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Sero-Prevalence and Risk factors of Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia (CBPP) in Afgoye District Lower Shabelle Region, Somalia

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2024年第2期14卷 11-20页

作者： ahmed Mohamed ahmed Sumaya Hassan ali Abdisalam Mohamed ali Abdirazack Saleban Osman Binti Abubakar Mohamed Abdifatah Mohamud Ibar Shafii Abdullahi Mohamed Mohamed Abdelrahman Mohamed ahmed ali omar Zakaria Ibrahim Issack College of Veterinary Medicine Abrar University Mogadishu Somalia Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Husbandry Somali National University Mogadishu Somalia Faculty of Veterinary Science Benadir University Mogadishu Somalia

Contagious bovine Pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is an infectious and highly contagious respiratory disease of cattle and water buffalo, caused by the Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies mycoides. It induces significant economic losses and leads to a severe livestock production problem, negatively influencing people’s livelihoods of affected countries. In Somalia, there is no updated data on the prevalence and distribution of the disease. Hence, a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2022 to June 2023 in different villages under the Afgoye District of lower Shabelle region, Somalia. The main purpose of this study is to assess the sero-prevalence and identify the associated risk factors for the occurrence of the disease. In this study, villages, age, sex, breed, and body condition were considered as risk factors. A total of 90 blood samples were collected and tested in the laboratory using the Anti-CBPP Elisa kit test. Out of 90 serum samples from herd cattle, 32 were positive, resulting in an overall prevalence of 35.5%. In addition, we found a statistically significant variation between the prevalence of the disease and factors such as sex, age, body condition and breeds. In summary, the overall prevalence of Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia in this study area is worth to be considered because there is a low quality of health care and less awareness of the Contagious bovine Pleuropneumonia effects on herds, which warrants the official authorities to act and follow appropriate preventive and control measures to reduce the incidence of the disease and generate appropriate controlling and prevention measures in all regions of Somalia.

关键词： Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia Sero-Prevalence Cattle Somalia Mycoplasma Cross Sectional Study

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Prevalence of Mastitis and Associated Risk Factors in Lactating Camels (Camelus Dromedarius) on Dairy Farms in Benadir Region, Somalia

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2024年第6期14卷 111-123页

作者： Shafii Abdullahi Mohamed Mahad Mohamud Abdi Abdiaziz Idiris Mohamud Yonis Abukar Mohamed ahmed ali omar Abdirahman Barre Chandra Shaker Chouhan Md. Amimul Ehsan Faculty of Veterinary Science Benadir University Mogadishu Somalia Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Husbandry Somali National University Mogadishu Somalia Somali Animal Welfare Society (SAWS) Mogadishu Somalia Camel Research Center Mogadishu Somalia Department of Medicine Faculty of Veterinary Science Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh Bangladesh

The study took a comprehensive approach to understanding mastitis in lactating camels, a disease that significantly impacts milk quantity and quality. This complex and multifactorial disease poses a significant challenge to dairy camel farming, particularly in Somalia. The studys objective was to determine the prevalence of mastitis and the risk factors associated with it among lactating camels on dairy farms in Benadir, Somalia. To achieve this, a cross-sectional study was conducted from May to September 2022 in the Benadir region of Somalia. A total of 96 lactating camels underwent examination using the California Mastitis Test (CMT) to identify clinical and subclinical mastitis cases. Additionally, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 20 farm employees/owners to gather information on hygiene practices, parity, lactation stage, tick infestation, and the presence of udder/teat lesions. Data regarding parity and lactation stage were obtained through owner interviews. The data collected on specifically designed forms were recorded and entered into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet for analysis using SPSS version 20 statistical software, ensuring a comprehensive and reliable analysis of the data. The studys findings revealed a significant prevalence of camel mastitis, with 34.4% (33/96) of lactating camels affected and clinical and subclinical cases constituting 5.2% and 29.2%, respectively. Quarter-level prevalence was 46.3%, with clinical and subclinical mastitis at 4.7% and 41.6%, respectively. The study also identified significant associations (P < 0.05) among risk factors such as stage of lactation, parity, and age, indicating a higher susceptibility to mastitis in older camels during early lactation compared to those in late lactation and younger camels. These findings underscore the crucial role of inadequate hygienic conditions on camel farms and udder tick infestations in driving the elevated prevalence of mastitis, highlighting the need for improved manage

关键词： Mastitis Camel Prevalence Risk Factors Somalia

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Robust Sliding Mode Controller for Rotary Electro-hydraulic Servo Systems

Robust Sliding Mode Controller for Rotary Electro-hydraulic ...

