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Principles for managing marine ecosystems prone to tipping points

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2015年第5期1卷 15-32页

作者： Kimberly A.Selkoe Thorsten Blenckner Margaret R.Caldwell Larry B.Crowder Ashley L.Erickson Timothy E.Essington James A.Estes Rod M.Fujita Benjamin S.Halpern Mary E.Hunsicker Carrie V.Kappel Ryan P.Kelly john N.Kittinger Phillip S.Levin john M.Lynham Megan E.Mach Rebecca G.Martone Lindley A.Mease Anne KSalomon Jameal F.Samhouri Courtney Scarborough adrian C.Stier Crow White Joy Zedler National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis 735 State StreetSuite 300Santa BarbaraCalifornia 93101 USA Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology University of HawaiiKaneoheHawaii 96744 USA Stockholm Resilience Centre Stockholm UniversityKra¨ftriket 2B10691 StockholmSweden Center for Ocean Solutions Stanford Woods Institute for the EnvironmentStanford University473 Via Ortega Room 193StanfordCalifornia 94305 USA School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences University of WashingtonSeattleWashington 98195 USA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology 100 Shaffer RoadUniversity of CaliforniaSanta CruzCalifornia 95060 USA Environmental Defense Fund 123 Mission Street28th FloorSan FranciscoCalifornia 94105 USA Bren School of Environmental Science and Management University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCalifornia 93106 USA Imperial College London Silwood Park CampusBuckhurst RoadAscot SL57PY United Kingdom School of Marine and Environmental Affairs University of Washington3707 Brooklyn Avenue NESeattleWashington 98105-6715 USA Conservation International Betty and Gordon Moore Center for Science and Oceans7192 Kalaniana‘ole HighwaySuite G230HonoluluHawaii 96825 USA Conservation Biology Division Northwest Fisheries Science CenterNational Marine Fisheries ServiceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration2725 Montlake Boulevard EastSeattleWashington 98112 USA Department of Economics University of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHawaii 96822 USA School of Resource and Environmental Management Simon Fraser UniversityBurnabyBritish Columbia V5A1S6 Canada Department of Biological Sciences California Polytechnic State UniversitySan Luis ObispoCalifornia 93407 USA Botany Department University of WisconsinMadisonWisconsin 53706 USA

As climatic changes and human uses intensify,resource managers and other decision makers are taking actions to either avoid or respond to ecosystem tipping points,or dramatic shifts in structure and function that are often costly and hard to *** indicates that explicitly addressing tipping points leads to improved management *** on theory and examples from marine systems,we distill a set of seven principles to guide effective management in ecosystems with tipping points,derived from the best available *** principles are based on observations that tipping points(1)are possible everywhere,(2)are associated with intense and/or multifaceted human use,(3)may be preceded by changes in earlywarning indicators,(4)may redistribute benefits among stakeholders,(5)affect the relative costs of action and inaction,(6)suggest biologically informed management targets,and(7)often require an adaptive response to *** suggest that early action to preserve system resilience is likely more practical,affordable,and effective than late action to halt or reverse a tipping *** articulate a conceptual approach to management focused on linking management targets to thresholds,tracking early-warning signals of ecosystem instability,and stepping up investment in monitoring and mitigation as the likelihood of dramatic ecosystem change *** approach can simplify and economize management by allowing decision makers to capitalize on the increasing value of precise information about threshold relationships when a system is closer to tipping or by ensuring that restoration effort is sufficient to tip a system into the desired regime.

关键词： critical transition ecosystem-based management marine spatial planning nonlinear relationships restoration ecology stakeholder engagement

From river blindness control to elimination:bridge over troubled water

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 215-229页

作者： Robert Colebunders Maria-Gloria Basanez Katja Siling Rory J.Post Anke Rotsaert Bruno Mmbando Patrick Suykerbuyk adrian Hopkins Global Health Institute University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research Imperial College LondonLondonUK Institute of Tropical Medicine AntwerpBelgium London School of Hygiene&Tropical Medicine LondonUK Liverpool john Moores University LiverpoolUK National Institute for Medical Research TangaTanzania Neglected and Disabling diseases of Poverty Consultant GravesendKentUK

