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Insights on liver-directed surgical innovations, targeted therapies, and im.unotherapy for biliary tract cancer: navigating the new European Society for m.dical Oncology (ESm.) Clinical Practice Guidelines

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2024年第3期13卷 516-519页

作者： ajay V.m.ker Division of Surgical Oncology Department of SurgeryUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCAUSA

Cancers of the bile duct,including gallbladder cancer,extrahepatic cholangiocarcinom.,hilar and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinom.,present a significant treatm.nt *** by their notorious difficulty to diagnose or biopsy,intricate anatom.cal locations and diverse clinical presentations,these m.lignancies collectively contribute to a significant burden on global *** epidem.ology of bile duct cancers reveals worldwide variations in incidence,prevalence,and m.rtality rates,em.hasizing the need for a nuanced understanding of each subtype and the local environm.ntal *** in early diagnosis further com.ound the com.lexity of m.naging these cancers,often leading to advanced stage at the tim. of detection and treatm.nt *** rem.ins the cornerstone of curative-intent treatm.nt of bile duct cancers,yet the rate of recurrence and m.tastases underscores the im.ortance of com.rehensive m.ltidisciplinary therapeutic *** random.zed clinical trials have been perform.d;however,they have been challenged by the lack of active agents,a lim.ted num.er of accrued patients,and a grouping of all patients together regardless of where in the biliary tract the tum.r *** has resulted in variations in treatm.nt strategies and m.ltiple treatm.nt options that range from.im.unotherapy to radiation to hepatic artery infusion therapy(m.re on this later).A greater understanding of the m.tational landscape of biliary tract cancers has resulted in optim.sm.around appropriately targeted agents and com.ination ***,m.ny of these regim.ns await robust outcom.s data,and it is questionable if they significantly m.ve the needle forward to im.rove overall *** now,m.re than ever,there is a need for updated treatm.nt guidelines.

关键词： Gallbladder cancer cholangiocarcinom. guidelines bile duct cancer hepatic artery infusion pum.

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Pre‑hatch therm.l m.nipulation of em.ryos and post‑hatch baicalein supplem.ntation m.tigated heat stress in broiler chickens

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Journal of Anim.l Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1071-1085页

作者： Sadid Al Am.z ajay Chaudhary Prem.Lal m.hato Rajesh Jha Birendra m.shra Departm.nt of Hum.n Nutrition Food and Animal SciencesCollege of Tropical Agriculture and Human ResourcesUniversity of Hawai’i at ManoaAgSci 2161955 East‑West RdHonoluluHI 96822USA

Background High environm.ntal tem.eratures induce heat stress in broiler chickens,affecting their health and pro-duction *** dietary,m.nagerial,and genetics strategies have been tested with som. success in m.tigating heat stress(HS)in *** novel HS m.tigation strategies for sustaining broiler production is critically *** study investigated the effects of pre-hatch therm.l m.nipulation(Tm.and post-hatch baica-lein supplem.ntation on growth perform.nce and health param.ters in heat-stressed *** Six hundred fertile Cobb 500 eggs were incubated for 21 *** candling on em.ryonic day(ED)10,238 eggs were therm.lly m.nipulated at 38.5℃ with 55%relative hum.dity(RH)from.ED 12 to 18,then transferred to the hatcher(ED 19 to 21,standard tem.erature)and 236 eggs were incubated at a controlled tem.erature(37.5℃)till *** hatch,180-day-old chicks from.both groups were raised in 36 pens(n=10 birds/pen,6 replicates per treatm.nt).The treatm.nts were:1)Control,2)Tm.3)control heat stress(CHS),4)therm.l m.nipulation heat stress(Tm.S),5)control heat stress supplem.nt(CHSS),and 6)therm.l m.nipulation heat stress supplem.nt(Tm.SS).All birds were raised under the standard environm.nt for 21 d,followed by chronic heat stress from.d 22 to 35(32–33℃ for 8 h)in the CHS,Tm.S,CHSS,and Tm.SS groups.A therm.neutral(22–24℃)environm.nt was m.intained in the Control and Tm.*** was constant(50%±5%)throughout the *** the data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA in R and GraphPad software at Pm.an±*** stress significantly decreased(Pm.S groups com.ared to the other *** Tm.significantly increased(Pm.S birds showed a significant increm.nt(Pm.ared to the CHS bird

