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Correlation between process parameters,grain size and hardness of friction-stir-welded Cu-Zn alloys

Rare Metals 2018年第5期37卷 388-398页

作者： akbar heidarzadeh Tohid Saeid Faculty of Materials Engineering Sahand University of Technology

In this study, the effects of tool rotational speed, tool traverse speed, and Zn content on the grain size and hardness of the friction-stir-welded （FSWed） Cu-Zn alloy joints were investigated. The microstructures of the joints were examined using optical microscope （OM） and scanning transmission electron microscope （STEM）. Vickers hardness test was conducted to evaluate the hardness of the joints. In addition, the relationships between the process parameters, grain size, and hardness of the joints were established. The results show that the developed relationships predict the grain size and hardness of the joints accurately. The Zn content of the alloys is the most effective parameter on the grain size and hardness, where the tool traverse speed has the minimum effect. The relationship between the hardness and grain size of the joints has a deviation from the Hall-Petch equation due to formation of high dislocation density inside the grains. At higher Zn amounts, the dislocation tangles with high density form instead of dislocation cells, and hence, lower conformity with the Hall-Petch relationship is observed.

关键词： Friction stir welding Grain size Hardness Cu-Zn alloy

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Characterization of the tensile properties of friction stir welded aluminum alloy joints based on axial force, traverse speed, and rotational speed

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2016年第3期11卷 289-298页

作者： Biranchi PANDA A. GARG Zhang JIAN akbar heidarzadeh Liang GAO IDMEC Instituto Superior Tecnico Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa1040-001 Portugal Department of Mechatronics Engineering Shantou University Shantou515063 China Department of Materials Engineering Azarbaijan Shahid MadaniUniversity Tabriz Iran The State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment andTechnology Huazahong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China

Friction stir welding （FSW） process has gained attention in recent years because of its advantages over the conventional fusion welding process. These advantages include the absence of heat formation in the affected zone and the absence of large distortion, porosity, oxidation, and cracking. Experimental investigations are necessary to understand the physical behavior that causes the high tensile strength of welded joints of different metals and alloys. Existing literature indicates that tensile properties exhibit strong dependence on the rotational speed, traverse speed, and axial force of the tool that was used. Therefore, this study introduces the experimental procedure for measuring tensile properties, namely, ultimate tensile strength （UTS） and tensile elongation of the welded AA 7020 A1 alloy. Experimental findings suggest that a welded part with high UTS can be achieved at a lower heat input compared with the high heat input condition. A numerical approach based on genetic programming is employed to produce the functional relationships between tensile properties and the three inputs （rotational speed, traverse speed, and axial force） of the FSW process. The formulated models were validated based on the experimental data, using the statistical metrics. The effect of the three inputs on the tensile properties was investigated using 2D and 3D analyses. A high UTS was achieved, including a rotational speed of 1050 r/min and traverse speed of 95 mm/min. The results also indicate that 8 kN axial force should be set prior to the FSW process.

关键词： tensile properties ultimate tensile strength tensile elongation friction stir welding tool rotational speed genetic programming welding speed

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Empirical model to predict mass gain of cobalt electroless deposition on ceramic particles using response surface methodology

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Rare Metals 2017年第3期36卷 209-219页

作者： akbar heidarzadeh Reza Taherzadeh Mousavian Rasoul Azari Khosroshahi Yalda A.Afkham Hesam Pouraliakbar Faculty of Engineering Azarbaijan Shahid Madani UniversityTabriz 7200-000Iran Department of Materials Engineering Sahand University of TechnologyTabriz 65175-4171Iran Department of Advanced Materials WorldTech Scientific Research Center(WT-SRC)Tehran 71857-3834Iran

This investigation was undertaken to predict the mass gain （MG） of cobalt electroless deposition （ED） on ceramic SiC *** surface methodology （RSM） based on a full factorial design with three ED parameters and 30 runs was used to conduct the experiments and to establish a mathematical model by means of Design-Expert *** ED parameters considered were pH,bath temperature and ceramic particle *** of variance was applied to validate the predicted *** results of confirmation analysis by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） show that the developed models are reasonably *** pH is the most effective parameter for the ***,the highest mass gain is obtained for the lowest pH,highest bath temperatures and heat-treated SiC *** addition,the developed model shows that the optimal parameters to get a maximum value of mass gain are pH,bath temperature and ceramic particle state of 8,70 ℃ and heat treatment,respectively.

关键词： Electroless deposition Cobalt SiC particles Mathematical model Response surface method

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