检索结果-南通市图书馆

Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Antibiotic Use and Antimicrobial Resistance among Medical Students in a Private University in Dominica, West Indies

引用

Advances in Microbiology 2022年第9期12卷 511-524页

作者： Simeon K. Olatunde Joshua b. Owolabi Department of Molecular and Cellular Sciences All Saints University School of Medicine Roseau Dominica

Antibiotics are indispensable to maintaining human health, however, their overuse has resulted in resistant organisms which present a significantly higher burden to the low to middle income countries, due to the high incidence of communicable diseases. Insufficient antimicrobial-related training for physicians during their undergraduate education could have a negative impact on their prescribing. This study assessed the knowledge, attitudes and practices of antibiotic use and antimicrobial resistance among medical students in a private university in Dominica, a resource-limited country, in order to facilitate more effective education of these future prescribers. A cross-sectional study was undertaken with the medical students from February 2021 to April 2021 using a 36-item questionnaire. Data analysis was achieved using descriptive statistics. A total of 85 students participated in the study, majority (70%) were female, African, aged 23.8 ± 4.6 years and single. between 64 and 99% of the respondents reported no risk factors for communicable diseases and demonstrated a low to moderate (10% - 40%) negative response to knowledge-related questions. The majority (70%) of the respondents who had used antibiotics in the past 12 months reported efficacy and limited side-effects, but confirmed lack of knowledge about the classes of antibiotics prescribed to them. Almost half of the medical students (48%) reported having abused antibiotics, while about a third (35%) of the respondents reported sharing antibiotics with friends or loved ones in the past. There was no significant association between age, gender, and the medical students’ knowledge of antibiotic resistance (p > 0.05). However, they reported that they would like more education on antimicrobial use and resistance. The medical students in this study showed knowledge of antimicrobial resistance, but lacked comprehension of components of antimicrobial stewardship, including prevention of inappropriate use and classes

关键词： Dominica African Medical Students Antibiotics Use Antimicrobial Resistance

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Emergency Airway Obstruction in Newborn Due to Congenital Saccular Cyst

引用

International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2013年第1期2卷 34-38页

作者： Itzhak braverman Galit Avior Michael Feldman Andrei Gubarev Ronnie Stein Hakeem Abu Ras abdel-Rauf Zeina Department of Anesthesiology The Hillel Yaffe Medical Center Hadera Israel Newborn and Neonatal Care Department The Hillel Yaffe Medical Center Hadera Israel Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery Unit The Hillel Yaffe Medical Center Hadera Israel

Laryngeal cyst causing neonatal airway obstruction during labor is a very rare condition [1]. Congenital laryngeal cysts are a rare cause of neonatal airway obstruction. Traditionally, these cysts have been treated surgically by endoscopic excision or marsupialization. However, the cyst often extends beyond the larynx. We describe a case of a newborn that, during delivery, became cyanotic due to airway obstruction and respiratory distress. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report of a saccular cyst obstructing airway during birth prior to intubation. The immediate and late treatments together with a literature review are described.

关键词： Sacullar Cyst Airway Obstruction Obstructive Sleep Apnea Congenital Laryngeal Cysts

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Measurement of electrical charges carried by airborne bacteria laboratory-generated using a single-pass bubbling aerosolizer

引用

Particuology 2015年第1期13卷 179-185页

作者： Xavier Simon Sébastien bau Denis bémer Philippe Duquenne Institut National de Recherche et de Securite(INRS)

Widely used bioaerosol generators like Collison nebulizer probably produce electrostatically charged par- ticles, but the electrical charges carried by laboratory-generated airborne microorganisms using bubbling aerosolizers are poorly understood. In this study, we measured the fraction of neutral particles and num- ber of elementary charges per particle as a function of the aerodynamic diameter of airborne bacteria （Escherichia coli and Enterococcus hirae）. bioaerosols were produced by a liquid sparging aerosolizer-type bubbling generator, with particle sizes ranging from roughly 0.6 to 2 p^m. The experimental setup included an electrostatic precipitator and real-time devices including an electrometer, aerodynamic particle sizer, and electrical low-pressure impactor. Experimental results obtained for various operating conditions showed that aerosols produced with a higher bubbling airflow contained a larger proportion of neutral particles （from around 30% to 50%） and that bacteria carried a greater average absolute number of elementary charges （from around -10 to -60 elementary units） than those under lower airflow. Under the investigated conditions, a neutralization step is unnecessary because it may have a negative effect on the viability of sensitive microorganisms. Our results suggest that the neutral fraction can be used down- stream of an electrostatic precipitator, and that this setup may have advantages over bipolar neutralizers.

