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Physico-chemical properties and macrofauna of soils under various farming systems of cold arid region in Balochistan,Pakistan

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第8期21卷 2618-2630页

作者： KHAN Mehmood GUL shamim KAKAR Hidayatullah PANEZAI Sanaullah KHAN Nayab ZIAD Tariq NASEEM Mahrukh SHAHEEN Umbreen Department of Botany University of BalochistanQuetta 87300Pakistan Department of Natural Resource Sciences McGill University21111 Lakeshore Road Ste.Anne de BellevueQuébec H9X 3V9Canada Directorate of Agriculture Research Soil and Water TestingAgricultural Research InstituteQuetta 87300Pakistan Department of Geography and Regional Planning University of BalochistanQuetta 87300Pakistan Department of Zoology University of BalochistanQuetta 87300Pakistan

Barshore is a small village in the Pishin District,Balochistan,Pakistan,with dry summers and cold rainy *** is an agrarian region,mostly with orchards of various fruit *** study investigated the physico-chemical properties and macrofauna of soils under various agricultural management practices of this *** concentrations of soil organic matter(SOM),soil organic carbon(SOC),nutrients,pH,electrical conductivity,soil texture,and the abundance and number of species of soil macrofauna of the agricultural fields were *** agricultural fields were *** fields were orchards of apple,apricot or the mixture of apple and apricot trees and one field was a cropland,cultivated with wheat as a *** orchards were under conservation agricultural practices;whereas,the cropland was under conventional *** agricultural lands were 2-26 years *** concentration of soil organic matter(SOM)in the upper 0-10 cm depth of these field sites ranged from 11.6 g kg^(-1)to 32.8 g kg^(-1)*** compared to cropland,orchards had significantly higher concentration of SOM and SOC.A total of 18 soil macrofauna species were found and the most common and abundant were ants(Monomorium minimum,Camponotus pennsylvanicus,Solenopsis invicta,and Lasius niger)followed by Arion ssp.(Brown Slug)and earthworm Lumbricus *** analysis revealed non-significant relationship of the age and the concentration of SOM with the number of macrofauna species and with the concentrations of total mineral nitrogen,bioavailable phosphorus and *** existence of ants had no relationship with the concentration of SOM;whereas,existence of Lumbricus terrestris tended to had a positive relationship with the concentration of *** field of tree-based intercropping system was 2 years of age since the land was converted from rangeland to a cropland,had two ant species *** indicates the positive influence of crop diversification on soil

关键词： Soil organic matter Macrofauna Land use history Tree-based intercropping Conservation agriculture

Electronic and thermoelectric properties of YbMg_(2)X_(2)(X=P,As,Sb,Bi)zintl compounds by first-principles method

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第1期42卷 147-154,I0006页

作者： Sajid Khan Dil Faraz Khan R.Neffati Tariq Usman Muhammad Waqar Ahsraf shamim Khan Saeed Ullah Jan G.Murtaza Department of Physics University of Science&Technology BannuBannu28100Pakistan Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityP.O.Box 9004AbhaSaudi Arabia Laboratoire de Physique de La Matiere Condensee Departement de PhysiqueFaculte des Sciences de TunisUniversite Tunis El ManarCampus Universitaire1060TunisTunisia Department of Physics Shaoxing UniversityShaoxing312000China Department of Mathematics&Natural Sciences Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd UniversityAlkhobar31952Saudi Arabia Materials Modeling Lab Department of PhysicsIslamia College Peshawar25120KhyberPakhtunkhwaPakistan

In this work the structural,electronic and thermoelectric properties of YbMg_(2)X_(2)(X=P,As,Sb,Bi)zintl compounds were investigated comprehensively using first principles *** electronic properties were studied using PBE GGA,TB-mBJ and hybrid(YS-PBE0)*** the structural parameters of optimized structures are in harmonious agreement to the available *** band structure study illustrates that the titled materials manifest metallic and semi metallic nature using PBE and TB-mBJ potentials while they show wide band gap semiconducting behavior by following hybrid(YS-PBE0)*** density of states(TDOS)and partial density of states(PDOS)were also calculated to glimpse the contribution of orbitals of atoms in the formation of *** properties were studied by using BoltzTraP2 code employed to *** get enormous values of Seebeck coefficient(S),power factor(PF)and thermoelectric figure of merit(ZT)for all the samples YbMg_(2)X_(2)(X=P,As,Sb,Bi),Moreover,the overwhelming transport properties for the titled compounds indicate the optimum level of carriers’concentration which pinpoints these materials to be better thermoelectrics in the 1-2-2 zintl family.

