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Antifragility Analysis and Measurement Framework for Systems of Systems

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2013年第4期4卷 159-168页

作者： john johnson adrian V.Gheorghe Engineering Management and Systems Engineering Department Old Dominion University Norfolk VA 23529 USA

The twenty-first century is defined by the social and technical hazards we face.A hazardous situation is a condition,or event,that threatens the well-being of people,organizations,societies,environments,and *** most extreme of the hazards are considered X-Events and are an exogenous source of extreme stress to a system.X-Events can also be the unintended outputs of a system with both positive(serendipitous) and negative(catastrophic) *** can vary in their ability to withstand these stress *** ability exists on a continuum of fragility that ranges from fragile(degrading with stress),to robust(unchanged by stress),to antifragile(improving with stress).The state of the art does not include a method for analyzing or measuring *** that “what we measure we will improve,” the absence of a measurement approach limits the effectiveness of governance in making our systems less fragile and more robust if not *** authors present an antifragile system simulation model,and propose a framework for analyzing and measuring antifragility based on system of systems *** framework reduces a multidimensional concept of fragility into a two-dimensional continuous interval scale.

关键词： extreme unchanged consequences

Molecular confocal laser endomicroscopy:A novel technique for in vivo cellular characterization of gastrointestinal lesions

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第24期20卷 7794-7800页

作者： john Gasdal Karstensen Pia Helene Klausen adrian Saftoiu Peter Vilmann Gastro Unit Division of EndoscopyCopenhagen University Hospital Herlev2730 HerlevDenmark Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Craiova University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova200349 DoljRomania

While flexible endoscopy is essential for macroscopic evaluation,confocal laser endomicroscopy(CLE)has recently emerged as an endoscopic method enabling visualization at a cellular *** systems are currently available,one based on miniprobes that can be inserted via a conventional endoscope or via a needle guided by endoscopic *** second system has a confocal microscope integrated into the distal part of an *** adding molecular probes like fluorescein conjugated antibodies or fluorescent peptides to this procedure(either topically or systemically administered during on-going endoscopy),a novel world of molecular evaluation opens *** method of molecular CLE could potentially be used for estimating the expression of important receptors in carcinomas,subsequently resulting in immediate individualization of treatment regimens,but also for improving the diagnostic accuracy of endoscopic procedures by identifying otherwise invisible mucosal ***,studies have shown that fluorescein labelled drugs can be used to estimate the affinity of the drug to a target organ,which probably can be correlated to the efficacy of the ***,several of the studies in this research field have been conducted in animal facilities or in vitro,while only a limited number of trials have actually been carried out in ***,safety issues still needs further *** review will present an overview of the implications and pitfalls,as well as future challenges of molecular CLE in gastrointestinal diseases.

关键词： Confocal laser endomicroscopy Endoscopy imaging Colorectal carcinoma Barrett's esophagus Gastric carcinoma Inflammatory bowel disease

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding in Scotland 2000-2010: Improved outcomes but a significant weekend effect

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第38期21卷 10890-10897页

作者： Asma Ahmed Matthew Armstrong Ishbel Robertson Allan john Morris Oliver Blatchford adrian J Stanley GI Unit Glasgow Royal InfirmaryG4 0SF GlasgowUnited Kingdom ISD Scotland G2 6QE GlasgowUnited Kingdom Health Protection Scotland G2 6QE GlasgowUnited Kingdom

AIM: To assess numbers and case fatality of patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding(UGIB),effects of deprivation and whether weekend presentation affected ***: Data was obtained from Information Services Division(ISD) Scotland and National Records of Scotland(NRS) death records for a ten year period between 2000-2001 and 2009-2010. We obtained data from the ISD Scottish Morbidity Records(SMR01) database which holds data on inpatient and daycase hospital discharges from non-obstetric and nonpsychiatric hospitals in Scotland. The mortality data was obtained from NRS and linked with the ISD SMR01 database to obtain 30-d case fatality. We used 23 ICD-10(International Classification of diseases) codes which identify UGIB to interrogate database. We analysed these data for trends in number of hospital admissions with UGIB,30-d mortality over time and assessed effects of social deprivation. We compared weekend and weekday admissions for differences in 30-d mortality and length of hospital stay. We determined comorbidities for each admission to establish if comorbidities contributed to patient outcome. RESULTS: A total of 60643 Scottish residents were admitted with UGIH during January,2000 and October,2009. There was no significant change in annual number of admissions over time,but there was a statistically significant reduction in 30-d case fatality from 10.3% to 8.8%(P < 0.001) over these 10 years. Number of admissions with UGIB was higher for the patients from most deprived category(P < 0.05),although case fatality was higher for the patients from the least deprived category(P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant change in this trend between 2000/01-2009/10. Patients admitted with UGIB at weekends had higher 30-d case fatality compared with those admitted on weekdays(P < 0.001). Thirty day mortality remained significantly higher for patients admitted with UGIB at weekends after adjusting for comorbidities. Length of hospital stay was also h