关键词： bubbling generator bioaerosol Electrical charge Electrostatic precipitator Escherichia coil Enterococcus hirae

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Dissolution Mechanism of a Zr Rich Structure in a Ni_3Al base Alloy

引用

Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2011年第10期27卷 885-892页

作者： H.b.Motejadded M.Soltanieh S.Rastegari School of Materials Science and Engineering Iran University of Science and Technology

In the present research, the dissolution mechanism of a Zr rich structure during annealing of a Ni3Al base alloy containing Cr, Mo, Zr and b, was investigated. The annealing treatments were performed up to 50 h at 900, 1000 and 1100℃. The alloy used in this investigation was produced by vacuum-arc remelting technique. The results show that at the beginning of the process, a mixed interface reaction and local equilibrium （long range diffusion） mechanism controls the dissolution process. After a short time, this mechanism changes and the dissolution mechanism of the Zr rich structure changes to only long range diffusion of Zr element. According to this mechanism, the activation energy of this process is estimated to be about 143.3 ***-1. Also the phases that contribute to this structure and the transformations that occur at the final steps of solidification of this alloy were introduced. According to the results, at the final step of solidification, a peritectic type reaction occurs in the form of L＋ y→Ni7Zr2 and →-Ni7Zr2 segregates from the melt. Following this transformation, →-Ni7Zr2 eutectic separates from the remaining Zr rich liquid. The solidification process will be terminated by a ternary eutectic reaction in the form of L→y＋Ni5Zr＋Ni7Zr2.

关键词： Ni3Al base alloy Microstructure Dissolution kinetics Activation energy

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

The complex of Diplodia species associated with Fraxinus and some other woody hosts in Italy and Portugal

引用

Fungal Diversity 2014年第4期67卷 143-156页

作者： A.Alves b.T.Linaldeddu A.Deidda b.Scanu A.J.L.Phillips Departamento de biologia CESAMUniversidade de Aveiro3810-193 AveiroPortugal Dipartimento di Agraria Sezione di Patologia vegetale ed EntomologiaUniversitàdegli Studi di Sassarivia E.De Nicola 107100 SassariItaly Centro de Recursos Microbiológicos Departamento de Ciencias da VidaFaculdade de Ciencias e TecnologiaUniversidade Nova de Lisboa2829-516 CaparicaPortugal

Studies on the taxonomy and phylogeny of Diplodia have been hampered by the lack of an ex-type culture linked to the holotype of ***,which is the type of the *** this study a large collection of Diplodia strains,obtained from ash and other woody hosts showing V-shaped cankers and branch dieback,were identified based on morphological characters and DNA sequence data from ITS and EF1-α *** of combined morphological and phylogenetic analyses showed that the Fraxinus isolates from Italy,the Netherlands,Portugal and Spain belong to three distinct species namely Diplodia fraxini,Diplodia mutila and Diplodia subglobosa *** epitype was designated for Diplodia mutila,with associated ex-epitype *** name *** is re-instated and a neotype *** species,Diplodia seriata and Diplodia pseudoseriata were reported for the first time on Fraxinus spp.