关键词： Zintl compounds Hybrid functional Band structure Thermoelectrics Rare earths

Impact of numerous larval diets on the biology of pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella(Saunders)(Lepidoptera:Gelechiidae)under laboratory conditions

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Journal of Cotton Research 2024年第1期7卷 69-78页

作者： AKHTAR shamim ARIF Muhammad Jalal GOGI Muhammad Dildar HAQ Imran-ul Department of Entomology University of Agriculture FaisalabadPunjabPakistan Ayub Agricultural Research Institute(Entomological Research Institute) FaisalabadPunjabPakistan Department of Plant Pathology University of AgricultureFaisalabadPunjabPakistan

Background Pink bollworm,Pectinophora gossypiella(Saunders)(Lepidoptera:Gelechiidae)has become a poten-tial pest of cotton by causing substantial yield losses around the world including *** in view the facts like limited research investigations,unavailability,and high cost of artificial diet’s constituents and their premixes,the present research investigations on the dietary aspect of *** were *** larvae of *** were reared on different diets that were prepared using indigenous *** standard/laboratory diet com-prised of wheat germ meal 34.5 g,casein 30.0 g,agar–agar 20.0 g,sucrose 10.0 g,brewer’s yeast 5.0 g,α-cellulose 1.0 g,potassium-sorbate1.5 g,niplagin 0.5 g,decavitamin 0.01 g,choline-chloride 0.06 g,maize-oil 3.30 g,honey 2.0 g,and water 730.0 *** to cotton bolls and wheat germ meal were okra seed sprouts,okra fruit,cottonseed meal,and okra seed meals,which were included in the study to introduce an efficient and economic mass-rearing *** The larval development completed in 19.68d±0.05 d with a weight of 20.18mg±0.20 mg at the fourth instar fed on the cottonseed meal-based diet instead of wheat germ meal based *** the same diet,84.00%±4.00%,17.24 mg±0.03 mg,and 7.76d±0.06 d were recorded as pupae formation,pupal weight,and pupal duration,*** emergence,76.00%±1.00%was recorded from pupae collected from larvae raised on cottonseed meal-based *** male and female moths lived for 40.25d±0.10 d,and 44.34d±0.11 d,*** deposited 21.28±0.04 eggs per day with the viability of 65.78%±0.14%.The larval mortal-ity at the fourth instar was 37.20%±1.36%and malformed pupation of 12.00%±1.41%was *** of wheat germ meal with that of local meals(cottonseed and okra seed)in the standard laboratory diet has saved 463.80 to 467.10 PKR with 1.62 to 1.63 cost economic returns,*** This research is of novel nature as it provides a concis

关键词： Artificial diets Cottonseed meal Laboratory rearing Pectinophora gossypiella Wheat germ meal

Turning Trash into Treasure: Developing an Intelligent Bin for Plastic Bottle Recycling

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Journal of Social Computing 2024年第1期5卷 1-14页

作者： Sirajam Munira Niloy Paul Md Ashraful alam Md.Mahmudur Rahman M.shamim Kaiser Institute of Information Technology Jahangirnagar UniversityDhaka 1342Bangladesh

Plastic pollution has emerged as a major global concern due to its enduring nature and limited recycling *** response to this critical challenge,this paper presents a novel approach utilizing a Detection-Based Reward System(DBRS)alongside an innovative business model to promote effective plastic waste management,reduce plastic waste accumulation in the nature,and uphold environmental *** the YOLOv5 algorithm for its exceptional accuracy,speed,and open-source availability,plastic bottle detection becomes a pivotal aspect of this *** seamlessly enroll in the system,triggering an automated detection process that computes reward points corresponding to their deposited plastic *** reward points are meticulously stored within a centralized *** its operational facets,this comprehensive system encompasses a robust business model,strategically poised to capture widespread engagement with waste disposal practices,thereby contributing to the realization of Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)geared towards fostering a healthier ***,the DBRS attains cutting-edge performance in plastic bottle detection,boasting an impressive mean Average Precision(mAP)of 0.973,underscoring its efficacy in tackling plastic pollution.

