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Insights on liver-directed surgical innovations, targeted therapies, and immunotherapy for biliary tract cancer: navigating the new European Society for medical Oncology (ESmO) Clinical Practice Guidelines

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2024年第3期13卷 516-519页

作者： ajay V.maker Division of Surgical Oncology Department of SurgeryUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCAUSA

Cancers of the bile duct,including gallbladder cancer,extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma,hilar and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma,present a significant treatment *** by their notorious difficulty to diagnose or biopsy,intricate anatomical locations and diverse clinical presentations,these malignancies collectively contribute to a significant burden on global *** epidemiology of bile duct cancers reveals worldwide variations in incidence,prevalence,and mortality rates,emphasizing the need for a nuanced understanding of each subtype and the local environmental *** in early diagnosis further compound the complexity of managing these cancers,often leading to advanced stage at the time of detection and treatment *** remains the cornerstone of curative-intent treatment of bile duct cancers,yet the rate of recurrence and metastases underscores the importance of comprehensive multidisciplinary therapeutic *** randomized clinical trials have been performed;however,they have been challenged by the lack of active agents,a limited number of accrued patients,and a grouping of all patients together regardless of where in the biliary tract the tumor *** has resulted in variations in treatment strategies and multiple treatment options that range from immunotherapy to radiation to hepatic artery infusion therapy(more on this later).A greater understanding of the mutational landscape of biliary tract cancers has resulted in optimism around appropriately targeted agents and combination ***,many of these regimens await robust outcomes data,and it is questionable if they significantly move the needle forward to improve overall *** now,more than ever,there is a need for updated treatment guidelines.

关键词： Gallbladder cancer cholangiocarcinoma guidelines bile duct cancer hepatic artery infusion pump

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Pre‑hatch thermal manipulation of embryos and post‑hatch baicalein supplementation mitigated heat stress in broiler chickens

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1071-1085页

作者： Sadid Al Amaz ajay Chaudhary Prem Lal mahato Rajesh Jha Birendra mishra Department of Human Nutrition Food and Animal SciencesCollege of Tropical Agriculture and Human ResourcesUniversity of Hawai’i at ManoaAgSci 2161955 East‑West RdHonoluluHI 96822USA

Background High environmental temperatures induce heat stress in broiler chickens,affecting their health and pro-duction *** dietary,managerial,and genetics strategies have been tested with some success in mitigating heat stress(HS)in *** novel HS mitigation strategies for sustaining broiler production is critically *** study investigated the effects of pre-hatch thermal manipulation(Tm)and post-hatch baica-lein supplementation on growth performance and health parameters in heat-stressed *** Six hundred fertile Cobb 500 eggs were incubated for 21 *** candling on embryonic day(ED)10,238 eggs were thermally manipulated at 38.5℃ with 55%relative humidity(RH)from ED 12 to 18,then transferred to the hatcher(ED 19 to 21,standard temperature)and 236 eggs were incubated at a controlled temperature(37.5℃)till *** hatch,180-day-old chicks from both groups were raised in 36 pens(n=10 birds/pen,6 replicates per treatment).The treatments were:1)Control,2)Tm,3)control heat stress(CHS),4)thermal manipulation heat stress(TmHS),5)control heat stress supplement(CHSS),and 6)thermal manipulation heat stress supplement(TmHSS).All birds were raised under the standard environment for 21 d,followed by chronic heat stress from d 22 to 35(32–33℃ for 8 h)in the CHS,TmHS,CHSS,and TmHSS groups.A thermoneutral(22–24℃)environment was maintained in the Control and Tm *** was constant(50%±5%)throughout the *** the data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA in R and GraphPad software at Pmean±*** stress significantly decreased(PmHS groups compared to the other *** Tm significantly increased(PmHS birds showed a significant increment(Pmpared to the CHS bird

关键词： Baicalein Growth performance Gut microbiota Heat stress Thermal manipulation

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Impact of vitamin D on COVID-19 and other viral diseases

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World Journal of Virology 2024年第4期13卷 1-6页

