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Pregnancy stressors and postpartum symptoms of depression and anxiety:the moderating role of a cognitivebehavioural therapy(CBT)intervention

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General Psychiatry 2024年第1期37卷 112-121页

作者： Yunxiang Sun Soim Park Abid malik Najia Atif ahmed Zaidi Atif Rahman Pamela J Surkan Department of International Health Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA Department of Public Mental Health Health Services AcademyIslamabadPakistan Human Development Research Foundation RawalpindiPakistan Department of Primary Care and Mental Health Institute of Population HealthUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK

Background Little is known about the association between stressors(especially positive stressors)during pregnancy and postpartum depression and *** We investigated the association between positive and negative stress events during different stages of pregnancy and postpartum mental health outcomes among low-income pregnant women with symptoms of anxiety in Pakistan and evaluated whether an intervention based on cognitive behavioural therapy(CBT)had a regulatory *** Participants were 621 pregnant Pakistani women with mild *** the Pregnancy Experience Scale-Brief Version,six scores were created to assess positive and negative *** performed a multivariate linear regression to examine whether these six scores,measured both at baseline and in the third trimester,were associated with postpartum anxiety and depressive *** effect of the intervention on this relationship was examined by adding an interaction term to the regression *** Hassles frequency measured in the third trimester was positively associated with depression(B=0.22,95%confidence interval(Cl):0.09 to 0.36)and anxiety(B=0.19,95%Cl:0.08to 0.30).At the same timepoint,uplifts intensity was negatively associated with symptoms of depression(B=-0.82,95%Cl:1.46 to-0.18)and anxiety(B=-0.70,95%Cl:-1.25 to-0.15),whereas hassles intensity was positively related to symptoms of depression(B=1.02,95%Cl:0.36 to 1.67)and anxiety(B=0.90,95%Cl:0.34 to 1.47).The intensity ratio of hassles to uplifts reported in the third trimester was positively related to both depression(B=1.40,95%Cl:0.59 to 2.20)and anxiety(B=1.26,95%Cl:0.57 to 1.96).The intervention strengthened the overall positive effects of uplfts and the negative effects of *** experiences at baseline during early pregnancy to mid-pregnancy were not associated with mental health *** Stressors in the third trimester but not earlier in pregnancy were associated with postpartum symptoms

关键词： postpartum stress behaviour

Cambrian integrative stratigraphy,biotas,and paleogeographical evolution of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第4期67卷 950-970页

作者： Zhixin SUN Lang SUN Fangchen ZHAO Bing PAN malik Muhammad Saud Sajid KHAN Shehryar ahmed Chuan YANG Lanyun MIAO Zongjun YIN Guoxiang LI Maoyan ZHU State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and PalaeontologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas have a long and complex tectonic evolutionary *** and blocks,such as northern India,Lhasa,Qiangtang,Qaidam and Central Qilian,and their in-between orogenic belts constitute the main part of the Qinghai-Tibetan *** the Cambrian Period,most of these cratons and blocks were on the northwestern periphery of Gondwana,and were associated with the surrounding blocks,***,Central Iran,Afghanistan,Tarim,Alxa,North China,South China and Sibumasu through the Proto-Tethys *** Cambrian stratigraphic sequences on these stable blocks are composed of mixed siliciclastic and carbonate rocks deposited in the shallow-water marine environments,and contain the trilobite assemblages of shelf *** Cambrian stratigraphic sequences in the Qilian tectonic belts,however,are characterized by the intermediate-basic igneous rocks and silicates formed in the Proto-Tethys Ocean,and contain the trilobite assemblages of deep-water slope *** with previous data,field observations and newly discovered fossils through funding by the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research,the general characteristics of the Cambrian strata in different tectonic units of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas have been summarized in this ***,efforts have been made to subdivide and correlate the Cambrian strata across these areas by utilizing available biostratigraphic and geochronological *** a result,a comprehensive litho-and biostratigraphy chart has been ***,from the biogeographic perspective,this paper also provides a brief overview of the Cambrian paleogeographical reconstruction of the major tectonic blocks,and discusses the problems associated with the evolution of the ProtoTethys tectonic belt.