关键词： smart environment reward system YOLOv5 deep learning business model

allogenic Stem Cell Transplantation and COVID-19 Antibodies: Mechanistic Insights and Recipient Concerns

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Open Journal of Immunology 2024年第2期14卷 16-32页

作者： Amna Umer Asma Umer Khayam Nasar Khan David Lawrence Greene Umm E. Habiba Sabiha shamim Pak-American Hospital Pvt. Ltd. Islamabad Pakistan R3 Medical Research LLC Scottsdale USA Bello Bio Labs and Therapeutics (SMC) Pvt. Ltd. Islamabad Pakistan Department of Biochemistry Rawalpindi Medical University Rawalpindi Pakistan Bello Bio LLC Scottsdale USA

Collecting umbilical cord stem cells is widely practiced due to its numerous benefits. Over the past decade, umbilical cord stem cells (UCSCs) have shown effectiveness in treating various conditions, such as bone pathologies, neuropsychiatry disorders, hereditary diseases, and metabolic disorders. However, factors like immunization affect the quantity and quality of cord harvesting. Studies suggest that antibodies from the mother pass through the umbilical cord to protect the infant against infections. Cleaning the umbilical cord before stem cell extraction is crucial to maintain sterility and cell integrity. Vaccinating a female donor, including for COVID-19, typically does not directly affect the stem cells. although vaccines aim to trigger an immunological response, they generally do not affect the donor’s stem cells.

关键词： Vaccination Stem Cell allogeneic COVID Antibodies

ZnO Incorporated Acrylamide Grafted Chitosan Based Composite Film for Advanced Wound Healing Applications

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第4期14卷 1034-1051页

作者： Khodeja Afrin Kaniz Fatema Fariha Afrose Md. Abdus Samad Azad Md. shamim Akter Md. Saiful alam Papia Haque Yeasmin Akter Newaz Mohammed Bahadur Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Noakhali Science and Technology University Noakhali Bangladesh Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering University of Dhaka Dhaka Bangladesh

This study was carried out to prepare ZnO nanoparticles incorporated acrylamide grafted chitosan composite film for possible biomedical application especially drug loading in wound healing. ZnO nanoparticles were prepared by co-precipitation method from zinc acetate di-hydrate and incorporated in acrylamide grafted chitosan. FT-IR and TGA of the prepared composite film confirmed the successful incorporation of ZnO nanoparticles in the acrylamide-grafted polymer matrix. SEM images showed that the ZnO nanoparticles were homogeneously distributed on the porous matrix of the composite film. Water uptake and buffer uptake analysis revealed that the composite film could hold water and buffer sufficiently, which facilitated the absorption of exudate from the wound site. Amoxicillin was loaded in the prepared composite film and the maximum loading efficiency was found to be 67.33% with drug concentration of 300 ppm. In vitro studies showed greater antimicrobial activity of drug-loaded composite film compared to both pure film and standard antibiotic disc. Finally, the In vivo mouse model showed maximum healing efficiency compared to conventional gauge bandages because the loading of antibiotic in the film produced a synergistic effect and healing time was reduced.

关键词： Chitosan ZnO Nanoparticles Wound Management Acrylamide Grafting Bacterial Resistance Drug Loading

Production of Biochar for Soil Application:A Comparative Study of Three Kiln Models

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Pedosphere 2015年第5期25卷 696-702页

作者： shamim MIA Nijam UDDIN Shaikh Abdullah al MAMUN HOSSAIN Ruhul AMIN Fatima Z.METE Tjisse HIEMSTRA Department of Agronomy Patuakhali Science and Technology University Department of Agricultural Chemistry Patuakhali Science and Technology University Department of Agricultural Engineering Patuakhali Science and Technology University Globe Soft Drinks Ltd. Department of Soil Quality Wageningen University

