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Multi-material Bio-inspired Soft Octopus Robot for Underwater Synchronous Swimming

Journal of Bionic Engineering 2022年第5期19卷 1229-1241页

作者： faheem ahmed Muhammad Waqas Bushra Shaikh Umair Khan Afaque Manzoor Soomro Suresh Kumar Hina Ashraf Fida Hussain Memon Kyung Hyun Choi Department of Mechatronics Engineering Jeju National UniversityJeju 63243South Korea Department of Electrical Engineering Sukkur IBA UniversityAirport RoadSukkur 65200SindhPakistan Advanced Micro Mechatronics and Energy Lab Sukkur IBA UniversitySukkur 65200Pakistan Department of Ocean Sciences Jeju National UniversityJeju 63243South Korea

Inspired by the simple yet amazing morphology of the Octopus, we propose the design, fabrication, and characterization of multi-material bio-inspired soft Octopus robot (Octobot). 3D printed molds for tentacles and head were used. The tentacles of the Octobot were casted using Ecoflex-0030 while head was fabricated using relatively flexible material, i.e., OOMOO-25. The head is attached to the functionally responsive tentacles (each tentacle is of 79.12 mm length and 7 void space diameter), whereas Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) muscle wires of 0.5 mm thickness are used in Octobot tentacles for dual thrust generation and actuation of Octobot. The tentacles were separated in two groups and were synchronously actuated. Each tentacle of the developed Octobot contains a pair of SMA muscles (SMA-α and SMA-β). SMA-α muscles being the main actuator, was powered by 9 V, 350 mA power supply, whereas SMA-β was used to provide back thrust and thus helps to increase the actuation frequency. Simulation work of the proposed model was performed in the SolidWorks environment to verify the vertical velocity using the octopus tentacle actuation. The design morphology of Octobot was optimized using simulation and TRACKER software by analyzing the experimental data of angle, displacement, and velocity of real octopus. The as-developed Octobot can swim at variable frequencies (0.5–2 Hz) with the average speed of 25 mm/s (0.5 BLS). Therefore, the proposed soft Octopus robot showed an excellent capability of mimicking the gait pattern of its natural counterpart.

关键词： Bio-inspired Octopus Octobot Sub-surface Soft robotics Swimming

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Automatic Speaker Recognition Using Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients Through Machine Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第6期71卷 5511-5521页

作者： U˘gur Ayvaz Hüseyin Gürüler faheem Khan Naveed ahmed Taegkeun Whangbo Abdusalomov Akmalbek Bobomirzaevich Department of Computer Engineering Istanbul Technical UniversityIstanbul34485Turkey Department of Information Systems Engineering Mugla Sitki Kocman UniversityMugla48000Turkey Artificial Intelligence Lab Department of Computer EngineeringGachon UniversitySeongnam13557Korea Department of Computer Science College of Computing and InformaticsUniversity of SharjahSharjah27272UAE

Automatic speaker recognition(ASR)systems are the field of Human-machine interaction and scientists have been using feature extraction and feature matching methods to analyze and synthesize these *** of the most commonly used methods for feature extraction is Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients(MFCCs).Recent researches show that MFCCs are successful in processing the voice signal with high *** represents a sequence of voice signal-specific *** experimental analysis is proposed to distinguish Turkish speakers by extracting the MFCCs from the speech *** the human perception of sound is not linear,after the filterbank step in theMFCC method,we converted the obtained log filterbanks into decibel(dB)features-based spectrograms without applying the Discrete Cosine Transform(DCT).A new dataset was created with converted spectrogram into a 2-D *** learning algorithms were implementedwith a 10-fold cross-validationmethod to detect the *** highest accuracy of 90.2%was achieved using Multi-layer Perceptron(MLP)with tanh activation *** most important output of this study is the inclusion of human voice as a new feature set.

关键词： Automatic speaker recognition human voice recognition spatial pattern recognition MFCCs spectrogram machine learning artificial intelligence

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Dominant ferromagnetic coupling over antiferromagnetic in Ni doped ZnO： First-principles calculations

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Frontiers of physics 2016年第1期11卷 121-127页

作者： Bakhtiar UI Haq Rashid ahmed Galila Abdellatif Amiruddin Shaari faheem K. Butt Mohammed Benali Kanoun Souraya Goumri-Said Department of Physics Faculty of Science UniversitiTeknologi Malaysia UTM Skudai Johor81310 Malaysia Department of Physics Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 44 0-746 Korea Physik-Department ECS Technische Universitat Miinchen James-Franck-Straβe 1 85748 Garching Germany Department of Physics The University of Lahore 1-KM Defence Road Lahore Pakistan Department of Physics Faculty of Science Cairo University Giza Egypt physics Department College of Science AlFaisal University P.O. Box 50927 Riyadh 11533 Saudi Arabia