关键词： Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Cambrian Stratigraphy Paleogeography Biota Gondwana Proto-Tethys Ocean

Cryogenian and Ediacaran integrative stratigraphy,biotas,and paleogeographical evolution of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第4期67卷 919-949页

作者： Lang SUN malik Muhammad Saud Sajid KHAN Chuan YANG Zhixin SUN Bing PAN Shehryar ahmed Lanyun MIAO Weichen SUN Chunlin HU Xiaojuan SUN Cui LUO Bo CHEN Zongjun YIN Fangchen ZHAO Guoxiang LI Maoyan ZHU State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and PalaeontologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The complex evolutionary history of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas,including the continental blocks(Indian,Lhasa,South Qiangtang,Tarim,Olongbuluk,Central Qilian,Alxa,North China,Yangtze,Central Iran and Oman)and the orogenic belts between them,has long been the frontier in Earth science *** Cryogenian and Ediacaran strata are extensively distributed in these ***,relatively complete Cryogenian and Ediacaran successions have been discovered in Oman,Indian,Yangtze,and Tarim blocks,while only the Ediacaran successions have been reported in Iran,the South Qiangtang,Central Qilian,Alxa,and North China *** on previous studies together with the integration of new materials and advancement obtained through the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research,this review aims to synthesize a correlative stratigraphic framework of the representative Cryogenian and Ediacaran sequences from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding ***,the Cryogenian and Ediacaran biotas and major geological events in these areas are comprehensively discussed in aspects of current research *** results indicate that,in general,Ediacaran fossils of each area exhibit distinct features in preservation and assemblage composition,but the typical late Ediacaran fossils Cloudina and Shaanxilithes have been reported from most of these *** addition to the two global Cryogenian glaciations,late Ediacaran glaciogenic deposits are extensively recorded in the areas within and around the northern QinghaiTibetan Plateau(including the North China,Alxa,Central Qilian,Olongbuluk,and Tarim blocks,and the North Qilian Accretionary Belt),as well as central and southern ***,further research is required to determine the age,distribution,and origin of these late Ediacaran glaciogenic ***,the middle Ediacaran DOUNCE/Shuram Excursion is widely documented in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its surroundi

关键词： Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Cryogenian Ediacaran Stratigraphy Palaeogeography Biota Gondwana

National guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第9期30卷 1018-1042页

作者： Faisal Saud Dar Zaigham abbas Irfan ahmed Muhammad Atique Usman Iqbal Aujla Muhammad Azeemuddin Zeba Aziz Abu Bakar Hafeez Bhatti Tariq Ali Bangash Amna Subhan Butt Osama Tariq Butt Abdul Wahab Dogar Javed Iqbal Farooqi Faisal Hanif Jahanzaib Haider Siraj Haider Syed Mujahid Hassan Adnan Abdul Jabbar Aman Nawaz Khan Muhammad Shoaib Khan Muhammad Yasir Khan Amer Latif Nasir Hassan Luck Ahmad Karim malik Kamran Rashid Sohail Rashid Mohammad Salih Abdullah Saeed Amjad Salamat Ghias-un-Nabi Tayyab Aasim Yusuf Haseeb Haider Zia Ammara Naveed Department of Hepatopancreatic Biliary Surgery&Liver Transplant Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute&Research CentreLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Hepatogastroenterology and Liver Transplantation Dr.Ziauddin University HospitalKarachi 75600SindhPakistan University of Aberdeen Aberdeen B243FXUnited Kingdom Department of Pathology Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute&Research CentreLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Gastroenterology&Hepatology Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute&Research CentreLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Radiology Aga Khan UniversityKarachi 74800Pakistan Department of Oncology Hameed Latif HospitalLahore 54000Pakistan Division of Hepatopancreatic Biliary Surgery&Liver Transplantation Shifa International HospitalIslamabad 44000Pakistan Department of Hepatopancreatic Biliary Surgery&Liver Transplant Shaikh Zayed Hospital and Post Graduate Medical InstituteLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Medicine Aga Khan University HospitalKarachi 74800Pakistan Department of Liver Transplant Pir Abdul Qadir Shah Jeelani Institute of Medical SciencesGambat 66020Pakistan Department of Medicine&Gastroenterology Lifecare Hospital and Research CentrePeshawar 25000Khyber PakhtunkhwaPakistan Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary&Liver Transplant Bahria International HospitalLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Surgery Hepatopancreatobiliary&Liver TransplantDow University of Health SciencesKarachi 74800Pakistan Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology&NutritionPir Abdul Qadir Shah Jeelani Institute of Medical SciencesGambat 66020Pakistan Department of Oncology Dr.Ziauddin HospitalKarachi 74800Pakistan Department of Radiology Rehman Medical InstitutePeshawar 25000Pakistan Army Liver Transplant Unit Pak Emirates Military HospitalRawalpindi 46000Pakistan Department of Gastroenterology Sindh Institute of Urology and TransplantationKarachi 75500Pakistan Rashid Nursing Home and Cancer Clinic Rashid Nursing Home and Cancer ClinicRawalpindi 46000Pakistan Department of Gastroentero

