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Comparison of Experimental Methods to Assess the Competitive Ability of Weed Species

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第13期6卷 2185-2196页

作者： Leandro Galon Germani Concenco Gismael Francisco Perin Alexandre Ferreira da silva Cesar Tiago Forte Felipe de Adelio david Lauri Lourenco Radüz andré Luiz Radunz andré andres Siumar Pedro Tironi Samara Emerim Concenco Plant Science Department Federal University of the Southern Border Erechim Brazil Weed Science Embrapa Western Agriculture Dourados Brazil Embrapa Maize and Sorghum Sete Lagoas Brazil Weed Science Embrapa Temperate Agriculture Pelotas Brazil Plant Science Department Federal University of the Southern Border Chapecó Brazil Federal Institute of Santa Catarina at Santa Rosa do Su-SC Santa Rosa do Sul Brazil

Competition between crops and weeds interfere on growth and development with harm to one or both, in different ways. To quantify these differences in competition, additive and replacement series study methods are most often used, each with different characteristics and goals. Therefore, we aimed with this work to study inter-specific competition between plants of soybean and corn against the weeds Bidens pilosa (beggartick) and Digitaria insularis (sourgrass), by two experimental methods of study: additive and replacement series (substitutive) experiments. Initial tests were performed prior to the installation of replacement series experiments to describe the intra-specific competition features for all species. For additive experiments these are unnecessary. To compare the methods of study, there were two sets of trials (an additive and a substitutive) installed under greenhouse, during the growing season 2013/14. Variables analyzed were leaf area and dry weight of shoots of crops and weeds, at 50 days after emergence. The results were analyzed according to the methods used, these being compared. It was found that the additive method supplied results most prone to be applied in the field, while the replacement series (substitutive) method was more appropriate for studies that aimed to provide detailed scientific information regarding the proportions of plants and coefficients describing the behavior of the species community.

关键词： Interference Zea mays Glycine max Weeds

Influence of Sub-Lethal and Lethal Concentrations of Chlorhexidine on Morphology and Glucosyltransferase Genes Expression in Streptococcus mutans UA159

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Advances in Microbiology 2014年第13期4卷 945-954页

作者： andréa Cristina Barbosa da silva Rafael Nóbrega Stipp Renata de Oliveira Mattos-Graner Fábio Correia Sampaio Demetrius Antonio Machado de Araújo Graduate Program in Dentistry Center of SciencesTechnology and HealthState University of ParaibaUEPBArarunaParaíbaBrazil Department of Oral Diagnosis Piracicaba Dental SchoolUniversity of CampinasUNICAMPSao PauloBrazil Department of Clinical and Social Dentistry Health Science CenterBrazilian Northeast Network on BiotechnologyFederal University of ParaibaJoao PessoaBrazil Department of Biotechnology Center of BiotechnologyBrazilian Northeast Network on BiotechnologyFederal University of ParaibaJoao PessoaBrazil

Chlorhexidine (CHX) is regarded as one of the most successful antiplaque agents in controlling the formation of dental biofilm. Nevertheless, molecular mechanisms of their effects in Streptococcus mutans are largely unknown. In this work, the effects of sub-lethal and lethal concentrations of chlorhexidine (CHX) on planktonic or biofilm-organized Streptococcus mutans cells were investigated in dose- and time-dependent manner. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) for planktonic cells and biofilm conditions were determined by standard methods. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) was used to quantify the relative levels of glucosyltransferase B (gtfB), gtfC and gtfD transcription of S. mutans in the presence of CHX. The CHX activity in the initial biofilm structure and morphological alterations in planktonic cells were examined by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results indicate that CHX increased expression of gtfC and gtfD in planktonic S. mutans cells and CHX reduced the expression of gtfB, gtfC, and gtfD in biofilms. High concentrations of CHX resulted in several wilted S. mutans planktonic cells with spilled intracellular material, while decreased cells’ chain length and matrix was found when the initial biofilm was exposed to increasing concentrations of CHX. CHX’s effects against bacteria depend on the type of growth organization and the concentration and time of exposure to the drug. At sub-lethal concentrations, CHX affects the expression of glucosyltransferases, which may have anticariogenic effect.