关键词： Gastrointestinal Haemorrhage Mortality Endoscopy L

CHIM-geoelectrochemical method in search of concealed mineralisation in China and Australia

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2008年第2期27卷 198-202页

作者： LUO Xianrong HOU Baohong WEN Meilanna ZENG Nanshi john Keeling Roger Fidler adrian Fabris Guilin University of Technology Guilin 541004 China CRC LEME Primary Industries ＆ Resources South Australia （PIRSA） SA 5000 Australia

A version of the geoelectrochemical prospecting technique developed in China was demonstrated in China and Australia to test its suitability under both Chinese and Australian *** paper briefly describes the mechanism and effectiveness of the technique applied to search of concealed mineralisation through regolith cover,based on both experimental and field *** paer deals with three main aspects of the method: a) how metallic ions are released from orebodies by electrochemical dissolution;b)how these ions migrate to the collector and are deposited as elements by electrochemical extraction in the presence of an electric field; and c) the effectiveness of the method illustrated by some case studies.

关键词：地球化学矿化作用中国澳大利亚

Recovery rates of combination antibiotic therapy using in vitro microdialysis simulating in vivo conditions

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2018年第6期8卷 407-412页

作者： Jayesh A.Dhanani Suzanne L.Parker Jeffrey Lipman Steven C.Wallis Jeremy Cohen john Fraser adrian Barnett Michelle Chew Jason A.Roberts Burns Trauma and Critical Care Research Centre The University of Queensland UQ Centre for Clinical Research Department of Intensive Care Medicine Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital Faculty of Health Queensland University of Technology Critical Care Research Group The University of Queensland Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation & School of Public Health and Social Work Queensland University of Technology Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care and Department of Medical and Health Sciences Link?ping University School of Pharmacy The University of Queensland Department of Pharmacy Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital

Microdialysis is a technique used to measure the unbound antibiotic concentration in the interstitial spaces, the target site of action. In vitro recovery studies are essential to calibrating the microdialysis system for in vivo studies. The effect of a combination of antibiotics on recovery into microdialysate requires investigation. In vitro microdialysis recovery studies were conducted on a combination of vancomycin and tobramycin, in a simulated in vivo model. Comparison was made between recoveries for three different concentrations and three different perfusate flow rates. The overall relative recovery for vancomycin was lower than that of tobramycin. For tobramycin, a concentration of 20μg/mL and flow rate of 1.0μL/min had the best recovery. A concentration of 5.0μg/mL and flow rate of 1.0μL/min yielded maximal recovery for vancomycin. Large molecular size and higher protein binding resulted in lower relative recoveries for vancomycin. Perfusate flow rates and drug concentrations affected the relative recovery when a combination of vancomycin and tobramycin was tested. Low perfusate flow rates were associated with higher recovery rates. For combination antibiotic measurement which includes agents that are highly protein bound, in vitro studies performed prior to in vivo studies may ensure the reliable measurement of unbound concentrations.

关键词： Microdialysis Combination antibiotic therapy Relative recovery rate Pharmacokinetics Anti-infectives Protein binding

AI-Based Modeling and Data-Driven Evaluation for Smart Manufacturing Processes

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2020年第4期7卷 1026-1037页

作者： Mohammadhossein Ghahramani Yan Qiao Meng Chu Zhou adrian O’Hagan James Sweeney the University College Dublin BelfieldDublin 4Ireland the Institute of Systems Engineering Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacaoChina the Helen and john C.Hartmann Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering New Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkNJ 07102 USA the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Dublin 8Ireland

Smart manufacturing refers to optimization techniques that are implemented in production operations by utilizing advanced analytics approaches. With the widespread increase in deploying industrial internet of things(IIOT) sensors in manufacturing processes, there is a progressive need for optimal and effective approaches to data *** machine learning and artificial intelligence to take advantage of manufacturing data can lead to efficient and intelligent automation. In this paper, we conduct a comprehensive analysis based on evolutionary computing and neural network algorithms toward making semiconductor manufacturing *** propose a dynamic algorithm for gaining useful insights about semiconductor manufacturing processes and to address various challenges. We elaborate on the utilization of a genetic algorithm and neural network to propose an intelligent feature selection algorithm. Our objective is to provide an advanced solution for controlling manufacturing processes and to gain perspective on various dimensions that enable manufacturers to access effective predictive technologies.

