, stool, and body fluid. There were 191 （82.7%） vancomycin-sensitive enterococci （VSE） and 40 （I 7.3%） isolates were VRE. The Enterococcus species included *** 168 （72.7%）, ***, 53 （22.8%） E. gallinarum 5 （2.2%）, and E. avium 5 （2.2%）. VRE were more significant from blood specimens （P 〈 0.000 I） while VSE were significantly more predominant from urine specimens （P 〈 0.0001）. VRE were more commonly isolated from patients in ICUs and oncology unit （P = 0.0151 and P 〈 0.001, respectively） while VSE were more predominant in the medical and surgical areas （P = 0.0178 and P = 0.0178, respectively）. Conclusions： This study highlights the high prevalence of VRE in the hospital and the association of enterococcal infections with high-risk areas and oncology units, which warrant more studies looking for better management of these infections.

关键词： Epidemiology Hospital Infection Prevalence Vancomycin-resistant Enterococci

The Role of Local Satellite Channels in Social Development of The Emirati Society A Survey Study on a Sample of UAE Audience

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Journalism and Mass Communication 2016年第7期6卷 373-388页

作者： fawzia Abd allah al-ali Sharjah University Sharjah United Arab Emirates

The paper investigates the contributions of TV Social Programs in UAE channels in promoting the social changes among youths in UAE, and to what extent it effects their attitudes towards the society and its values and traditions. The study used the expecting value model and the third person effect concept in analyzing the perceptions of the UAE＇s youths towards the practices of local channels. The sample of the study was 200 male and female from several emirates. The study concluded that 88% of the audience in UAE watch the UAE satellite channels. Dubai channel comes in the top most watched channels, followed by Sharjah Channel, then Abu Dhabi channel. Most of the audience watch these channels in their homes. 78% of the audience watch the TV social programs. The most watched program is Khatwa program in Abd Dhabi channels, followed by shabnaa program. The reasons for watching the social programs are： finding relieve from their problems （66%）, the diversity of these programs （64%）, and the popularity of social programs＇ anchors （5%）. The most discussed issues are Youths problems and unemployment （91%）, local problems （73%）, divorce issues （31%）. They said that these programs encourages for persevering the local heritage （62%）, respect the family values （51%）, and social traditions （48%）. While the most positive features of the social programs are： promote the local anchors （90%）, the most negative features are promoting the western values （94%）, and discussing some issues which are not fit with the local traditions （88%）. In general the study found that the local TV channels played an important role in social changes in UAE.

关键词： Satellite channels social development Emirates UAE society

Can Fig and Olive Ameliorate the toxicity Induced by 2-nitropropane in some organs of mice? role of inflammatory versus anti-inflammatory genes

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2021年第6期41卷 891-899页

作者： Elham A.Abd-allah Nouf S.al-Abbas Mona M.Atia fawzia alzahrani El-Mokhtar M.Ahmed Soad S.ali Soad K.al Jaouni Department of Zoology Faculty of Sciencethe New Valley UniversityEl-Kharga 72511Egypt Department of chemistry Al Leith University CollegeUmm Al-Qura UniversityMecca 21955Saudi Arabia Department of Zoology Faculty of ScienceAssiut UniversityAssiut 71684Egypt Anatomy Department(Cytology and Histology) Faculty of Medicine(FM)King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia(KAU) Department of Microbiology and Immunology Faculty of MedicineAssiut UniversityAssiut 71684Egypt Department of Histology and Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Faculty of MedicineKing Abdul Aziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Department of Hematology/Pediatric Oncology and Head of Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Faculty of MedicineKing Abdul Aziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the efficacy of Fig fruit powder and olive on hepatic,renal and splenic injury induced by 2-nitropropane(2-NP)in mice,especially if they were used in ***:A total of 40 adult BalB/c male mice weighting 25-30 g/*** were categorized into five groups(8 each).Group 1 as negative *** 2 as positive control group intraperitoneally injected with 2-NP(100 mg/kg b.w.)3 times/weekly for eight *** 3 injected with 2-NP and were orally supplemented with Fig(300 mg/kg).Group 4 injected with 2-NP and were orally supplemented with olive(100 mg/kg).Group 5 injected with 2-NP and were orally supplemented with mixture of Fig and olive(3∶1 respectively).RESULTS:Histopathological observation of liver in mice treated with 2-NP showed cellular degeneration,pyknosis,and congestion of the portal *** kidney there were disorganization of the cortical tissues,cellular necrosis and plenty of inflammatory lymphocytic *** elevations in liver function parameters(alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase),m RNA expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α,nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase and cyclooxygenase were detected as anti-inflammatory markers and 5-lipoxygenase,interleukin-1βand interleukin-6 as inflammatory biomarkers for liver and spleen,also significant elevations was detected in lipid peroxidation *** levels of antioxidants,glutathione,glutathione peroxidase,catalase and superoxide dismutase were significantly ***:our findings indicated that Fig fruit powder and olive protected against hepatic,renal and splenic injury induced with 2-NP in mice,especially if they were used in combination.

