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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2018年第4期26卷 886-891页

作者： Sajjad Haydar Mehwish Anis Gul E Hina Javed anwar Aziz Mudasar Arbi Institute of Environmental Engineering & Research (IEER) University of Engineering & Technology (UET) Lahore Pakistan University of Lahore Lahore Pakistan

A study was carried out to evaluate the treatment efficiency of modified model of septic tank（ST）for the treatment of domestic *** objective was to explore the possibility of increasing the removal efficiency,at household level,thereby reducing cost and treatment burden on city level treatment *** this purpose,a bench scale model of ST was prepared and operated continuously for 78 days at different detention times i.e.,48,24 and 12 h and at two reactor temperatures viz.15℃ and 25℃.Domestic wastewater was fed to the bench scale ST without *** was conducted under two different ***,by installing baffles in the bench scale ST（called Run-1 setup）,and secondly by installing perforated plates between the baffles（called Run-2 setup）.Results demonstrated that Run-2 setup is better than Run-1 *** significantly affects the *** time of 24 h was found ***-2 setup demonstrated a percentage BOD removal of 45%with effluent BOD of 113 mg·L^-1 at 15℃ and 85%removal with effluent BOD of 31 mg·L^-1 at 25℃.It is concluded that if a modified design of ST using Run-2 setup is provided at household level,the effluent coming out of the house will meet the National Environmental Quality Standards（NEQS）when reactor temperature is close to 25℃.Development authorities are suggested to change their by-laws and make modified ST mandatory for all *** may significantly reduce the cost and footprint of city level wastewater treatment plants being planned.

关键词： Wastewater treatment Septic tank Anaerobic baffled reactor

Proteomic Profiling and Protein-Protein Interaction Network Reveal the Molecular Mechanisms of Susceptibility to Drought Stress in Canola(Brassica napus L.)

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第7期91卷 1403-1417页

作者： Reza Shokri-Gharelo Ali Bandehagh Mohammad anwar Hossain Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology University of TabrizTabriz51368Iran Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh2202Bangladesh

Drought stress is one of the most important abiotic stresses that plants face frequently in *** drought conditions,many morphological,physiological,and molecular aspects of plants are changed and as a result plants experience a remarkable reduction in growth,yield,and *** expand our understanding of the molecular basis of the plant response to drought stress,the proteomic profile and protein-protein network of canola(Brassica napus L.)were *** focus was to show molecular mechanisms related to canola susceptibility to drought *** experiment used a completely randomized design,implemented in a hydroponic system under greenhouse *** impose drought stress,plants were exposed to Hoagland’s solution supplemented with polyethylene glycol(PEG)6000 for 7 *** drought stress resulted in 161reproducible protein spots in twodimensional electrophoresis of canola *** t-student test showed 21 differentially abundant proteins(DAP),of which 2 and 19 were up and down accumulated,*** spots identified as 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase and D-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase showed an increased abundance of 2.11 and 1.77,*** extended protein-protein interaction of differentially abundant proteins and KEGG analysis showed 47 pathways directly and indirectly associated with canola response to drought *** with increased abundance were associated with amino acid and signaling processes,whereas DAPs with decreased abundance were mostly connected with pathways responsible for energy *** results of the study will help to elucidate further the molecular events associated with the susceptibility to drought stress in canola.

关键词： Abiotic stress differentially abundant protein molecular function proteomics susceptibility

Structural and Magnetic Studies of Zn_(0.95)Co_(0.05)O and Zn_(0.90)Co_(0.05)Al_(0.05)O

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Chinese Physics Letters 2011年第11期28卷 178-181页

作者： Murtaza Saleem Saadat A.Siddiqi Shahid Atiq M.Sabieh anwar Centre of Excellence in Solid State Physics University of the PunjabQuaid-e-Azam CampusLahore-54590Pakistan Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials(IRCBM) COMSATS Institute of Information TechnologyDefence RoadOff Raiwind RoadLahorePakistan School of Science and Engineering(SSE) Lahore University of Management Sciences(LUMS)Opposite Sector UD.H.A.Lahore-54792Pakistan