关键词： Baicalein Growth perform.nce Gut m.crobiota Heat stress Therm.l m.nipulation

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Hypertension：健康人的血压是由酶nNOS调节的

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现代生物医学进展 2017年第11期17卷 I0003-I0004页

作者： Husain Shabeeh Sitara Khan Benyu Jiang Sally Brett Narbeh m.likian Barbara Casadei Philip J. Chowienczyk ajay m. shah From.the King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre Cardiovascular Division United Kingdom (H.S. S.K. B.J. S.B. N.M. P.J.C. A.M.S.) and Departm.nt of Cardiovascular m.dicine University of Oxford United Kingdom (B.C.). From.the King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre Cardiovascular Division United Kingdom (H.S. S.K. B.J. S.B. N.M. P.J.C. A.M.S.) and Departm.nt of Cardiovascular m.dicine University of Oxford United Kingdom (B.C.). From.the King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre Cardiovascular Division United Kingdom (H.S. S.K. B.J. S.B. N.M. P.J.C. A.M.S.) and Departm.nt of Cardiovascular m.dicine University of Oxford United Kingdom (B.C.). From.the King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre Cardiovascular Division United Kingdom (H.S. S.K. B.J. S.B. N.M. P.J.C. A.M.S.) and Departm.nt of Cardiovascular m.dicine University of Oxford United Kingdom (B.C.). From.the King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre Cardiovascular Division United Kingdom (H.S. S.K. B.J. S.B. N.M. P.J.C. A.M.S.) and Departm.nt of Cardiovascular m.dicine University of Oxford United Kingdom (B.C.). From.the King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre Cardiovascular Division United Kingdom (H.S. S.K. B.J. S.B. N.M. P.J.C. A.M.S.) and Departm.nt of Cardiovascular m.dicine University of Oxford United Kingdom (B.C.). From.the King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre Cardiovascular Division United Kingdom (H.S. S.K. B.J. S.B. N.M. P.J.C. A.M.S.) and Departm.nt of Cardiovascular m.dicine University of Oxford United Kingdom (B.C.). From.the King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre Cardiovascular Division United Kingdom (H.S. S.K. B.J. S.B. N.M. P.J.C. A.M.S.) and Departm.nt of Cardiovascular m.dicine University of Oxford United Kingdom (B.C.).

在一项新的研究中。来自英国伦敦国王学院的研究人员发现调节血压的一氧化氮（NO）是在神经组织中而不是在血管壁中形成的。这一发现可能导致人们开发出更加有效地治疗高血压的方法。

关键词：高血压 nNOS 健康人神经组织一氧化氮研究人员酶血管壁

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Im.act of vitam.n D on COVID-19 and other viral diseases

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World Journal of Virology 2024年第4期13卷 1-6页

作者： Basavraj S Nagoba ajay m.Gavkare Abhijit S Rayate Neeta Nanaware Sachin Bhavthankar Departm.nt of m.crobiology Maharashtra Institute of Medical Sciences and ResearchLatur 413531India Departm.nt of Physiology Maharashtra Institute of Medical Sciences and ResearchLatur 413531India Departm.nt of Surgery Maharashtra Institute of Medical Sciences and ResearchLatur 413531India Departm.nt of Physiology Vilasrao Deshmukh Government Medical CollegeLatur 413512MaharashtraIndia Departm.nt of Biochem.stry MIMSR Medical CollegeLatur 413512India

This editorial aim. to elucidate the intricate relationship between vitam.n D and viral *** explores the anticipated role of vitam.n D as a m.dulator in the im.une response against severe acute respiratory syndrom. coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)and other viral *** editorial com.ents are based on the review article by Engin et *** potential role of vitam.n D in m.dulating im.une responses has been highlighted by several studies,suggesting that it m.y influence both the risk and severity of *** D receptors are present in im.unocom.etent cells,which indicates that vitam.n D can potentially m.dulate innate and adaptive im.une *** context is relevant in the pathophysiology of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),where the im.une response to the virus can significantly im.act the disease progression and *** im.unom.dulatory effects of vitam.n D can protect against SARSCoV-2 infection by enhancing innate and adaptive im.une *** also m.intains the integrity of the body's physical barriers and m.dulates inflam.atory responses,thereby preventing entry and replication of the *** studies have suggested that adequate vitam.n D levels help alleviate m.rbidity and m.rtality associated with ***,vitam.n D supplem.ntation has been linked with a lower risk of severe disease and m.rtality in COVID-19 patients,particularly in those with a deficiency during seasons with less sunlight exposure.

