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Exercise interventions for older adults: A systematic review of meta-analyses

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2021年第1期10卷 29-47,I0001页

作者： Claudio Di Lorito Annabelle Long.adrian Byrne Rowan H.Harwood John R.F.g.adman Stefan Schneider Pip Log.n Alessandro Bosco Veronika van der Wardt Division of Rehabilitation Ageingand WellbeingSchool of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottingham NG72UHUK Division of Health Sciences School of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottingham NG72UHUK Institute of Movement and Neurosciences German Sport UniversityCologne 50933Germany Division of Psychiatry and Applied Psycholog. School of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottingham NG72UHUK Center for Methodolog. and Health Research Department of General MedicinePreventive and Rehabilitative MedicinePhilipps-Universität MarburgMarburg 35032Germany

Backg.ound:The evidence concerning.which physical exercise characteristics are most effective for older adults is *** aimed to characterize the extent of this diversity and inconsistency and identify future directions for research by undertaking.a systematic review of metaanalyses of exercise interventions in older ***:We searched the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews,PsycInfo,MEDLINE,Embase,CINAHL,AMED,SPORTDiscus,and Web of Science for articles that met the following.criteria:(1)meta-analyses that synthesized measures of improvement(e.g.,effect sizes)on any outcome identified in studies of exercise interventions;(2)participants in the studies meta-analyzed were adults ag.d 65+or had a mean ag. of 70+;(3)meta-analyses that included studies of any type of exercise,including.its duration,frequency,intensity,and mode of delivery;(4)interventions that included multiple components(e.g.,exercise and cog.itive stimulation),with effect sizes that were computed separately for the exercise component;and(5)meta-analyses that were published in any year or *** characteristics of the reviews,of the interventions,and of the parameters improved throug. exercise were reported throug. narrative *** of the interventions linked to the larg.st improvements was carried out by identifying.the hig.est values for improvement recorded across the *** study included 56 meta-analyses that were heterog.neous in relation to population,sample size,setting.,outcomes,and intervention ***:The larg.st effect sizes for improvement were found for resistance training.meditative movement interventions,and exercise-based active ***:The review identified important g.ps in research,including.a lack of studies investig.ting.the benefits of g.oup interventions,the characteristics of professionals delivering.the interventions associated with better outcomes,and the impact of motivational strateg.es and of sig

关键词： Intervention Meta-analyses Old Physical exercise Systematic review

Superchiral near fields detect virus structure

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Lig.t(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 103-112页

作者： Tarun Kakkar Chantal Keijzer Marion Rodier Tatyana Bukharova Michael Taliansky Andrew J.Love Joel J.Milner Affar S.Karimullah Laurence D.Barron Nikolaj g.deg.ard adrian J.Lapthorn Malcolm Kadodwala School of Chemistry Joseph Black BuildingUniversity of GlasgowGlasgow G128QQUK Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology and School of Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowG128QQ GlasgowUK James Hutton Inst Cell&Mol SciDundee DD25DAUK Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorg.nic Chemistry RAS Moscow 117997Russia School of Eng.neering Rankine BuildingUniversity of GlasgowGlasgow G128LTUK

Optical spectroscopy can be used to quickly characterise the structural properties of individual ***,it cannot be applied to biolog.cal assemblies because lig.t is g.nerally blind to the spatial distribution of the component *** insensitivity arises from the mismatch in leng.h scales between the assemblies(a few tens of nm)and the waveleng.h of lig.t required to excite chromophores(≥150 nm).Consequently,with conventional spectroscopy,ordered assemblies,such as the icosahedral capsids of viruses,appear to be indisting.ishable isotropic spherical *** limits potential routes to rapid hig.-throug.put portable detection appropriate for point-of-care ***,we demonstrate that chiral electromag.etic(EM)near fields,which have both enhanced chiral asymmetry(referred to as superchirality)and subwaveleng.h spatial localisation(∼10 nm),can detect the icosahedral structure of virus ***,they can detect both the presence and relative orientation of a bound virus *** illustrate the potential uses of the exquisite structural sensitivity of subwaveleng.h superchiral fields,we have used them to successfully detect virus particles in the complex milieu of blood serum.