A consensus meeting of national experts from all major national hepatobiliary centres in the country was held on May 26,2023,at the Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute&Research Centre(PKLI&RC)after initial consultations with the *** Pakistan Society for the Study of Liver Diseases(PSSLD)and PKLI&RC jointly organised this *** effort was based on a comprehensive literature review to establish national practice guidelines for hilar cholangiocarcinoma(hCCA).The consensus was that hCCA is a complex disease and requires a multidisciplinary team approach to best manage these *** coordinated effort can minimise delays and give patients a chance for curative treatment and effective *** diagnostic and staging workup includes high-quality computed tomography,magnetic resonance imaging,and magnetic resonance *** cytology or biopsy utilizing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is a mainstay for ***,histopathologic confirmation is not always required before *** ultrasound with fine needle aspiration of regional lymph nodes and positron emission tomography scan are valuable adjuncts for *** only curative treatment is the surgical resection of the biliary tree based on the Bismuth-Corlette *** patients with unresectable hCCA can be considered for liver *** chemotherapy should be offered to patients with a high risk of *** use of preoperative biliary drainage and the need for portal vein embolisation should be based on local multidisciplinary *** with acute cholangitis can be drained with endoscopic or percutaneous biliary *** chemotherapy with cisplatin and gemcitabine has shown improved survival in patients with irresectable and recurrent hCCA.

关键词： Hilar cholangiocarcinoma Bismuth-Corlette classification Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Centre Staging Preoperative biliary drainage Portal vein embolisation Surgical resection Hepatectomy

青藏高原及其周边寒武纪综合地层、生物群与古地理演化

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中国科学：地球科学 2024年第4期54卷 968-991页

作者：孙智新孙郎赵方臣潘兵 malik Muhammad Saud Sajid KHAN Shehryar ahmed 杨传苗兰云殷宗军李国祥朱茂炎中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所现代古生物学和地层学国家重点实验室南京210008 中国科学院大学地球与行星科学学院北京100049

青藏高原及其周边地区具有漫长且复杂的构造演化历史.印度北部、拉萨、羌塘、柴达木、中祁连等大小不同的克拉通和地块,以及位于它们之间的造山带构成了青藏高原的主体.寒武纪时期,这些克拉通和地块大多位于冈瓦纳大陆的西北缘,并以发... 详细信息

青藏高原及其周边地区具有漫长且复杂的构造演化历史.印度北部、拉萨、羌塘、柴达木、中祁连等大小不同的克拉通和地块,以及位于它们之间的造山带构成了青藏高原的主体.寒武纪时期,这些克拉通和地块大多位于冈瓦纳大陆的西北缘,并以发育与原特提斯洋有关的复杂岩浆-构造运动而与周边的阿拉伯、中伊朗、阿富汗、塔里木、阿拉善、华北、华南和滇缅马等构造单元相关联.从地层记录上看,这一时期区域内的大部分稳定陆块上发育了由陆源碎屑岩和碳酸盐岩组成的浅水陆棚沉积,其中包含面貌相近的典型浅水相三叶虫组合.而在原特提斯洋中的祁连构造带,寒武系则是一套在大洋扩张环境下形成的、以中基性火山岩和硅质岩为主的复杂地层序列,其中包含的碳酸盐岩含有斜坡相三叶虫组合.本文在广泛文献调研的基础上,结合第二次青藏高原综合科学考察中的野外观察及新获得的化石证据,对青藏高原及其周边地区不同构造单元上寒武纪地层发育的总体特征进行了概述.在此基础上,利用可获得的生物地层学和同位素年代学等资料,总结了不同构造单元上寒武纪地层的划分和年代地层对比,编制了岩石和生物地层的综合对比表.此外,从生物古地理的角度,简要讨论了寒武纪研究区内主要构造单元的古地理相关性,以及与原特提斯构造带演变有关的问题.

