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Gut microbiota in various childhood disorders:Implication and indications

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第18期28卷 1875-1901页

作者： Nermin Kamal Saeed Mohammed Al-beltagi adel Salah bediwy Yasser el-Sawaf Osama Toema Medical Microbiology Section Department of PathologySalmaniya Medical ComplexMinistry of HealthManama 12Bahrain Microbiology Section Department of PathologyIrish Royal College of SurgeonBusaiteen 15503Bahrain Department of Pediatrics University Medical CenterArabian Gulf UniversityDr.Sulaiman Al Habib Medical GroupManama 26671Bahrain Department of Pediatrics Faculty of MedicineTanta UniversityTanta 31511Egypt Department of Chest Disease Faculty of MedicineTanta UniversityTanta 31527Egypt Department of Pulmonology University Medical CenterArabian Gulf UniversityDr.Sulaiman Al Habib Medical GroupManama 26671Bahrain Department of Tropical Medicine Faculty of MedicineTanta UniversityTanta 31527Egypt Department of Gastroenterology University Medical CenterArabian Gulf UniversityDr.Sulaiman Al-Habib Medical GroupManama 26671Bahrain

Gut microbiota has a significant role in gut development,maturation,and immune system *** exerts considerable effects on the child's physical and mental *** gut microbiota composition and structure depend on many host and microbial *** host factors include age,genetic pool,general health,dietary factors,medication use,the intestine's pH,peristalsis,and transit time,mucus secretions,mucous immunoglobulin,and tissue oxidation-reduction *** microbial factors include nutrient availability,bacterial cooperation or antagonism,and bacterial *** part of the gut has its microbiota due to its specific *** gut microbiota interacts with different body parts,affecting the pathogenesis of many local and systemic *** is a common finding in many childhood disorders such as autism,failure to thrive,nutritional disorders,coeliac disease,Necrotizing Enterocolitis,helicobacter pylori infection,functional gastrointestinal disorders of childhood,inflammatory bowel diseases,and many other gastrointestinal *** is also observed in allergic conditions like atopic dermatitis,allergic rhinitis,and *** can also impact the development and the progression of immune disorders and cardiac disorders,including heart *** supplements could provide some help in managing these ***,we are still in need of more *** this narrative review,we will shed some light on the role of microbiota in the development and management of common childhood disorders.

关键词： Gut microbiota Dysbiosis Children Gastrointestinal disorders Immune disorders Allergic disorders Cardiac disorders

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Exploiting bivariate Dependencies to Speedup Structure Learning in bayesian Optimization Algorithm

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2012年第5期27卷 1077-1090页

作者： Amin Nikanjam adel Rahmani School of Computer Engineering Iran University of Science and Technology

bayesian optimization algorithm （bOA） is one of the successful and widely used estimation of distribution algorithms （EDAs） which have been employed to solve different optimization problems. In EDAs, a model is learned from the selected population that encodes interactions among problem variables. New individuals are generated by sampling the model and incorporated into the population. Different probabilistic models have been used in EDAs to learn interactions. bayesian network （bN） is a well-known graphical model which is used in bOA. Learning a propel model in EDAs and particularly in bOA is distinguished as a computationally expensive task. Different methods have been proposed in the literature to improve the complexity of model building in EDAs. This paper employs bivariate dependencies to learn accurate bNs in bOA efficiently. The proposed approach extracts the bivariate dependencies using an appropriate pairwise interaction-detection metric. Due to the static structure of the underlying problems, these dependencies are used in each generation of bOA to learn an accurate network. by using this approach, the computational cost of model building is reduced dramatically. Various optimization problems are selected to be solved by the algorithm. The experimental results show that the proposed approach successfully finds the optimum in problems with different types of interactions efficiently. Significant speedups are observed in the model building procedure as well.