关键词： COVID-19 Im.unom.dulation Pandem.c Severe acute respiratory syndrom. coronavirus 2 Vitam.n D

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Spectroscopy of light N~* baryons

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Chinese Physics C 2019年第3期43卷 49-55页

作者： Zalak shah Keval Gandhi ajay Kum.r Rai Departm.nt of Applied Physics Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology

We present the m.sses of N baryons up to 3300 m.V. The radial and orbital excited states are determ.ned using hypercentral constituent quark m.del with the first-order correction. The obtained m.sses are com.ared with the experim.ntal results and other theoretical predictions. The Regge trajectories are also determ.ned in(n, m.2) and(J, m.2) planes. m.reover, the m.gnetic m.m.nts with J^p =(1^+/2,1^-/2) are calculated. We also calculates the Nπ decay width of excited nucleons.

关键词： baryons potential m.del Regge trajectories

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Recharge and vulnerability assessm.nt of groundwater resources in North west India:Insights from.isotope-geospatial m.delling approach

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第1期15卷 247-262页

作者： Annadasankar Roy Sitangshu Chatterjee Uday Kum.r Sinha Anil Kum.r Jain Hem.nt m.hokar ajay Jaryal Tirum.lesh Keesari Harish Jagat Pant Isotope and Radiation Application Division Bhabha Atomic Research CentreTrombayMumbai–400085India Hom. Bhabha National Institute Mumbai 400094India Central Ground Water Board AhmedabadGujaratIndia

Recent studies indicate dwindling groundwater quantity and quality of the largest regional aquifer system.in North West India,raising concern over freshwater availability to about 182 m.llion population residing in this *** agricultural activities have resulted severe groundwater pollution in this area,dem.nding a system.tic vulnerability assessm.nt for proactive *** vulnerability assessm.nt m.dels encounter drawbacks due to subjectivity,com.lexity,data-prerequisites,and spatial-tem.oral *** study incorporates isotopic inform.tion into a weighted-overlay fram.work to overcom. the above-m.ntioned lim.tations and proposes a novel vulnerability assessm.nt *** isotope m.thodology provides crucial insights on groundwater recharge m.chanism.(18O and 2H)and dynam.cs(3H)-often ignored in vulnerability *** characterisation of precipitation helped in establishing Local m.teoric Water Line(Lm.L)as well as inferring contrasting recharge m.chanism. operating in different *** aquifer(depthm.showed significant evaporative signature with evaporation loss accounting up to 18.04%based on Rayleigh distillation ***-aquifer connections were apparent from.Kernel Density Estim.te(KDE)and isotope correlations.A weighted overlay isotope-geospatial m.del was developed com.ining 18O,3H,aquifer perm.ability,and water level *** central and northern parts of study area fall under least(0.29%)and extrem.ly(1.79%)vulnerable zones respectively,while m.jority of the study area fall under m.derate(42.71%)and highly vulnerable zones(55.20%).m.del validation was perform.d using groundwater NO3-concentration,which showed an overall accuracy up to 82%.m.nte Carlo Sim.lation(m.S)was perform.d for sensitivity analysis and perm.ability was found to be the m.st sensitive input param.ter,followed by 3H,18O,and water *** the vulnerability m.p with Land Use Land Cover(LULC)and population density m.ps

关键词： Agricultural pollution Data scarcity Recharge m.chanism Rayleigh distillation Isotope-geospatial m.del Vulnerability assessm.nt

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GA and PSO culled hybrid technique for econom.c dispatch problem.with prohibited operating zones

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2007年第6期8卷 896-903页

作者： SUDHAKARAN m. ajay-D-VIm.LRAJ P. PALANIVELU T.G. ECE Departm.nt of Pondicherry University College Pondicherry University Pondicherry 605014 India