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作者：扎克（Zakarya ali ahmed omar）东南大学

学位级别：硕士

控制技术的发展以及人们对机器人技术了解的增加,逐渐使机器人技术在人类活动的诸多领域中得到了应用。电机驱动、液压伺服驱动以及气压驱动等多种驱动方式被广泛运用于机器人的动力驱动中。其中,液压伺服驱动式机器人具有承载能力高、...

控制技术的发展以及人们对机器人技术了解的增加,逐渐使机器人技术在人类活动的诸多领域中得到了应用。电机驱动、液压伺服驱动以及气压驱动等多种驱动方式被广泛运用于机器人的动力驱动中。其中,液压伺服驱动式机器人具有承载能力高、适应性强、响应速度快等诸多优点,能够在很大程度上代替人类执行各种复杂的任务,具有广阔的应用前景。髋关节助力外骨骼机器人使用典型的弧形液压执行器驱动,用于帮助髋关节完成多种动作（例如跑步、爬升、弯腰和转身）所需的力量增强。这些电液伺服阀的流量压力特性和流量控制变化引起电液系统固有的非线性动态特性,使得电液伺服系统的控制精度和鲁棒性很难达到。因此,开发用于紧凑结构和大输出液压关节的高性能控制器一直是机器人领域的研究热点。滑模控制器（SMC）是一种应用广泛的非线性鲁棒控制器,它旨在减小或消除伺服系统参数的不确定性和髋关节外骨骼动力学非线性的影响。然而,大死区的存在会降低闭环系统的性能,导致系统不稳定而引发输出的不期望波动。此外,当这些高频欠阻尼振荡超过系统固有频率时,损坏致动器机械部件的风险增加。本文提出并将SMC与延迟补偿技术的结合,研究了两种方法:1)Smith Smith Predictor方案;2)时延估计（TDE）方案。这些延迟补偿技术与滑模控制相结合,消除了死区时间对系统性能的影响,同时,通过滑模控制克服了系统的非线性和固有参数不确定性。本论文有两个主要贡献:首先,设计一种鲁棒性滑模控制器,该控制器可计算系统的参数不确定性;其次,开发了延迟补偿技术以减轻死区时间或延迟时间对电液伺服系统闭环性能的影响。EHA系统是根据物理定律的理论建模的,它考虑了系统中非线性、不确定性和扰动的影响。在此基础上,提出了一种基于滑模控制律的鲁棒控制策略。针对具有非线性和模型不确定性的EHA系统,设计了相应的控制策略。SMC-SP方案中使用了典型电液伺服系统的ARX,SS和NLARX模型。实验结果证明了所提出控制器的鲁棒性。建议的SMC控制器迫使关节连杆跟踪所需路径,实现了平滑跟踪的同时并减少了稳态误差。然后,通过改变未建模的负载质量,测试了系统对参数不确定性的鲁棒性,并对结果进行了比较。最后,通过人工改变传输延迟周期来测试所提出的延迟补偿方案,比较了常规PID控制器和所提出方法的控制效果。结果表明,所提出的控制方法保证了执行器在大参数不确定性和死区/延迟时间下的鲁棒性和稳定性,能够比传统方法控制的系统获得了更好的跟踪性能。

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Secure and Reliable Routing in the Internet of Vehicles Network:AODV-RL with BHA Attack Defense

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第4期139卷 633-659页

作者： Nadeem ahmed Khalid Mohammadani ali Kashif Bashir Marwan omar Angel Jones Fayaz Hassan School of Electronic Science Beijing University of Post and TelecommunicationBeijing100086China Department of Computer Science Huanggang Normal UniversityHuanggangChina Department of Computing and Mathematics Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterUK Woxsen School of Business Woxsen UniversityHyderabad502345India Department of Computer Science and Mathematics Lebanese American UniversityBeirutLebanon Information Technology and Management Illinois Institute of TechnologyChicagoUSA College of Computing Capital Technology UniversityLaurelUSA

Wireless technology is transforming the future of transportation through the development of the Internet of Vehicles(IoV).However,intricate security challenges are intertwinedwith technological progress:Vehicular ad hoc Networks(VANETs),a core component of IoV,face security issues,particularly the Black Hole Attack(BHA).This malicious attack disrupts the seamless flow of data and threatens the network’s overall reliability;also,BHA strategically disrupts communication pathways by dropping data packets from legitimate nodes *** the importance of this challenge,we have introduced a new solution called ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector-Reputation-based mechanism Local Outlier Factor(AODV-RL).The significance of AODVRL lies in its unique approach:it verifies and confirms the trustworthiness of network components,providing robust protection against *** additional safety layer is established by implementing the Local Outlier Factor(LOF),which detects and addresses abnormal network *** testing of our solution has revealed its remarkable ability to enhance communication in ***,Our experimental results achieve message delivery ratios of up to 94.25%andminimal packet loss ratios of just 0.297%.Based on our experimental results,the proposedmechanismsignificantly improves VANET communication reliability and *** results promise a more secure and dependable future for IoV,capable of transforming transportation safety and efficiency.

