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Uncovering genetic and metabolite markers associated with resistance against anthracnose fruit rot in northern highbush blueberry

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Horticulture Research 2023年第10期10卷 25-36页

作者： MacKenzie Jacobs Samantha Thompson adrian e.platts Melanie J.A.Body Alexys Kelsey Amanda Saad Patrick Abeli Scott J.Teresi Anthony Schilmiller Randolph Beaudry Mitchell J.Feldmann Steven J.Knapp Guo-qing Song Timothy Miles Patrick P.edger Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Department of Horticulture Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Molecular Plant Science Program Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Department of Plant Soil and Microbial SciencesMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Department of Horticulture and Natural Resources Kansas State UniversityOlatheKS 66061USA Genetics and Genome Sciences Program Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Mass Spectrometry&Metabolomics Core Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Department of Plant Sciences University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA

Anthracnose fruit rot(AFR),caused by the fungal pathogen Colletotrichum fioriniae,is among the most destructive and widespread fruit disease of blueberry,impacting both yield and overall fruit *** cultivars have highly variable resistance against *** date,this pathogen is largely controlled by applying various fungicides;thus,a more cost-effective and environmentally conscious solution for AFR is *** we report three quantitative trait loci associated with AFR resistance in northern highbush blueberry(Vaccinium corymbosum).Candidate genes within these genomic regions are associated with the biosynthesis of flavonoids(***)and resistance against ***,we examined gene expression changes in fruits following inoculation with Colletotrichum in a resistant cultivar,which revealed an enrichment of significantly differentially expressed genes associated with certain specialized metabolic pathways(*** biosynthesis)and pathogen *** non-targeted metabolite profiling,we identified a flavonol glycoside with properties consistent with a quercetin rhamnoside as a compound exhibiting significant abundance differences among the most resistant and susceptible individuals from the genetic mapping *** analysis revealed that this compound exhibits significant abundance differences among the most resistant and susceptible individuals when analyzed as two ***,individuals within each group displayed considerable overlapping variation in this compound,suggesting that its abundance may only be partially associated with resistance against *** findings should serve as a powerful resource that will enable breeding programs to more easily develop new cultivars with superior resistance to AFR and as the basis of future research studies.

关键词： applying resistance specialized

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Increasing the Maximum Capacity Path in a Network and Its Application for Improving the Connection Between Two Routers

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第3期29卷 753-765页

作者： adrian M.Deaconu Javad Tayyebi Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Transilvania University of BrasovBrasov 500036Romania Department of Industrial engineering Birjand University of TechnologyBirjand 000097Iran

Abstract:This paper addresses the problem of improving the optimal value of the Maximum Capacity Path(MCP)through expansion in a flexible network,and minimizing the involved *** only condition applied to the cost functions is to be non-decreasing *** is a non-restrictive condition,reflecting the reality in practice,and is considered for the first time in the ***,the total cost of expansion is a combination of max-type cost(e.g.,for supervision)and sum-type cost(*** building infrastructures,price of materials,price of labor,etc.).For this purpose,two types of strategies are combined:(l)increasing the capacity of the existing arcs,and(l)adding potential new *** different problems are introduced and *** the problems have immediate applications in Internet routing *** first one is to extend the network,so that the capacity of an McP in the modified network becomes equal to a prescribed value,therefore the cost of modifications is minimized.A strongly polynomial-time algorithm is deduced to solve this *** second problem is a network expansion under a budget constraint,so that the capacity of an McP is maximized.A weakly polynomial-time algorithm is presented to deal with *** the special case when all the costs are linear,a Meggido's parametric search technique is used to develop an algorithm for solving the problem in strongly polynomial *** new approach has a time complexity of O(n^(4)),which is better than the time complexity of O(n4 log(n)of the previously known method from literature.