关键词：青藏高原寒武系地层古地理生物群冈瓦纳大陆原特提斯洋

青藏高原及其周边成冰纪-埃迪卡拉纪综合地层、生物群与古地理演化

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中国科学：地球科学 2024年第4期54卷 936-967页

作者：孙郎 malik Muhammad Saud Sajid KHAN 杨传孙智新潘兵 Shehryar ahmed 苗兰云孙玮辰胡春林孙晓娟罗翠陈波殷宗军赵方臣李国祥朱茂炎中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所现代古生物学和地层学国家重点实验室南京210008 中国科学院大学地球与行星科学学院北京100049

青藏高原及其周边的块体,包括印度板块、拉萨地块、羌塘地块、塔里木板块、欧龙布鲁克地块、中祁连地块、阿拉善地块、华北板块、扬子板块、中伊朗地块和阿曼等,以及各块体之间造山带的复杂演化历史是地球科学研究的前沿和热点.成冰系... 详细信息

青藏高原及其周边的块体,包括印度板块、拉萨地块、羌塘地块、塔里木板块、欧龙布鲁克地块、中祁连地块、阿拉善地块、华北板块、扬子板块、中伊朗地块和阿曼等,以及各块体之间造山带的复杂演化历史是地球科学研究的前沿和热点.成冰系和埃迪卡拉系广泛分布于该地区的各个构造单元,其中阿曼、印度板块、扬子板块以及塔里木板块发育有相对完整的成冰系和埃迪卡拉系;而在中伊朗地块、南羌塘地块、中祁连地块、阿拉善地块及华北板块,目前已知仅有埃迪卡拉系发育.基于前人对青藏高原及其周边地区成冰系和埃迪卡拉系的研究,结合第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目开展以来获得的新资料和研究进展,本文建立了该地区成冰系和埃迪卡拉系代表性地层序列对比表.在此基础上,本文梳理了该地区这一时期生物群和重大地质事件的研究现状和存在的问题.结果表明,该地区各板块埃迪卡拉纪化石的保存和组合面貌各具特色,但普遍发现有典型埃迪卡拉纪末期化石分子Cloudina和Shaanxilithes;除成冰纪两次全球性冰期事件外,在青藏高原北缘各块体(华北板块、阿拉善地块、北祁连构造带、中祁连地块、欧龙布鲁克地块、塔里木板块)以及伊朗中南部普遍记录了一次埃迪卡拉纪晚期的冰川事件,但该事件的时限、分布范围和成因有待进一步揭示;同时,埃迪卡拉纪中期DOUNCE/Shruam碳同位素负异常事件在青藏高原周边地区也具有广泛记录.综合现有研究资料发现,在成冰纪-埃迪卡拉纪期间,青藏高原及其周边地区大多数块体从罗迪尼亚超大陆裂解出来后,可能通过泛非运动构成东冈瓦纳大陆的一部分,而部分板块(如华北板块)位于冈瓦纳大陆和劳伦大陆之间.总体而言,该地区的主要块体在成冰纪-埃迪卡拉纪期间具体的古地理演化模型存在较多争议,亟需开展进一步的研究工作.