Background:An estimated 25 million people are currently infected with onchocerciasis(a parasitic infection caused by the filarial nematode Onchocerca volvulus and transmitted by Simulium vectors),and 99%of these are in sub-Saharan *** African Programme for Onchocerciasis Control closed in December 2015 and the World Health Organization has established a new structure,the Expanded Special Project for the Elimination of Neglected Tropical Diseases for the coordination of technical support for activities focused on five neglected tropical diseases in Africa,including onchocerciasis ***:In this paper we argue that despite the delineation of a reasonably well-defined elimination strategy,its implementation will present particular difficulties in *** aim to highlight these in an attempt to ensure that they are well understood and that effective plans can be laid to solve them by the countries concerned and their international ***:A specific concern is the burden of disease caused by onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy in hyperendemic zones situated in countries experiencing difficulties in strengthening their onchocerciasis control *** difficulties should be identified and programmes supported during the transition from morbidity control to interruption of transmission and elimination.

关键词： Onchocerciasis Control Elimination Monitoring&evaluation Community drug distributors Epilepsy Prevalence Incidence

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改进高校IT服务支持混合工作模式——EDUCAUSE 2023年度十大IT议题(五)

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中国教育网络 2023年第4期 42-44页

作者： Brian Basgen adrian Ellison Curt Hillegas Pekka Kahkipuro Leah Kraus john Stroud David Ayersman Barron Koralesky Emma Woodcock 杨望(译) 不详东南大学

EDUCAUSE日前发布了《2023年度十大IT议题:基础模型》报告,描述了高校未来将如何发展的基础模型(FoundationModels),这些模型由领导力、数据、工作和学习三个主题构建而成。与人工智能的基础模型一样,高等教育的基础模型会带来巨大好处... 详细信息

EDUCAUSE日前发布了《2023年度十大IT议题:基础模型》报告,描述了高校未来将如何发展的基础模型(FoundationModels),这些模型由领导力、数据、工作和学习三个主题构建而成。与人工智能的基础模型一样,高等教育的基础模型会带来巨大好处,可能代表着学校前进的最佳路线。本刊将逐期刊载该报告。

关键词：人工智能 EDUCAUSE IT服务最佳路线基础模型高等教育领导力主题构建

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Physical and chemical characterization of sediments from an Andean river exposed to mining and agricultural activities: The Moquegua River, Peru

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2022年第6期37卷 780-793页

作者： Luis de Los Santos Valladares Juan Luis Ccamapaza Renato Arturo Valencia-Bedregal Luis Enrique Borja-Castro Jose Velazquez-Garcia Dehiwalage Harshani Nimalika Perera adrian Ionescu David Arvidsson Eustace Peregrine Barnes Peter Newton Hugo Lepage Patrick Byrne Angel Guillermo Bustamante Dominguez Crispin H.W.Barnes Cavendish Laboratory Department of Physics University of Cambridge Escuela Acad emico Profesional de Ingeniería Ambiental Universidad Nacional de Moquegua Provincia de Mariscal Nieto Laboratorio de Cer amicos y Nanomateriales Facultad de Ciencias Físicas Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos School of Biological and Environmental Science Liverpool John Moores University

This study presents an analysis of sediments in an Andean river impacted by both natural conditions and anthropogenic activities. Fifty samples were collected from selected sites throughout the Moquegua River drainage basin, and Tambo River headwaters at Pasto Grande, in Peru, and analysed with X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. Si, Ca, Al, Fe, and O, common constituents of soils, were dominant, along with K, N, and P. The latter originating as primary macronutrients or chemical residuals from fertilizers used in agriculture. Higher concentrations of macronutrients and organic components were found in agricultural and urban areas, respectively. Arsenic minerals were also detected, which occur naturally, but possibly at levels augmented by anthropogenic activity. The application of cluster analysis revealed clustering between arsenic, arsenolite, and potassium but no significant geospatial correlation between sample sites in the drainage basin.