关键词： Maximum Capacity Path(MCP) network expansion Internet routing polynomial-time algorithms

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The concept of gene therapy for glaucoma:the dream that has not come true yet

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 92-99页

作者： Robert Sulak Xiaonan Liu adrian Smedowski Department of Physiology Faculty of Medical Sciences in KatowiceMedical University of Silesia in KatowiceKatowicePoland Institute of Biotechnology HiLIFEUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland GlaucoTech Co. KatowicePoland

Gene therapies,despite of being a relatively new therapeutic approach,have a potential to become an important alternative to current treatment strategies in *** glaucoma is not considered a single gene disease,the identified goals of gene therapy would be rather to provide neuroprotection of retinal ganglion cells,especially,in intraocular-pressure-independent *** most commonly reported type of vector for gene delivery in glaucoma studies is adeno-associated virus serotype 2 that has a high tro pism to retinal ganglion cells,res ulting in long-term expression and low immunogenic *** gene thera py studies recruit inducible and genetic animal models of optic neuropathy,like DBA/2J mice model of high-tension glaucoma and the optic nerve *** gene therapy-based neuroprotection of retinal ganglion cells is targeting specific genes translating to growth factors(i.e.,brain derived neurotrophic factor,and its receptor TrkB),regulation of apoptosis and neurodegeneration(i.e.,Bcl-xl,Xiap,FAS system,nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyl transferase 2,Digit3 and Sarm1),immunomodulation(i.e.,Crry,C3 complement),modulation of neuroinflammation(i.e.,e rythropoietin),reduction of excitotoxicity(i.e.,Com KIlα)and transcription regulation(i.e.,Max,Nrf2).On the other hand,some of gene therapy studies focus on lowering intra ocular pressure,by impacting genes involved in both,decreasing aqueous humor production(i.e.,aquaporin 1),and increasing outflow facility(i.e.,COX2,prostaglandin F2a receptor,RhoA/RhoA kinase signaling pathway,MMP1,Myocilin).The goal of this review is to summarize the current stateof-art and the direction of development of gene therapy strategies for glaucomatous neuropathy.

关键词： adeno-associated virus gene editing gene therapy glaucoma IOP lowering IOP-independent mechanisms neuroprotection optic nerve optic neuropathy retinal ganglion cells

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Pressure Measurements from Five Different Nosebands at Rest, and During Riding at Walk, a Collected Gait, Backing up and a Full Stop

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2024年第6期14卷 137-154页

作者： adrian Harrison Dept for Veterinary and Animal Sciences (IVH) Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen PAS Section for Physiology Frederiksberg Denmark

Background: Scientific procedures for addressing noseband fit and tightness, eliminating the risk of excessive and painful tightening, as well as quantitative measurements of pressures under the noseband while riding are either scarce or lacking. Purpose/Aim: To assess simple means of measuring pressure under different nosebands with a view to their adoption as scientific methodology. Method: Horses (n = 7) were fitted with five different bridles (A-e). Pressure distribution and intensity were measured using colour sensitive film (Fujifilm LLLW), assessing the level of pressure and distribution across the surface of the nosebands, as assessed and ranked by independent assessors. A CURO system was also used to measure pressure in real-time under nosebands whilst riding. Results: The colour-sensitive film for D & B were ranked 1st and 2nd, respectively. Regularity of pressure overall showed a statistical difference between nosebands (A & B significantly more unregular than the others). Pressure measurements revealed significantly different means (all P Conclusions: Pressures under nosebands can reach levels that appear capable of inflicting tissue damage, hence bridles and nosebands should be assessed using scientific methodology and not based on arbitrary and subjective criteria, as is currently the case.