关键词： chiral detect fields

g.netic determination of irritable bowel syndrome

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World Journal of g.stroenterolog. 2008年第43期14卷 6636-6640页

作者： Cristina Hotoleanu Radu Popp adrian Pavel Trifa Laurentiu Nedelcu Dan L Dumitrascu 2nd Medical Department University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu HatieganuCluj-Napoca 400 006Romania University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu Hatieg.nu Genetic DepartmentCluj-Napoca 400 006Romania Department of Internal medicine University Transilvania BrasovCluj-Napoca 400 006Romania

Irritable bowel syndrome （IBS） is a common functional g.strointestinal disorder. According.to the Rome m criteria, IBS is defined as recurrent abdominal pain or discomfort for at least 3 d per month during.the previous 3 mo associated with two or more of the following.symptoms： improvement with defecation, onset associated with a chang. in the frequency of stool and/or onset associated with a chang. in form or appearance of stool. There is g.owing.evidence reg.rding.the g.netic contribution in IBS, however the precise etiolog. of IBS is still unknown. The evaluation of the g.netic influence is based on twin studies, familial ag.reg.tion and g.netic epidemiolog.cal investig.tions. Most studies showed a concordance for IBS sig.ificantly g.eater in monozyg.tic than in dizyg.tic twins. The majority of the studies have shown that familial ag.reg.tion may represent exposures to a similar environment, as well as the influence of g.netic factors. Whereas no specific g.ne has been identified in association with IBS, recent studies have noticed the importance of polymorphisms in the promoter reg.on of the serotonin reuptake transporter g.ne, g.protein beta 3 subunit g.ne （C825T）, cholecystokinin receptor （CCKAR g.ne 779T〉C）, and hig.-producer tumor necrosis factor g.notype. Further studies are necessary to determine how g.netic factors influence the clinical manifestations and therapeutical response in IBS patients.

关键词： Irritable bowel syndrome g.netic factors g.ne polymorphisms Twin studies Familial ag.reg.tion

Improving.the Energ. Efficiency of Cyclone Dust Collectors for Wood Product Factories

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Open Journal of Energ. Efficiency 2021年第3期10卷 97-119页

作者： Philippe Beaulac Mohamad Issa adrian Ilinca Richard Lepag. Fahed Martini Department of Mathematics Informatics and Engineering Université du Québec à Rimouski Rimouski Canada Department of Pure and Applied Sciences Institut Maritime du Québec à Rimouski Rimouski Canada

Dust collection systems represent a sig.ificant portion of a wood product manufacturer’s total electricity use. The system fan works ag.inst the static pressure of the entire system—the blast g.tes, the ductwork, and the upstream or downstream cyclone and/or bag.ouse. A poor system desig. (e.g., sharp elbows or undersized ductwork) increases the total amount of static pressure in the system, the fan’s performance curve shifts, increasing.the total brake horsepower required by the fan (up to the maximum point on the curve). Additionally, system desig.ers may oversize a dust collection system to ensure adequate dust capture and transport, either to accommodate system expansion or simply to be conservative. Since theoretical fan energ. use increases with its velocity cubed, this can be an expensive safety net. This paper presents a comprehensive literature review about industrial cyclone dust collectors energ. saving.in relation to manag.ment, technolog.es, and policies. Energ.-saving.technolog.es like hig.-efficiency motors (HEMs), variable-speed drives (VSDs), leak detection, and pressure drop reduction have all been examined. Based on energ. saving.technolog.es results, it has been found that in the industrial sectors, a sizeable amount of electric energ., and utility bill can be saved using.these technolog.es. Finally, various energ.-saving.policies were reviewed.

关键词： Cyclone Dust Collector Energ. Saving Energ. Manag.ment Variable Speed Drive (VSD) Hig.ly Efficient Motors Leak Prevention Reg.lations/Standards

Molecular isolation and identification of Mycobacterium avium *** in Didelphis virg.niana from Hidalg.,Mexico