关键词： Artificial intelligence(AI) cyber physical systems feature selection genetic algorithms(GA) industrial internet of things(IIOT) machine learning neural network(NN) smart manufacturing

New Partnerships for Co-delivery of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2020年第5期11卷 680-685页

作者： adrian Bucher Andrew Collins Ben Heaven Taylor David Pan Emma Visman James Norris Joel CGill john Rees Mark Felling Marta Tufet Bayona Sonia Cassidy Virginia Murray UK Collaborative on Development Research London NW12BEUK Disaster and Development Network(DDN) Department of Geography and Environmental SciencesNorthumbria UniversityNewcastle-upon-Tyne NE18STUK Evidence Aid AbingdonOxfordshire OX135DBUK Global Health Medical Research Council SwindonSwindon SN21FLUK Department of Geography King's College LondonLondon WC2B 4BGUK VNG Consulting Limited Kent TN248DHUK Ordnance Survey Southampton SO16 OASUK Global Geoscience British Geological SurveyKeyworth NG125GGUK Earth Hazards and Observatories British Geological SurveyNottingham NG123ENUK ALLFED LondonUK Global Disaster Risk Reduction Public Health EnglandLondon SE18UGUK

Partnerships have become a comer stone of contemporary research that recognizes working across disciplines and co-production with intended users as essential to enabling sustainable ***,research that addresses sustainable development challenges brings an urgent need to reflect on the ways that partnerships are supported,and for the disaster risk management and resilience communities,efforts to support realization of the wider 2030 Agenda for sustainable development bring particular *** November 2019,the UK Disasters Research Group(DRG)brought together a number of key stakeholders focused on disaster risk,resilience,and sustainability research relevant to Official DevelopmeAssistance to consider how fit for purpose existing partnership models are for the pace of change required to deliver the priorities of the wider 2030 *** were invited to discuss how research partnerships across three levels(individual and project-based;national and institutional;and international)could be improved based on elements that facilitate robust partnerships and learning from aspects that hinder *** the discussions,participanls emphasized the importance of effective communication mechanisms in building partnerships,co-designing projects,and establishing shared *** approaches to addressing equitable partnerships and funding more substantive timelines will be key to responding to the challenges of the 2030 Agenda.

关键词： 2030 Agenda for sustainable development Disaster risk reduction DRG Inter national development Partnerships Research fun ding

Exercise interventions for older adults: A systematic review of meta-analyses

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2021年第1期10卷 29-47,I0001页

作者： Claudio Di Lorito Annabelle Long adrian Byrne Rowan H.Harwood john R.F.Gladman Stefan Schneider Pip Logan Alessandro Bosco Veronika van der Wardt Division of Rehabilitation Ageingand WellbeingSchool of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottingham NG72UHUK Division of Health Sciences School of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottingham NG72UHUK Institute of Movement and Neurosciences German Sport UniversityCologne 50933Germany Division of Psychiatry and Applied Psychology School of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottingham NG72UHUK Center for Methodology and Health Research Department of General MedicinePreventive and Rehabilitative MedicinePhilipps-Universität MarburgMarburg 35032Germany

Background:The evidence concerning which physical exercise characteristics are most effective for older adults is *** aimed to characterize the extent of this diversity and inconsistency and identify future directions for research by undertaking a systematic review of metaanalyses of exercise interventions in older ***:We searched the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews,PsycInfo,MEDLINE,Embase,CINAHL,AMED,SPORTDiscus,and Web of Science for articles that met the following criteria:(1)meta-analyses that synthesized measures of improvement(e.g.,effect sizes)on any outcome identified in studies of exercise interventions;(2)participants in the studies meta-analyzed were adults aged 65+or had a mean age of 70+;(3)meta-analyses that included studies of any type of exercise,including its duration,frequency,intensity,and mode of delivery;(4)interventions that included multiple components(e.g.,exercise and cognitive stimulation),with effect sizes that were computed separately for the exercise component;and(5)meta-analyses that were published in any year or *** characteristics of the reviews,of the interventions,and of the parameters improved through exercise were reported through narrative *** of the interventions linked to the largest improvements was carried out by identifying the highest values for improvement recorded across the *** study included 56 meta-analyses that were heterogeneous in relation to population,sample size,settings,outcomes,and intervention ***:The largest effect sizes for improvement were found for resistance training,meditative movement interventions,and exercise-based active ***:The review identified important gaps in research,including a lack of studies investigating the benefits of group interventions,the characteristics of professionals delivering the interventions associated with better outcomes,and the impact of motivational strategies and of sig

关键词： Intervention Meta-analyses Old Physical exercise Systematic review

Bilateral congenital dacryocystoceles with intranasal mucoceles in the neonate: Case report and review of literature

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2012年第2期2卷 178-180页

作者： Kenneth M. Wong adrian W. Jachens john Bortz Augustine Moscatello Department of Ophthalmology Westchester Medical Center New York USA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery New York Eye and Ear Infirmary New York USA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Westchester Medical Center New York USA

Congenital dacryocystoceles with intranasal mucoceles are an uncommon entity. The overwhelming majority of reported cases are unilateral in nature. We present a rare case of a neonate with bilateral congenital dacryocystoceles with intranasal mucoceles. Management of dacryocystoceles includes medical and surgical treatment. Literature review revealed 186 reported cases of congenital dacryocystoceles with 82 associated with intranasal mucoceles. Prevalence rates ranged between 11% to 100%. Our case highlights the importance of nasal endoscopy in the work up and identification given the high prevalence rate of intranasal mucocele component in patients with congenital dacryocystoceles.

关键词： Dacryocystocele Intranasal Mucocele Amniotocele Lacrimal Sac Cyst