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Sustainable strategies for Ebola virus disease outbreak preparedness in Africa:a case study on lessons learnt in countries neighbouring the Democratic Republic of the Congo

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2022年第6期11卷 60-69页

作者： Caroline S.Ryan marie‑Roseline D.Belizaire miriam Nanyunja Olushayo Oluseun Olu Yahaya Ali ahmed Anderson Latt matthew Tut Kol Bertrand Bamuleke Jayne Tusiime Nadia Nsabimbona Ishata Conteh Shamiso Nyashanu Patrick Otim Ramadan Solomon Fisseha Woldetsadik Jean‑Pierre mulunda Nkata Jim T.Ntwari Senya D.Nzeyimana Leopold Ouedraogo Georges Batona Vedaste Ndahindwa Elizabeth A.mgamb magdalene Armah Joseph Francis Wamala Argata Guracha Guyo Alex Yao Sokemawu Freeman Alexander Chimbaru Innocent Komakech muhau Kuku Walter m.Firmino Grace E.Saguti Faraja msemwa Shikanga O‑Tipo Precious C.Kalubula Ngoy Nsenga Ambrose Otau Talisuna WHO Sub-Regional Ofce for Africa NairobiKenya WHO Country Ofce BanguiCentral African Republic WHO Country Ofce JubaSouth Sudan WHO Regional Ofce for Africa BrazzavilleCongo WHO Sub-Regional Ofce for Africa DakarSenegal Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention Addis AbabaEthiopia WHO Country Ofce BrazzavilleCongo WHO Coun‑try Ofce BujumburaBurundi WHO Country Ofce AsmaraEritrea WHO Country Ofce KigaliRwanda WHO Country Ofce KampalaUganda WHO Country Ofce LuandaAngola WHO Country Ofce Dar Es SalaamTanzania WHO Country Ofce LusakaZambia

Background: From may 2018 to September 2022, the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) experienced seven Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreaks within its borders. During the 10th EVD outbreak (2018–2020), the largest experienced in the DRC and the second largest and most prolonged EVD outbreak recorded globally, a WHO risk assessment identified nine countries bordering the DRC as moderate to high risk from cross border importation. These countries implemented varying levels of Ebola virus disease preparedness interventions. This case study highlights the gains and shortfalls with the Ebola virus disease preparedness interventions within the various contexts of these countries against the background of a renewed and growing commitment for global epidemic preparedness highlighted during recent World Health Assembly *** text: Several positive impacts from preparedness support to countries bordering the affected provinces in the DRC were identified, including development of sustained capacities which were leveraged upon to respond to the subsequent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Shortfalls such as lost opportunities for operationalizing cross-border regional preparedness collaboration and better integration of multidisciplinary perspectives, vertical approaches to response pillars such as surveillance, over dependence on external support and duplication of efforts especially in areas of capacity building were also identified. A recurrent theme that emerged from this case study is the propensity towards implementing short-term interventions during active Ebola virus disease outbreaks for preparedness rather than sustainable investment into strengthening systems for improved health security in alignment with IHR obligations, the Sustainable Development Goals and advocating global policy for addressing the larger structural determinants underscoring these ***: Despite several international frameworks established at the global level for e

关键词： Ebola virus disease Emergency preparedness and response Lessons learned Case study International Health Regulations Democratic Republic of the Congo

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Natural contamination of human hands with enteric parasites in Indian Subcontinent

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World Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases 2013年第2期3卷 13-19页

作者： m Khalid Ijaz Kaisar A Talukder mohammad Aslam Rashidul Haque Sandipan Ganguly Ishrat J Azmi md Shawkat Hossain Avik Kumar mukherjee Dibyendu Raj Ijaz ahmed Jabeen Kamal Joseph R Rubino Alam Nur-E-Kamal Reckitt Benckiser LLC One Philips ParkwayMontvaleNJ 07645United States International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research BangladeshDhaka-1000Bangla-desh Division of Parasitology National Institute of Cholera and Enteric DiseasesKolkata-700010India Department of Biology Medgar Evers College of the City University of New YorkBrooklynNew YorkNY 11225United States