Biochar has potentials for soil fertility improvement, climate change mitigation and environmental reclamation, and charred biomass can be deliberately incorporated into soil for long-term carbon stabilization and soil amendment. Many different methods have been used for biochar production ranging from laboratory to industrial scales. However, in countryside of developing countries, biomass is generally used for cooking but not charred. Biochar production techniques at farmer scale have remained poorly developed. We developed and tested biochar production kilns for farmers with a dimension of 50.8 cm × 38.1 cm （height × diameter）, using three different setups for optimizing oxygen （02） limitation and syngas circulation： airtight with no syngas circulation （Model I）, semi-airtight with external syngas circulation （Model II） and semi-airtight with internal syngas circulation （Model III）. A comparative assessment of these biochar production kiln models was made considering biochar pyrolysis time, fuel to biomass ratio, biochar to feedstock ratio and thermogravimetric index （TGI）. Among the models, the best quality biochar （TGI ---- 0.15） was obtained from Model I kiln taking the longest time for pyrolysis （12.5 h） and the highest amount of fuel wood （1.22 kg kg-1 biomass）. Model III kiln produced comparatively good quality biochar （TGI = 0.11）, but with less fuel wood requirement （0.33 kg kg-1 biomass） and shorter pyrolysis time （8.5 h）. We also tested Model III kiln in a three times larger size under two situations （steel kiln and pit kiln）. The biochar to feedstock ratio （0.38） and quality （TGI =0.14） increased slightly for the larger kilns. Quality of biochar was found to be mainly related to pyrolysis time. The costs for the biochar stove and pit kiln were US$ 65-77, while it was US$ 154 for the large size steel kiln. Model III kiln can potentially be used for both cooking and biochar production at farmer scale.

关键词： biomass farmer scale feedstock fuel wood requirement O2 limitation pyrolysis time syngas circulation thermogravi- metric index

Detection of QTL(quantitative trait loci) associated with wood density by evaluating genetic structure and linkage disequilibrium of teak

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第6期30卷 2247-2258页

作者： Vivek Vaishnav shamim Akhtar Ansari Institute of Forest Productivity

To find the quantitative trait loci associated with wood density in teak(Tectona grandis L.f.), 21 co-dominant markers including 13 site specific recombinase and 8 EST-based co-dominant markers designed from lignin biosynthesis genes were applied to 174 teak plus tree clones at the National Germplasm Bank, Chandrapur,India. The germplasm bank exhibited 10.6% coefficient of variation for wood densities with 84.5 ± 31.3 genetic polymorphism(%). The highly panmictic set of genotypes(FST= 0.035 ± 0.004) harbored 96.47 ± 0.40 genetic variability(%). The average allelic frequency of the 21 codominant markers was 0.65 ± 0.11 with 12.9% pairs of loci in significant LD(p\0.05, R^2 values [ 0.1), confirming their suitability for a strong marker-trait association study. The marker CCoAMT-1 was significantly(p\0.01) associated with wood density showing stability by both GLM and MLM models and explained 4.3% of the phenotypic effect. The marker from the EST representing CCoAMT can be further developed for gene-assisted selection of elite genotypes of teak with greater wood density. Therefore, we believe that the report will help accelerate the genetic improvement and advance the breeding program of the species.

关键词： Association mapping Expressed sequence tags(EST) General linear model(GLM) Linkage disequilibrium(LD) Lignin Mixed linear model(MLM) Principal co-ordinate analysis(PCoA)

Solving constrained portfolio optimization model using stochastic fractal search approach

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International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics 2023年第2期16卷 223-249页

作者： Mohammad Shahid Zubair Ashraf Mohd shamim Mohd shamim Ansari Department of Commerce Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarhIndia Department of Computer Science Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarhIndia

Purpose-Optimum utilization of investments has always been considered one of the most crucial aspects of capital *** into various securities is the subject of portfolio optimization intent to maximize return at minimum *** this series,a population-based evolutionary approach,stochastic fractal search(SFS),is derived from the natural growth *** study aims to develop portfolio selection model using SFS approach to construct an efficient portfolio by optimizing the Sharpe ratio with risk budgeting ***/methodology/approach-This paper proposes a constrained portfolio optimization model using the SFS approach with risk-budgeting *** is an evolutionary method inspired by the natural growth process which has been modeled using the fractal *** analysis has been conducted to determine the effectiveness of the proposed model by making comparisons with state-of-the-art from domain such as genetic algorithm,particle swarm optimization,simulated annealing and differential *** real datasets of the Indian stock exchanges and datasets of global stock exchanges such as Nikkei 225,DAX 100,FTSE 100,Hang Seng31 and S&P 100 have been taken in the ***-The study confirms the better performance of the SFS model among its ***,statistical analysis has been done using SPSS 20 to confirm the hypothesis developed in the experimental ***/value-In the recent past,researchers have already proposed a significant number of models to solve portfolio selection problems using the meta-heuristic ***,this is the first attempt to apply the SFS optimization approach to the problem.

关键词： Portfolio optimization Risk-budgeting constraint Sharpe ratio Evolutionary algorithm Stochastic fractal search