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The Use of Far Infrared Treatment Prior to Exercise in Horses: An mfBIA and Acoustic Myography Three Case Study

Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2024年第4期14卷 69-89页

作者： adrian harrison d.phil department for Veterinary and Animal Sciences (IVH) Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen K&#248benhavn Denmark

Background: Acute effects of Far Infrared (FIR) treatment in horses are unknown, especially short periods of 30 minutes, as is any effect on such muscle parameters as warm-up balance, overall exercise balance and laterality asymmetries. Aim: This study examines three equine cases in detail to measure any effects of a short period of FIR treatment. Methods: Multi-frequency bioimpedance (mfBIA) and acoustic myography (AMG), non-invasive techniques, were applied pre- and post-treatment with FIR to the back (T5-L4/5) and for *** dorsi and *** medius was recorded during a 15-minute warm-up regimen. mfBIA parameters included extracellular resistance (Re), centre frequency (fc), membrane capacitance (Mc), intracellular resistance (Ri) and phase angle (PA) which indicates level of training and health status. Results: FIR treatment responses for mfBIA parameters were found to be horse-specific and different, whilst in terms of AMG, FIR treatment for 30 minutes had a beneficial effect on overall balance in all three horses (5 out of 6 muscles), and a beneficial effect on the AMG parameter ST (force symmetry) in all three horses (6 out of 6 muscles). An overall improvement for combined balance and ST values for both muscles and all three horses of 86% was noted with FIR treatment, compared to 56% without. Conclusions: This preliminary study of FIR treatment in three horses, has been found to result in an overall improvement in combined balance and ST values for both muscles. FIR has potential as a promising treatment to reduce the risk of warm-up-related injuries in athletic horses.

关键词： Equine FIR Muscle Balance Muscle Force Injury Prevention

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The Use of Far Infrared Treatment Prior to Exercise in Horses: An mfBIA and Acoustic Myography Three Case Study

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine（兽医学） 2024年第4期 69页

作者： adrian harrison d.phil

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A framework for dynamic modelling of railway track switches considering the switch blades,actuators and control systems

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Railway Engineering Science 2024年第2期32卷 162-176页

作者： Saikat dutta Tim harrison Christopher Ward Roger dixon phil Winship Institute of Thermofluids School of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of LeedsLeedsWest YorkshireUK Wolfson School of Mechanical Electrical and Manufacturing EngineeringLoughborough UniversityLoughboroughLeicestershireUK Birmingham Centre for Railway Research and Education School of EngineeringUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamWest MidlandsUK Network Rail Milton KeynesBuckinghamshireUK

The main contribution of this paper is the development and demonstration of a novel methodology that can be followed to develop a simulation twin of a railway track switch system to test the functionality in a digital *** is important because,globally,railway track switches are used to allow trains to change routes;they are a key part of all railway ***,because track switches are single points of failure and safety-critical,their inability to operate correctly can cause significant delays and concomitant *** order to better understand the dynamic behaviour of switches during operation,this paper has developed a full simulation twin of a complete track switch *** approach fuses finite element for the rail bending and motion,with physics-based models of the electromechanical actuator system and the control ***,it provides researchers and engineers the opportunity to explore and understand the design space around the dynamic operation of new switches and switch machines before they are *** is useful for looking at the modification or monitoring of existing switches,and it becomes even more important when new switch concepts are being considered and *** simulation is capable of running in real time or faster meaning designs can be iterated and checked *** paper describes the modelling approach,demonstrates the methodology by developing the system model for a novel“REPOINT”switch system,and evaluates the system level performance against the dynamic performance requirements for the *** the context of that case study,it is found that the proposed new actuation system as designed can meet(and exceed)the system performance requirements,and that the fault tolerance built into the actuation ensures continued operation after a single actuator failure.

关键词： Railway track switch Mathematical modelling Redundant actuation Finite element analysis

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Pressure Measurements from Five different Nosebands at Rest, and during Riding at Walk, a Collected Gait, Backing up and a Full Stop

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2024年第6期14卷 137-154页

作者： adrian harrison dept for Veterinary and Animal Sciences (IVH) Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen PAS Section for Physiology Frederiksberg Denmark

