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Electromagnetic effects on anisotropic expansion-free fluid content

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2023年第10期75卷 79-89页

作者： Z Yousaf H Asad Bander Almutairi adnan malik Department of Mathematics University of the PunjabQuaid-i-Azam CampusLahore-54590Pakistan Department of Mathematics College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 2455 Riyadh 11451Saudi Arabia School of Mathematical Sciences Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhuaZhejiangChina

The major goal of this work is to find solutions of Einstein–Maxwell field equations for anisotropic,expansion-free,non-static,spherically distributed matter *** analytical models that highlight the major benefit of simplicity are shown and this makes it possible to use them as a toy model to illustrate how cavities ***,the transport equations,quasi-homologous constraints and the junction conditions are also evaluated along with their useful ***,the consequences of electric force on this system are summed up in the last section.

关键词： gravitation neutron stars modified gravity hydrodynamics voids

Traversable wormhole solutions in the f(R)theories of gravity under the Karmarkar condition

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Chinese Physics C 2022年第9期46卷 276-286页

作者： adnan malik Fatemah Mofarreh Aqsa Zia Akram Ali Department of Mathematics University of Management and TechnologySialkot CampusPakistan Mathematical Science Department Faculty of Science Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University.Riyadh 11546 Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics College of ScienceKing Khalid University9004 AbhaSaudi Arabia

This paper examines traversable wormhole models in the f(R) theories of gravity by applying the Karmarkar condition. For this purpose, we consider spherically symmetric space-time to examine the structure of wormholes. First, we investigate wormholes and their geometry using the redshift function under various conditions. Subsequently, we discuss the embedding diagram of the upper and lower universe using radial coordinates in two and three-dimensional Euclidean affine space. Three exclusive models are considered for the f(R) theories of gravity,and the radial and tangential pressures are observed. Furthermore, by taking a definite shape function, we observe the behavior of energy conditions. We determine that energy conditions are violated, and their violation is generic and represents the presence of exotic matter. According to Einstein’s field theory, the existence of wormholes is predicated on the occurrence of rare material. Hence, we conclude that our study is more realistic and stable.

关键词： wormhole geometry Karmarkar condition red shift function energy conditions

Comprehensive analysis of relativistic embedded class-I exponential compact spheres in f(R,φ)gravity via Karmarkar condition

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2023年第10期75卷 100-110页

作者： Zoya Asghar adnan malik M Farasat Shamir Fatemah Mofarreh National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences Lahore CampusPakistan School of Mathematical Sciences Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhuaZhejiangChina Department of Mathematics University of Management and TechnologySialkot CampusPakistan Mathematical Science Department Faculty of Science Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Riyadh 11546Saudi Arabia

In this article,we use the prominent Karmarkar condition to investigate some novel features of astronomical objects in the f(R,φ)gravity;R andφrepresent the Ricci curvature and the scalar field,*** is worth noting that we classify the exclusive set of modified field equations using the exponential type model of the f(R,φ)theory of gravity f(R,φ)=φ(R+α(eβR-1)).We show the embedded class-I approach via a static,spherically symmetric spacetime with an anisotropic *** accomplish our objective,we use a particular interpretation of metric potential(grr)that has already been given in the literature and then presume the Karmarkar condition to derive the second metric *** employ distinct compact stars to determine the values of unknown parameters emerging in metric *** ensure the viability and consistency of our exponential model,we execute distinct physical evolutions,*** graphical structure of energy density and pressure evolution,mass function,adiabatic index,stability,equilibrium,and energy *** investigation reveals that the observed anisotropic findings are physically appropriate and have the highest level of precision.

关键词： stellar structures metric potentials f(R,φ)theory of gravity Karmarkar condition

Detailed analysis of the relativistic configuration of Bardeen anisotropic spheres in modified f(G)gravity

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第6期76卷 45-56页

作者： adnan malik Ayesha Almas Tayyaba Naz Rubab Manzoor M Z Bhatti School of Mathematical Sciences Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhuaZhejiangChina Department of Mathematics University of Management and TechnologySialkot CampusLahorePakistan National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences Lahore CampusPakistan Department of Mathematics University of Management and TechnologyJohar Town CampusLahore 54782Pakistan Department of Mathematics University of the PunjabQuaid-i-Azam CampusLahore-54590Pakistan

The aim of this work is to investigate anisotropic compact objects within the framework of f(G)modified theory of *** our present work,we utilize Krori-Barua metrics,i.e.,λ(r)=Xr^(2)+Y andβ(r)=Zr^(2).We use some matching conditions of spherically symmetric spacetime with Bardeen's model as an exterior ***,we establish some expressions of energy density and pressure components to analyze the stellar configuration of Bardeen compact stars by assuming viable f(G)*** examine the energy conditions for different stellar structures to verify the viability of our considered ***,we also investigate some other physical features,such as equilibrium condition,equation of state parameters,adiabatic index,stability analysis,mass function,surface redshift,and compactness factor,*** is worthwhile to mention here for the current study that our stellar structure in the background of Bardeen's model is more viable and stable.