Single-phase Zn_(0.95)Co_(0.05)O and Zn_(0.90)Co_(0.05)Al_(0.05)O samples were prepared by a novel combustion *** diffraction studies exhibit the pure phase wurtzite structure of doped *** dispersive x-ray analysis confirms the incorporation of dopants into the host *** electron microscopy shows the ordered morphology in both of the ***-dependent resistivity analysis describes the expected semiconducting behavior that is similar to the parent ZnO ***-temperature magnetic measurements reveal the absence of ferromagnetism in Co-doped ZnO,while the Co and Al co-doped sample displays apparent room-temperature ferromagnetic *** decrease of resistivity and presence of ferromagnetic behavior in Al-doped ZnCoO system corroborate the significant role of free carriers.

关键词： resistivity ferromagnetic behavior

DTM Simulation of Peristaltic Viscoelastic Biofluid Flow in Asymmetric Porous Media： A Digestive Transport Model

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2015年第4期12卷 643-655页

作者： Dharmendra Tripathi Osman anwar Beg Praveen Kumar Gupta Ganjam Radhakrishnamacharya Jagannath Mazumdar Department of Mechanical Engineering Manipal University Jaipur Jaipur 303007 India Gort Engovation-Bio-Propulsion Research Gabriel's Wing House Bradford BD6 1FA UK Department of Mathematics National Institute of Technology Silchar Silchar 788010 India Department of Mathematics National Institute of Technology Warangal 506004 India School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering The University of Adelaide Adelaide SA 5005 Australia

A biofluid dynamics mathematical model is developed to study peristaltic flow of non-Newtonian physiological liquid in a two-dimensional asymmetric channel containing porous media as a simulation of obstructed digestive （intestinal） transport. The fractional Oldroyd-B viscoelastic rheological model is utilized. The biophysical flow regime is constructed as a wave-like motion and porous medium is simulated with a modified Darcy-Brinkman model. This model is aimed at describing the diges- tive transport in intestinal tract containing deposits which induce impedance. A low Reynolds number approximation is em- ployed to eliminate inertial effects and the wavelength to diameter ratio is assumed to be large. The differential transform method （DTM）, a semi-computational technique is employed to obtain approximate analytical solutions to the boundary value problem. The influences of fractional （rheological material） parameters, relaxation time, retardation time, amplitude of the wave, and permeability parameter on peristaltic flow characteristics such as volumetric flow rate, pressure difference and wall friction force are computed. The present model is relevant to flow in diseased intestines.

关键词： peristaltic transport fractional Oldroyd-B model porous medium differential transform method asymmetricchannel obstructed digestive flow

Development of thermochromic strips as a water pasteurization indicator

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2003年第6期15卷 863-864页

作者： Ishtiaq A. Qazi M. Ali Awan M. anwar Baig Pakistan Council of Renewable Energy Technologies(PCRET) Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering(IESE) National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST)Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering(IESE) National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST) Islamabad PakistanRawalpindi PakistanRawalpindi Pakistan

Boiling of water, for purification, commonly practiced in the world, has many problems associated with it like danger of scalding, scaling in the vessels, removal of useful minerals and blandness of taste etc. Water can be made safe for drinking simply by heating at 65℃ for 6 minutes. A colour indicating strip was developed which changes colour from red to purple at 67℃. Use of this strip can help in pasteurizing water without the above problems and with considerable energy saving.

