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Effect of prisms on visual acuity,contrast sensitivity and nystagmus in patients with albinism

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第10期17卷 1864-1868页

作者： Maryam Dashti Abbas Riazi Majid ashrafi Saeed Rahmani Seyyed Mehdi Tabatabaei Department of Optometry School of RehabilitationShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehran ***Iran Department of Optometry School of RehabilitationIran University of Medical SciencesTehran ***Iran Department of Audiology School of RehabilitationShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehran ***Iran School of Rehabilitation Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehran ***Iran

AIM:To investigate the effect of using base-out prisms on nystagmus,visual acuity and contrast sensitivity in patients with ***:In this interventional study,patients with albinism who had nystagmus were enrolled.A comprehensive eye exam was conducted,which included refraction,assessment of far and near vision acuity,and contrast sensitivity *** check for the nystagmus,a videonystagmography was *** tests were carried out in three modes:without any correction,with optical correction,and with correction using base-out prisms in three different powers,including 4,6,and 8 prism ***:Totally 23 patients with average age of 28.65±12.13 were *** was found that the use of optical correction and optical correction with prisms resulted in a statistically significant improvement in both far(at least:P<0.006)and near visual acuity(at least:P<0.001 except for prism 8;P<0.02).In addition,contrast sensitivity significantly improved at all low and medium frequencies except for correction with prism 8 in frequency 1.5(at least:P<0.01 except for prism 4,frequency 6;P=0.04).no significant improvement was observed in the evaluation of nystagmus ***:Optical correction with a prism can improve visual acuity and some spatial frequencies,but failed to improve nystagmus parameters.

关键词： nystagmus albinism prism

Comparison of Measurements for Enhanced Diffusion Problem in Chemical Reaction Systems

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第14期42卷 1659-1664页

作者： ah-Young Jee Ziyang Wen Huan Wang Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences College of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringBeijing Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry&Physics of Ministry of EducationPeking UniversityBeijing100871 China

The problem of molecular diffusion in the soup of chemical reactions attracts mounting interest across fields ranging from chemistry to biophysics to material *** reactions involve bond breakup and formation,whose time scale is typically on the orders of fs to ps,while molecular diffusion occurs at time scales ofμs to *** two processes are often considered orthogonal,given the vastly different *** serial results show that the enzyme's diffusion is enhanced in a substrate-dependent manner,which was further extended to small molecule reaction systems,challenging this classical ***,the results from different groups using different techniques do not quantitatively agree,and a general mechanism is yet to be *** summarize experimental studies on diffusion problems and seek to reconcile the interpretation with understanding the limits of measurement tools and the chemical nature of reaction *** molecular diffusion in chemical reactions will provide fresh thoughts in designing chemical systems such as molecular machines that harvest work at the nanoscale in a controllable manner.

关键词： Molecular diffusion Chemical reactions Enzyme reactions Active matter Diffusion measurements Single-molecule studies Fluorescence Time-resolved spectroscopy

Advancements in hemostatic strategies for managing upper gastrointestinal bleeding: A comprehensive review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第15期30卷 2087-2090页

作者： ah Young Lee Joo Young Cho Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineCha Gangnam Medical CenterCha University College of MedicineSeoul 06135Korea

Upper gastrointestinal(GI)hemorrhage presents a substantial clinical *** management typically involves resuscitation and endoscopy within 24 h,although the benefit of very early endoscopy(<12 h)for high-risk patients is *** goals include stopping acute bleeding,preventing rebleeding,and using a multimodal approach encompassing endoscopic,pharmacological,angiographic,and surgical *** agents such as vasopressin,prostaglandins,and proton pump inhibitors are effective,but the increase in antithrombotic use has increased GI bleeding *** hemostasis,particularly for nonvariceal bleeding,employs techniques such as electrocoagu-lation and heater probes,with concerns over tissue injury from monopolar *** methods such as Hemospray and Endoclot show promise in creating mechanical tamponades but have ***,the first-line therapy includes thermal probes and hemoclips,with over-the-scope clips emerging for larger ulcer *** gold probe,combining bipolar electrocoagulation and injection,offers targeted coagulation but has faced device-related *** advancements involve combining techniques and improving endoscopic imaging,with studies exploring combined approaches showing *** research is crucial for developing standardized and effective hemorrhage management strategies.