Background: Scientific procedures for addressing noseband fit and tightness, eliminating the risk of excessive and painful tightening, as well as quantitative measurements of pressures under the noseband while riding are either scarce or lacking. Purpose/Aim: To assess simple means of measuring pressure under different nosebands with a view to their adoption as scientific methodology. Method: Horses (n = 7) were fitted with five different bridles (A-E). Pressure distribution and intensity were measured using colour sensitive film (Fujifilm LLLW), assessing the level of pressure and distribution across the surface of the nosebands, as assessed and ranked by independent assessors. A CURO system was also used to measure pressure in real-time under nosebands whilst riding. Results: The colour-sensitive film for d & B were ranked 1st and 2nd, respectively. Regularity of pressure overall showed a statistical difference between nosebands (A & B significantly more unregular than the others). Pressure measurements revealed significantly different means (all P Conclusions: Pressures under nosebands can reach levels that appear capable of inflicting tissue damage, hence bridles and nosebands should be assessed using scientific methodology and not based on arbitrary and subjective criteria, as is currently the case.

关键词： Noseband Welfare Pain Bridle Fit Riding Tölt FEI

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New treatments for inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 1998年第5期4卷 6-13页

作者： david S. Rampton and d.phil

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＡｌｔｈｏｕｇｈｉｎｆｌａｍｍａｔｏｒｙｂｏｗｅｌｄｉｓｅａｓｅ（ＩＢＤ）ｉｓａｐｐａｒｅｎｔｌｙｓｔｉｌｒｅｌａｔｉｖｅｌｙｒａｒｅｉｎｔｈｅＥａｓｔ，ｅｖｉｄｅｎｃｅｆｒｏｍＨｏｎｇＫｏｎ... 详细信息

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＡｌｔｈｏｕｇｈｉｎｆｌａｍｍａｔｏｒｙｂｏｗｅｌｄｉｓｅａｓｅ（ＩＢＤ）ｉｓａｐｐａｒｅｎｔｌｙｓｔｉｌｒｅｌａｔｉｖｅｌｙｒａｒｅｉｎｔｈｅＥａｓｔ，ｅｖｉｄｅｎｃｅｆｒｏｍＨｏｎｇＫｏｎｇｓｕｇｇｅｓｔｓｔｈａｔｏｖｅｒ...

关键词： Crohn′s disease ulcerative colitis inflammatory bowel disease corticosteroids mesalazine immunosuppressive drugs cytokines

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On China's Capital Controls

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经济研究参考 1999年第70期 11-23页

作者： d.phil A Senior Fellow Doctoral Tutor and Director of the Institute of World Economics and Politics under the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

Ⅰ. Introduction In the wake of the debt Crisis of the early 1980s, the World Bank pub-lished a report to summarize developing countries’ experience in utilizingforeign capital. According to the report, "Foreign finance can promotegrowth through higher investment and technology transfers. It can allowcountries to adjust gradually to new circumstances in the world economy.

关键词： On China’s Capital Controls must Bank US FdI than

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颈动脉体对化学信号的换能作用

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生理学报 2007年第2期59卷 128-132页

作者： Prem KUMAR B.Sc. d.phil 伯明翰大学医学院生理学系

颈动脉体可以将低氧和血液中其它刺激信号(可能包括低血糖)转换成不同强度的传入神经放电,沿心肺和神经内分泌反射的传入途径进入中枢,形成反射环路。低氧可抑制颈动脉体Ⅰ型细胞中的多种K+通道,这种作用可能有种属差异; K+通道的抑制... 详细信息

颈动脉体可以将低氧和血液中其它刺激信号(可能包括低血糖)转换成不同强度的传入神经放电,沿心肺和神经内分泌反射的传入途径进入中枢,形成反射环路。低氧可抑制颈动脉体Ⅰ型细胞中的多种K+通道,这种作用可能有种属差异; K+通道的抑制使膜电位去极化,启动电压依赖性Ca2+内流,最后导致神经分泌和传入放电。离子通道埘低氧的反应可能是通过间接途径发生的,因此近期的工作集中在研究颈动脉体Ⅰ型细胞中在低氧感受中起关键作用的其它蛋白质。虽然有人认为来源于线粒体和／或NAdPH的活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)起一定作用,但是它们在颈动脉体中转导低氧信号的证据还不足。目前正在对另外两种假设进行检验。第一种假设是血红素加氧酶2(haemoxygenase 2,HO-2)通过信号分子CO控制特殊K+通道的活动,而CO的生成量与氧分压高低有关。第二种假设是认为细胞能量感受器腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶(AMP- activated protein kinase,AMPK)起作用;低氧时AMP／ATP比值升高,激活AMPK,从而抑制Ⅰ型细胞的K+通道,传入放电增加。颈动脉体的细胞上具有丰富的对氧敏感的K+通道,低氧感受这个重要的细胞活动可以通过多条途径进行,在总反应中每种蛋白质也可能起不同的作用,例如不同蛋白质对氧的亲合力不同等。关于颈动脉体感受低血糖的机制尚不清楚,但最近有证据提示,它并非由K+通道关闭引起的,因此感受低血糖的机制和感受低氧的机制是不同的。