作者： Basavraj S Nagoba ajay m Gavkare Abhijit S Rayate Neeta Nanaware Sachin Bhavthankar Department of microbiology Maharashtra Institute of Medical Sciences and ResearchLatur 413531India Department of Physiology Maharashtra Institute of Medical Sciences and ResearchLatur 413531India Department of Surgery Maharashtra Institute of Medical Sciences and ResearchLatur 413531India Department of Physiology Vilasrao Deshmukh Government Medical CollegeLatur 413512MaharashtraIndia Department of Biochemistry MIMSR Medical CollegeLatur 413512India

This editorial aims to elucidate the intricate relationship between vitamin D and viral *** explores the anticipated role of vitamin D as a modulator in the immune response against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)and other viral *** editorial comments are based on the review article by Engin et *** potential role of vitamin D in modulating immune responses has been highlighted by several studies,suggesting that it may influence both the risk and severity of *** D receptors are present in immunocompetent cells,which indicates that vitamin D can potentially modulate innate and adaptive immune *** context is relevant in the pathophysiology of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),where the immune response to the virus can significantly impact the disease progression and *** immunomodulatory effects of vitamin D can protect against SARSCoV-2 infection by enhancing innate and adaptive immune *** also maintains the integrity of the body's physical barriers and modulates inflammatory responses,thereby preventing entry and replication of the *** studies have suggested that adequate vitamin D levels help alleviate morbidity and mortality associated with ***,vitamin D supplementation has been linked with a lower risk of severe disease and mortality in COVID-19 patients,particularly in those with a deficiency during seasons with less sunlight exposure.

关键词： COVID-19 Immunomodulation Pandemic Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Vitamin D

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Recharge and vulnerability assessment of groundwater resources in North west India:Insights from isotope-geospatial modelling approach

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第1期15卷 247-262页

作者： Annadasankar Roy Sitangshu Chatterjee Uday Kumar Sinha Anil Kumar Jain Hemant mohokar ajay Jaryal Tirumalesh Keesari Harish Jagat Pant Isotope and Radiation Application Division Bhabha Atomic Research CentreTrombayMumbai–400085India Homi Bhabha National Institute Mumbai 400094India Central Ground Water Board AhmedabadGujaratIndia

Recent studies indicate dwindling groundwater quantity and quality of the largest regional aquifer system in North West India,raising concern over freshwater availability to about 182 million population residing in this *** agricultural activities have resulted severe groundwater pollution in this area,demanding a systematic vulnerability assessment for proactive *** vulnerability assessment models encounter drawbacks due to subjectivity,complexity,data-prerequisites,and spatial-temporal *** study incorporates isotopic information into a weighted-overlay framework to overcome the above-mentioned limitations and proposes a novel vulnerability assessment *** isotope methodology provides crucial insights on groundwater recharge mechanisms(18O and 2H)and dynamics(3H)-often ignored in vulnerability *** characterisation of precipitation helped in establishing Local meteoric Water Line(LmWL)as well as inferring contrasting recharge mechanisms operating in different *** aquifer(depthm)showed significant evaporative signature with evaporation loss accounting up to 18.04%based on Rayleigh distillation ***-aquifer connections were apparent from Kernel Density Estimate(KDE)and isotope correlations.A weighted overlay isotope-geospatial model was developed combining 18O,3H,aquifer permeability,and water level *** central and northern parts of study area fall under least(0.29%)and extremely(1.79%)vulnerable zones respectively,while majority of the study area fall under moderate(42.71%)and highly vulnerable zones(55.20%).model validation was performed using groundwater NO3-concentration,which showed an overall accuracy up to 82%.monte Carlo Simulation(mCS)was performed for sensitivity analysis and permeability was found to be the most sensitive input parameter,followed by 3H,18O,and water *** the vulnerability map with Land Use Land Cover(LULC)and population density maps

关键词： Agricultural pollution Data scarcity Recharge mechanism Rayleigh distillation Isotope-geospatial model Vulnerability assessment

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Global wild rice germplasm resources conservation alliance:World Wild-Rice Wiring

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molecular Plant 2024年第4期17卷 516-518页

