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Clinical and biochemical predictors of intensive care unit admission among patients with diabetic ketoacidosis

World Journal of Diabetes 2023年第3期14卷 271-278页

作者： adeel ahmad khan Fateen Ata Phool Iqbal Mohammed Bashir Anand Kartha Department of Endocrinology Hamad Medical CorporationDoha 00000Qatar Department of Medicine Metropolitan Hospital CenterNew YorkNY 10595United States Department of Medicine Hamad Medical CorporationDoha 00000Qatar

BACKGROUND Diabetic ketoacidosis(DKA)contributes to 94%of diabetes-related hospital admissions,and its incidence is *** to the complexity of its management and the need for rigorous monitoring,many DKA patients are managed in the intensive care unit(ICU).However,studies comparing DKA patients managed in ICU to non-ICU settings show an increase in healthcare costs without significantly affecting patient *** is,therefore,essential to identify suitable candidates for ICU care in DKA *** To evaluate factors that predict the requirement for ICU care in DKA *** This retrospective study included consecutive patients with index DKA episodes who presented to the emergency department of four general hospitals of Hamad Medical Corporation,Doha,Qatar,between January 2015 and March *** adult patients(>14 years)fulfilling the American Diabetes Association criteria for DKA diagnosis were *** We included 922 patients with DKA in the final analysis,of which 229(25%)were managed in the *** to non-ICU patients,patients admitted to ICU were older[mean(SD)age of 40.4±13.7 years vs 34.5±14.6 years;P<0.001],had a higher body mass index[median(IQR)of 24.6(21.5-28.4)kg/m2 vs 23.7(20.3-27.9)kg/m2;P<0.030],had T2DM(61.6%)and were predominantly males(69%vs 31%;P<0.020).ICU patients had a higher white blood cell count[median(IQR)of 15.1(10.2-21.2)×103/uL vs 11.2(7.9-15.7)×103/uL,P<0.001],urea[median(IQR)of 6.5(4.6-10.3)mmol/L vs 5.6(4.0-8.0)mmol/L;P<0.001],creatinine[median(IQR)of 99(75-144)mmol/L vs 82(63-144)mmol/L;P<0.001],C-reactive protein[median(IQR)of 27(9-83)mg/L vs 14(5-33)mg/L;P<0.001]and anion gap[median(IQR)of 24.0(19.2-29.0)mEq/L vs 22(17-27)mEq/L;P<0.001];while a lower venous pH[mean(SD)of 7.10±0.15 vs 7.20±0.13;P<0.001]and bicarbonate level[mean(SD)of 9.2±4.1 mmol/L vs 11.6±4.3 mmol/L;P<0.001]at admission than those not requiring ICU management of DKA(P<0.001).Patients in the ICU group had a longer LOS[median(IQR)of

关键词： Diabetic ketoacidosis Type 1 diabetes mellitus Type 2 diabetes mellitus Intensive care unit Critical care outcomes Length of stay

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Progress in electrocatalytic nitrate reduction for green energy:Catalyst engineering,mechanisms,and techno-economic feasibility

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第8期95卷 380-406,I0009页

作者： Hafiz Muhammad adeel Sharif Hafiz Muhammad Farooq khan Sadeeq Ullah Yuwei Wang Muhammad ahmad Bo Yang Changping Li Muhammad Bilal Asif Research Center for Eco-Environmental Engineering Dongguan University of TechnologyDongguan 523808GuangdongChina College of Chemistry and Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060GuangdongChina FMH College of Medicine and Dentistry LahorePakistan School of Environment and Civil Engineering Research Center for Eco-Environment EngineeringDongguan University of TechnologyDongguan 523106GuangdongChina Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center(AMPMC) Physical Sciences and Engineering(PSE)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955Saudi Arabia

Ammonia(NH_(3))is an irreplaceable chemical that has been widely demanded to keep the sustainable development of modern ***,its industrial production consumes a huge amount of energy and releases extraordinary greenhouse gases(GHGs),leading to various environmental *** the green production of ammonia is a great challenge,which has been extensively pursued in the last *** this review,the most promising strategy,electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction(e-NO_(3)RR),is comprehensively investigated to give a complete understanding of its development and mechanism and provide guidance for future ***,owing to the complex reactions and limited selectivity,a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms is crucial to further development and ***,NO_(3)^(-)RR is a promising strategy for simultaneous water treatment and NH_(3)production.A detailed overview of the recent progress in NO_(3)^(-)RR for NH_(3)production with nontransition and transition metal based electrocatalysts is *** addition,critical advanced techniques,future challenges,and prospects are discussed to guide future research on transition metal-based catalysts for commercial NH_(3)synthesis by NO_(3)^(-)reduction.