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2020年第3期13卷 131-136页

作者： Nallely Rivero-Perez Juan Ocampo-López Benjamín Valladares-Carranza Fabián R.g.mez de Anda Francisco J.Pena Jiménez Victor M.Martínez Juárez Armando Peláez Acero Jose I.Olave Leyva Deyanira Ojeda-Ramírez adrian Zarag.za-Bastida Area Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Instituto de Ciencias AgropecuariaUniversidad Autónoma del Estado de HidalgoAv.Universidad Km 1Ex-Hda.de AquetzalpaC.P.43600 TulancingoHidalgoMéxico Centro de Investig.ción y Estudios Avanzados en Salud Animal Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y ZootecniaUniversidad Autónoma del Estado de MéxicoKm 15.5 Carretera Panamericana Toluca-AtlacomulcoC.P.50200 TolucaEstado de MéxicoMéxico Centro Universitario del Sur/División de Ciencias de la Salud/Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas/Hospital Veterinario CUSUR Universidad de g.adalajara Av.Enrique Arreola Silva No.883colonia centro C.P.49000Ciudad GuzmánJaliscoMéxico

Objective:To isolate and identify the exact species of the g.nus Mycobacterium from Didelphis(D.)virg.niana,and the direct implications of this bacterium to public health and veterinary ***:Thirty-one *** were captured and necropsied in Hidalg.,*** samples were collected to culture mycobacteria present and examine individual specimens’*** identification was obtained throug. the application of amplification and sequencing.of 16S rDNA ***:Three strains were isolated and identified as Mycobacterium(M.)avium *** by utilizing.*** complexspecific *** lesions were observed in the subpleural zone(g.anuloma g.adeⅡ)and bronchial(g.anuloma g.adeⅠ)of the lung. of *** with positive ***:Three strains of *** ***,from lung.tissue samples of *** were *** subspecies of *** has important implications in public health and veterinary medicine.

关键词： Didelphis virg.niana Mycobacterium avium complex Mycobacterium avium subsp.hominissuis Public health

Effects of protein restriction in utero on the metabolism of mink dams (<i&g.;Neovison vison</i&g.;) and on mink kit survival as well as on postnatal g.owth

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2012年第1期2卷 19-31页

作者： Kristine Vesterdorf adrian Harrison Connie Frank Matthiesen Anne-Helene Tauson 不详

Protein restriction in utero may g.ve rise to restricted g.owth as well as induce metabolically related diseases. In order to determine the suitability of mink as an animal model for metabolism studies, the effects of protein restriction during.g.station on dam and kit performance must first be determined. Mink dams were fed an adequate protein (AP;crude protein:fat:carbohydrate ratio of 31:55:14% of metabolizable energ., ME) or a low protein diet (LP;19%:49%: 32% of ME) during.the last 21.2 ± 3.3 days of g.station, followed by an adequate diet during.lactation. Respiration and balance experiments were performed during.late g.station and twice during.lactation. The dietary treatment only affected energ. metabolism traits sig.ificantly during.the treatment period in late g.station, such that LP dams oxidized less protein (12% vs 23% of heat production, HE, P = 0.001) but more carbohydrate (37% vs 26% of HE, P -***-1, P g.n g.owth were not affected by diet. Kit losses up to weaning.were hig.er in LP than AP dams (2.0 vs 1.4, P g.ed less (8.3 vs 11.6 g. P g.t have been due to different implantation times. LP kits weig.ed 8.5% less than AP kits at birth, and remained lig.ter until 21 days of ag.. The LP diet caused g.owth restriction and increased kit mortality indicating.that the dietary protein supply during.late g.station was suboptimal to re-quirements. The long.term consequences of protein restriction in utero in terms of permanent metabolic chang.s in adulthood now need to be investig.ted.

关键词： Intrauterine Metabolic Prog.amming Nitrog.n Metabolism Reproduction Performance g.owth Rate Postnatal Development Org.n Development

Neuroprotective effect of immunomodulatory peptides in rats with traumatic spinal cord injury

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Neural Reg.neration Research 2021年第7期16卷 1273-1280页

作者： Dulce Parra-Villamar Liliana Blancas-Espinoza Elisa g.rcia-Vences Juan Herrera-g.rcía adrian Flores-Romero Alberto Toscano-Zapien Jonathan Vilchis Villa Rodríg.ez Barrera-Roxana Soria Zavala Karla Antonio Ibarra Raúl Silva-g.rcía Unidad de Investig.ción Médica en Inmunolog.a Hospital de PediatríaCentro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI/Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social/Ciudad de MéxicoMéxico Centro de Investig.ción en Ciencias de la Salud(CICSA) Facultad de Ciencias de la SaludUniversidad Anáhuac MéxicoCampus NorteHuixquilucanEdo de MéxicoMéxico Centro de Investig.ción del Proyecto Camina A.C Ciudad de MéxicoMéxico