The low magnetic moment （MM） in diluted magnetic semiconductors （DMS） at low impurity doping levels has triggered considerable research into condensed magnetic semiconductors （CMS）.This work reports an ab-initio investigation of the electronic structures and magnetic properties of ZnO in a zinc-blende （ZB） structure doped with nickel ions. Ni-doped ZnO-based DMS and CMS exhibit a dominance of ferromagnetic coupling over antiferromagnetic. A robust increase in the magnetization has been observed as a function of Ni impurity levels. This material favors short-range magnetic interactions at the ground state, suggesting that the observed ferromagnetism is defined by the double exchange mechanism. The spin-polarized density of states （DOS） of Ni-doped ZnO characterizes it as half-metallic with a considerable energy gap for up-spin components and as metallic for-down spins. Half metallic Ni：ZnO based magnetic semiconductors with high magnetization are expected to have potential applications in spintronics.

关键词： ZnO diluted magnetic semiconductors ab-initio calculations electronic structure,magnetic properties

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Vegetation-environment relationship in conifer dominating forests of the mountainous range of Indus Kohistan in northern Pakistan

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第8期17卷 1989-2000页

作者： Adam KHAN Moinuddin ahmed Muhammad faheem SIDDIQI Mohib SHAH Eduardo Soares CALIXTO Afsheen KHAN Paras SHAH Javed IQBAL Muhammad AZEEM Department of Botany University of BunerSwari 19290Pakistan Dr.Moinuddin ahmed Research Laboratory of Dendrochronology and Plant Ecology Department of Botany FederalUrdu University of ArtsScience and Technology Gulshan-e-Iqbal campus KarachiKarachi 75300Pakistan Department of Botany University of Karachi Karachi 75270Pakistan Department of Botany Abdul Wali Khan University MardanMardan 23200Pakistan Department of Entomology University of Sao PauloRibeirao PretoRibeirao Preto 14040-900Brazil Dr.Abdul Ghaffar laboratory of Plant Pathology and Aerobiology Department of BotanyFederal Urdu University ofArtsScience and Technology Gulshan-e-Iqbal campus KarachiKarachi 75300Pakistan

Environmental variables play a crucial role in shaping vegetation structure,mainly in mountainous *** studies have attempted to identify the environment-vegetation relationship of Conifer Dominating Forests(CDF)***,due to differences in local climate and soil composition,different environmental drivers can be *** applying multivariate analysis techniques,this study investigated the vegetation-environment relationship of CDF of Indus Kohistan in northern *** results showed that CDF of Indus Kohistan are distributed in five distinct ecological groups,which are dominated by different trees and understory species.A total of 7 trees and 71 understory species were recorded from the sampling *** deodara was the leading species among four groups,having the highest importance value(IV),density and basal *** I was dominated by Pinus wallichiana with the second highest importance value,density and basal *** addition,elevation,slope,maximum water holding capacity(MWHC),soil moisture(SM),total organic matter(TOM),sodium,phosphorus and nickel showed highly significant influence on composition and distribution pattern of Indus Kohistan ***,this study shows a new evidence of vegetation-environment relationship,pointing out specific drivers of vegetation structure in CDF of Indus Kohistan region in northern Pakistan.

关键词： Conifer forests Understory species Environmental variables Multivariate analysis Indus Kohistan Northern Pakistan

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Dirty Data between Errors and Their Handling—A Firsthand Experience in Solving Dirty Data from Within

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International Journal of Intelligence Science 2023年第2期13卷 48-62页

作者： faheem Bukhatwa ahmed Laarfi Ismahan Salem Faculty of Computing Griffith College Dublin Ireland Brevard Public School Viera Florida USA Retired Benghazi Libya.

Managing large amounts of data is becoming part of everyday life in most organizations. Handling, analyzing, searching, and making predictions from big data is becoming the norm for many organizations of many interests. Big data provides the foundations for more benefits and higher values to be extracted from big data. As big data comes with countless benefits, it also comes with many challenges to fulfilling its expectations. Some of those problems haunting big data banks are being termed dirty data. This paper focuses on dirty data while working on an organization’s natural live information system. The author was responsible for studying and analyzing a faltering information system and planning and carrying out the required solutions and fixes. The importance of the work carried out lies in the high level of dirty data observed in the system. Therefore, this paper is based on the part of dirty data—the paper focuses on how the team suffered from dirty data and how it was dealt with.