关键词： evolutionary computation bayesian optimization algorithm bayesian network model building bivariate interaction

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Efficient Training of Multi-Layer Neural Networks to Achieve Faster Validation

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2021年第3期36卷 435-450页

作者： adel Saad Assiri Management Information Systems Department College of BusinessKing Khalid UniversityAbhaSaudi Arabia

Artificial neural networks(ANNs)are one of the hottest topics in computer science and artificial intelligence due to their potential and advantages in analyzing real-world problems in various disciplines,including but not limited to physics,biology,chemistry,and ***,ANNs lack several key characteristics of biological neural networks,such as sparsity,scale-freeness,and *** concept of sparse and scale-free neural networks has been introduced to fill this *** sparsity is implemented by removing weak weights between neurons during the learning process and replacing them with random *** the network is initialized,the neural network is fully connected,which means the number of weights is four times the number of *** this study,considering that a biological neural network has some degree of initial sparsity,we design an ANN with a prescribed level of initial *** neural network is tested on handwritten digits,Arabic characters,CIFAR-10,and Reuters newswire *** show that it is possible to reduce the number of weights by up to 50%without losing prediction ***,in both cases,the testing time is dramatically reduced compared with fully connected ANNs.

关键词： Sparsity weak weights multi-layer neural network NN training with initial sparsity

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Chitosan/Nanocrystalline Cellulose biocomposites based on Date Palm (Phoenix Dactylifera L.) Sheath Fibers

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2019年第6期7卷 567-582页

作者： Abeer M.adel Amira M.el-Shafei Atef A.Ibrahim Mona T.Al-Shemy Cellulose and Paper Department National Research Center33El-Bohouth St.(Former El-Tahrir St.)DokkiP.O.12622GizaEgypt Textile Research Division National Research Center33El-Bohouth St.(Former El-Tahrir St.)DokkiP.O.12622GizaEgypt

In this study,nanocrystalline celluloses were used to enhance physical,mechanical and water vapor barrier properties of chitosan films for potential food packaging *** different mineral acids(sulfuric and phosphoric)were used to extract nanocrystalline cellulose from date palm sheath *** influence of cellulose I and cellulose II on the properties of the isolated nanocrystalline celluloses(e.g.,yield,energy and length of intra-and intermolecular hydrogen bonds,and degree of substitution)were studied *** characteristics of chitosan biocomposite film with phosphorylated nanocrystalline cellulose were compared to those with sulfated nanocrystalline *** showed that besides cellulose polymorphism,the ionic ester groups on the surface of nanocrystalline cellulose is one of the factors influencing the physical,chemical,mechanical,and water vapor barrier properties in chitosan/nanocrystalline cellulose biocomposites.

关键词： biocomposite Cellulose I Cellulose II Nanocrystalline cellulose(NCC) physico-mechanical properties Thermal stability

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Aging Effects of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Phosphorus Fractionation in a Calcareous Sandy Loam Soil

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Pedosphere 2018年第6期28卷 873-883页

作者： Munir AHMAD Mahtab AHMAD Ahmed H.el-NAGGAR adel R.A.USMAN adel AbDULJAbbAR Meththika VITHANAGE Jamal elFAKI Abdulelah AL-FARAJ Mohammad I.AL-WAbel Soil Sciences Department College of Food and Agricultural Sciences King Saud University Department of Soil Science Faculty of Agriculture Ain Shams University Department of Soils and Water Faculty of Agriculture Assiut University Industrial Psychology College of Education King Saud University Chemical and Environmental Systems Modeling Research Group Institute of Fundamental Studies(Sri Lanka) Agriculture Engineering Department College of Food and Agriculture Sciences King Saud University