AIm: To investigate the prevalence of enteric parasite contamination on hands and the potential role naturally contaminated hands may have in their transmission. mETHODS: Prior to initiating the survey, the protocol was reviewed and approved by respective Institutional Review Boards of each survey site(Dhaka, Bangladesh and Kolkata, India). Both stool and corresponding hand wash samples collected, were analyzed for the presence of enteric parasitic ova/(oo)cysts employing conventional microscopy coupled with permanent staining techniques. Additionally molecular approachessuch as polymerase chain reaction(PCR) of enteric parasites recovered from both stool and corresponding hand wash samples, were also used to further confirm their identity. RESULTS: A total of 972 stool samples were collected from both sites surveyed(300 volunteers from Kolkata, India and 672 from Dhaka, Bangladesh). Parasitic analysis revealed, 113(38%) from Kolkata, India and 267(40%) of stool samples from Dhaka, Bangladesh were positive for parasitic ova/(oo)cysts. When the corresponding hand wash samples were analyzed, 43(14%) stool-positive volunteers in Kolkata, India and 47(7%) in Dhaka, Bangladesh were positive for enteric parasitic ova/(oo)cysts. Ascaris lumbricoides(A. lumbricoides) ova and Giardia lamblia(G. lamblia) cysts predominated in hands wash samples from both sites surveyed(from India, A. lumbricoides ova, 53%; G. lamblia cysts 31% and from Bangladesh, A. lumbricoides ova, 47%; G. lamblia cysts 19%). Genotypic analysis of enteric parasitic ova/(oo)cysts obtained from both stool and corresponding hand wash samples taken from the same person were found to be identical. CONCLUSION: These results suggest a possible role of hands contaminated with enteric parasites' ova/(oo)cysts in the transmission of these parasites highlighting another role of hand hygiene/proper hand washing in reducing the disease burden in low socioeconomic communities.

关键词： Enteric parasites Ascaris lumbricoides Giardia lamblia Natural contamination of hands

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Number of J/ψ events at BESIII

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Chinese Physics C 2022年第7期46卷 74-84页