关键词： botryosphaeriaceae Epitype Neotype Phylogeny Systematics Taxonomy

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Multiscale modeling for classification of SAR imagery using hybrid EM algorithm and genetic algorithm

引用

Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2009年第8期19卷 1033-1036页

作者： Xianbin Wen a,b, Hua Zhang a,b, Jianguang Zhang a,b, Xu Jiao a,b, Lei Wang a,b a Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligence Computing and Novel Software Technology, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300191, China b Key Laboratory of Computer Vision and System (Tianjin University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300191, China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligence Computing and Novel Software Technology Tianjin University of Technology Tianjin 300191 China Key Laboratory of Computer Vision and System (Tianjin University of Technology) Ministry of Education Tianjin 300191 China

A novel method that hybridizes genetic algorithm (GA) and expectation maximization (EM) algorithm for the classification of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery is proposed by the finite Gaussian mixtures model (GMM) and multiscale autoregressive (MAR) model. This algorithm is capable of improving the global optimality and consistency of the classification performance. The experiments on the SAR images show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the standard EM method significantly in classification accuracy.

关键词： SAR imagery Classification Multiscale Hybrid EM algorithm Genetic algorithm

来源：

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Simvastatin Potentiates the Antihyperglycemic, Antidyslipidimic and Antioxidative Effect of Glibenclamide on Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats

引用

Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2014年第11期5卷 1059-1069页

作者： Mst. Marium begum A. F. M. Towheedur rahman Saiful Islam Md. Asaduzzaman Hazrat Ali Yusuf Ali Shaheda Zannah A. H. M. Khurshid Alam Aziz Abdur rahman Mamunur Rashid Department of Pharmacy University of Rajshahi Rajshahi Bangladesh

The aim of the current study is to investigate the effect of combination of glibenclamide;an antidiabetic drug and simvastatin;a HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor on long-term (four weeks) alloxan-induced diabetes rats (ADRs). Methods: Alloxan (120 mg/kg body weight, bW) was injected intra-peritonially (i.p.) in rats. At first alloxan (120 mg/kg bW) induced diabetic rats were treated with single dose of glibenclamide (1.2 mg/70kg bW) and simvastatin (10 mg/70kg bW) for two weeks. Then fixed dose combinations of glibenclamide (0.6 mg/70kg bW) and simvastatin (5 mg/70kg bW) were injected along with those of two drugs for four weeks. Results: At first it was found that glibenclamide reduced significant amount of glucose in blood, but it had no significant effect on lipid profile on short term (two weeks) ADRs. In contrast, simvastatin had no effect on blood glucose level, whereas it significantly reduced total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and increased significant amount of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). However, pathological changes of pancreas’s Islets of Langerhans were observed only after long-term (four weeks) induction of alloxan in rats. The inhibitory effect of combination therapy on blood glucose, TC, TG and LDL-C level was higher than those of monotherapy alone on long term ADRs. In addition, treatment with combination therapy on long term ADRs showed higher amount of HDL-C level and super oxide dismutase and catalase enzyme activity than those with monotherapy. They also decreased serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) and Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) level. Administration of simvastatin recovered Langerhans cells from shrinkage whereas glibenclamide displayed slight recovery. but the combination therapy showed complete recovery of Langerhans cells as compared with diabetic rats. Conclusion: Our present findings suggest that treatment of glibenclamide in combination with s

关键词： Diabetes Combination Therapy Gibenclamide Simvastatin beneficial Effects

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Influence of the Thermal barrier Coatings Design on the Oxidation behavior

引用

Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2009年第4期25卷 499-507页

作者： b. Saeedi A. Sabour A. Ebadi A.M. Khoddami Materials Engineering Department at Tarbiat Modares University Materials Engineering Faculty Tehran University