关键词： Noseband Welfare Pain Bridle Fit Riding Tölt FeI

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Feeding ecology and interactions with mammal hosts in a symbiotic genus of birds(Buphagus spp.)in Namibia

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Avian Research 2024年第3期15卷 336-344页

作者： Michael S.Lukubwe Daniel Velarde-Garcéz Fernando Sequeira Susana Lopes adrian J.F.K.Craig Vanessa A.Mata Department of Zoology and entomology Rhodes UniversityMakhandaSouth Africa Department of Wildlife Management and Tourism Studies University of NamibiaKatima Mulilo CampusNamibia Departamento de Biologia Faculdade de CiênciasUniversidade do PortoPortoPortugal CIBIO Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos GenéticosInBIO Laboratório AssociadoCampus de VairãoVairãoPortugal BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics Biodiversity and Land PlanningCIBIOCampus de VairãoVairãoPortugal

As the sole obligate symbiotic birds in Africa,oxpeckers offer a unique model for studying symbiotic *** to the multitrophic level they occupy and the context dependent foraging behavior they exhibit,the type of symbiotic relationship can be *** addition to providing a cleaning service to the host by removing ticks,oxpeckers frequently feed on blood,mucus,and saliva,inflicting potential damage on the ***,we used DNA metabarcoding on faecal samples to analyze the taxonomic composition of the trophic interactions of the Yellow-billed Oxpecker(Buphagus africanus)and Red-billed Oxpecker(***)in northeastern *** contrast to conventional methods,DNA metabarcoding allows for a detailed identification of dietary resources encompassing both mammal hosts and consumed arthropods within the same *** this information,we examined differences in the diet composition between oxpecker species and localities,as well as the co-occurrence between host and arthropod *** findings revealed that oxpeckers predominantly source their diet from mammals,ticks,and flies;however,ticks and flies rarely co-occur in the diet of an *** observed variability among individuals in their feeding ecology,which is strongly correlated with locality and,to a lesser extent,with the mammal *** noted a high degree of mobility between hosts within relatively short periods,with 32%of the samples showing traces of at least two mammal *** study illustrates the dynamic foraging behavior of these specialized symbiotic birds,shedding light on their potential role in pest control services and disease transmission.

关键词： Commensalism Diet DNA metabarcoding Oxpeckers Parasitism Trophic ecology

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Ancylostoma ceylanicum and other zoonotic canine hookworms:neglected public and animal health risks in the Asia-Pacific region

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Animal Diseases 2024年第1期4卷 59-74页

作者： Jan Clyden B.Tenorio lan Kim B.Tabios Tawin Inpankaew adrian P.Ybanez Saruda Tiwananthagorn Sirikachorn Tangkawattana Sutas Suttiprapa Tropical Medicine Graduate Program Faculty of MedicineKhon Kaen UniversityKhon Kaen 40002Thailand Department of Tropical Medicine Faculty of MedicineKhon Kaen UniversityKhon Kaen 40002Thailand WHO Collaborating Center for Research and Control of Opisthorchiasis(Southeast Asian Liver Fluke Disease) Tropical Disease Research CenterKhon Kaen UniversityKhon Kaen 40002Thailand Department of Veterinary Paraclinical Sciences College of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Southern MindanaoKabacan9407 CotabatoPhilippines Institute of Biology College of ScienceUniversity of the Philippines DilimanManila 1101Philippines Department of Parasitology Faculty of Veterinary MedicineKasetsart UniversityBangkok 10900Thailand College of Veterinary Medicine at Barili Campus and Center for Vector-Borne and Protozoan Diseases at Main Campus Cebu Technological UniversityCebu City 6000Philippines Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Public Health Faculty of Veterinary MedicineChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50100Thailand Research Center for Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Public Health Chiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50100Thailand Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Khon Kaen University.Khon Kaen 40002Thailand