作者： m.Ablikim m.N.Achasov P.Adlarson S.ahmed m.Albrecht R.Aliberti A.Amoroso m.R.An Q.An X.H.Bai Y.Bai O.Bakina R.Baldini Ferroli I.Balossino Y.Ban K.Begzsuren N.Berger m.Bertani D.Bettoni F.Bianchi J.Bloms A.Bortone I.Boyko R.A.Briere H.Cai X.Cai A.Calcaterra G.F.Cao N.Cao S.A.Cetin J.F.Chang W.L.Chang G.Chelkov G.Chen H.S.Chen m.L.Chen S.J.Chen X.R.Chen Y.B.Chen Z.J.Chen W.S.Cheng G.Cibinetto F.Cossio J.J.Cui X.F.Cu H.L.Dai J.P.Dai X.C.Dai A.Dbeyssi R.E.de Boer D.Dedovich Z.Y.Deng A.Denig I.Denysenko m.Destefanis F.De mori Y.Ding C.Dong J.Dong L.Y.Dong m.Y.Dong X.Dong S.X.Du P.Egorov Y.L.Fan J.Fang S.S.Fang Y.Fang R.Farinelli L.Fava F.Feldbauer G.Felici C.Q.Feng J.H.Feng m.Fritsch C.D.Fu Y.Gao Y.Gao I.Garzia P.T.Ge C.Geng E.m.Gersabeck A Gilman K.Goetzen L.Gong W.X.Gong W.Gradl m.Greco L.m.Gu m.H.Gu C..Y.Guan A.Q.Guo A.Q.Guo L.B.Guo R.P.Guo Y.P.Guo A.Guskov T.T.Han W.Y.Han X.Q.Hao F.A.Harris K.K.He K.L.He F.H.Heinsius C.H.Heinz Y.K.Heng C.Herold m.Himmelreich T.Holtmann G.Y.Hou Y.R.Hou Z.L.Hou H.m.Hu J.F.Hu T.Hu Y.Hu G.S.Huang L.Q.Huang X.T.Huang Y.P.Huang Z.Huang T.Hussain N Husken W.Ikegami Andersson W.Imoehl m.Irshad S.Jaeger S.Janchiv Q.Ji Q.P.Ji X.B.Ji X.L.Ji Y.Y.Ji H.B.Jiang X.S.Jiang J.B.Jiao Z.Jiao S.Jin Y.Jin m.Q.Jing T.Johansson N.Kalantar-Nayestanaki X.S.Kang R.Kappert m.Kavatsyuk B.C.Ke I.K.Keshk A.Khoukaz P.Kiese R.Kiuchi R.Kliemt L.Koch O.B.Kolcu B.Kopf m.Kuemmel m.Kuessner A.Kupsc m.G.Kurth W.Kuhn J.J.Lane J.S.Lange P.Larin A.Lavania L.Lavezzi Z.H.Lei H.Leithoff m.Lellmann T.Lenz C.Li C.H.Li Cheng Li D.m.Li F.Li G.Li H.Li H.Li H.B.Li H.J.Li H.N.Li J.L.Li J.Q.Li J.S.Li Ke Li L.K.Li Lei Li P.R.Li S.Y.Li W.D.Li W.G.Li X.H.Li X.L.Li Xiaoyu Li Z.Y.Li H.Liang H.Liang H.Liang Y.F.Liang Y.T.Liang G.R.Liao L.Z.Liao J.Libby A.Limphirat C.X.Lin D.X.Lin T.Lin B.J.Liu C.X.Liu D.Liu F.H.Liu Fang Liu Feng Liu G.m.Liu H.m.Liu Huanhuan Liu Huihui Liu J.B.Liu J.L.Liu J.Y.Liu K.Liu K.Y.Liu Ke Liu L.Liu m.H.Liu P.L.Liu Q.Liu Q.Liu S.B.Liu T.Liu T.Liu W.m.Liu X.Liu Y.Liu Y.B.Liu Z.A.Liu Z.Q.Liu X.C.Lou F.X.Lu H.J.Lu J.D. Institute of High Energy Physics Beijing 100049China Beihang University Beijing 100191China Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology Beijing 102617China Bochum Ruhr-University D-44780 BochumGermany Camnegie mellon University PittsburghPennsylvania 15213USA Central China Normal University Wuhan 430079China China Center of Advanced Science and Technology Beijing 100190China COmSATS University Islamabad Lahore CampusDefence RoadOff Raiwind Road54000 LahorePakistan Fudan University Shanghai 200443China G.I.Budker Institute of Nuclear Physies SBRAS(BINP) Novosibirsk 630090Russia GSI Helmholtzcentre for Heavy Ion Research GmbH D-64291 DarmstadtGermany Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004China Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 310036China Helmholtz Institute mainz Staudinger Weg 18D-55099 MainzGermany Henan Normal University Xinxiang 453007China Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang 471003China Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou 450001China Huangshan College Huangshan 245000China Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081China Hunan University Changsha 410082China Indian Institute of Technology madras Chennai 600036India Indiana University BloomingtonIndiana 47405USA INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati I-00044FrascatiItaly INFN Sezione di Perugia I-06100PerugiaItaly University of Perugia I-06100PerugiaItaly University of Ferrara I-44122FerraraItaly Institute of modern Physics Lanzhou 730000China Institute of Physies and Technology Peace Ave 54BUlaanbaatar 13330Mongolia Jilin University Changchun 130012China Johannes Gutenberg University of mainz Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 45D-55099 MainzGermany Joint Institute for Nuclear Research 141980 DubnaMoscow regionRussia Justus-Liebig-Universitaet Giessen Ⅱ.Physikaliches InstitutHeinricH-Buff-Ring 16D-35392 GiessenGermany Lanzhou University Lnzhou 730000China Liaoning Normal University Dalian 116029China Liaoning University Shenyang 110036China Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023China Nanjing Univ

Using inclusive decays of J/ψ aprecise determination of the number of J/ψ events collected with the BESIII detector was *** the two data sets taken in 2009 and 2012,the numbers of J/ψ events were recalculated to be(224.0±1.3)×10^(6) and(1088.5±4.4)×10^(6),respectively;these numbers are in good agreement with the previous measurements. For the J/ψ sample taken in 2017-2019,the number of events was determined to be(8774.0±39.4)×10^(6).The total number of J/ψ events collected with the BESIII detector was determined to be(10087±44)×10^(6),where the uncertainty is dominated by systematic effects,and the statistical uncertainty is negligible.