关键词： Bardeen compact stars f(G)modified gravity Krori-Barua potential

A Color Image Encryption Scheme Based on Singular Values and Chaos

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第10期137卷 965-999页

作者： adnan malik Muhammad Ali Faisal S.Alsubaei Nisar Ahmed Harish Kumar Electrical Engineering Department University of Engineering and TechnologyLahore54000Pakistan Department of Cybersecurity College of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of JeddahJeddah21959Saudi Arabia Computer Engineering Department University of Engineering and TechnologyLahore54000Pakistan Department of Computer Science College of Computer ScienceKing Khalid UniversityAbha61421Saudi Arabia

The security of digital images transmitted via the Internet or other public media is of the utmost *** encryption is a method of keeping an image secure while it travels across a non-secure communication medium where it could be intercepted by unauthorized *** study provides an approach to color image encryption that could find practical use in various *** proposed method,which combines four chaotic systems,employs singular value decomposition and a chaotic sequence,making it both secure and *** unified average change intensity,the number of pixels’change rate,information entropy analysis,correlation coefficient analysis,compression friendliness,and security against brute force,statistical analysis and differential attacks are all used to evaluate the algorithm’s *** a thorough investigation of the experimental data,it is concluded that the proposed image encryption approach is secure against a wide range of attacks and provides superior compression friendliness when compared to chaos-based alternatives.

关键词： Encryption image encryption chaos theory color image encryption singular value decomposition compression friendliness

Traversable wormhole solutions utilizing the Karmarkar condition in f(R, G ) gravity

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第12期76卷 115-128页

作者： Tayyaba Naz adnan malik M Z Bhatti M Kamran Asif Iffat Fayyaz National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences School of Mathematical Sciences Zhejiang Normal University Department of Mathematics University of Management and Technology Department of Mathematics University of the Punjab Quaid-i-Azam Campus

The main objective of this paper is to reveal the evolving traversable wormhole solutions in the context of modified f(R, G) gravity, which affects the gravitational interaction. These results are derived by applying the Karmarkar condition, which creates wormhole geometry that meets the necessary conditions and connects two asymptotically flat areas of spacetime. The proposed study's main goal is to construct the wormhole structures by splitting the f(R, G) gravity model into two forms Firstly, we split the model into an exponential-like f(R) gravity model and a power law f(G) gravity model, and secondly, we consider the Starobinsky f(R) gravity model along with a power law f(G) gravity model. Besides, we address the feasibility of shape functions and the structural analysis of wormhole structures for specific models. These models are then confined to be compatible with current experimental evidence. Further, the energy conditions of the wormhole are geometrically probed, and it is proven that they adhere to the null energy conditions in areas close to the throat. Moreover, the fascinating aspect of this study involves conducting an examination and comparison of evolving wormhole geometries in the vicinity of the throat in our chosen models, utilizing two-and three-dimensional graphical representations. We observe that our shape function acquired through the Karmarkar technique yields validated wormhole configurations with even less exotic matter, correlating to the proper choice of f(R, G) gravity models and acceptable free parameter values. In summary, we conclude that our findings meet all the criteria for the existence of wormholes, affirming the viability and consistency of our study.