关键词： Data Science Database Artificial Intelligence System Analysis Big Data

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Construction of Vectors to Suppress Photorespiratory Pathway in Wheat and Reviews of Recombinant Protein Expression Technologies

Construction of Vectors to Suppress Photorespiratory Pathway...

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作者： faheem ahmed KHAN 华中农业大学

学位级别：硕士

Life on earth is sustained by a process of Photosynthesis. Plants utilise visible light spectra to produce biomass. Our environment is constantly changing which requires the photosynthetic machinery to work in more vigorous way to adopt itself to upcoming challenges of severe biotic and abiotic nature. To cope with these challenges, plant scientists are constantly working on the ways to enhance the photosynthetic activity. Photorespiration which fixes O2and releases CO2in C3plants is the competing pathway with photosynthesis. One of the method to increase yield is to enhance photosynthesis through engineering photorespiratory pathway. A number of efforts have been carried out in this pursuit resulting in three engineered photorespiratory pathways to date, out of which two have been proven experimentally in model plant, Arabidopsis. These approaches may prove useful for field crops in future environment of more hostile nature. To experimentally prove this in wheat, six vectors are constructed expressing AtGDH, GCL and TSR aiming to install a novel pathway in wheat to supress photorespiration by gene gun. These vetors are PXJC-Ubi-TaCTP-GDH, PXJC-Ubi-HvCTP-GCL, PXJC-Ubi-ZmCTP-TSR, PXJC-Cmps-TaCTP-GDH, PXJC-Cmps-HvCTP-GCL, PXJC-Cmps-ZmCTP-TSR. These vectors are mainly divided into two groups based on Promoter. One group contain Ubiquitin promoter which is a strong promoter and shows very good results in wheat. The other one is with Cmps promoter. Three genes namely AtGDH, GCL, and TSR involved in novel pathway are codon optimised to wheat and synthesized synthetically. Additionally to make these genes express in Chloroplast different Chloroplast transit peptides from wheat barley and maize are used. These were then cloned in PXJC-Ubi-Upmi and PXJC-Cmps-Upmi vectors （Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory for Triticeae Crops）. The plasmid as a whole or Clean Cassete can be used in gene gun transformation of wheat. A review is made on recent developments in protein expres

关键词：小麦蛋白质表达亚单位疫苗基因转化

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Effect of sintering temperature on structure, magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of La_(0.6)Ca_(0.4)MnO_3 manganite

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2014年第S1期24卷 141-145页

作者： Seung Rok LEE M.S.ANWAR faheem ahmed Bon Heun KOO School of Materials Science and Engineering Changwon National University

The effect of sintering temperature on the structure, magnetic transition and magnetic entropy of La0.6Ca0.4MnO3 manganite was studied. It was observed that this compound belongs to the orthorhombic structure with the Pnma space group without any impurity phase. The effect of sintering temperature on the Curie temperature(TC) was studied. The small increment in TC is found with increasing the sintering temperature. The magnetocaloric study exposes a quite large change of the magnetic entropy, which varies with sintering temperature. For an applied magnetic field of 3 T and sintering temperature of 1300 °C, the relative cooling power(RCP) is 89 J/kg. As a result, the studied compound can be considered as potential material for magnetic refrigeration near and below room temperature.

关键词： manganite magnetocaloric effect sintering temperature colossal magnetoresistance

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Facile synthesis of single-crystalline rutile TiO_2 nano-rods by solution method

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2014年第S1期24卷 152-156页

作者： Rehan DANISH faheem ahmed Nishat ARSHI M.S.ANWAR Bon Heun KOO School of Nano and Advanced Materials Engineering Changwon National University

A convenient and scalable technique for the synthesis of rutile titanium dioxide(TiO2) nano-rods was presented by using bulk TiO2 powder, sodium hydroxide(NaOH) and distilled water as raw materials. X-ray diffraction(XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM) studies indicate that the prepared sample is crystalline and free from any impurities, however, it has no distinct shape and possesses a huge degree of agglomeration, and the average crystal size is around 40 nm. After annealing the sample at 600 °C for 2 h, it is observed through FESEM that nano-rods are formed. And XRD analysis shows that the nano-rods are single crystalline with distinct and smooth surfaces in different sizes with average length of about 1 μm and diameter of about 80 nm. Further UV-visible spectroscopy and Raman studies were conducted for the prepared sample and the band gap of the final product is found to be 3.40 eV.