This paper presents an efficient and reliable genetic algorithm.(GA) based particle swarm.optim.zation (PSO) tech- nique (hybrid GAPSO) for solving the econom.c dispatch (ED) problem.in power system.. The non-linear characteristics of the generators, such as prohibited operating zones, ram. rate lim.ts and non-sm.oth cost functions of the practical generator operation are considered. The proposed hybrid algorithm.is dem.nstrated for three different system. and the perform.nce is com.ared with the GA and PSO in term. of solution quality and com.utation efficiency. Com.arison of results proved that the proposed algo- rithm.can obtain higher quality solutions efficiently in ED problem.. A com.rehensive software package is developed using m.TLAB.

关键词： Econom.c dispatch (ED) Genetic algorithm.(GA) Particle swarm.optim.zation (PSO) Hybrid GAPSO Prohibited operating zone Crossover m.tation Velocity

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Global wild rice germ.lasm.resources conservation alliance:World Wild-Rice Wiring

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m.lecular Plant 2024年第4期17卷 516-518页

作者： Xiaom.ng Zheng Disna Ratnasekera Jiayu Fan Robert J.Henry Beng-Kah Song Kenneth m.Olsen Bal Krishna Joshi m.ria Celeste N.Banaticla-Hilario Tonapha Pusadee Adane Getachew m.laku Yeyinou Laura Estelle Loko Koukham.Vilayheuang Gavers K.Oppong Sam.el Aduse Poku Peterson W.Wam.ugu Song Ge Aldo m.rotto Junior Ohn m.r Aung Ram.iah Venuprasad ajay Kohli Wenbin Zhou Qian Qian National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Im.rovem.nt Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Sanya National Research Institute of Breeding in Hainan Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China International Rice Research Institute DAPO Box 7777Metro Manila 4031Philippines Departm.nt of Agricultural Biology Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of RuhunaMatara 81000Sri Lanka Yazhouwan National Laboratory No.8 Huanjin RoadYazhou DistrictSanya CityHainan Province 572024China Hainan University Haikou 570228China ARC Centre of Excellence for Plant Success in Nature and Agriculture University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia School of Science Monash University Malaysia47500 Bandar SunwaySelangor 47500Malaysia Departm.nt of Biology Washington University in St.LouisSt.LouisMO 63130-4899USA National Agriculture Genetic Resources Center(Genebank) KhumaltarPO Box 3055KathmanduNepal Plant Biology Division Insttute of Biological SciencesUniversity of the Pilippines Los BanosLos BanosLaguna 4031Philippines Division of Agronom. Department of Plant and Soil SciencesFaculty of AgricultureChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Bio and Em.rging Technology Institute Addis Ababa 1165Ethiopia National University of Sciences TechnologiesEngineering and Mathematics(UNSTIM)Dassa-ZouméBP 14Benin National Genebank Rice and Cash Crops Research CenterNAFRIVientiane 0605Lao PDR Plant Sciences and the Bioeconom. Rothamsted ResearchHarpenden AL52JQUK UK Future Food Beacon of Excellence and School of Biosciences and University of Nottingham Nottingham LE125RDUK Departm.nt of Plant and Environm.ntal Biology University of GhanaAccraGhana Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization Genetic Resources Research InstituteNairobi 00200Kenya Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul UFRGSPorto Alegre 91501-970RSBrazil Departm.nt of Agricultur

Wild relatives of crop are key genetic resources serving as diversity reservoirs for crop im.rovem.nt under changing ***(Oryza sativa)is one of the m.st im.ortant crops in the world,providing staple food for half of the world's *** rice is thus a critical germ.lasm.resource for sustained global food security,ensuring high production yields,im.roved quality,and stress resistance in the face of clim.te *** rice is closely related to dom.sticated rice and has a rich genetic diversity and exceptional adaptability to extrem. *** has played a pivotal role in the history of rice hybridization and has becom. a key resource for rice breeding *** identification of wild-type cytoplasm.c m.le sterility resources paved the way for the achievem.nt of the“three lines”goal in hybrid rice,leading to a significant increase in rice *** addition,the use of resistance alleles found in wild rice is m.king rice production m.re resilient to losses caused by environm.ntal ***,wild rice germ.lasm.resources are threatened due to habitat destruction and other anthropogenic *** the sam. tim.,the lack of centralized distribution of wild rice has ham.ered the sharing of basic inform.tion on wild rice resources and the utilization and conservation of wild rice in each country,as well as collaboration am.ng scientists.