关键词： Upper gastrointestinal bleeding Hemostasis Endoscopy Probe Spray Clip

An updated inventory of marine opisthobranch(Mollusca,Gastropoda)from the territorial waters of the Republic of Mauritius

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第1期42卷 226-243页

作者： Lisa ah SHEE TEE Chandani APPADOO Daneshwar PUCHOOA Vishwakalyan BHOYROO Department of Agricultural&Food Science Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of MauritiusRéduit 80837Mauritius Department of Biosciences&Ocean Studies Pole of Research Excellence Sustainable Marine BiodiversityFaculty of ScienceUniversity of MauritiusRéduit 80837Mauritius

Island ecosystems support diverse aquatic invertebrate communities comprising endemic *** of existing species is important for *** this study,a checklist of marine opisthobranch from the Republic of Mauritius is presented.A combination of benthic surveys(50 m×5 m in triplicates),rover diving techniques and photo documentation were used over two years(2018–2020)within 35 sheltered and unsheltered *** and molecular analysis were used for *** composition within sheltered and unsheltered areas in Mauritius was estimated using the Bray-Curtis *** checklist featured 117 species belonging to 61 genera and 28families,of which 13 are new *** findings increased the knowledge of opisthobranch diversity from the Mauritius by 15.4%.Among the listed species,the distribution range of Cyerce nigra,Actinocyclus papillatus,and Phyllidia picta extended from the Western Pacific to the South Western Indian *** analysis of the undescribed Gymnodoris *** it resembled Gymnodoris *** Hawaii and were different by a genetic distance value of 10.6%.The species richness and evenness were higher within the sheltered regions of Mauritius which harboured the food resource of *** areas as compared to unsheltered regions were heavily populated,suggesting the probable influence of wave actions on opisthobranch diversity and *** order Nudibranchia was reported as most speciose,with 86 *** Sacoglossa and Nudibranchia were observed only on macroalgae and sponges *** abundance was also recorded on shipwrecks which are the most common form of artificial *** the inclusion of observations from previous studies,201species belonging to 94 genera and 36 families are now known from the Mauritius.

关键词： marine opisthobranch inventory new record occurrence Republic of Mauritius Indian Ocean

Clinical diagnostic advances in intestinal anastomotic techniques:Hand suturing,stapling,and compression devices

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第5期16卷 1231-1234页

作者： ah Young Lee Joo Young Cho Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineCha Gangnam Medical CenterCha University College of MedicineSeoul 06135South Korea

The development of intestinal anastomosis techniques,including hand suturing,stapling,and compression anastomoses,has been a significant advancement in surgical *** methods aim to prevent leakage and minimize tissue fibrosis,which can lead to stricture *** healing process involves various phases:hemostasis and inflammation,proliferation,and *** staplers and sutures can cause inflammation and fibrosis due to the release of profibrotic *** anastomosis devices,including those made of nickel-titanium alloy,offer a minimally invasive option for various surgical challenges and have shown safety and ***,despite advancements,anastomotic techniques are evaluated based on leakage risk,with complications being a primary *** devices like Magnamosis use magnetic rings for compression anastomosis,demonstrating greater strength and patency compared to *** technology is also being explored for other medical *** there are promising results,particularly in animal models,the realworld application in humans is limited,and further research is needed to assess their safety and practicality.

关键词： Anastomoses Diagnostic advances,Anastomotic techniques Technique Intestine

Combustion characteristics of low-quality lignite for different bed material sphericities in a circulating fluidized bed boiler:A numerical study

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 364-382页

作者： Barış Gürel Gülşah Karaca Dolgun Osman İpek Ali Keçebaş Department of Mechanical Engineering Engineering FacultySüleyman Demirel UniversityÇünürIspartaTurkey Department of Energy Systems Engineering Technology FacultyMuğla SıtkıKoçman UniversityKötekliMenteşeMuğlaTurkey

This study delves into the combustion behavior of various lignite types within a circulating fluidized bed boiler(CFBB),with a primary focus on the impact of different bed material sphericity ratios(0.5,0.7,and 0.9).Utilizing bed material with a sphericity ratio of 0.9 sourced from theÇan power plant and verified through experimentation,the research reveals several key ***,furnace temperatures tended to rise with higher sphericity ratios,albeit with variations between lignite types,particularly highlighting the complexity of this relationship in the case of GLI-Tunçbilek *** levels in the combustion chamber remained consistent across different sphericity ratios,indicating minimal influence on pressure *** combustion efficiency,especially at the bottom of the boiler,was observed at lower sphericity levels(0.5 and 0.7)forÇan lignite,as reflected in CO_(2) mole *** NO_(x) emissions generally decreased with lower sphericity,the sensitivity to sphericity varied by lignite type,with Ilgın lignite showcasing low NO_(x) but high SO_(2) emissions,underscoring the intricate interplay between lignite properties,sphericity,and ***,this study advances our understanding of CFBB combustion dynamics,offering insights valuable for optimizing performance and emissions control,particularly in lignite-based power.

