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Horticulture Research 2019年第1期6卷 183-194页

作者： Noam Chechanovsky Ran Hovav Rina Frenkel adi faigenboim Yelena Eselson Marina Petreikov Michal Moy Shmuel Shen Arthur A.Schaffer Department of Vegetable and Field Crops Institute of Plant SciencesAgricultural Research OrganizationRishon LeZionIsrael

The cwp(cuticular water permeability)gene controls the development of cuticular microfissuring and subsequent fruit dehydration in *** gene underwent silencing in the evolution of the fleshy cultivated tomato but is expressed in the primitive wild tomato *** introgression of the expressed allele from the wild ***(cwph)into the cultivated tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)leads to the phenotype of fruit water loss during and following *** this report,we show that low temperature impacts on the severity of the cuticular microfissure phenotype via a combination of effects on both expression and alternative splicing of *** cwp gene,comprising four exons and three introns,undergoes post-transcriptional alternative splicing processes,leading to seven alternative transcripts that differ in reading-frame *** plants expressing each of the alternative transcripts identified the longest reading frame(VAR1)as the functional splice *** temperature led to a strong upregulation of cwph expression,compounded by an increase in the relative proportion of the functional VAR1 transcript,leading to increased severity of microfissuring of the *** summary,we demonstrate the molecular mechanism behind the horticultural phenomenon of the low-temperature effect on cuticular microfissures in the dehydrating tomato.

关键词： severity expressing subsequent

Promoter insertion leads to polyembryony in mango-a case of convergent evolution with citrus

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Horticulture Research 2023年第12期10卷 165-174页

作者： Chandra Bhan Yadav Ada Rozen Ravit Eshed Mazal Ish-Shalom adi faigenboim Natalie Dillon Ian Bally Matthew Webb David Kuhn Ron Ophir Yuval Cohen Amir Sherman Institute of Plant Sciences Volcani Research CenterDerech Hamacabim 68Rishon LeZionP.O.Box 151597528809Israel Department of Genetics Genomicsand BreedingNIAB-EMREast MallingME196BJUnited Kingdom Department of Agriculture and Fisheries Horticulture and Forestry Science28 Peters StMareebaQLD 4880Australia Department of Agriculture and Fisheries Horticulture and Forestry ScienceEcosciences Precinct41 Boggo RoadDutton ParkBrisbaneQLD 4001Australia Subtropical Horticulture Research Station USDA-ARS13601 Old Cutler RdCoral GablesFL 33158United States

Sexual reproduction in plants is the main pathway for creating new genetic combinations in modern *** heterozygous plants,after the identification of a plant with desired traits,vegetative propagation(cloning)is the primary path to create genetically uniform *** natural plant mechanism that creates genetically uniform plants(clones)is *** fruit crops like citrus and mango,sporophytic apomixis results in polyembryony,where seeds contain multiple embryos,one of which is sexually originated and the others are vegetative clones of the parent mother *** the mango genome and genetic analysis of a diverse germplasm collection,we identified MiRWP as the gene that causes polyembryony in *** is a strong correlation between a specific insertion in the gene’s promoter region and altered expression in flowers and developing fruitlets,inducing multiple *** MiRWP gene is an ortholog of CitRWP that causes polyembryony in *** on the data,we speculate that promoter insertion events,which occurred independently in citrus and mango,induced nucellar *** results suggest convergent evolution of polyembryony in the two *** work is required to demonstrate the utility of these genes(mango and citrus)in other biological systems as a tool for the clonal production of other crops.

关键词： citrus crops insertion

Transcriptomes of developing fruit of cultivated and wild tomato species

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Molecular Horticulture 2023年第1期3卷 230-233页

作者： adi Doron‑faigenboim Michal Moy‑Komemi Marina Petreikov Yelena Eselson Prashant Sonawane Pablo Cardenas Zhangjun Fei Asaph Aharoni Arthur A.Schaffer Plant Sciences Institute Agricultural Research Organization-Volcani CenterRishon LeZionIsrael Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael Boyce Thompson Institute IthacaNYUSA

Tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)is one of the world’s most extensively cultivated crops,and has been the subject of hundreds of years of breeding and ***,the genetic variability available for the breeding and improvement of tomato within the confines of the species is *** has been described as a“genetic bottleneck”(Miller and Tanksley 1990)and is due to the domestication history of the crop,particularly the transfer of select germplasm from South America to Europe in the 1500 s,followed by selections and return to the New World,again of limited germplasm(Knapp and Peralta 2016).