In most arid and semiarid soils, naturally occurring phosphorus(P) is a major yield-limiting plant nutrient. In this study, to investigate the effects of organic(OP) and inorganic P(IP) sources on P fractionation, a calcareous sandy loam alkaline soil was fertilized with OP and IP fertilizers at low(80 mg P kg^(-1) soil) and high(160 mg P kg^(-1) soil) application rates. Three combinations of OP and IP(i.e., 75% OP + 25% IP, 50% OP + 50% IP, and 25% OP + 75% IP) were applied at low and high application rates,respectively, followed by soil aging for 21 d. Soil samples were collected after 1, 2, 3, 7, and 21 d and subjected to sequential extraction to analyze soluble and exchangeable, Fe-and Al-bound, Ca-bound, and residual P fractions. The soluble and exchangeable P fraction significantly increased up to 24.3%, whereas the Ca-bound fraction decreased up to 40.7% in the soils receiving 75% OP + 25% IP and 50% OP + 50% IP, respectively, compared with the control(receiving no P fertilizer). However, the transformation of P fractions was influenced by aging time. Addition of P sources caused instant changes in different P fractions, which then tended to decline with aging time. Change in soil p H was the limiting factor in controlling P availability. At high application rate, the OP source significantly increased soil P availability compared with the IP source with soil aging. Depending on P fractionation, a proper combination of OP and IP fertilizers, as long-term slow and instant P-releasing sources for plant uptake, respectively, may be a sustainable strategy to meet crop P requirements in the arid and semiarid soils.

关键词： phosphorus availability phosphorus fraction poultry manure sequential extraction soil pH

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COVID-19-induced transaminitis and hyperbilirubinemia:Presentation and outcomes

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第7期29卷 1123-1130页

作者： Zeinab Nabil Ahmed Said Safinaz adel el Habashy Samy Zaky ESCMID Study Group for Viral Hepatitis Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology Faculty of Medicine(For Girls)Al-Azhar UniversityCairo 11754Nasr CityEgypt Department of Pediatrics Ain Shams UniversityCairo 11391AbbaseiaEgypt Department of Hepato-gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases Faculty of Medicine(For Girls)Al-Azhar UniversityCairo 11754Egypt 不详

The risk of liver injury in patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)infection is quite ***,liver function test abnormalities are still detected in COVID-19 patients despite the development of antivirals and the availability of several types of *** editorial describes liver involvement during COVID-19 infection in patients with or without preexisting liver injury,such as chronic liver disease,to elucidate COVID-19-induced liver function abnormalities and their severity,pathophysiology,clinical manifestations,and clinical and laboratory *** also discuss the effect of vaccination against COVID-19 to better understand host factors,such as age,gender,and race,on the incidence and severity of liver dysfunction at initial presentation and during the ***,we summarize the results of relevant meta-analyses published to date and highlight the importance of adequate liver function monitoring in the current climate of the overwhelming COVID-19 pandemic.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Liver injury Transaminases Hyperbilirubinemia Pathophysiology

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Inverse full state hybrid projective synchronization for chaotic maps with different dimensions

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Chinese Physics b 2016年第9期25卷 251-256页

作者： adel Ouannas Giuseppe Grassi Laboratory of Mathematics Informatics and Systems (LAMIS) University of Larbi Tebessi Tebessa 12002 Algeria University del Salento Dipartimento Ingegneria Innovazione 73100 Lecce Italy

A new synchronization scheme for chaotic（hyperchaotic） maps with different dimensions is ***,given a drive system map with dimension n and a response system with dimension m,the proposed approach enables each drive system state to be synchronized with a linear response combination of the response system *** method,based on the Lyapunov stability theory and the pole placement technique,presents some useful features：（i） it enables synchronization to be achieved for both cases of n 〈 m and n 〉 m;（ii） it is rigorous,being based on theorems;（iii） it can be readily applied to any chaotic（hyperchaotic） maps defined to ***,the capability of the approach is illustrated by synchronization examples between the two-dimensional H′enon map（as the drive system） and the three-dimensional hyperchaotic Wang map（as the response system）,and the three-dimensional H′enon-like map（as the drive system） and the two-dimensional Lorenz discrete-time system（as the response system）.