关键词： Andean river Moquegua river Sediments Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy TG-DTG/DTA Clustering analysis

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伊丽莎白二世的君主制革命

商业周刊（中文版） 2022年第15期 6-8页

作者： adrian Wooldridge 简远(译) 王忠(译) 不详

英国在位时间最长的君主伊丽莎白二世辞世。这对很多英国人来说就像是一位家庭成员去世。女王出生于约翰·罗杰·贝尔德(john Logie Baird)首次公开展示电视这一家电的1926年。1953年加冕时正值约瑟夫·斯大林(Joseph Stalin)去世。女... 详细信息

英国在位时间最长的君主伊丽莎白二世辞世。这对很多英国人来说就像是一位家庭成员去世。女王出生于约翰·罗杰·贝尔德(john Logie Baird)首次公开展示电视这一家电的1926年。1953年加冕时正值约瑟夫·斯大林(Joseph Stalin)去世。女王与世界在一起的时间如此之长,只有很少人能记得她没有出现之前的生活。她在位的时间比英国任何君主都长,更是远超其高祖母维多利亚女王。

关键词：伊丽莎白二世在位时间维多利亚女王贝尔德君主制约翰·罗家庭成员

Report of the first international workshop on onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 238-242页

作者： Robert Colebunders Michel Mandro Alfred K.Njamnshi Michel Boussinesq An Hotterbeekx Joseph Kamgno Sarah O’Neill adrian Hopkins Patrick Suykerbuyk Maria-Gloria Basanez Rory J.Post Belen Pedrique Pierre-Marie Preux Wilma A.Stolk Thomas B.Nutman Richard Idro Global Health Institute University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium Provincial Health Division of Ituri BuniaDemocratic Republic of the Congo Department of Neurology Yaounde Central Hospital/University of Yaounde 1Brain Research Africa Initiative(BRAIN)YaoundeCameroon Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement(IRD) MontpellierFrance Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases(CRFilMT) and Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Yaounde 1YaoundeCameroon Department of Public Health Institute of Tropical MedicineAntwerpBelgium Neglected and Disabling Diseases of Poverty Consultant KentUK London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research Imperial College LondonLondonUK London School of Hygiene&Tropical Medicine and Liverpool john Moores University LondonUK Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative GenevaSwitzerland Preux Pierre-Marie INSERMUniversity LimogesCHU LimogesUMR_S 1094Tropical NeuroepidemiologyInstitute of Neuroepidemiology and Tropical NeurologyCNRS FR 3503 GEIST87000 LimogesFrance Department of Public Health Erasmus MCUniversity Medical Centre RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA Makerere University College of Health SciencesKampalaUganda

Background:Recently,several epidemiological studies performed in Onchocerca volvulus-endemic regions have suggested that onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy(OAE)may constitute an important but neglected public health problem in many countries where onchocerciasis is still *** text:On October 12-14th 2017,the first international workshop on onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy(OAE)was held in Antwerp,*** workshop was attended by 79 participants from 20 different *** research findings strongly suggest that *** is an important contributor to epilepsy,particularly in meso-and hyperendemic areas for *** with *** is associated with a spectrum of epileptic seizures,mainly generalised tonic-clonic seizures but also atonic neck seizures(nodding),and stunted *** is characterised by an onset of seizures between the ages of 3-18 *** working groups discussed topics such as how to 1)strengthen the evidence for an association between onchocerciasis and epilepsy,2)determine the burden of disease caused by OAE,3)prevent OAE,4)improve the treatment/care for persons with OAE and affected families,5)identify the pathophysiological mechanism of OAE,and 6)deal with misconceptions,stigma,discrimination and gender violence associated with *** OAE Alliance was created to increase awareness about OAE and its public health importance,stimulate research and disseminate research findings,and create partnerships between OAE researchers,communities,advocacy groups,ministries of health,non-governmental organisations,the pharmaceutical industry and funding ***:Although the exact pathophysiological mechanism underlying OAE remains unknown,there is increasing evidence that by controlling and eliminating onchocerciasis,OAE will also ***,OAE constitutes an additional argument for strengthening onchocerciasis elimination *** the high numbers of people with epilepsy

关键词： Onchocerciasis Epilepsy Nodding syndrome Nakalanga syndrome Prevalence Burden of disease Africa

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Quality Assuring a Ring Vortex Flow Phantom in Real-Time

作者： (英)约翰·米克尔思韦特(john Micklethwait) 阿德里安·伍尔德里奇(adrian Wooldridge)

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Hpv E6/E7 Mrna Testing In Cervical Cancer Screening:Preliminary Results From A Multicentre Canadian Study

Open Journal of Medical Imaging（医学影像期刊） 2023年第1期

作者： Alana S. Matthews Kelvin Simatwo Andrew Narracott Simone Ambrogio adrian Walker john W. Fenner

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Hpv E6/E7 Mrna Testing In Cervical Cancer Screening:Prelimin...