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Available for millions of years but discovered through the last decade:Insects as a source of nutrients and energy in animal diets

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第4期11卷 60-79页

作者： Bartosz Kieronczyk Mateusz Rawski Zuzanna Mikołajczak Natalia Homska Jan Jankowski Katarzyna Ognik agata jozefiak Jan Mazurkiewicz Damian jozefiak Department of Animal Nutrition Poznan University of Life SciencesPoznanPoland Laboratory of Inland Fisheries and Aquaculture Department of ZoologyPoznan University of Life SciencesPoznanPoland Department of Poultry Science University of Warmia and MazuryOlsztynPoland Department of Biochemistry and Toxicology Faculty of Animal Sciences and BioeconomyUniversity of Life Sciences in LublinLublinPoland Department of Preclinical Sciences and Infectious Diseases Poznan University of Life SciencesPoznanPoland

The aim of this review is to present and discuss the most recent literature about the processing of insect biomass and its impact on nutritive value,further implementation of meals and fats derived from invertebrates to livestock(poultry and swine),aquaculture(salmonids),and companion animal diets and their impact on growth performance,metabolic response,and gastrointestinal microbiota ***,the most important barriers to obtaining unified products in terms of their nutritive value are considered,i.e.,to define insects'nutrient requirements,including various technological groups and further biomass processing(slaughtering,drying,and storage).Due to the current limitation in the insect production process consisting of the lack of infrastructure,there is stress on the relatively small amount of insect products added to the animal diets as a functional feed ***,only in the case of pet nutrition may insects be considered a full replacement for commonly used environmentally harmful and allergenic ***,the least information has been published on this ***,more scientific data are needed,particularly when the pet food branch and insect-based diets are rapidly growing.

关键词： Insect protein Poultry Pig Fish Pet Nutritive value

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GLP1 and GIP are involved in the action of synbiotics in broiler chickens

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第2期9卷 451-459页

作者： Pawel Antoni Kolodziejski Maciej Sassek Daniela Chalupka Natalia Leciejewska Leszek Nogowski Pawel Mackowiak Damian jozefiak Katarzyna Stadnicka Maria Siwek Marek Bednarczyk Tomasz Szwaczkowski Ewa Pruszynska-Oszmalek Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry Poznan University of Life Sciences Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Management Poznan University of Life Sciences Department of Animal Biochemistry and Biotechnology UTP University of Science and Technology Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding Poznan University of Life Sciences

Background: In order to discover new strategies to replace antibiotics in the post-antibiotic era in meat-type chicken production, two new synbiotics were tested:(Lactobacillus salivarius IBB3154 plus galactooligosaccharide(Syn1) and Lactobacillus plantarum IBB3036 plus raffinose family oligosaccharides(Syn2).Methods: The synbiotics were administered via syringe, using a special automatic system, into the egg air chamber of Cobb 500 broiler chicks on the 12 thday of egg incubation(2 mg of prebiotics + 105 cfu bacteria per egg).Hatched roosters(total 2,400) were reared on an experimental farm, kept in pens(75 animals per pen), with free access to feed and water. After 42 d animals were slaughtered. Blood serum, pancreas, duodenum and duodenum content were ***: Syn2 increased trypsin activity by 2.5-fold in the pancreas and 1.5-fold in the duodenal content. In the duodenum content, Syn2 resulted in ca 30% elevation in lipase activity and 70% reduction in amylase ***1 and Syn2 strongly decreased expression of m RNA for GLP-1 and GIP in the duodenum and for GLP-1 receptors in the pancreas. Simultaneously, concentrations of the incretins significantly diminished in the blood serum(P < 0.05). The decreased expression of incretins coincides with changed activity of digestive enzymes in the pancreas and in the duodenal content. The results indicate that incretins are involved in the action of Syn1 and Syn2 or that they may even be their target. No changes were observed in key hormones regulating metabolism(insulin, glucagon, corticosterone, thyroid hormones, and leptin) or in metabolic indices(glucose,NEFA, triglycerides, cholesterol). Additionally, synbiotics did not cause significant changes in the activities of alanine and aspartate aminotransferases in broiler chickens. Simultaneously, the activity of alkaline phosphatase and gamma glutamyl transferase diminished after Syn2 and Syn1, ***: The selected synbiotics may be used as

关键词： GIP GLP-1 Incretins In ovo Synbiotics

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Nanoengineered Shear-Thinning Hydrogel Barrier for Preventing Postoperative Abdominal Adhesions

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Nano-Micro Letters 2021年第12期13卷 452-467页

作者： Guillermo U.Ruiz-Esparza Xichi Wang Xingcai Zhang Sofia Jimenez-Vazquez Liliana Diaz-Gomez Anne-Marie Lavoie Samson Afewerki Andres AFuentes-Baldemar Roberto Parra-Saldivar Nan Jiang Nasim Annabi Bahram Saleh Ali K.Yetisen Amir Sheikhi Thomas H.jozefiak Su Ryon Shin Nianguo Dong Ali Khademhosseini Biomaterials Innovation Research Center Division of Engineering in MedicineDepartment of MedicineBrigham and Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolCambridgeMA 02139USA Division of Health Sciences and Technology Harvard University-Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430022People’s Republic of China School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138USA School of Engineering and Science Tecnologico de MonterreyCampus MonterreyMonterreyNuevo Leon 64849Mexico School of Medicine and Health Science Campus GuadalajaraZapopanJalisco 45201Mexico West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of CaliforniaLos AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Chemical Engineering Northeastern UniversityBostonMA 02115USA Department of Chemical Engineering Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK Department of Chemical Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Department of Biomedical Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation 11570 W Olympic BlvdLos AngelesCA 90024USA

More than 90%of surgical patients develop postoper-ative adhesions,and the incidence of hospital re-admissions can be as high as 20%.Current adhesion barriers present limited efficacy due to difficulties in application and incompatibility with minimally invasive *** solve thisclinical limitation,we developed an injectable and sprayable shear-thinning hydrogel barrier(STHB)composed of silicate nanoplatelets and poly(ethylene oxide).We optimized this technology to recover mechanical integrity after stress,enabling its delivery though inject-able and sprayable *** also demonstrated limited cell adhesion and cytotoxicity to STHB compositions in *** STHB was then tested in a rodent model of peritoneal injury to determine its e cacy preventing the formation of postoperative *** two weeks,the peritoneal adhesion index was used as a scoring method to determine the formation of postoperative adhesions,and STHB formulations presented superior e cacy compared to a commercially available adhesion *** and immunohistochemical examination showed reduced adhesion formation and minimal immune infiltration in STHB *** technology demonstrated increased e cacy,ease of use in complex anatomies,and compatibility with di erent delivery methods,providing a robust universal platform to prevent postoperative adhesions in a wide range of surgical interventions.

关键词： Postoperative adhesions Shear-thinning hydrogel Silicate nanoplatelets Nanotechnology Nanomedicine

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