作者： Xiaoming Zheng Disna Ratnasekera Jiayu Fan Robert J.Henry Beng-Kah Song Kenneth m.Olsen Bal Krishna Joshi maria Celeste N.Banaticla-Hilario Tonapha Pusadee Adane Getachew melaku Yeyinou Laura Estelle Loko Koukham Vilayheuang Gavers K.Oppong Samuel Aduse Poku Peterson W.Wambugu Song Ge Aldo merotto Junior Ohn mar Aung Ramaiah Venuprasad ajay Kohli Wenbin Zhou Qian Qian National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Sanya National Research Institute of Breeding in Hainan Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China International Rice Research Institute DAPO Box 7777Metro Manila 4031Philippines Department of Agricultural Biology Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of RuhunaMatara 81000Sri Lanka Yazhouwan National Laboratory No.8 Huanjin RoadYazhou DistrictSanya CityHainan Province 572024China Hainan University Haikou 570228China ARC Centre of Excellence for Plant Success in Nature and Agriculture University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia School of Science Monash University Malaysia47500 Bandar SunwaySelangor 47500Malaysia Department of Biology Washington University in St.LouisSt.LouisMO 63130-4899USA National Agriculture Genetic Resources Center(Genebank) KhumaltarPO Box 3055KathmanduNepal Plant Biology Division Insttute of Biological SciencesUniversity of the Pilippines Los BanosLos BanosLaguna 4031Philippines Division of Agronomy Department of Plant and Soil SciencesFaculty of AgricultureChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Bio and Emerging Technology Institute Addis Ababa 1165Ethiopia National University of Sciences TechnologiesEngineering and Mathematics(UNSTIM)Dassa-ZouméBP 14Benin National Genebank Rice and Cash Crops Research CenterNAFRIVientiane 0605Lao PDR Plant Sciences and the Bioeconomy Rothamsted ResearchHarpenden AL52JQUK UK Future Food Beacon of Excellence and School of Biosciences and University of Nottingham Nottingham LE125RDUK Department of Plant and Environmental Biology University of GhanaAccraGhana Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization Genetic Resources Research InstituteNairobi 00200Kenya Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul UFRGSPorto Alegre 91501-970RSBrazil Department of Agricultur

Wild relatives of crop are key genetic resources serving as diversity reservoirs for crop improvement under changing ***(Oryza sativa)is one of the most important crops in the world,providing staple food for half of the world's *** rice is thus a critical germplasm resource for sustained global food security,ensuring high production yields,improved quality,and stress resistance in the face of climate *** rice is closely related to domesticated rice and has a rich genetic diversity and exceptional adaptability to extreme *** has played a pivotal role in the history of rice hybridization and has become a key resource for rice breeding *** identification of wild-type cytoplasmic male sterility resources paved the way for the achievement of the“three lines”goal in hybrid rice,leading to a significant increase in rice *** addition,the use of resistance alleles found in wild rice is making rice production more resilient to losses caused by environmental ***,wild rice germplasm resources are threatened due to habitat destruction and other anthropogenic *** the same time,the lack of centralized distribution of wild rice has hampered the sharing of basic information on wild rice resources and the utilization and conservation of wild rice in each country,as well as collaboration among scientists.

关键词： germplasm breeding crops

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Nanoindentation and Wear Characteristics of Al 5083/SiC_p Nanocomposites Synthesized by High Energy Ball milling and Spark Plasma Sintering

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Journal of materials Science & Technology 2012年第11期28卷 969-975页

作者： Sivaiah Bathula Saravanan m ajay Dhar metals and Alloys Group Materials Physics and Engineering Division CSIR-National Physical Laboratory

AI 5083//10 wt% SiCp nano composites have been synthesized by means of high energy ball milling followed by spark plasma sintering （SPS）. Nano composites produced via this method exhibited near-theoretical density while retaining the nano-grained features. X-ray diffraction （XRD） analysis indicated that the crystalline size of the ball milled AI 5083 matrix was observed to be～25 nm and it was coarsened up to～30 nm after SPS. Nano indentation results of nano composites demonstrated a high hardness of～280 HV with an elastic modulus of 126 GPa. Wear and friction characteristics with addition of SiCp reinforcement exhibited significant improvement in terms of coefficient of friction and specific wear rate to that of nano structured AI 5083 alloy. The reduction in specific wear rate in the nanocomposite was mainly due to the change of wear mechanism from adhesive to abrasive wear with the addition of SiCp which resulted in high hardness associated with nano-grained microstructure.