关键词： Planktonic Cells Biofilm Microorganism Scanning Electron Microscopy

Superoxide Anion Release by Human Blood Phagocytes Can Increase the Microbicidal Activity Induced by a New Microemulsioned System Containing Cotton Oil

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Advances in Biological Chemistry 2022年第6期12卷 207-227页

作者： Luana Cristina da silva Ramos andré Henrique Furtado Torres Letícia damas Leão dalcin Katleyn Polizeli Galvão silva Luana Gabriela silva de Freitas Mahmi Fujimori danny Laura Gomes Fagundes Eduardo Luzia França Adenilda Cristina Honorio França Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso. Barra do Garç as Brazil

The study aimed to develop and characterize a microemulsified system based on cotton oil and verify its effect on superoxide release anion and microbicidal activity by human peripheral blood cells. Microemulsions were formulated using distilled water, degummed cotton oil, Span 80 (SP), Tween 80 (TW), and 1-butanol (BT). The pseudo-ternary diagram delimited ME regions, and the points were pre-selected. The physical-chemical and rheological characterization of the microemulsions was carried out. The ME activity on the interactions between leukocytes and bacteria was analyzed by superoxide release, phagocytosis, and microbicidal activity. The developed formulation was classified as Oil/Water, with an average pH of 5.76, and the viscosity showed resistance to temperature changes. The rheological model of the Power Law classified the microemulsion as a non-Newtonian fluid with pseudoplastic characteristics. The cell viability of cotton oil microemulsion was greater than 90%. There was an increase in the superoxide release by MN phagocytes when treated with cotton oil microemulsion. The cotton oil microemulsion increased phagocytosis and microbicidal activity. The present study suggests that cotton oil is an alternative biomaterial for therapeutic applications, especially in treating infections.

关键词： Cotton Oil Microemulsion Phagocytosis Infection Human Phagocytes

Clinical Application of Dynamic Gait Index-Brazilian Brief Version

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Advances in Aging Research 2018年第6期7卷 113-118页

作者： Carlos Kazuo Taguchi élida Pinto Costa Lucas Vieira Alves Larissa Karoline Santos Erbson Rodrigues de Oliveira silva Brenda Carla de Lima Araújo Fabíola andréa andrade dos Santos Allan Robert da silva Audiology Departament Federal University of Sergipe S&atilde o Cristóvã o Brazil Federal University of Sergipe S&atilde o Cristóvã o Brazil Education Coordinator of Sergipe State Aracaju Brazil Speech Therapist and Audiology Departament Federal University of Sergipe S&atilde o Cristóvã o Brazil University Hospital Board Federal University of Sergipe S&atilde o Cristóvã o Brazil Statistical Departament Federal University of Sergipe S&atilde o Cristóvã o Brazil

Introduction: In elderly, the progressive degenerations in the nervous system and vestibular system compromise the human body balance leading to a greater risk of falls. The Dynamic Gait Index is a protocol that predicts risks to falls in seniors. Objective: To analyze the results of the application of the Dynamic Gait Index (DGI)-Brazilian brief proposal and establish correlation with the original version. Methods: Study approved by the Ethics and Research Committee of Federal University of Sergipe (number 0197.0.107000.09). We analyzed 223 files of socially active elderly, female gender, aged ranged 60 to 85 years, mean 68.54 (±7.61) years since 2014. The volunteers were evaluated by the DGI-Brazil. For the statistical analysis, the Pearson Correlation Momentum Correlation Test with Spearman Correlation was used, with p ≤ 0.05 and r = 1.0. Results: Sixty-three (27.8%) of the volunteers presented an altered DGI scores. The statistical analysis indicated that Task 1 and Task 2 did not contribute to decrease the total score in the test. The worst performances occurred in Tasks 3, 5 and 6. There was founded a positive correlation between Tasks 1 and 2;1 and 8;3 and 4;3 and 5;4 and 5;2 and 4;2 and 7. Negative correlation occurred between Tasks 4 and 8, and 6 was not correlated with another Task. Conclusion: The DGI-Brazilian brief version presented an excellent correlation with the original proposal and may be useful in clinical practice as a tool to evidence future risks of falls in the elderly people.