关键词： breeding germplasm crops

Comparative transcriptome analyses shed light on carotenoid production and plastid development in melon fruit

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Horticulture Research 2021年第1期8卷 1229-1241页

作者： Noam Chayut Hui Yuan Yuval Saar Yi Zheng Tianhu Sun Xuesong Zhou Anna Hermanns Elad Oren adi faigenboim Maixia Hui Zhangjun Fei Michael Mazourek Joseph Burger Yaakov Tadmor Li Li Department of Vegetable Research ARONewe Ya’ar Research CenterP.O.Box 1021Ramat Yishay 30095Israel Robert W.Holley Center for Agriculture and Health USDA-Agricultural Research ServiceCornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA Plant Breeding and Genetics Section School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA Boyce Thompson Institute IthacaNY 14853USA State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics&Germplasm Enhancement Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Present address:John Innes Centre Norwich Research ParkNorwichUK

Carotenoids,such asβ-carotene,accumulate in chromoplasts of various fleshy fruits,awarding them with colors,aromas,and *** Orange(CmOr)gene controlsβ-carotene accumulation in melon fruit by posttranslationally enhancing carotenogenesis and repressingβ-carotene turnover in *** isomerase(CRTISO)isomerizes yellow prolycopene into red lycopene,a prerequisite for further metabolism intoβ-*** comparatively analyzed the developing fruit transcriptomes of orange-colored melon and its two isogenic EMS-induced mutants,low-β(Cmor)and yofi(Cmcrtiso).The Cmor mutation in low-βcaused a major transcriptomic change in the mature *** contrast,the Cmcrtiso mutation in yofi significantly changed the transcriptome only in early fruit developmental *** findings indicate that melon fruit transcriptome is primarily altered by changes in carotenoid metabolic flux and plastid conversion,but minimally by carotenoid composition in the ripe *** of the differentially expressed genes into functional groups revealed an association between fruit carotenoid metabolic flux with the maintenance of the photosynthetic apparatus in fruit ***,large numbers of thylakoid localized photosynthetic genes were differentially expressed in low-β.CmOR family proteins were found to physically interact with light-harvesting chlorophyll a–b binding proteins,suggesting a new role of CmOR for chloroplast maintenance in melon *** study brings more insights into the cellular and metabolic processes associated with fruit carotenoid accumulation in melon fruit and reveals a new maintenance mechanism of the photosynthetic apparatus for plastid development.

关键词： apparatus orange metabolism

Further Insights on the <i>Datura innoxia</i>Hyoscyamine 6<i>β</i>-Hydroxylase (DiH6H) Based on Biochemical Characterization and Molecular Modeling

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2021年第1期12卷 53-70页

作者： Daniel Schlesinger Faris Salama Rachel Davidovich Rikanati Rotem Sertchook Ofir Tal Mosaab Yahyaa adi faigenboim Mwafaq Ibdah Moshe Inbar Efraim Lewinsohn Department of Evolutionary & Environmental Biology University of Haifa Haifa Israel Department of Vegetable Crops Newe Ya’ar Research Center Agricultural Research Organization Ramat Yishay Israel Institute of Plant Sciences Agriculture Research Organization RishonLe Zion Israel Lilienblum 3 Gedera Israel Department of Vegetable Crops The Robert Smith Faculty of Agriculture The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Rehovot Israel

Hyoscyamine, anisodamine and scopolamine are tropane alkaloids present in some Solanaceae species and used in modern medicine. L-Hyoscyamine is hydroxylated to 6β-hydroxyhyoscyamine (anisodamine) and then epoxidated to scopolamine by the dual action of hyoscyamine 6β-hydroxylase (H6H), a 2-oxoglutarate dependent dioxygenase. A natural mutation in the Gly-220 residue to Cys was previously shown to be associated with the loss of function of H6H in Mandragora officinarum, preventing the accumulation of anisodamine and scopolamine in these plants. We show here that a deliberate Gly220Cys mutation in the Datura innoxia DiH6H protein caused a loss of both its enzymatic abilities and rendered it unable to hydroxylate L-hyoscyamine into anisodamine and to epoxidate anisodamine into scopolamine. By using protein modeling based on an available crystal structure of H6H from Datura metel, we show how the Cys220 residue causes a steric interference in the active site cavity impairing the interaction of both substrates, hyoscyamine and anisodamine with the active site of the protein. We also address the enantiomeric preference of DiH6H based on molecular modeling.

关键词： Hyoscyamine 6β Hydroxylase Datura innoxia. Mill. Solanaceae Scopolamine Hyoscyamine