Zoonotic hookworm infections remain a significant public health problem,causing nearly 500 milion cases globally and approximately four million disability-adjusted life years lost *** than one-fth of these cases are attrib-uted to Ancylostoma ceylanicum,an emerging zoonotic health issue in the Asia-Pacific *** review presents key research gaps regarding the epidemiology,diagnosis,control,prevention and elimination of *** and other canine zoonotic hookworms as neglected health *** is the second most prevalent human hook-worm in the region;it is the most common hookworm among dogs and cats-reservoirs of zoonotic *** population genetic and phylogenetic analyses revealed that *** has three possible transmis-sion dynamics:zoonotic,animal-only,and human-only *** actual burden of zoonotic ancylostomiasis in most endemic countries remains unknown due to the use of parasitological techniques(e.g.,Kato-Katz thick smear and floatation techniques)that have reduced diagnostic performance and do not allow accurate species identifica-tion in helminth *** emergence of benzimidazole resistance in soil-transmitted helminths(STHs),includ-ing hookworms,is a concern due to the protracted implementation of mass drug administration(MDA).Resistance is conferred by single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)that occur in theβ-tubulin isotype 1 *** mutations have been reported in drug-resistant *** but have not been found in *** in the *** remains understudied in the Asia-Pacific *** zoonotic nature of the parasite warrants investigation of its occur-rence in human and animal reservoir hosts to understand the dynamics of zoonotic transmission in different endemic *** detection of benzimidazole resistance-associated SNPs in zoonotic hookworms from Asia-Pacific countries has yet to be thoroughly *** the high level of hookworm endemicity in the region

关键词： Soil-transmitted helminths Neglected tropical diseases Mass drug administration Deworming Veterinary public health

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The bold sedentary behavior recommendations in the new Canadian guidelines: are they evidence-based? Response to “Sedentary Behavior Research Network members support new Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guideline recommendations”

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2020年第6期9卷 482-484页

作者： emmanuel Stamatakis adrian e.Bauman Charles Perkins Centre Faculty of Medicine and HealthSchool of Health SciencesUniversity of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia Charles Perkins Centre Faculty of Medicine and HealthSchool of Public HealthPrevention Research CollaborationUniversity of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia

Dear editor,We read with interest the commentary by Mark Tremblay and colleagues,1 which outlines the new 24-Hour Canadian sedentary behavior *** guidelines take the perspective of a continuum across the 24-h day,providing a vehicle for discussing physically active time,sitting and other sedentary time,as well as healthy sleep *** commentary 1 focuses on the sedentary behavior(SB)recommendations in these guidelines:(1)limiting sedentary time to8 h per day,(2)limiting recreational screen time to3 h,and(3)breaking up long periods of sitting as often as possible throughout the *** for this perspective was evidenced by a survey of a sample(n=126,6% of total)of Sedentary Behavior Research Network(SBRN)members2 indicating broad acceptance of these SB recommendations.1 In this response,we put this survey in context and discuss the evidence base underpinning these 3 Canadian sedentary-behavior recommendations.

关键词： limiting Canadian editor

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Diversity of endophytes across the soil-plant continuum for Atriplex spp. in arid environments

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Journal of Arid Land 2016年第2期8卷 241-253页

作者： Mohammad e TAHTAMOUNI Sa'eb KHReSAT Mary LUCeRO Jesus SIGALA adrian UNC New Mexico State University Department of Plant & Environmental Sciences Las Cruces NM 88003 USA Jordan University of Science and Technology Department of Natural Resources and Environment Irbid 22110 Jordan Seco Spice Chamberino NM 88027 USA Boreal ecosystems Research Initiative Memorial University of Newfoundland Corner Brook A2H 5G4 Canada University of Leeds School of Geography Leeds LS2 9JT UK