关键词： Aged Postural Balance Accidental Falls Clinical Protocols

Nutritional Characteristics of <i>Brachiaria brizantha</i>Cultivars Subjected to Different Intensities Cutting

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第13期5卷 1961-1972页

作者： Kátia Aparecida de Pinho Costa Eduardo da Costa Severiano Gustavo andré Simon Patrícia Soares Epifanio Alessandro Guerra da silva Raoni Ribeiro Guedes Fonseca Costa Charles Barbosa Santos Carlos Ribeiro Rodrigues Goiano Federal Institute Rio Verde Brazil University of Rio Verde Rio Verde Brazil

This study evaluated the nutritional characteristics of Brachiaria brizantha cultivars subjected to three cutting intensities in the course of one year. The experiment was conducted at the University of Rio Verde. The experiment was performed as a randomized 3 × 3 factorial in complete block design with three replications and repeated measures in the time. Three Brachiaria brizantha cultivars (Marandu palisadegrass, Xaraes palisadegrass, and Piata palisadegrass), were tested at three cutting intensities (10, 20, and 30 cm sward height). The evaluations were conducted on the same plots throughout one year and during all four seasons (autumn, winter, spring, and summer). The results showed that the Piata palisadegrass had the best chemical composition compared to the Marandu palisadegrass and Xaraes palisadegrass. The management of Brachiaria brizantha cultivars at the lowest residual height (10 cm) affected the nutritional value of these feed grasses. Seasonality also influenced the nutritional value of these forages.

关键词： Marandu Palisadegrass Piata Palisadegrass Sward Height Xaraes Palisadegrass

Adenosquamous Carcinoma Affecting the Maxilla: A Case Report and Review

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2017年第3期8卷 286-295页

作者： Marcos Martins Curi Marcelo Ferraz de Oliveira Anthony Froy Benites Condezo Heliton Gustavo Lima andréia Aparecida da silva Carlos César DeAntoni Camila Lopes Cardoso Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Hospital Santa Catarina S&atilde o Paulo Brazil Department of Implantology P-I Branemark Institute S&atilde o Paulo Brazil Department of Oral Surgery Universidade do Sagrado Cora&ccedil ã o S&atilde o Paulo Brazil Department on Oral Pathology University of S&ccedil o Paulo S&ccedil o Paulo Brazil

Adenosquamous carcinoma of the head and neck (ASC) is a rare and aggressive variant of squamous cell carcinoma, a locally aggressive malignancy characterized by the presence of two distinct components: a squamous cell carcinoma and an adenocarcinoma. The purpose of this study was to report an additional rare case of adenosquamous carcinoma affecting the maxilla, with clinical microscopic features and a complex mid-facial rehabilitation.

关键词： Squamous Cell Carcinoma Adenosquamous Carcinoma Implant Supported Prosthesis Maxillofacial Rehabilitation

Subtle Influence of the Weibull Shape Parameter on Homer Optimization Space of a Wind Diesel Hybrid Gen Set for Use in Southern Brazil

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2016年第8期4卷 38-48页

作者： Mariana G. Benevit Jones S. silva andré G. Gewehr Alexandre Beluco Instituto de Pesquisas Hidráulicas Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil

Wind power is an increasingly important alternative for obtaining energy supplies, both in large interconnected power systems and in smaller hybrid systems and even in backup systems. The temporal and spatial variability of the winds represent an obstacle to be overcome so that wind energy can be increasingly used. The capacity factor of wind farms shows how this variability impacts the operation of the plants and its value is of the order of 30% to 35%. The variability of the wind speed is influenced if the point of interest is on land or on sea, the shape of the surface, the proximity of water bodies, among other factors. The availability of wind is best described by the Weibull probability distribution, which has as one of its defining parameters one which is termed as shape parameter. This parameter is much higher as higher is the variability of the wind speed. This paper studies the subtle influence of Weibull shape parameter on the optimal combination of components in a wind diesel hybrid system, by means of computer simulations with the well known software Homer. The results indicate a relatively small influence (as expected) in the studied system, which appears particularly when the cost of diesel is higher and the availability of wind is lower.