关键词： Ficus olea antioxidants toxicity tests 2-nitropropane inflammatory genes

Uses of Social Networking Sites and Satisfactions Achieved by Emirati Youth： A Field Study on a Sample of Sharjah University Students

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Journalism and Mass Communication 2017年第3期7卷 113-132页

作者： fawzia Abd allah al-ali Sharjah University Sharjah United Arab Emirates

The study, throughout the usage of Emirati youth for the social networking sites and satisfactions achieved, illustrated that the nature of those networks is considered a rapidly developing method of communication, which is accompanied by attempts to impose a number of short abbreviated vocabulary to be used among the youth. Since social networking sites represent one of the most significant tremendous development aspects of information technology, which reached its peak during the last decade, the researcher considered the importance of conducting this study in order to know the impact of social networking sites on the youth through Intemet, blogs and chat rooms, as well as attempting to confront them and making them aware of their importance in their daily lives. Accordingly, the study has focused on a random category of youth, whose ages are ranging between 17-21 years old of university students, as being the highest category of usage. Results revealed the following： A high percentage of Emirati youth 77.5% mentioned that they ＂always＂ use those sites; the percentage of males, who ＂always＂ use social media reached 38.5% while the percentage of females reached 61, since the meaningful value reached 0.05〉0.044, which indicated that WhatsApp, YouTube, Twitter and Facebook are the most commonly used social media by the study individuals. Most of the study individuals use the social networking sites daily 84%, and there are statistically significant differences between males and females in terms of the times of using social media. A high percentage of the Emirati youth uses Internet for more than three hours daily; especially in the evenings, and there are not statistically significant differences between males and females in terms of the most common periods in which social media are used, and the most common age groups of using social media from one year and more range between 17-20. ＂Home＂ is the most favorite place of using social media （85.40% mentioned that）. Mos

关键词： satisfaction youth social network

Screening of biological activities of Polygonum maritimum *** A lgerian coast

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2013年第8期3卷 611-616页

作者： Imad Abdelhamid El-Haci fawzia Atik Bekkara Wissame Mazari Fay al Hassani Mohamed AmineDidi Laboratoire des Produits Naturels BP 119 Imama13000Université Abou Bekr Belkaid-Tlemcen-Algérie Laboratoire d'Ecologie et Gestion des Ecosystèmes Naturels BP 119 Imama13000Université Abou Bekr Belkaid-Tlemcen-Algérie Laboratoire des Technologies de Séparations et de Purifications BP 119 Imama13000Université Abou Bekr Belkaid-Tlemcen-Algérie

Objective:To investigate the antioxidant and the antibacterial activities of crude extract from aerial part of Polygonum maritimumL.(Polygonaceae)(***)and to find new actives ***:The whole plant was collected from the Rechgoune coast(West of algeria),and methanolic crude extract of aerial parts ***(PMCE)was *** extract was tested against different bacterial strain and tested for his ability to neutralize free radical(DPPH)and to scavenge the ***:PMCE had a very high content of total phenol,which was(352.49依18.03)mg/g dry weight,expressed as gallic acid *** exhibited excellent antioxidant activity,as measured using DPPH and H2O2 scavenging *** also showed a high antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacterial strains:Bacillus cereus,Bacillus subtilisandStaphylococcus aureus with an highest MIC of 120μg/***:The antioxidant and antibacterial activity of the PMCE is probably due to phenolic compounds present in the *** contemporary presence of antioxidant and antibacterialactivities in the PMCE suggests that this plant may be a source of bioactive substances with multifaceted activity.

关键词： Polygonum maritimumL. Phenolic compounds Antioxidant activity Antibacterial activity