关键词： thermochromic strips pasteurization indicator Pakistan

Transient peristaltic diffusion of nanofluids: A model of micropumps in medical engineering

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2018年第6期30卷 1001-1011页

作者： Dharmendra Tripathi Shashi Bhushan O.anwar Bég Noreen Sher Akbar Department of Science and Humanities National Institute of TechnologyUttarakhand–246174 India Department of Mechanical Engineering Manipal University Department of Aeronautical and Mechanical Engineering University of Salford DBS & H CEME National University of Sciences and TechnologyIslamabad Pakistan

Peristaltic micro-pumps offer an excellent mechanism for delivery of a variety of medicines including drugs, corneal solutions etc. The surge in deployment of nanoparticles in medicine has provided new potential for such pumps. In light of this we investigate the time-dependent peristaltic flow of nanofluids with diffusive effects through a finite non-uniform channel, this geometry being more representative of real micro-pumps. Creeping flow is taken into account(inertial forces are small compared with viscous forces) i.e., Reynolds number is low(Re< 1) and wavelength is also taken to be very large. The Buongiorno formulation for nanofluids is employed with an Oberbeck-Boussinesq approximation. Closed-form solutions are developed for the non-dimensional governing equations subject to physically realistic boundary conditions. Mathematica symbolic software is employed to evaluate the evolution of nanoparticle fraction, temperature, axial velocity, transverse velocity and pressure difference distribution along the length of the pump channel with variation in thermal Grashof number, basic-density(species i.e., mass) Grashof number, Brownian motion parameter and thermophoresis parameter.

关键词： Unsteady flow peristaltic pumps nanofluids medical engineering diffusive process grashof number thermophoresis

A case of cerebral malaria and dengue concurrent infection

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2013年第5期3卷 416-417页

作者： anwar Alam Md Dm Department of Neurology Ruban Emergency Hospital

Cerebral malaria and dengue are the common infections which cause higher mortality and morbidities in every part of the world especially in *** infection of cerebral malaria and dengue is rare entity due to different habitat of vectors and it was reported rarely from Southeast *** this case report,the authors reported a case of concurrent cerebral malaria and dengue which was recovered after eight days of admission with increase in morbidity.

关键词： Cerebral malaria Dengue Concurrent infection

Estimation of soil carbon pools in the forests of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第6期31卷 2313-2321页

作者： anwar Ali Muhammad Irfan Ashraf Saeed Gulzar Muhammad Akmal Bilal Ahmad Pakistan Forest Institute Peshawar 25130Pakistan Department of Forestry and Range Management PMAS Arid Agriculture UniversityRawalpindi 46300Pakistan Institute of Soil Science PMAS Arid Agriculture UniversityRawalpindi 46300Pakistan Institute of Agriculture Sciences and Forestry University of SwatSwat 19130Pakistan

Forest soils have high carbon densities compared to other *** carbon sequestration is important to reduce CO 2 concentrations in the *** eff ective climate change mitigation strategy involves limiting the emissions of greenhouse gases from *** Pakhtunkhwa is the most forested province of Pakistan,hosting about one-third of the country’s 4.5×106 ha forest *** organic carbon in the province’s forests was estimated through a fi eld-based study carried out during 2014–17 covering the whole *** was collected from 373 sample plots laid out in diff erent forest types using a stratifi ed cluster sampling *** total quantity of soil organic carbon was estimated at 59.4×106 t with an average of 52.4±5.3 t/*** 69%of the total soil carbon is present in temperate *** broad-leaved and subtropical pine forests constitute 11.4%and 8.8%of the soil carbon stock ***,subalpine and oak forests have respective shares of 5.1%and 5.7%in the soil carbon *** lowest carbon stock(0.1%)was found in dry-tropical thorn *** highest soil carbon density was found in subalpine forests(69.5±7.2 t/ha)followed by moist temperate forests(68.5±6.7 t/ha)and dry temperate forests(60.7±6.5 t/ha).Oak forests have carbon density of 43.4±7.1 t/*** pine,subtropical broad-leaved and dry tropical thorn forests have soil carbon densities of 36.3±3.7,32.8±6.2 and 31.5±3.5 t/ha,*** forests of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province have substantial amounts of soil carbon which must be conserved for climate change mitigation and maintenance of sound forest health.