关键词：颈动脉体化学受体低氧化学转换腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶葡萄糖

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New insight into the phylogenetic and biogeographic history of genus Ficus:Vicariance played a relatively minor role compared with ecological opportunity and dispersal

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2011年第6期49卷 546-557页

作者： Rhett d.harrison Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences

Studies on the evolution of tropical taxa emphasize the role of vicariance and the break-up of Gondwana in explaining modern *** studies on figs(Ficus spp.)support this *** the current study,we used an expanded sample(208 spp.)and improved molecular dating techniques to reconstruct the phylogenetic and biogeographic history of *** with previous studies,our biogeographic analysis indicated that the ancestor of Ficus was present in ***,a relaxed clock analysis relying on uncorrelated rates in BEAST suggested that the Neotropical section Pharmacosycea split-off in South America 86.67 Mya,and that other Ficus lineage ancestors originated in *** of the basal lineages appeared to have diverged following KT extinction,then rapidly diversified after India collided with continental *** Afrotropical species most likely evolved initially in the Indian subcontinent then dispersed to Africa,either in the late Cretaceous of Madagascar or even later,following the Eocene collision of India with *** Neotropical section Americana,either islandhopped to South America or took a northern route to the Americas through Europe prior to the terminal Eocene global cooling *** may have arrived in eastern Malesia following the collision of India with Asia,then widely dispersed *** the wide ranges in our date estimates,several other scenarios are ***,contrary to earlier reports,our analyses suggest that vicariance played a relatively minor role compared with ecological opportunity and dispersal in the diversification of genus Ficus.

关键词： biogeographic history evolution Ficus molecular phylogeny vicariance.

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detecting Inhomogeneity in daily Climate Series Using Wavelet Analysis

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2008年第2期25卷 157-163页

作者：严中伟 phil d.JONES Laboratory of Regional Climate and Environment for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 Climatic Research Unit University of East Anglia Norwich NR4 7TJ United Kingdom

A wavelet method was applied to detect inhomogeneities in daily meteorological series, data which are being increasingly applied in studies of climate extremes. The wavelet method has been applied to a few well- established long-term daily temperature series back to the 18th century, which have been ＂homogenized＂ with conventional approaches. Various types of problems remaining in the series were revealed with the wavelet method. Their influences on analyses of change in climate extremes are discussed. The results have importance for understanding issues in conventional climate data processing and for development of improved methods of homogenization in order to improve analysis of climate extremes based on daily data.

关键词： inhomogeneity daily meteorological observation wavelet analysis climate extremes

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Reduced texaphyrin:A ratiometric optical sensor for heavy metals in aqueous solution

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2020年第1期14卷 19-27页

作者： harrison d.Root Gregory Thiabaud Jonathan L.Sessler department of Chemistry The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712-1224USA

We report here a water-soluble metal cation sensor system based on the as-prepared or reduced form of an expanded porphyrin,*** metal complexation,a change in the redox state of the ligand occurs that is accompanied by a color change from red to *** long employed for synthesis in organic media,we have now found that this complexation-driven redox behavior may be used to achieve the naked eye detectable colorimetric sensing of several number of less-common metal ions in aqueous *** to In(Ⅲ),Hg(Ⅱ),Cd(Ⅱ),Mn(Ⅱ),Bi(Ⅲ),Co(Ⅱ),and Pb(Ⅱ)cations leads to a colorimetric response within 10 *** process is selective for Hg(Ⅱ)under conditions of competitive ***,among the subset of responseproducing cations,In(Ⅲ)proved unique in giving rise to a ratiometric change in the ligand-based fluorescence features,including an overall increase in *** cation selectivity observed in aqueous media stands in contrast to what is seen in organic solvents,where a wide range of texaphyrin metal complexes may be *** formation of metal cation complexes under the present aqueous conditions was confirmed by reversed phase highperformance liquid chromatography,ultra-violet-visible absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies,and highresolution mass spectrometry.

关键词： texaphyrin fluorescent sensor ion-sensing indium mercury

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