The properties of two different types of thermal barrier coatings （TbCs） were compared to improve the surface characteristics on high temperature components. These TbCs consisted of a duplex TbC and a five-layered functionally graded TbC. NiCrAIY bond coats were deposited on a number of Inconel-738LC specimens using high velocity oxy-fuel spraying （HVOF） technique. For duplex coating, a group of these specimens were coated with yttria stabilized zirconia （YSZ） using plasma spray technique. Functionally graded NiCrAIY/YSZ coatings were fabricated by plasma spray using co-injection of the two different powders in a single plasma torch. The amount of zirconia in functionally graded coatings were gradually increased from 30 to 100 vol. pct. Microstructural changes, thermally grown oxide （TGO） layer growth and damage initiation of the coatings were investigated as a function of isothermal oxidation test at 970℃. As a complementary test, the performance of the fabricated coatings by the optimum processing conditions was evaluated as a function of intense thermal cycling test at 1100℃. Also the strength of the adhesive coatings of the substrate was also measured. Microstructural characterization was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and optical microscopy whereas phase analysis and chemical composition changes of the coatings and oxides formed during the tests were studied by XRD （X-ray diffraction） and EDS （energy dispersive spectrometer）. The results showed that microstructure and compositions gradually varied in the functionally graded coatings. by comparison of duplex and functionally graded TbCs oxidation behavior （duplex failure after 1700 h and funcitionally graded TECs failure after 2000 h）, thermal shock test and adhesion strength of the coatings, the functionally graded TbC had better performance and more durability.

关键词： Thermal barrier coatings (TbCs) Isothermal oxidation Functionally graded TbC Thermally grown oxide bond strength High velocity oxy-fuel spraying

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Symmetry in optics and photonics:a group theory approach

引用

Science bulletin 2018年第4期63卷 244-251页

作者： b.M.Rodriguez-Lara Ramy EI-Ganainy Julio Guerrero Tecnologico de Monterrey.Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias Monterrey 64849Mexico Instituto Nacional de Astrofisica Optica y Electr6nicaPueblaCP 72840Mexico Department of Physics and Hexes Center for Quantum Phenomena Michigan Technological UniversityHoughton.MI 49931USA Departamento de Matematicas Facultad de Ciendas Experimentales y de la SaludCampus Las LagunillasUniversidad de Jaen23071JaenSpain Departamento de Ingenierfa y Tecnologia de Computadores Facultad de lnformdticaCampus EspinardoUnivesidad de Murcia30100 MurciaSpain

Group theory(GT) provides a rigorous framework for studying symmetries in various disciplines in physics ranging from quantum field theories and the standard model to fluid mechanics and chaos theory. To date, the application of such a powerful tool in optical physics remains limited. Over the past few years however, several quantum-inspired symmetry principles(such as parity-time invariance and supersymmetry) have been introduced in optics and photonics for the first time. Despite the intense activities in these new research directions, only few works utilized the power of group theory. Motivated by this status quo, here we present a brief overview of the application of GT in optics, deliberately choosing examples that illustrate the power of this tool in both continuous and discrete setups. We hope that this review will stimulate further research that exploits the full potential of GT for investigating various symmetry paradigms in optics, eventually leading to new photonic devices.

关键词：对称原则光学调查混乱理论液体力学标准模型光物理工具时间

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Numerical analysis for peristaltic transport of Carreau-Yasuda fluid with variable thermal conductivity and convective conditions

引用

Journal of Central South University 2015年第11期22卷 4467-4475页

作者： F.M.Abbasi T.Hayat b.Ahmad Department of Mathematics Comsats Institute of Information Technology Department of Mathematics Quaid-I-Azam University 45320 Nonlinear Analysis and Applied Mathematics (NAAM) Research Group Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University

Peristalsis of Carreau-Yasuda fluid is investigated. Analysis is carried out in the presence of velocity slip and convective boundary conditions. Thermal conductivity of the fluid is taken to be temperature dependent. Lubrication analysis is used in the formulation of the problem. Resulting nonlinear system of equations is solved numerically. Impact of embedded parameters on the quantities of interest is examined through graphs and tables. Comparison of the behavior of the Carreau-Yasuda, Carreau and Newtonian fluid models is presented. Results show that the heat transfer rate at the wall for the Carreau fluid model is large when compared with the Newtonian or the Carreau-Yasuda fluid model. Also the heat transfer rate at the wall decreases with increase in the velocity slip and variable thermal conductivity parameters. Further, an increase in the biot number reduces the fluid temperature by a considerable amount.

关键词： peristaltic transport Carreau-Yasuda fluid variabl

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

欢迎您,

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

欢迎您,

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：