关键词： Black hole attack IoV vehicular ad hoc network AODV routing protocol

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Experimental Study on Heat Storage Properties Comparison of Paraffin/Metal Foams Phase Change Material Composites

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第2期33卷 469-478页

作者： Waqar ahmed Abid HUSSAIN Hanzla SHAHID Imran ali Hafiz Muhammad ali Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyTaxila47080Pakistan Department of Mechanical Engineering Institute of Space TechnologyIslamabadPakistan Department of Mechanical Mechatronics and Manufacturing EngineeringUniversity of Engineering and Technology LahoreFaisalabad CampusPunjabPakistan Mechanical Engineering Department King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia Interdisciplinary Research Center for Renewable Energy and Power Systems(IRC-REPS) King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia

Heat storage properties of phase change materials(PCMs) are essential characteristics that perform a key role in thermal heat energy storage *** thermal properties of PCMs can be improved by developing metal foam/PCM *** addition of metal foam in PCMs has a significant effect on the thermal characteristics of *** this paper,the heat storage properties of two different metal foam/PCM composites were experimentally *** behavior of paraffin in metal foam(copper and iron-nickel)/paraffin composites concerning pure paraffin at a constant heat flux of 1000 W/m^(2) in three directions simultaneously(x,y,and z) was *** was infiltrated into copper and iron-nickel foams to develop composite materials which resulted in enhancing the thermal conductivity of the paraffin.A comparative analysis is made on the heat storage properties of paraffin in copper and iron-nickel foams/paraffin *** temperature distribution during the phase transition process is experimentally *** comparison indicates that temperature uniformity in copper foam/paraffin composite is better than in iron-nickel foam/paraffin composite and pure paraffin at the same heat *** results show that at heat flux of 1000 W/m^(2),the heat storage time for copper foam/paraffin composite is 20.63% of that of iron-nickel foam/paraffin composite.

关键词： heat storage capacity paraffin/metal foam composite temperature uniformity heat storage rate phase transition process

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Explicit solutions to the time-fractional generalized dissipative Kawahara equation

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2024年第4期9卷 348-352页

作者： Marwan Alquran Mohammed ali omar Alshboul Department of Mathematics and Statistics Jordan University of Science and TechnologyIrbid 22110Jordan

In this paper,the generalized dissipative Kawahara equation in the sense of conformable fractional derivative is presented and solved by applying the tanh-coth-expansion and sine-cosine function *** quadratic-case and cubic-case are investigated for the proposed *** solutions are obtained with highlighting to the effect of the presence of the alternative fractional-derivative and the effect of the added dissipation term to the generalized Kawahara *** graphical analysis is presented to support the findings of the ***,we believe that the obtained results in this work will be important and valuable in nonlinear sciences and ocean engineering.

关键词： Time-fractional Kawahara equation Conformable-derivative Tanh-coth-expansion method Sine-cosine function method

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Advanced Optimized Anomaly Detection System for IoT Cyberattacks Using Artificial Intelligence

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 1525-1545页

作者： ali Hamid Farea omar H.Alhazmi Kerem Kucuk Department of Computer Science Taibah UniversityMedina42315Saudi Arabia Department of Software Engineering Kocaeli UniversityKocaeli41001Turkey

While emerging technologies such as the Internet of Things(IoT)have many benefits,they also pose considerable security challenges that require innovative solutions,including those based on artificial intelligence(AI),given that these techniques are increasingly being used by malicious actors to compromise IoT *** an ample body of research focusing on conventional AI methods exists,there is a paucity of studies related to advanced statistical and optimization approaches aimed at enhancing security *** contribute to this nascent research stream,a novel AI-driven security system denoted as“AI2AI”is presented in this ***2AI employs AI techniques to enhance the performance and optimize security mechanisms within the IoT *** also introduce the Genetic Algorithm Anomaly Detection and Prevention Deep Neural Networks(GAADPSDNN)sys-tem that can be implemented to effectively identify,detect,and prevent cyberattacks targeting IoT ***,this system demonstrates adaptability to both federated and centralized learning environments,accommodating a wide array of IoT *** evaluation of the GAADPSDNN system using the recently complied WUSTL-IIoT and Edge-IIoT datasets underscores its *** an impressive overall accuracy of 98.18%on the Edge-IIoT dataset,the GAADPSDNN outperforms the standard deep neural network(DNN)classifier with 94.11%***,with the proposed enhancements,the accuracy of the unoptimized random forest classifier(80.89%)is improved to 93.51%,while the overall accuracy(98.18%)surpasses the results(93.91%,94.67%,94.94%,and 94.96%)achieved when alternative systems based on diverse optimization techniques and the same dataset are *** proposed optimization techniques increase the effectiveness of the anomaly detection system by efficiently achieving high accuracy and reducing the computational load on IoT devices through the adaptive selection of active features.