关键词： Soil carbon Carbon sequestration Climate change Carbon sink Forests Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Experimental Investigation on the Mechanical Properties of Natural Fiber Reinforced Concrete

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2022年第5期10卷 1307-1320页

作者： Ismail Shah Jing Li Shengyuan Yang Yubo Zhang Aftab anwar School of Architecture and Civil Engineering Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming650000China Key Laboratory of Crop Growth and Intelligent Agriculture of Yunnan Province Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming650000China

Recently,addition of various natural fibers to high strength concrete has aroused great interest in the field of building *** is because natural fibers are much cheaper and locally available,as compare to synthetic *** in view,this current research conducted mainly focuses on the static properties of hybridized(sisal/coir),sisal and coir fiber-reinforced *** types of natural fibers sisal and coir were used in the experiment with different lengths of 10,20 and 30 mm and various natural fiber concentrations of 0.5%,1.0%,and 1.5%by mass of cement,to investigate the static properties of sisal fiber reinforced concrete(SFRC),coir fiber reinforced concrete(CFRC)and hybrid fiber reinforced concrete(HFRC).The results indicate that HFRC has increased the compressive strength up to 35.98%with the length of 20 mm and with 0.5%concentration,while the CFRC and SFRC with the length of 10 mm and with 1%concentration have increased the compressive strength up to 33.94%and 24.86%,*** another hand,the split tensile strength was increased by HFRC with the length of 20 mm and with 1%concentration,CFRC with the length of 10 mm and with 1.5%concentration,and SFRC with the length of 30 mm and with 1%concentration have increased up to 25.48%,24.56%and 11.80%,respectively,while the HFRC with the length of 20 mm and with 0.5%concentration has increased the compressive strength of concrete but has decreased the split tensile strength up to 2.28%compared to ***,using the HFRC with the length of 20 mm and with 1%concentration provide the maximum output in terms of split tensile strength.

关键词： Sisal fiber reinforced concrete coir fiber reinforced concrete hybrid fibers compressive and tensile strength

Measuring quality of experience for 360-degree videos in virtual reality

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2020年第10期63卷 108-122页

作者： Muhammad Shahid anwar Jing WANG Asad ULLAH Wahab KHAN Sadique AHMAD Zesong FEI School of Information and Electronics Beijing Institute of Technology Faculty of Engineering Sciences and Technology Iqra University

In recent years, we witness dramatic growing attention in immersive media technologies like 360-degree videos and virtual reality(VR). However, measuring the quality-of-experience(QoE) for 360-degree VR videos is not a trivial task. Streaming such videos to head mounted displays(HMDs) is extremely bandwidth-demanding when compared to traditional 2D videos. In HTTP adaptive streaming, QoE tends to deteriorate significantly during fluctuating network conditions, which results in various bitrate changes and causes multiple stalling events during playback. Thus, understanding how the human visual system perceives 360-degree video with the effect of stalling and different bitrate levels becomes inevitable. In this paper, we investigate the impact of stalling on users QoE under different bitrate levels and the interaction between stalling event and bitrate level for 360-degree videos in VR. To aim this, we first build a 360-degree videos database by encoding videos in three different bitrate levels(1, 5, and 15 Mbps) with 4 K resolutions(3840×1920 pixels). We then simulate various stalling events in the videos and conduct a subjective experiment in a virtual reality environment to investigate the human responses. Finally, we use a Bayesian method to estimate and predict the QoE while measuring the quality drop owing to various stalling events and bitrate changes. Proposed solution and prediction results show a strong dependency between playback stalling and bitrate of 360-degree video in VR. Stalling always impacts the QoE of 360-degree videos, but the strength of this negative impact depends on the video bitrate level. The adverse effect of stalling events is more profound when bitrate level approaches to the high and low end, which is in close agreement with subjective opinion.

关键词： quality of experience stalling virtual reality 360-degree video