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Nutrition status and Helicobacter pylori infection in patients receiving hemodialysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第15期24卷 1591-1600页

作者： Mitsushige Sugimoto Hideo Yasuda akira Andoh Division of Digestive Endoscopy Shiga University of Medical Science Hospital First Department of Medicine Hamamatsu University School of Medicine Department of Gastroenterology Shiga University of Medical Science Hospital

Chronic kidney disease(CKD) patients receiving hemodialysis(HD) often develop gastrointestinal abnormalities over their long treatment period. In general, prognosis in such patients is poor due to the development of protein-energy wasting(PEW). Therefore, it is important to clarify the etiology of PEW and to establish better strategies to deal with this condition. Chronic Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) infection in the gastric mucosa has a close association with not only the development of peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer, but is also associated with abnormal plasma and gastric mucosal ghrelin levels that are seen in malnutrition. It is unclear whether H. pylori infection of the gastric mucosa is directly associated with prognosis in HD patients by affecting ghrelin levels. Recent studies show that the prevalence of H. pylori infection in HD patients is significantly lower than in subjects with normal renal function. In the natural history of H. pylori infection in HD patients, the prevalence of infection decreases as the length of time on HD increases. The severity of gastric mucosal atrophy has been suggested as the major determinant of ghrelin levels in these patients, and eradication therapy of H. pylori improves nutritional status by increasing serum cholinesterase and cholesterol levels, especially in patients with mildto-moderate gastric mucosal atrophy. Prompt H. pylori eradication to inhibit the progress of gastric atrophy may be required to prevent this decrease in ghrelin levels and subsequent PEW and improve the prognosis of HD patients by improving their nutritional status.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Hemodialysis Ghrelin Gastric mucosa Anti-bacterial agents

Decentralized PD Control for Non-uniform Motion of a Hamiltonian Hybrid System

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2008年第2期5卷 119-124页

作者： Mingcong Deng Hongnian Yu akira Inoue Department of Systems Engineering Okayama University 3-1-1 Tsushima-Naka Okayama 700-8530 Japan Faculty of Computing Engineering and Technology Staffordshire University Stafford ST18 0DG UK

In this paper, a decentralized proportional-derivative （PD） controller design for non-uniform motion of a Hamiltonian hybrid system is considered. A Hamiltonian hybrid system with the capability of producing a non-uniform motion is developed. The structural properties of the system are investigated by means of the theory of Hamiltonian systems. A relationship between the parameters of the system and the parameters of the proposed decentralized PD controller is shown to ensure local stability and tracking performance. Simulation results are included to show the obtained non-uniform motion.

关键词： Decentralized proportional-derivative (PD) control hybrid system non-uniform motion local stability tracking performance

On/off switching of adhesion in gecko-inspired adhesives

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Biosurface and Biotribology 2021年第2期7卷 83-89页

作者： Tetsuo Yamaguchi akira Akamine Yoshinori Sawae Department of Biomaterial Sciences The University of TokyoTokyoJapan Department of Mechanical Engineering Kyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan International Institute for Carbon‐Neutral Energy Research Kyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan

In this study,the adhesion-detachment behaviour of a gecko-inspired adhesive pad was investigated to understand the on/off switching mechanisms of adhesion in gecko feet.A macroscopic spatula model was fabricated using silicone rubber,and adhesion tests combining lateral sliding and vertical debonding were *** was observed that the contact state and the adhesion force of the pad vary considerably with the direction of lateral sliding prior to debonding,and that the pad achieves adhesion during debonding even when it loses contact due to excess lateral *** results explain the mech-anisms behind the on/off switching and stable adhesion of gecko feet,and suggest the possibility of developing new-generation adhesives capable of switchable adhesion.