关键词： Circulating fluidized bed boiler Computational particle fluid dynamics method Particle sphericity ratios NO_(x)and SO_(2)emissions Energy production efficiency

A mediation system for continuous spatial queries on a unified schema using Apache Spark

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Big Earth Data 2024年第1期8卷 115-141页

作者： Thi Thu Trang Ngo François Pinet David Sarramia Myoung-ah Kang UniversitéClermont Auvergne ISIMAAubièreFrance UniversitéClermont Auvergne INRAEUR TSCFClermont-FerrandFrance UniversitéClermont Auvergne CNRS/IN2P3LPCClermont-FerrandFrance

Recent advances in big and streaming data systems have enabled real-time analysis of data generated by Internet of Things(IoT)systems and sensors in various *** this context,many applications require integrating data from several heterogeneous sources,either stream or static *** such as Apache Spark are able to integrate and process large datasets from different ***,these frameworks are hard to use when the data sources are heterogeneous and *** address this issue,we propose a system based on mediation techniques for integrating stream and static data *** integration process of our system consists of three main steps:configuration,query expression and query *** the configuration step,an administrator designs a mediated schema and defines mapping between the mediated schema and local data *** the query expression step,users express queries using customized SQL grammar on the mediated ***,our system rewrites the query into an optimized Spark application and submits the application to a Spark *** results are continuously returned to *** experiments show that our optimizations can improve query execution time by up to one order of magnitude,making complex streaming and spatial data analysis more accessible.

关键词： Streaming data streaming data integration mediator geospatial data continuous queries

Sustainable Furfural Biomass Feedstocks Electrooxidation toward Value-Added Furoic Acid with Energy-Saving H_(2) Fuel Production Using Pt-Decorated Co_(3)O_(4) Nanospheres

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第2期7卷 350-358页

作者： Talshyn Begildayeνa Jayaraman Theerthagiri Seung Jun Lee ahreum Min Gyeong-ah Kim Siνakumar Manickam Myong Yong Choi Department of Chemistry(BK21 FOUR) Core-Facility Center for Photochemistry&NanomaterialsResearch Institute of Natural SciencesGyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52828South Korea Petroleum and Chemical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi BruneiJalan Tungku Link GadongBandar Seri Begawan BE1410Brunei Darussalam

Here,furfural oxidation was performed to replace the kinetically sluggish O_(2)evolution reaction(OER).Pt-Co_(3)O_(4)nanospheres were developed via pulsed laser ablation in liquid(PLAL)in a single step for the paired electrocatalysis of an H_(2)evolution reaction(HER)and furfural oxidation reaction(FOR).The FOR afforded a high furfural conversion(44.2%)with a major product of 2-furoic acid after a 2-h electrolysis at 1.55 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode in a 1.0-M KOH/50-mM furfural *** Pt-Co_(3)O_(4)electrode exhibited a small overpotential of 290 mV at 10 mA cm^(-2).As an anode and cathode in an electrolyzer system,the Pt-Co_(3)O_(4)electrocatalyst required only a small applied cell voltage of~1.83 V to deliver 10 mA cm^(-2),compared with that of the pure water electrolyzer(OER||HER,~1.99 V).This study simultaneously realized the integrated production of energy-saving H_(2)fuel at the cathode and 2-furoic acid at the anode.

关键词： biomass conversion electrochemical furfural oxidation overall water splitting Pt-Co_(3)O_(4)electrocatalyst pulsed laser ablation in liquid

Effects of frothers on bubbles size and flotation performance of hydrophobic minerals

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Journal of Central South University 2024年第7期31卷 2280-2299页

作者： Gülşah GÜVEN Berivan TUNÇ Ş.Beste AYDIN Gülay BULUT Mineral Processing Engineering Department Faculty of MinesIstanbul Technical UniversityMaslak 34469IstanbulTurkey Research Center Metso OutotecKuparitie 1028101 PoriFinland

Frothers facilitate the reduction of bubbles size by preventing bubbles coalescence and produce more stable *** collision probability of the bubbles and particles substantially increases by decreasing bubble *** the same volume system,fewer bubbles result from a distribution of large-sized bubbles,and more bubbles result from a distribution of small-sized *** this research,fundamental two-phase frother characterization parameters were aimed to link with three-phase coal and talc flotation *** this purpose,the effect of single and dual frother systems on inhibiting bubble coalescence was investigated with methyl isobutyl carbinol(MIBC),isooctanol(2 ethyl hexanol),pine oil,and Dowfroth *** on the results of single frothers,isooctanol at the lowest critical coalescence concentration(CCC)value of 6×10^(−6) achieved the smallest bubbles with Sauter mean diameter of 0.80 *** blending Dowfroth 250 and pine oil,the bubbles size decreased significantly,reaching 0.45 *** the highest recoveries in coal flotation were obtained in single and frother blends where the bubbles size was measured as the smallest in two-phase system,and such a relationship was not found for talc flotation.

关键词： flotation frother blends bubble size coal and talc flotation