关键词： TiO2 nanorods solution method crystal growth rutile

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基于CFD的具有首翼的新型飞翔形式AUV升力和阻力估计:对阻力极曲线和推力估计的见解

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哈尔滨工程大学学报（英文版） 2024年第2期23卷 352-365页

作者： faheem ahmed Xianbo Xiang Haotian Wang Gong Xiang Shaolong Yang School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology1037Luoyu RoadWuhan 430074China State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology1037Luoyu RoadWuhan 430074China

To achieve hydrodynamic design excellence in Autonomous Underwater Vehicles(AUVs)largely depends on the accurate prediction of lift and drag *** study presents Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)-based lift and drag estimations of a novel torpedo-shaped flight-style AUV with *** horizontal bow-wings are provided to accommodate the electromagnetic arrays used to perform the cable detection and tracking operations near the *** hydrodynamic performance of the AUV due to addition of these horizontal bow-wings is required to be investigated,particularly at the initial design ***,CFD techniques are employed to compute the lift and drag forces observed by the flight-style AUV,maneuvering underwater at different angles of attack and varying *** Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes Equations(RANSE)closure is achieved by employing the modified k-ϵ model and Two-Scale Wall Function(2-SWF)approach is used for boundary layer ***,the study also highlights the unique mesh refinement and solution-adaptive meshing techniques to perform the CFD simulations in Solidworks Flow Simulation(SWFS)*** drag polar curve for flight-style AUV with and without bow-wings is generated using the computed lift and drag *** curve provided essential insights for achieving hydrodynamically efficient and optimized AUV *** the drag polar curve,it is revealed that due to horizontal bow-wings,the flight-style AUV is capable to generate higher lift with less drag and thus,it gives better lift-to-drag ratio compared to the AUV without ***,simulated results of axial drag observed by the AUV have also been compared with free-running experimental results and are found in good agreement.

关键词： Autonomous underwater vehicle(AUV) Computational fluid dynamics(CFD) Solidworks flow simulation(SWFS) Drag polar curve Free-running experiments

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Anti-Radical and Neuroprotective Potential of <i>Ficus infectoria</i>in Scopolamine Induced Memory Impairment in Mice

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Advances in Alzheimer's Disease 2018年第2期7卷 62-77页

作者： Kiran Zahid Syed Muhammad faheem Ahmad Maqsood ahmed Farah Khan Department of Botany Lahore College for Women University Lahore Pakistan UVAS—University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore Pakistan Riphah International University Lahore Pakistan

Ficus infectoria has a wide distribution in Bangladesh, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Southwest China and Indochina and is an enrich source of phytochemicals thereby possess antibacterial, antifungal and hyperglycaemic activities. In this study, we attempted to examine the cognitive ability of methanolic and ethanolic extract of F. infectoria fruit extract in scopolamine induced memory impairment in mice by using preliminary phytochemical and antioxidant tests, and the cognitive ability of the methanolic and ethanolic fruit extract of F. infectoria. Fruit extract was analyzed in scopolamine amnesia mice using passive avoidance approach. Piracetam was used as a reference drug (200 mg/Kg). Further confirmation was provided by means of mice brain homogenate biochemical tests. Maximum phytochemical, antioxidant activity and nootropic ability were observed in the ethanolic fruit extract of F. infectoria. Plant extract was used at three doses i.e. 75 mg/Kg, 150 mg/Kg and 300 mg/Kg and exhibited nootropic abilities in all tests used. Enhanced SDL value i.e. (291.2 ± 0.33+++###) was observed by the administration of plant extract at all dose range in comparison to reference drug i.e. piracetam (252.8 ± 1.60###) used in the study. The plant extract utilization has showed increase in total protein (25.08 ± 0.26+++### mg/g of tissue) and reduced glutathione content (33.0 ± 0.46+++### nmoles/mg of protein) and vice versa while low malondialehyde (MDA) (9.18 ± 0.17+++### nmoles/mg of protein) and AChE activity (0.067 ± 0.009+++### M/min/g protein). However, opposite situation was observed in the scopolamine amnesia mice. Hence it was concluded the plant extract possessed neuroprotective activity in the scopolamine induced cognitive decline in mice thereby used as cost effective natural medicines in near future.

关键词： Antioxidant Malondialdehyde Reduced Glutathione Acetylcholinestrase Scopolamine Hydrobromide Neuroprotective Ficus infectoria

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