关键词： karmarkar condition shape function Wormhole Structures

Preventative care in cholestatic liver disease: Pearls for the specialist and subspecialist

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Liver Research 2019年第2期3卷 118-127页

作者： adnan malik Ani A.Kardashian Kais Zakharia Christopher L.Bowlus James H.Tabibian Department of Public Health and Business Administration The University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamALUSA Department of Internal Medicine Beaumont HospitalDearbornMIUSA University of California Los Angeles Gastroenterology Fellowship Training Program Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive DiseasesLos AngelesCAUSA Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of IowaIowaIAUSA Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of California DavisSacramentoCAUSA Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineOlive View-University of California Los Angeles Medical CenterSylmarCAUSA

Cholestatic liver diseases(CLDs)encompass a variety of disorders of abnormal bile formation and/or *** often lead to progressive hepatic insult and injury and following the development of cirrhosis and associated *** such complications are clinically silent until they manifest with severe sequelae,including but not limited to life-altering symptoms,metabolic disturbances,cirrhosis,and hepatobiliary diseases as well as other *** sclerosing cholangitis(PSC)and primary biliary cholangitis(PBC)are the most common CLDs,and both relate to mutual as well as unique *** review provides an overview of PSC and PBC,with a focus on preventive measures aimed to reduce the incidence and severity of disease-related complications.

关键词： Biliary tract diseases Primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC) Primary biliary cholangitis(PBC) Cirrhosis Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) Metabolic bone disease Pruritus Prophylaxis

Modeling and Comprehensive Review of Signaling Storms in 3GPP-Based Mobile Broadband Networks:Causes,Solutions,and Countermeasures

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 123-153页

作者： Muhammad Qasim Khan Fazal malik Fahad Alturise Noor Rahman Department of Computer Science Iqra National UniversityPeshawar25000Pakistan Department of Cybersecurity College of ComputerQassim UniversityBuraydah52555Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Al-Fayha CollegeAl Jubayl31961Saudi Arabia

Control signaling is mandatory for the operation and management of all types of communication networks,including the Third Generation Partnership Project(3GPP)mobile broadband ***,they consume important and scarce network resources such as bandwidth and processing *** have been several reports of these control signaling turning into signaling storms halting network operations and causing the respective Telecom companies big financial *** paper draws its motivation from such real network disaster incidents attributed to signaling *** this paper,we present a thorough survey of the causes,of the signaling storm problems in 3GPP-based mobile broadband networks and discuss in detail their possible solutions and *** provide relevant analytical models to help quantify the effect of the potential causes and benefits of their corresponding *** important contribution of this paper is the comparison of the possible causes and solutions/countermeasures,concerning their effect on several important network aspects such as architecture,additional signaling,fidelity,etc.,in the form of a *** paper presents an update and an extension of our earlier conference *** our knowledge,no similar survey study exists on the subject.

关键词： Signaling storm problems control signaling load analytical modeling 3GPP networks smart devices diameter signaling mobile broadband data access data traffic mobility management signaling network architecture 5G mobile communication

Roman Urdu News Headline Classification Empowered with Machine Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第11期65卷 1221-1236页

作者： Rizwan Ali Naqvi Muhammad adnan Khan Nauman malik Shazia Saqib Tahir Alyas Dildar Hussain Department of Unmanned Vehicle Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea Department of Computer Science Lahore Garrison UniversityLahore54000Pakistan School of Computational Sciences Korea Institute for Advanced StudySeoul02455Korea

Roman Urdu has been used for text messaging over the Internet for years especially in Indo-Pak *** from the subcontinent may speak the same Urdu language but they might be using different scripts for *** communication using the Roman characters,which are used in the script of Urdu language on social media,is now considered the most typical standard of communication in an Indian landmass that makes it an expensive information *** Text classification is a solved problem but there have been only a few efforts to examine the rich information supply of Roman Urdu in the *** is due to the numerous complexities involved in the processing of Roman Urdu *** complexities associated with Roman Urdu include the non-availability of the tagged corpus,lack of a set of rules,and lack of standardized spellings.A large amount of Roman Urdu news data is available on mainstream news websites and social media websites like Facebook,Twitter but meaningful information can only be extracted if data is in a structured *** have developed a Roman Urdu news headline classifier,which will help to classify news into relevant categories on which further analysis and modeling can be *** author of this research aims to develop the Roman Urdu news classifier,which will classify the news into five categories(health,business,technology,sports,international).First,we will develop the news dataset using scraping tools and then after preprocessing,we will compare the results of different machine learning algorithms like Logistic Regression(LR),Multinomial Naïve Bayes(MNB),Long short term memory(LSTM),and Convolutional Neural Network(CNN).After this,we will use a phonetic algorithm to control lexical variation and test news from different *** preliminary results suggest that a more accurate classification can be accomplished by monitoring noise inside data and by classifying the *** applying above mentioned different machine learnin

关键词： Roman urdu news headline classification long short term memory recurrent neural network logistic regression multinomial naïve Bayes random forest k neighbor gradient boosting classifier