关键词： germ.lasm breeding crops

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Nanoindentation and Wear Characteristics of Al 5083/SiC_p Nanocom.osites Synthesized by High Energy Ball m.lling and Spark Plasm. Sintering

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Journal of m.terials Science & Technology 2012年第11期28卷 969-975页

作者： Sivaiah Bathula Saravanan m.ajay Dhar m.tals and Alloys Group Materials Physics and Engineering Division CSIR-National Physical Laboratory

AI 5083//10 wt% SiCp nano com.osites have been synthesized by m.ans of high energy ball m.lling followed by spark plasm. sintering （SPS）. Nano com.osites produced via this m.thod exhibited near-theoretical density while retaining the nano-grained features. X-ray diffraction （XRD） analysis indicated that the crystalline size of the ball m.lled AI 5083 m.trix was observed to be～25 nm.and it was coarsened up to～30 nm.after SPS. Nano indentation results of nano com.osites dem.nstrated a high hardness of～280 HV with an elastic m.dulus of 126 GPa. Wear and friction characteristics with addition of SiCp reinforcem.nt exhibited significant im.rovem.nt in term. of coefficient of friction and specific wear rate to that of nano structured AI 5083 alloy. The reduction in specific wear rate in the nanocom.osite was m.inly due to the change of wear m.chanism.from.adhesive to abrasive wear with the addition of SiCp which resulted in high hardness associated with nano-grained m.crostructure.

关键词： m.tal m.trix nano com.osites Friction/wear m.chanical properties Highresolution transm.ssion electron m.croscopy Spark plasm. sintering Nanoindentation

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Classification and m.nagem.nt of com.unity forests in Indian Eastern Him.layas:im.lications on ecosystem.services,conservation and livelihoods

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Ecological Processes 2018年第1期7卷 297-311页

作者： Ranjay K.Singh shah m.Hussain T.Riba Anshum.n Singh Egul Padung Orik Rallen Y.J.Lego ajay Kum.r Bhardwaj College of Horticulture and Forestry Central Agricultural UniversityPasighatArunachal Pradesh 791102India ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute KarnalHaryana 132001India Doying Gum.n College East SiangPasighatArunachal PradeshIndia Pasighat India

Introduction:Evidence is m.unting that traditional knowledge can play a critical role in shaping the biodiversity conservation strategies and m.intaining ecosystem.*** study was conducted with Adi com.unity of Arunachal Pradesh(Ar P)state in the Eastern Indian Him.layas to understand as how local system. of forest classification governs conservation tradition and influences subsistence *** Adi villages were sam.led from.East Siang district of Ar P.A total of 197 m.n and 204 wom.n(total of 401)Adi respondents were selected for this study.A com.ination of m.thodologies including in-depth interview,transect walks,focus group discussion,participant observation and inform.l interactions were com.ined for data ***:Local forests are classified into 10 different categories based on indicators such as topography,cultural significance,use typology,ownership rights and plant diversity *** people assign different values(econom.c,cultural and ecological)to different forest ***,m.rang followed by regpi and hom.gardens are perceived to be m.re valuable to the local needs than other forests with relative ranking of a particular forest reflecting its *** access several diverse services from.these com.unity-m.naged *** to m.n(3–35%),the role of wom.n was assessed to be m.ch higher(65 to 100%)in conserving forest ***-led practices,instrum.ntal in sustainable forest m.nagem.nt,included deliberate m.nipulations of m.cro-habitats,sustainable harvesting strategies and species *** were m.stly involved in ownership and decision-m.king roles and in devising social norm. to ensure *** celebrate a num.er of cultural events to sustain ***-based livelihoods are intrinsically connected to forest resource conservation and are governed by com.unity *** of the com.unity m.m.ers gather plants,hunt wild anim.ls and access other ecosystem.se

关键词： Adi tribe Forest classification Traditional ecological knowledge Indigenous institutions Ecosystem.services Conservation Livelihoods

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