关键词： rubber macroscopic behaviour

Ultrasonic measurements of single-crystal gold under hydrostatic pressures up to 8 GPa in a Kawai-type multi-anvil apparatus

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2007年第12期52卷 1600-1606页

作者： SONG MaoShuang akira YONEDA Eiji ITO Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China Institute for Study of the Earth Interior Okayama University Misasa Tottori-ken 683-0193 Japan

Ultrasonic measurements were conducted on single-crystal gold at ambient condition and hydrostatic pressures up to 8 GPa at room temperature in a Kawai-type multi-anvil apparatus. The P-wave velocities measured at high pressures were in good agreement with Daniels and Smith’s ultrasonic study. The three independent elastic constants of gold at ambient condition were determined to be C11=192.7 GPa, C12=162.9 GPa, and C44=42.4 GPa. On the basis of an analysis of previous elastic data and the present ultrasonic data, the pressure derivatives of three elastic constants were estimated to be C1 ′1= 7.12,C 1′2 = 6.24,and C4′4 = 1.82. The calculated values of isothermal bulk modulus (KT0) and its pressure derivatives ( KT ′0) are KT0 = 166.44 GPa and KT ′0= 6.56. This indicates that Anderson et al.’s model of equation of state of gold might underestimates pressure about 1 GPa at pressure around 23 GPa and ambient temperature. Our results explained the discrepancies among the models of equation of state of gold proposed previously.

关键词：单晶体黄金超声波测量高温高压实验流体静力学状态方程

An Improvement of Multigrid Methods Using Multiple Grids on Each Layer for Parallel Computing

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Journal of Mathematical Research with Applications 2021年第1期41卷 87-98页

作者： akira IMAKURA University of Tsukuba

Multigrid methods are widely used and well studied for linear solvers and preconditioners of Krylov subspace methods. The multigrid method is one of the most powerful approaches for solving large scale linear systems; however, it may show low parallel efficiency on coarse grids. There are several kinds of research on this issue. In this paper, we intend to overcome this difficulty by proposing a novel multigrid algorithm that has multiple grids on each *** results indicate that the proposed method shows a better convergence rate compared with the existing multigrid method.

关键词： linear systems multigrid preconditioner

Nonlinear Diffusion and Transient Osmosis

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2011年第8期56卷 352-366页

作者： akira Igarashi Lamberto Rondoni Antonio Botrugno Marco Pizzi Dipartimento di Matematica Politecnico di Torino INFN Sezione di Torino Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics China CAS Eltek Group

We investigate both analytically and numerically the concentration dynamics of a solution in two containers connected by a narrow and short channel, in which diffusion obeys a porous medium equation. We also consider the variation of the pressure in the containers due to the flow of matter in the channel. In particular, we identify a phenomenon, which depends on the transport of matter across nano-porous membranes, which we call ＂transient osmosis＂. We find that nonlinear diffusion of the porous medium equation type allows numerous different osmotic-like phenomena, which are not present in the case of ordinary Fickian diffusion. Experimental results suggest one possible candidate for transiently osmotic processes.

关键词： anomalous transport porous medium equation osmotic pressure

Blueschist from the Toudaoqiao Area, Inner Mongolia, NE China: Evidence for the Suture between the Ergun and the Xing'an Blocks

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Journal of Earth Science 2017年第2期28卷 241-248页

作者： Limin Zhao akira Takasu Yongjiang Liu Weimin Li College of Earth Sciences Jilin University Department of Geoscience Shimane University

Blueschist accompanied by pelitic schist expose along the Xinlin-Xiguitu fault in the Toudaoqiao area, northeastern China. In this paper, the blueschist is systematically studied on the petrography and mineral chemistry. The amphiboles in the blueschist are zoned from winchite core to magnesioriebeckite/glaucophane rim to winchite outermost rim. The peak metamorphic conditions are defined by the mineral assemblage of magnesioriebeckite/glaucophane, epidote, high-Si phengite（Si〈7.1）, chlorite, albite, hematite and quartz, indicating an epidote-blueschist facies metamorphism. The P-T conditions are estimated as T=350–400 ℃ and P=10-12 kbar. The occurrence of the blueschist along the Xinlin-Xiguitu fault strongly suggests the fault is the suture between the Ergun and the Xing＇an blocks situated in the eastern portions of the Central Asia Orogenic Belt（CAOB）.