关键词： Wind Energy Wind Diesel Hybrid Systems Weibull Shape Parameter Southern Brazil Computational Simulation Software Homer

Red Onion (Allium Cepa L.) Methanolic Extract Increases Extracellular Nucleotide Hydrolysis in Rat Serum

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2020年第12期10卷 864-876页

作者： Janayne Luihan silva Bruno Quintanilha Faria Vinícius Marques Arruda Fernanda Cardoso da silva Joyce Ferreira da Costa Guerra Cristina Ribas Fürstenau Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil Curso de Biotecnologia Universidade Federal de Uberlandia Patos de Minas Brazil Programa de Pós-graduaç o em Biotecnologia Instituto de Biotecnologia Universidade Federal de Uberlandia Patos de Minas Brazil Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas Universidade Federal do ABC Santo André Brazil

Ectonucleotidases are enzymes involved in nucleotides metabolism. The amount of circulating nucleotides may modulate distinct pathophysiological processes in the vasculature, including platelet aggregation and vascular tone. Onion (Allium cepa L.) phenolic compounds modulate enzymatic activity. The present study evaluated the total phenolic content of red onion methanolic extract, its antioxidant capacity, and its ability to interfere in nucleotides hydrolyses in rat serum. Total phenolic content was determined with the Folin-Ciocalteau reagent using gallic acid as a standard, while total flavonoid content was obtained through the aluminum chloride colorimetric method with quercetin as a standard. Antioxidant capacity was evaluated from the ability of the extract to scavenge ABTS·+ and DPPH· radicals. ATP, ADP, AMP, and p-Nph-5'-TMP hydrolyses were colorimetrically determined in response to different onion extract concentrations (0, 125, 250, 500, or 1000 μg/mL). Phenolic content of the extract was 54.35 mg GAE 100 g-1 sample, while flavonoid content was 7.22 mg quercetin g-1 sample. The IC50 value for ABTS·+ was 374.13 ± 7.52 μg/mL, while it was 440.29 ± 15.17 μg/mL for DPPH·. Red onion extract increased ADP and p-Nph-5'-TMP hydrolysis. The results confirmed that red onion contains high content of antioxidant, mainly flavonoids, and high antioxidant capacity. Additionally, biochemical studies suggest that the increased ADP breakdown may be important to regulate vascular processes. As it occurs for other enzymes, the antioxidant capacity of onion extract may neutralize reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and favor ectonucleotidase activity and the hydrolysis of ADP, a major platelet agonist.

关键词： Red Onion Flavonoids Reactive Oxygen Species Ectonucleotidases Vascular Homeostasis

Impacts of Residual Phosphorus on the Production of Cowpea in the Cerrado Region

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2018年第4期9卷 645-658页

作者： Jair da Costa Gaspar Marileia Barros Furtado Welder José dos Santos silva Isaías dos Santos Reis Nítalo andré Farias Machado Maryzélia Furtado de Farias Jomar Livramento Barros Furtado Hosana Aguiar Freitas de andrade Raquel da silva Sobral Luisa Julieth Parra-Serrano Khalil de Menezes Rodrigues Raissa Rachel Salustriano silva-Matos Center of Agrarian Sciences and Environmental Federal University of Maranhao Chapadinha Brazil Center of Agrarian Sciences Federal University of Piauí Teresina Brazil Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences State University Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho UNESP Sao Paulo Brazil Exact and Technological Science Center State University of Western Paraná Cascavel Brazil

Phosphate fertilizers when applied to the soil, besides being harvested by the crops, promote a residual effect that can be offered to subsequent crops. The objective of this research was to evaluate the residual effect of phosphate fertilization applied to maize cultivation on the successor crop, cowpea, in the Cerrado region in Maranhao. The research was carried out in the experimental area of Federal University of Maranhao (UFMA), located in the city of Chapadinha, MA (3°44'30"S, 43°21'37''W). The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with six treatments and four replications. The treatments were composed of the following residual P doses: 0, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100 kg·ha-1 of P2O5. The cultivation of cowpea (cultivar BRS guariba) was sown at a spacing of 1.0 × 0.20 m. The cowpea proved to be efficient in the use of residual phosphate fertilization, since it promoted grain yield close to the national average. The cultivation of cowpea in previously cultivated areas is feasible, in order to take advantage of the residual phosphate fertilization in the Cerrado of East of Maranhao. The phosphorus dose applied in the predecessor crop corresponding to 80 kg·ha-1 of P2O5 promoted higher grain yield (393.44 Mg·ha-1) and a greater profit margin (US $326.26). Thus, it is feasible to grow cowpea in previously cultivated areas, in order to take advantage of residual phosphate fertilization.

关键词： Fertilizing Vigna unguiculata L. Walp Phosphate Fertilization Residue