endophytes are hypothesized to be transferred across the soil-plant continuum, suggesting both the transfers of endophytes from environment to plant and from plant to soil. To verify this hypothesis and to assess the role of locality, we evaluated the similarity of microbial communities commonly found both in soils and endophytic communities in three arid regions, i.e. the Jornada LTeR （Long Term ecological Research） site in New Mexico, USA, and the research station of Jordan University of Science and Technology （JUST） and Khanasd research station in Badia region of Jordan. Rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils, leaves and seeds of Atriplex spp. were sampled. Diversity and distribution of bacteria and fungi across the soil-plant continuums were assessed by tag-encoded FLX amplicon pyrosequencing and sequence alignment. Of the total bacterial OTUs （operational taxonomic units）, 0.17% in Khanasri research station, 0.16% in research station of JUST, and 0.42% in Jornada LTeR site were commonly found across all the plant and soil compartments. The same was true for fungi in two regions, i.e. 1.56% in research station of JUST and 0.86% in Jornada LTeR site. However, in Khanasri research station, 12.08% of total fungi OTUs were found in at least one soil compartment and one plant compartment. Putative Arthrobacter, Sporosarcina, Cladosporium and members of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were found across all the soil-plant continuums. Ascomycota, mainly including Didymellaceae, Pleosporaceae and Davidiellaceae were present across all the soil-plant continuums. Microbial communities in two regions of Jordan were similar to each other, but both of them were different from the Jornada LTeR site of USA. SIMPeR （similarity percentage） analysis of bacterial and fungal taxa for both soil and endophyte communities revealed that dissimilarities of two bacterial genera （Arthrobacter and Sporosarcina） and two fungal genera （Cladosporium and Alternaria） are very high, so they play

关键词： endophytes microbial diversities soil-plant continuum pyrosequencing Atriplex spp.

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Testing discrete symmetries at a super τ-charm factory

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Frontiers of physics 2016年第1期11卷 17-25页

作者： adrian John Bevan Particle Physics Research Centre Queen Mary University of London Mile End Road London E1 4NS UK

Tests of discrete symmetry violation have played an important role in understanding the structure of weak interactions in the Standard Model of particle physics. Historically, these measurements have been extensively performed in experiments with large samples of K and B mesons. A high luminosity τ-charm facility presents physicists with the opportunity to comprehensively explore discrete symmetry violation and test the Standard Model using τ leptons, charm mesons, and charmed baryons. This paper discusses several possible measurements for a future T-charm factory.

关键词： discrete symmetries P C T CP CPT violation

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Long-term physical,mental and social health effects of COVID-19 in the pediatric population:a scoping review

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第3期18卷 149-159页

作者： Madeline Borel Luyu Xie Olivia Kapera adrian Mihalcea Jeffrey Kahn Sarah e.Messiah School of Public Health University of Texas Health Science CenterDallas Campus2777 N Stemmons FwyDallasTX 75207USA Center for Pediatric Population Health University of Texas Health School of Public Health and Children’s Health System of TexasDallasTXUSA School of Public Health University of Texas Health Science CenterAustin CampusAustinTXUSA School of Public Health University of Texas Health Science CenterHouston CampusHoustonTXUSA Department of Pediatrics University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUSA Children’s Health System of Texas DallasTXUSA

Background The majority of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)symptom presentations in adults and children appear to run their course within a couple of ***,a subgroup of adults has started to emerge with effects lasting several months or more after initial infection,which raises questions about the long-term physical,mental and social health effects of COVID-19 in the pediatric *** purpose of this review was to determine these impacts well into the second year of the *** A search was conducted using PubMed,Web of Science,Science Direct,and Cochrane between 11/1/2019 and 9/1/*** inclusion criteria were as follows:(1)COVID-19 illness and symptoms in children;(2)severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in children;(3)english language;and(4)human studies *** The few studies that have documented long-term physical symptoms in children show that fatigue,difficulty in concentrating(brain fog),sleep disturbances,and sensory problems are the most reported *** studies examining the impact of COVID-19 in pediatric populations have focused on initial clinical presentation,and symptoms,which are similar to those in adult *** addition,COVID-19 has had a moderate impact on children and adolescents’social environment,which may exacerbate current and future physiological,psychological,behavioral,and academic *** There are limited studies reporting long physical symptoms of COVID-19 in the pediatric ***,pediatric COVID-19 cases are underreported due to low rates of testing and symptomatic infection,which calls for more longitudinal *** who have experienced COVID-19 illness should be monitored for long physiological,psychological,behavioral,and academic outcomes.

关键词： Adolescents Children Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) Long-COVID symptoms

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