关键词： number of J/ψevents BESIII detector inclusive J/ψdecays

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mR肠道成像定量评价回肠末端活动性作为Crohn病活动的潜在生物指标:初步研究

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国际医学放射学杂志 2013年第1期 89-89页

作者： A.menys D.Atkinson F.Odille A.ahmed m.Novelli m.Rodriguez-Justo 黄黎香 Department of Specialist Radiology University College London HospitalPodium Level 2235 Euston RoadLondonUK NW1 2BU

目的采用mR肠道成像(mRE)定量评价Crohn病回肠末端(TI)的活动性,并与组织学急性炎症的严重程度进行比较。方法共28例Crohn病病人进行了mRE和TI的内镜活检。采集横断位和冠状位TrueFISP、HASTE和钆增强的VIBE序列,而后对全部小肠范围进... 详细信息

目的采用mR肠道成像(mRE)定量评价Crohn病回肠末端(TI)的活动性,并与组织学急性炎症的严重程度进行比较。方法共28例Crohn病病人进行了mRE和TI的内镜活检。采集横断位和冠状位TrueFISP、HASTE和钆增强的VIBE序列,而后对全部小肠范围进行多次冠状位TrueFISP动态电影成像。TI的活动性指数(mI)采用经认证的软件进行定量分析,经活检获得急性炎症的评分(eAIS,0～6)。两位阅片者根据mRI的解剖表现情况对肠壁厚度、T2信号、对比度增强和黏膜周围水肿(0～3)进行活动性mRI评分(amRI)。采用Spearman相关性分析检验mI、eAIS和amRI之间的相关性。采用Wilcoxon秩和检验比较伴与不伴病理学炎症的受试者的肠活动性。结果 mI和eAIS的平均值分别为0.27(范围0.06～0.55)和1.5(范围0～5)。不伴炎症者TI的mI(平均0.37,范围0.13～0.55)和伴炎症者的mI(平均0.19,范围0.06～0.44)之间差异存在统计学意义,P=0.002;而mI与eAIS(ρ=-0.52,P=0.005)和amRI(R=-0.7,PmRI存在的解剖学表现呈负相关。

关键词：活动性回肠末端定量评价 Crohn mR 肠道

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经皮射频消融治疗小的结直肠癌肝转移:局部有效率和10年随访的长期生存率

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国际医学放射学杂志 2013年第1期 81-81页

作者： L.Solbiati m.ahmed L.Cova T.Ierace m.Brioschi S.N.Goldberg 李琼 Department of Radiology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center at Harvard Medical School1 Deaconess RdWCC 308BBostonMA 02215

目的确定进行射频消融和全身化疗的结直肠癌肝转移病人的长期(10年)生存率。材料与方法研究获得单位伦理委员会批准。1997年—2006年间,99例病人共202个小结直肠癌肝转移灶[0.8～4.0cm;平均(2.2±1.1)cm]进行了超声导向下采用内部冷却... 详细信息

目的确定进行射频消融和全身化疗的结直肠癌肝转移病人的长期(10年)生存率。材料与方法研究获得单位伦理委员会批准。1997年—2006年间,99例病人共202个小结直肠癌肝转移灶[0.8～4.0cm;平均(2.2±1.1)cm]进行了超声导向下采用内部冷却电极的经皮射频消融治疗,同时进行全身化疗。所选病例包括不适合手术(n=80)和拒绝手术(n=19)的病人。射频消融后采用对比增强CT和(或)mRI检查进行3～10年的随访(随访3、5、7和10年的病例数分别为99、67、49和25)。评价局部有效率和长期生存率。对于每个结束点生成Kaplan-meier曲线,采用对数秩检验评价统计学的差异性。结果首次和再次治疗的成功率分别为93.1%(188/202)和100%(14/14)。11.9%(24/202)的转移灶出现局部进展,其中54.2%(13/24)进行再次治疗。再次治疗病人的生存率较没有再次治疗者明显增加(P<0.001)。在随访中,发现了125个新的肝转移灶,其中32.8%(41/125)接受了射频消融治疗。1、3、5、7和10年的总体生存率分别为98.0%、69.3%、47.8%、25.0%和18.0%(中位数为53.2个月)。主要并发症的发生率为1.3%(2/156),没有出现与治疗相关的死亡。撰写本文时32.3%(32/99)的病人还活着,67.7%(67/99)的病人已经死亡,平均随访时间为72个月。结论全身化疗联合射频消融治疗,能局部控制大部分的结直肠癌肝转移灶。此大样本病人的3～10年生存率,基本上与文献报道的大部分手术者的生存率相当。

关键词：经皮射频消融病人结直肠癌生存率肝转移

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大鼠肿瘤模型行经皮肿瘤射频消融治疗中脂质体凋亡增强子能够促进肿瘤凝固和延长生存终点吗?