关键词： Nitrate reduction Electrolysis Pollution to solution Transition metal catalysts Ammonia synthesis Green energy

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Predicting Age and Gender in Author Profiling: A Multi-Feature Exploration

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 3333-3353页

作者： Aiman Muhammad Arshad Bilal khan Sadique ahmad Muhammad Asim Department of Computer Science City University of Science and Information TechnologyPeshawar25000Pakistan EIAS:Data Science and Blockchain Laboratory College of Computer and Information SciencesPrince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia School of Computer Science and Technology Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou510006China

Author Profiling (AP) is a subsection of digital forensics that focuses on the detection of the author’s personalinformation, such as age, gender, occupation, and education, based on various linguistic features, e.g., stylistic,semantic, and syntactic. The importance of AP lies in various fields, including forensics, security, medicine, andmarketing. In previous studies, many works have been done using different languages, e.g., English, Arabic, French,***, the research on RomanUrdu is not up to the ***, this study focuses on detecting the author’sage and gender based on Roman Urdu text messages. The dataset used in this study is Fire’18-MaponSMS. Thisstudy proposed an ensemble model based on AdaBoostM1 and Random Forest (AMBRF) for AP using multiplelinguistic features that are stylistic, character-based, word-based, and sentence-based. The proposed model iscontrasted with several of the well-known models fromthe literature, including J48-Decision Tree (J48),Na飗e Bays(NB), K Nearest Neighbor (KNN), and Composite Hypercube on Random Projection (CHIRP), NB-Updatable,RF, and AdaboostM1. The overall outcome shows the better performance of the proposed AdaboostM1 withRandom Forest (ABMRF) with an accuracy of 54.2857% for age prediction and 71.1429% for gender predictioncalculated on stylistic features. Regarding word-based features, age and gender were considered in 50.5714% and60%, respectively. On the other hand, KNN and CHIRP show the weakest performance using all the linguisticfeatures for age and gender prediction.

关键词： Digital forensics author profiling for security AdaBoostM1 random forest ensemble learning

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Understanding the catalytic performance and deactivation behaviour of second-promoter doped Pt/WO_(χ)/γ-Al_(2)O_(3) catalysts in the glycerol hydrogenolysis for selective and cleaner production of 1,3-propanediol

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 486-507页

作者： Rafik Rajjak Shaikh Sittichai Damruang Rais ahmad khan Supareak Praserthdam Piyasan Praserthdam Center of Excellence on Catalysis and Catalytic Reaction Engineering(CECC) Department of Chemical EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringChulalongkorn UniversityBangkok 10330Thailand Department of Chemistry College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 2455Riyadh 11451Saudi Arabia High-Performance Computing Unit(CECC-HCU) Centre of Excellence on Catalysis and Catalytic Reaction Engineering(CECC)Department of Chemical EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringChulalongkorn UniversityBangkok 10330Thailand

The selective aqueous-phase glycerol hydrogenolysis is a promising reaction to produce commercially useful 1,3-propanediol(1,3-PDO).The Pt-WOx bifunctional catalyst can catalyse the glycerol hydrogenol-ysis but the catalyst deactivation via sintering,metal leaching,and coking can predominantly occur in the aqueous phase *** this work,the effect of reaction temperature,pressure and second promoter(Cu,Fe,Rh,Mn,Re,Ru,Ir,Sn,B,and P)on catalytic performance and deactivation behaviour of Pt/WOx/-Al2O3 was *** doped with Rh,Mn,Re,Ru,Ir,B,and P,the second promoter boosts catalytic activity by promoting great dispersion of Pt on support and increasing Pt surface *** increased Bronsted acid sites lead to selective synthesis of 1,3-PDO than 1,2-propanediol(1,2-PDO).The characterization studies of fresh and spent catalysts reveal that the main cause of catalyst deactivation is the Pt sintering,as interpreted based on XRD,CO chemisorption,and TEM *** Pt sintering is affected depending on the second promoter that can either or reduce the interaction between Pt,WO_(χ)/γ and Al_(2)O_(3).As an electron acceptor of Pt in Pt/WO_(χ)/γ-Al_(2)O_(3),Re and Mn as second promoters resulted in increased Pt^(2+) on the catalytic surface,which strengthens the contact between Pt andγ-Al_(2)O_(3) and WO_(χ),resulting in a decrease in Pt *** metal leaching and coking are not affected by the presence of second *** catalyst modified with a second promoter possesses improved catalytic activity and 1,3-PDO production,however the stability continues to remain a *** present work unrav-elled the determining parameters of catalytic activity and deactivation,thus providing a promising pro-tocol toward effective catalysts for glycerol hydrogenolysis.