关键词： Toudaoqiao blueschists zoned amphibole P-T path Xinlin-Xiguitu suture

Antifibrotic effect of aloe vera in viral infection-induced hepatic periportal fibrosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第17期18卷 2026-2034页

作者： Sahar K Hegazy Mohamed El-Bedewy akira Yagi Department of Clinical Pharmacy Faculty of PharmacyTanta UniversityTanta 8130Egypt Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of MedicineTanta UniversityTanta 8130Egypt Placenta/Aloe Research Institute Japan Bio-Products Co.Ltd.1488-4Aikawa-machiKurume-shiFukuoka Bio Factory 204Fukuoka 839-0861Japan

AIM:To investigate the anti-oxidative and anti-fibrotic effects of aloe vera in patients with liver ***:Aloe vera high molecular weight fractions(AHM) were processed by patented hyper-dry system in combination of freeze-dry technique with microwave and far infrared-ray *** healthy volunteers as the control group and 40 patients were *** patients were randomly subdivided into two equal groups:the conventional group was treated with placebo(starch),and AHM group was treated with 0.15 gm/d AHM,both for 12 consecutive *** patients were investigated before and after *** activity of aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),alkaline phosphatase(ALP),hyaluronic acid(HA),transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β) and matrixmetalloproteinase-2(MMP-2) were *** reduced glutathione(GSH) and malondialdehyde(MDA) levels in liver were assayed and the expression of hepatic α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA) was identified by ***:At the start of the study,the hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed fibro-proliferated bile ductules,thick fibrous septa and dense inflammatory cellular infiltration in the patients before *** use of AHM for 12 wk significantly ameliorated the fibrosis,inhibited the inflammation,and resulted in minimal infiltration and minimal fibrosis compared to the conventional *** enzyme activities of the liver(ALT,AST and ALP) were attenuated after treatment in both groups,and the decrease in the AHM group was more significant as compared with the conventional *** to the AST,the MDA levels were significantly higher before treatment,and were attenuated after treatment in both *** contrast,the hepatic glutathione content in the patients were decreased significantly in the AHM group compared to the *** serum levels of the fibrosis markers(HA,TGF-β and MMP-2) were also reduced significantly after *** expression of α-SMA was m

关键词： Hepatic fine periportal fibrosis Aloe vera α-smooth muscle actin Transforming growth factor-β Hyaluronic acid

Flow and geochemical modeling of drainage from Tomitaka mine,Miyazaki,Japan

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第10期27卷 130-143页

作者： Kohei Yamaguchi Shingo Tomiyama Hideya Metugi Hiroyuki Ii akira Ueda Mitsubishi Materials Corporation 1-297 KitabukuroOmiyaSaitama 330-0835Japan Mitsubishi Materials Techno Corporation 1-14-16 KudankitaChiyoda-kuTokyo 102-8205Japan Faculty of Systems Engineering Wakayama University Japan Oil Gas and Metals National Corporation Graduate School Division of Science and Engineering University of Toyama

The chemistry and flow of water in the abandoned Tomitaka mine of Miyazaki, western Japan were investigated. This mine is located in a non-ferrous metal deposit and acid mine drainage issues from it. The study was undertaken to estimate the quantities of mine drainage that needs to be treated in order to avoid acidification of local rivers, taking into account seasonal variations in rainfall. Numerical models aimed to reproduce observed water levels and fluxes and chemical variations of groundwater and mine drainage. Rock–water interactions that may explain the observed variations in water chemistry are proposed. The results show that：（1） rain water infiltrates into the deeper bedrock through a highly permeable zone formed largely by stopes that are partially filled with spoil from excavations（ore minerals and host rocks）;（2） the water becomes acidic（p H from 3 to 4） as dissolved oxygen oxidizes pyrite;（3） along the flow path through the rocks, the redox potential of the water becomes reducing, such that pyrite becomes stable and p H of the mine drainage becomes neutral; and（4） upon leaving the mine, the drainage becomes acidic again due to oxidation of pyrite in the rocks. The present numerical model with considering of the geochemical characteristics can simulate the main variations in groundwater flow and water levels in and around the Tomitaka mine, and apply to the future treatment of the mine drainage.

关键词： Mine drainage Hydrogen isotope Oxygen isotope Rock–water interaction Water movement