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国际医学放射学杂志 2011年第1期34卷 81-页

作者： m.ahmed m.Elian E.S.A.Hady T.S.Levchenko R.R.Sawant 李绪斌 Laboratory for minimally Invasive Tumor Therapies Department of RadiologyBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School

目的探讨射频(RF)消融术配合静脉注射包裹紫杉醇和多柔比星的促凋亡脂质体对肿瘤灭活、细胞凋亡、热休克蛋白(HSP)分泌、瘤内药物蓄积以及生存终点的影响。

关键词：紫杉醇 RF 多柔比星脂质体生存大鼠

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Versatile tape-drive target for high-repetition-rate laser-driven proton acceleration

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2023年第4期11卷 59-69页

作者： N.Xu m.J.V.Streeter O.C.Ettlinger H.ahmed S.Astbury m.Borghesi N.Bourgeois C.B.Curry S.J.D.Dann N.P.Dover T.Dzelzainis V.Istokskaia m.Gauthier L.Giuffrida G.D.Glenn S.H.Glenzer R.J.Gray J.S.Green G.S.Hicks C.Hyland m.King B.Loughran D.margarone O.mcCusker P.mcKenna C.Parisuaña P.Parsons C.Spindloe D.R.Symes F.Treffert C.A.J.Palmer Z.Najmudin John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science Blackett LaboratoryImperial College LondonLondonUK School of maths and Physics Queen’s University BelfastBelfastUK Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcotUK SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo ParkUSA ELI Beamlines Centre Institute of PhysicsCASDolni BrezanyCzech Republic Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering Czech Technical University in PraguePragueCzech Republic Department of Physics SUPAUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgowUK Department of mechanical Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordUSA Department of Applied Physics Stanford UniversityStanfordUSA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of AlbertaEdmontonCanada Institut für Kernphysik Technische Universität DarmstadtDarmstadtGermany

We present the development and characterization of a high-stability,multi-material,multi-thickness tape-drive target for laser-driven acceleration at repetition rates of up to 100 *** tape surface position was measured to be stable on the sub-micrometre scale,compatible with the high-numerical aperture focusing geometries required to achieve relativistic intensity interactions with the pulse energy available in current multi-Hz and near-future higher repetition-rate lasers(>kHz).Long-term drift was characterized at 100 Hz demonstrating suitability for operation over extended *** target was continuously operated at up to 5 Hz in a recent experiment for 70,000 shots without intervention by the experimental team,with the exception of tape replacement,producing the largest data-set of relativistically intense laser–solid foil measurements to *** tape drive provides robust targetry for the generation and study of high-repetitionrate ion beams using next-generation high-power laser systems,also enabling wider applications of laser-driven proton sources.

关键词： high-repetition-rate laser target laser-plasma acceleration proton generation tape-drive target

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利妥昔单抗:一种用于治疗寻常型天疱疮的抗CD20单克隆抗体

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2006年第11期2卷 13-13页

作者： El Tal A.K. Posner m.R. Spigelman Z. ahmed A.R. 任建文

Background: Rituximab is an anti-CD20 chimeric antibody that selectively targets B lymphocytes. Recently, it has been reported to be beneficial in treating pemphigus vulgaris. Objective: Our aim was to review the English-language literature on the treatment of pemphigus vulgaris (PV) with rituximab and to determine its efficacy and influence on clinical outcome(s). material and methods: A retrospective review of the literature on the use of rituximab in the treatment of PV was conducted. Seventeen patients in 10 reports were described and their data were reviewed. Results: The majority of patients received one course of rituximab along with conventional immunosuppressive therapy as concomitant therapy; 88%of the patients demonstrated improvement. more than half of the patients were followed up for more than 6 months after rituximab treatment; they appeared to be clinically disease free, but were still receiving conventional immunosuppressive therapy. Side effects in most patients were transient and infusion related. Serious infections occurred in 4 patients. One patient died. Limitations: The sample size of this study is small; there is no uniformity of data collection or measurement of key and critical indices, and follow-up was limited. Conclusion: Rituximab may be a promising agent in treatment of PV.