关键词： chaotic map full state hybrid projective synchronization inverse problem maps with different dimensions

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Efficient Segmentation Approach for Different Medical Image Modalities

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第11期73卷 3119-3135页

作者： Walid el-Shafai Amira A.Mahmoud el-Sayed M.el-Rabaie Taha E.Taha Osama F.Zahran adel S.el-Fishawy Naglaa F.Soliman Amel A.Alhussan Fathi E.Abd el-Samie Department electronics and electrical Communications Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia UniversityMenouf32952Egypt Security Engineering Laboratory Department of Computer SciencePrince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Sciences College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia

This paper presents a study of the segmentation of medical *** paper provides a solid introduction to image enhancement along with image segmentation *** the first step,the morphological operations are employed to ensure image detail protection and *** objective of using morphological operations is to remove the defects in the texture of the ***,the Fuzzy C-Means(FCM)clustering algorithm is used to modify membership function based only on the spatial neighbors instead of the distance between pixels within local spatial neighbors and cluster *** proposed technique is very simple to implement and significantly fast since it is not necessary to compute the distance between the neighboring pixels and the cluster *** is also efficient when dealing with noisy images because of its ability to efficiently improve the membership partition *** results are performed on different medical image ***(Us),X-ray(Mammogram),Computed Tomography(CT),Positron Emission Tomography(PET),and Magnetic Resonance(MR)images are the main medical image modalities used in this *** obtained results illustrate that the proposed technique can achieve good results with a short time and efficient image *** results on different image modalities show that the proposed technique can achieve segmentation accuracies of 98.83%,99.71%,99.83%,99.85%,and 99.74%for Us,Mammogram,CT,PET,and MRI images,respectively.

关键词： Image segmentation ultrasonic mammogram CT PET MRI morphological operations FCM active contours

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Stability and ergodicity of a stochastic under regime switching on Gilpin-Ayala model patches

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International Journal of biomathematics 2017年第6期10卷 317-332页

作者： adel Settati Laboratory of Mathematics and Applications Department of Mathematics Faculty of Sciences and Techniques B.P. 416-Tanger Principale Tanger Morocco

The purpose of this work is to investigate the asymptotic properties of a stochastic Gilpin--Ayala population system under regime switching on patches. We establish the global stability and the extinction of the trivial equilibrium state of the model. Further- more, we show the existence of the stationary distribution for our system model. The analytical results are illustrated by computer simulations.

关键词： Gilpin-Ayala model Markov switching species dispersal extinction ergo-dicity.

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Hybrid Segmentation Approach for Different Medical Image Modalities

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第11期73卷 3454-3471页

作者： Walid el-Shafai Amira A.Mahmoud el-Sayed M.el-Rabaie Taha E.Taha Osama F.Zahran adel S.el-Fishawy Naglaa F.Soliman Amel A.Alhussan Fathi E.Abd el-Samie Department electronics and electrical Communications Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia UniversityMenouf32952Egypt Security Engineering Laboratory Department of Computer SciencePrince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Sciences College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia

The segmentation process requires separating the image region into sub-regions of similar *** sub-region has a group of pixels having the same characteristics,such as texture or *** paper suggests an efficient hybrid segmentation approach for different medical image modalities based on particle swarm optimization(PSO)and improved fast fuzzy C-means clustering(IFFCM)*** extensive comparative study on different medical images is presented between the proposed approach and other different previous segmentation *** existing medical image segmentation techniques incorporate clustering,thresholding,graph-based,edge-based,active contour,region-based,and watershed *** paper extensively analyzes and summarizes the comparative investigation of these ***,a prediction of the improvement involves the combination of these techniques is *** obtained results demonstrate that the proposed hybrid medical image segmentation approach provides superior outcomes in terms of the examined evaluation metrics compared to the preceding segmentation techniques.

关键词： Image segmentation ultrasonic images X-ray images CT images PET images MR images fuzzy c-mean morphological operations active contour

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