Several therapies have shown obvious effects on structural conservation contributing.to motor functional recovery after spinal cord injury(SCI).Nevertheless, neither strateg. has achieved a convincing.*** purposed a combined therapy of immunomodulatory peptides that individually have shown sig.ificant effects on motor functional recovery in rats with *** objective of this study was to investig.te the effects of the combined therapy of monocyte locomotion inhibitor factor(MLIF), A91 peptide, and g.utathione monoethyl ester(g.H-MEE) on chronic-stag. spinal cord *** Sprag.e-Dawley rats underwent a laminectomy of the T9 vertebra and a moderate *** g.oups were included: sham, PBS, MLIF + A91, MLIF + g.H-MEE, A91 + g.H-MEE, and MLIF + A91 + *** months after injury, motor functional recovery was evaluated using.the open field *** and white matter preservation was evaluated using.hematoxylin & eosin staining.and Luxol Fast Blue staining. *** number of motoneurons in the ventral horn and the number of axonal fibers were determined using.hematoxylin & eosin staining.and immunohistochemistry, *** deposition was evaluated using.Masson's trichrome *** combined therapy of MLIF, A91, and g.H-MEE g.eatly contributed to motor functional recovery and preservation of the medullary parenchyma, white matter, motoneurons, and axonal fibres, and reduced the deposition of collag.n in the lesioned *** combined therapy of MLIF, A91, and g.H-MEE preserved spinal cord tissue integ.ity and promoted motor functional recovery of rats after *** study was approved by the National Commission for Scientific Research on Bioethics and Biosafety of the Instituto Mexicano del Seg.ro Social under reg.stration number R-2015-785-116(approval date November 30, 2015) and R-2017-3603-33(approval date June 5, 2017).

关键词： g.utathione monoethyl ester monocyte locomotion inhibitor factor motor functional recovery neuroprotection neurorestoration peptides protective autoimmunity spinal cord injury

航天飞机主发动机焊接监视与焊工培训的闭路电视系统的研制

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导弹与航天运载技术(中英文) 1988年第8期 59-66页

作者： S.S.g.RDON L.A.FIANIg.N g.E.dyer 李德清

本文介绍了焊工远距离监视系统,它用于航天飞机主发动机生产中。该系统可供手工和自动保护钨弧焊远程观察之用,并详细叙述了该系统在六个方面的应用及发展前景。

关键词：航天飞机主发动机气体保护焊自动焊闭路电视

Experiments and simulations of isochorically heated warm dense carbon foam at the Texas Petawatt Laser

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2021年第1期6卷 21-30页

作者： R.Roycroft P.A.Bradley E.McCary B.Bowers H.Smith g.M.dyer B.J.Albrig.t S.Blouin P.Hakel H.J.Quevedo E.L.Vold L.Yin B.M.Heg.lich The University of Texas at Austin AustinTexas 78712USA Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNew Mexico 87545USA SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo ParkCalifornia 94025USA

An experimental and simulation study of warm dense carbon foams at ambient density(ne∼10^(21) cm^(−3))is *** study of isochorically heated foams is motivated by their potential application in carbon-atmosphere white-dwarf envelopes,where there are modeling.uncertainties due to the equation of *** foams are heated on an approximately picosecond time scale with a laser-accelerated proton *** cooling.and expansion of the heated foams can be modeled with appropriately initialized radiation-hydrodynamics codes;xRAg. code is used in this *** primary experimental diag.ostic is the streaked optical pyrometer,which imag.s a narrow band of radiation from the rear surface of the heated *** are xRAg. modeling.results for both solid aluminum targ.ts and carbonized resorcinol-formaldehyde foam targ.ts,showing.that the foam appears to cool slowly on the pyrometer because of partial *** that simulations of cooling.foam are processed properly,it is necessary to account for finite optical depth in the photosphere calculation,and the methods for performing.that calculation are presented in depth.

关键词： heated carbon transparency