关键词：寻常型天疱疮 CD20 利妥昔单抗单克隆抗体传统免疫抑制剂嵌合抗体输液反应关键性指标英文

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Reconstruction of Post Burn Neck Contracture Using Full Thickness Skin Graft

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modern Plastic Surgery 2018年第2期8卷 21-28页

作者： Dalia m. El Sakka Belal A. Al mobarak mohamed Elsayed mohamed mohamed menoufiya University Al Minufya Egypt Plastic Surgery Department Ahmed Maher Teaching Hospital Cairo Egypt

Background: Neck contracture after burns is a major complication that affects function and cosmesis. The aim of covering the raw area and defects is through using good quality pliable skin. Full thickness skin graft allows a large dimension sheet of good quality skin with low donor-site morbidity. Also it provides similar skin quality to the recipient areas with much less cosmetic difference. methods: Four men and eight women underwent neck contracture release and reconstruction from December of 2015 to August of 2016. mean patient age was 29 years (range from 12 to 46 years). Burn scar contracture releases were performed and cervicoplasty was added for optimal neck appearance. Uniformly full thickness skin grafts were applied. Both lateral ends of these grafts (release incisions) were designed with a fishtail shape for sufficient release and to minimize linear scar band formation in the most lateral region of the neck. Results: Full thickness skin grafts as large as 24 ± 12 cm (in length) and 10 - 15 cm (in width) were used. All grafts were taken without significant complications. Range of neck motion increased, and the cervico-mental angle was regained in all patients. A highly natural neck contour was universally obtained without a secondary debulking procedure. Conclusions: Full thickness skin grafts for treatment of post burn neck contraction give good functional and cosmetic results. They give similar color match and good skin quality, also help in regaining of cervico-mental angle.

关键词： Neck Contracture Skin Grafts Donor Site morbidity

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国际原子能机构(IAEA)对亚洲、欧洲、拉丁美洲和非洲40个国家儿科CT扫描的调查:检查方法和扫描常规

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国际医学放射学杂志 2013年第3期 284-284页

作者： J.Vassileva m.m.Rehani K.Applegate N.A.ahmed H.Al-Dhuhli H.m.Al-Naemi 谢胜男 International Atomic Energy Agency

目的调查40个资源匮乏的国家其儿科CT扫描的检查方法和扫描常规。方法根据国际原子能机构(IAEA)项目下关于CT技术、曝光参数、CT协议和辐射剂量的电子调查回应,分析亚洲、欧洲、拉丁美洲和非洲共40个国家的146台CT设备。结果接受调查的... 详细信息

目的调查40个资源匮乏的国家其儿科CT扫描的检查方法和扫描常规。方法根据国际原子能机构(IAEA)项目下关于CT技术、曝光参数、CT协议和辐射剂量的电子调查回应,分析亚洲、欧洲、拉丁美洲和非洲共40个国家的146台CT设备。结果接受调查的设备中有77%可使用现代的mDCT系统,设有专门儿科CT扫描常规的占94%。然而,大约有50%的受访设备在一些年龄组无法使用扫描常规。只有57%的设施使用基于指征的扫描常规。使用CT剂量指数(CTDI)或剂量长度乘积(DLP)对标准CT检查常规的辐射剂量进行评价发现其变异系数高达100。在一些地方,头部和胸部的CTDIvol值是成人的2～5倍。镇静和屏蔽使用经常被报道;但无固定装置。只有49%的地方对暴露因素进行记录。结论在资源匮乏的国家用于儿童的CT检查方法和扫描常规有很大的改进潜力。少年儿童的辐射剂量估计值差别很大。本次调查为IAEA的持续质量改进工作提供了重要的基线数据。要点①审计40个资源匮乏国家的儿科CT做法。②审计结果显示辐射剂量差异很大(高达100倍)。③特定年龄组的特定CT扫描常规使用率低(约50%)。④调查说明在儿科CT实践中具有重大的改进潜力。⑤跨国网络是一种有效的质量改进机制。

关键词： CT 儿科CT 病人剂量辐射防护 CT协议

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