关键词： metal matrix nano composites Friction/wear mechanical properties Highresolution transmission electron microscopy Spark plasma sintering Nanoindentation

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GA and PSO culled hybrid technique for economic dispatch problem with prohibited operating zones

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2007年第6期8卷 896-903页

作者： SUDHAKARAN m. ajay-D-VImALRAJ P. PALANIVELU T.G. ECE Department of Pondicherry University College Pondicherry University Pondicherry 605014 India

This paper presents an efficient and reliable genetic algorithm (GA) based particle swarm optimization (PSO) tech- nique (hybrid GAPSO) for solving the economic dispatch (ED) problem in power systems. The non-linear characteristics of the generators, such as prohibited operating zones, ramp rate limits and non-smooth cost functions of the practical generator operation are considered. The proposed hybrid algorithm is demonstrated for three different systems and the performance is compared with the GA and PSO in terms of solution quality and computation efficiency. Comparison of results proved that the proposed algo- rithm can obtain higher quality solutions efficiently in ED problems. A comprehensive software package is developed using mATLAB.

关键词： Economic dispatch (ED) Genetic algorithm (GA) Particle swarm optimization (PSO) Hybrid GAPSO Prohibited operating zone Crossover mutation Velocity

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Spectroscopic investigation of light strange S=−1Λ and Σ and S=−2Ξbaryons

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Chinese Physics C 2021年第6期45卷 91-108页

作者： Chandni menapara ajay Kumar Rai Department of Physics Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of TechnologySurat-395007GujaratIndia

The present study is dedicated to light-strange∧with strangeness S=−1 and isospin I=0,with S=−1 and I=1,andΞbaryon with S=−2 andI=1/*** this study,the hypercentral constituent quark model with linear confining potential has been employed along with a first order correction term to obtain the resonance masses up to approximately 4 *** calculated states include 1S-5S,1P-4P,1D-3D,1F-2F,and 1G(in a few cases)along with all possible spin-parity *** trajectories have been explored for the linearity of the calculated masses for(n,m^(2))and(J,m^(2)).magnetic moments have been intensively studied for ground state spin 1/2 and,3/2 in addition to the configuration mixing of the first negative parity state ***,the transition magnetic moments and radiative decay widths have been presented.

关键词： mass spectra strange baryon Regge trajectory magnetic moment

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Intrusion detection and prevention system for an IoT environment

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Digital Communications and Networks 2022年第4期8卷 540-551页

作者： ajay Kumar K.Abhishek m.R.Ghalib A.Shankar X.Cheng Department of Computer Science and Engineering NIT PatnaBiharIndia Faculty of Science Engineering Computing(SEC)De Montfort UniversityDubaiUnited Arab Emirates Department of CSE Amity School of Engineering and TechnologyAmity UniversityUttar PradeshIndia Department of Computer Science Middlesex UniversityLondonUK

Internet of Things(IoT)security is the act of securing IoT devices and *** devices,including industrial machines,smart energy grids,and building automation,are extremely *** the goal of shielding network systems from illegal access in cloud servers and IoT systems,Intrusion Detection Systems(IDSs)and Network-based Intrusion Prevention Systems(NBIPSs)are proposed in this *** intrusion prevention system is proposed to realize NBIPS to safeguard top to bottom *** proposed NBIPS inspects network activity streams to identify and counteract misuse *** NBIPS is usually located specifically behind a firewall,and it provides a reciprocal layer of investigation that adversely chooses unsafe *** IPS sensors can be installed either in an inline or a passive *** inline sensor is installed to monitor the traffic passing through *** sensors are installed to stop attacks by blocking the traffic using an IoT signature-based protocol.

关键词： IDS and IPS Cloud Firewall Denial of service Smart environment Internet of things NBIPS

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Spectroscopy and decay properties of charmonium

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Chinese Physics C 2018年第8期42卷 19-33页

作者： Virendrasinh Kher ajay Kumar Rai Applied Physics Department PolytechnicThe M.S.University of Baroda Department of Applied Physics Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology

The mass spectra of charmonium are investigated using a Coulomb plus linear（Cornell）*** wave functions in position space as well as in momentum space are employed to calculate the expectation values of potential and kinetic energy *** experimental states（X（4660）（5^3S1）,X（3872）（2^3P1）,X（3900）（2^1P1）,X（3915）（2^3P0）and X（4274）（3^3P1）etc.）are assigned as charmonium *** also study the Regge trajectories,pseudoscalar and vector decay constants,electric and magnetic dipole transition rates,and annihilation decay widths for charmonium states.

关键词： potential model mass spectrum decay constant Regge trajectories

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