关键词：青藏高原成冰系埃迪卡拉系地层古地理生物群冈瓦纳大陆

Accurate Location Estimation of Smart Dusts Using Machine Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第6期71卷 6165-6181页

作者： Shariq Bashir Owais ahmed malik Daphne Teck Ching Lai Institute of Applied Data Analytics(IADA) Universiti Brunei Darussalam(UBD)GadongBE1410Brunei Darussalam School of Digital Sciences(SDS) Universiti Brunei Darussalam(UBD)GadongBE1410Brunei Darussalam

Traditional wireless sensor networks(WSNs)are not suitable for rough terrains that are difficult or impossible to access by *** dust is a technology that works with the combination of many tiny sensors which is highly useful for obtaining remote sensing information from rough *** tiny sensors are sprinkled in large numbers on rough terrains using airborne distribution through drones or aircraftwithout manually setting their *** it is clear that a number of remote sensing applications can benefit from this technology,but the small size of smart dust fundamentally restricts the integration of advanced hardware on tiny *** raises many challenges including how to estimate the location of events sensed by the smart *** solutions on estimating the location of events sensed by the smart dusts are not suitable for monitoring rough terrains as these solutions depend on relay sensors and laser patterns which have their own limitations in terms of power constraint and uneven *** study proposes a novel machine learning based localization algorithm for estimating the location of *** approach utilizes timestamps(time of arrival)of sensed events received at base stations by assembling them into a multidimensional vector and input to a machine learning classifier for estimating the *** to the unavailability of real smart dusts,we built a simulator for analysing the accuracy of the proposed approach formonitoring forest *** experiments on the simulator show reasonable accuracy of the approach.

关键词： Smart dust sensor localization remote sensing machine learning algorithms Internet of Things sensor applications

COVID-19 and Learning Styles: GCET as Case Study

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第7期68卷 103-115页

作者： Mazhar Hussain malik Sid ahmed Amjed Sulaiman Al Hasani Department of Computing and Information Technology Global College of Engineering and TechnologyMuscatSultanate of Oman Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Global College of Engineering and TechnologyMuscatSultanate of Oman

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused higher educational institutions around the world to close campus-based activities and move to online *** aim of this paper is to present the case of Global College of Engineering and Technology(GCET)and how its practices including teaching,students/staff support,assessments,and exam policies were *** paper investigates the mediating role of no detriment policy impact on students’result along with the challenges faced by the higher educational institution,recommendations and *** investigation concludes that the strategies adopted for online delivery,student support,assessments and exam policies have helped students to effectively cope with the teaching and learning challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic without affecting their academic *** study shows that 99%of students were able to maintain the same or better level of performance during the 1st COVID-19 *** percent of students had shown a slight decrease in their performance(about 1%–2%)with respect to their overall marks *** no detriment policy has succoured those 1%of the students to maintain their overall performance to what it used to be pre-COVID-19 ***,the paper provides the list of challenges and suggestions for smooth conduction of online education.

关键词： Higher education learning styles COVID-19 challenges and strategies no detriment policy engineering and technology modules

IPv6 Cryptographically Generated Address:Analysis,Optimization and Protection

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第7期68卷 247-265页

作者： Amjed Sid ahmed Rosilah Hassan Faizan Qamar Mazhar malik Department of Computing and Information Technology Global College of Engineering and TechnologyRuwi112Sultanate of Oman Faculty of Information Science and Technology Center for Cyber SecurityUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaBangi43600Malaysia Faculty of Information Science and Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600BangiMalaysia

In networking,one major difficulty that nodes suffer from is the need for their addresses to be generated and verified without relying on a third party or public authorized *** resolve this issue,the use of selfcertifying addresses have become a highly popular and standardized method,of which Cryptographically Generated Addresses(CGA)is a prime *** was primarily designed to deter the theft of IPv6 addresses by binding the generated address to a public key to prove address *** though the CGA technique is highly effective,this method is still subject to several vulnerabilities with respect to security,in addition to certain limitations in its *** this study,the authors present an intensive systematic review of the literature to explore the technical specifications of CGA,its challenges,and existing proposals to enhance the *** that CGA generation is a time-consuming process,this limitation has hampered the application of CGA in mobile environments where nodes have limited energy and *** Hash2 conditions in CGA is the heaviest and most timeconsuming part of *** improve the performance of CGA,we replaced the Secure Hash Algorithm(SHA1)with the Message Digest(MD5)hash ***,this study also analyzes the possible methods through which a CGA could be *** conducting this analysis,Denial-of-Service(DoS)attacks were identified as the main method of attack toward the CGA verification process,which compromise and threaten the privacy of ***,we propose some modifications to the CGA standard verification algorithm to mitigate DoS attacks and to make CGA more security conscious.

关键词： IPv6 GCA SEND DoS attacks RSA SHA-1