关键词： Internet of Things security anomaly detection and prevention system artificial intelligence optimization techniques

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Sustainable pathways to ammonia:a comprehensive review of green production approaches

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Clean Energy 2024年第2期8卷 60-72页

作者： Hafiz Sharjeel ahmed Zaid Yahya Waqar ali khan ali Faraz University of Engineering and Technology(UET) LahorePakistan Chemical Engineering Department NFC Institute of Engineering and Fertilizer ResearchFaislabadPakistan Chemical Engineering Department Punjab UniversityLahorePakistan

Ammonia production is vital in global industries but faces increasing environmental concerns,necessitating a shift towards sustainable *** review comprehensively explores diverse hydrogen production approaches and their potential impact on sustainable ammonia *** primary focus is investigating hydrogen production methods that enhance both efficiency and sustainability in ammonia synthesis,which is crucial for reducing its environmental ***,the review highlights the pivotal role of catalysts in improving Faradaic efficiency in ammonia synthesis,emphasizing their significance in overall process *** study identifies innovative technologies that have the potential to revolutionize ammonia production while aligning with global sustainability *** a thorough examination of hydrogen production methods and catalytic advances,this review provides valuable insight into greener and more efficient ammonia production *** conclusion,it emphasizes the importance of exploring hydrogen production methods and leveraging catalysts to improve ammonia production sustainability and *** addresses a critical research gap and paves the way for an environmentally responsible and globally aligned ammonia production industry.

关键词： ammonia production green alternatives sustainability catalyst

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Prevalence of Bovine Tuberculosis in Sheep at Sadar and Parbatipur Upazila under Dinajpur District in Bangladesh

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2021年第11期11卷 315-326页

作者： ahmed ali omar S. M. Harun-ur-Rashid Md. Haydar ali Binti Abubakar Mohamed Head of Lab at Someat Company Mogadishu Somalia Faculty of Veterinary Science in Benadir University Mogadishu Somalia Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science Department of Pathology and Parasitology in Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University Dinajpur Bangladesh Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Husbandry at Horsed International University Mogadishu Somalia

Tuberculosis is Zoonotic disease and infected animals continue to spread the disease to other animals and humans by excreting the germs in milk, meat, feces, and respiratory droplets, this study used bPPD (Bovine purified protein derivative) to observe TST (Tuberculin skin test) reactivity in the Sheep population in the Sadar and Parbatipur Upazilas of Dinajpur District. The research conducted from January to June of 2018. There is no history for sheep tuberculosis in the study area. Overall, 5 percent (7/140) of 140 sheep were positive, 15% (21/140) were doubtful, and 80% (112/140) were negative based on sex, age, breed, and body condition score, while lactation stage and reproduction status prevalence was 6.4 percent, 14.9 percent, and 78.7% positive, doubtful, and negative, respectively. Our findings suggest the presence of a skin test reaction response when employing the bPPD reagent, but this needs to be validated by pathological and serological techniques. Nevertheless, my preliminary investigation suggests that abattoirs must implement effective control systems and raise public awareness.

关键词： Sheep Tuberculosis Tuberculin Skin Test bPPD Reagent

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Impacts of multiple demand-side management strategies on microgrids planning:a literature survey

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Clean Energy 2024年第1期8卷 36-54页

作者： Rasha Elazab ahmed T.Abdelnaby A.A.ali Electrical Power and Machines Department Faculty of Engineering at Helwan UniversityCairoEgypt

Demand-side management(DSM)schemes play a crucial role in managing renewable energy generation and load fluctuations by uti-lizing demand-response programmes(DRPs).This paper aims to provide a detailed overview of DRPs that help microgrid operators to keep costs and reliability within acceptable ***,this review paper provides a detailed economic load model for DRPs based on initial load,demand-response(DR)incentive,DR penalty and elasticity *** article also aims to guide researchers in identifying research gaps in DSM applications in microgrids by comparing various DSM schemes from different countries and regions in terms of DSM strategies,objective functions and optimization ***,this study analyses the impact of DRPs on microgrid configuration from the perspective of utilities and customers,considering technical and economic performance *** a result,it can be concluded that none of the studied cases provides models or guidelines for choosing appropriate DSM schemes that consider different consumer interests or load-type ***,a few researchers have addressed the features of a modern price-based DR strategy,renewable generation-based dynamic pricing DR,which offers higher customer satisfaction than traditional DRPs.

关键词： demand-side management optimal sizing demand-response strategies renewable generation-based dynamic pricing

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