关键词： Glycerol hydrogenolysis 1,3-propanediol Metal-support interaction Second promoter Liquid phase Catalyst deactivation

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Carbon compensation and carbon neutrality:Regional variations based on net carbon transfer of trade in China

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第4期15卷 159-175页

作者： Xue Han Xincai Gao Fayyaz ahmad Abbas Ali Chandio Salim khan School of Economics Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000GansuChina College of Economics Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China School of Management Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

Inter-provincial carbon compensation is an important means for a country to realize regional environmental protection and achieve coordinated regional development and realize the carbon neutral *** is easier to realize inter-provincial carbon compensation compared with the national *** on the multi-regional input-output model and the input-output data of 30 provinces in China,this study measured the carbon transfer in,carbon transfer out and net carbon transfer of each province,and based on the undesirable slacks-based measurement model under the common frontier,the provinces were given the shadow price of carbon emission in line with the situation of the local economic development,resource endowment,and industrial structure,and based on which,the amount of carbon compensation of each province was *** results show that:China's provinces and regions have a larger share of trade-implied carbon emissions;the net carbon transfer in areas mainly concentrated in the traditional energy provinces,which provide industrial products for other regions and undertake the transfer of carbon emissions,and become the main carbon compensation recipient areas;the net carbon transfer out is mainly concentrated in the economically developed and densely populated areas such as Beijing-Tianjin region and the eastern and southern coasts,which satisfy the end-consumption by purchasing a large number of industrial products and generate a large amount of carbon *** out;becoming the main carbon offset payment *** on the results of this study,it is proposed to improve the national provincial carbon offset mechanism and implement a differentiated and synergistic carbon emission reduction cooperation *** research program of this study can provide a reference for the development of inter-regional carbon offset programs.

关键词： Carbon transfer Shadow price Carbon emission responsibility Carbon compensation

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Performance Enhancement of XML Parsing Using Regression and Parallelism

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2024年第2期48卷 287-303页

作者： Muhammad Ali Minhaj ahmad khan Department of Computer Science Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60000Pakistan

The Extensible Markup Language(XML)files,widely used for storing and exchanging information on the web require efficient parsing mechanisms to improve the performance of the *** the existing Document Object Model(DOM)based parsing,the performance degrades due to sequential processing and large memory requirements,thereby requiring an efficient XML parser to mitigate these *** this paper,we propose a Parallel XML Tree Generator(PXTG)algorithm for accelerating the parsing of XML files and a Regression-based XML Parsing Framework(RXPF)that analyzes and predicts performance through profiling,regression,and code generation for efficient *** PXTG algorithm is based on dividing the XML file into n parts and producing n trees in *** profiling phase of the RXPF framework produces a dataset by measuring the performance of various parsing models including StAX,SAX,DOM,JDOM,and PXTG on different cores by using multiple file *** regression phase produces the prediction model,based on which the final code for efficient parsing of XML files is produced through the code generation *** RXPF framework has shown a significant improvement in performance varying from 9.54%to 32.34%over other existing models used for parsing XML files.

关键词： Regression parallel parsing multi-cores XML

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Developing Lexicons for Enhanced Sentiment Analysis in Software Engineering:An Innovative Multilingual Approach for Social Media Reviews

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 2771-2793页

作者： Zohaib ahmad khan Yuanqing Xia Ahmed khan Muhammad Sadiq Mahmood Alam Fuad AAwwad Emad A.A.Ismail School of Automation Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China Department of Computer Science and Technology University of Science and Technology BannuKPKBannu28100Pakistan School of Computer Science and Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha410083China Department of Quantitative Analysis College of Business AdministrationKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 71115Riyadh11587Saudi Arabia

Sentiment analysis is becoming increasingly important in today’s digital age, with social media being a significantsource of user-generated content. The development of sentiment lexicons that can support languages other thanEnglish is a challenging task, especially for analyzing sentiment analysis in social media reviews. Most existingsentiment analysis systems focus on English, leaving a significant research gap in other languages due to limitedresources and tools. This research aims to address this gap by building a sentiment lexicon for local languages,which is then used with a machine learning algorithm for efficient sentiment analysis. In the first step, a lexiconis developed that includes five languages: Urdu, Roman Urdu, Pashto, Roman Pashto, and English. The sentimentscores from SentiWordNet are associated with each word in the lexicon to produce an effective sentiment score. Inthe second step, a naive Bayesian algorithm is applied to the developed lexicon for efficient sentiment analysis ofRoman Pashto. Both the sentiment lexicon and sentiment analysis steps were evaluated using information retrievalmetrics, with an accuracy score of 0.89 for the sentiment lexicon and 0.83 for the sentiment analysis. The resultsshowcase the potential for improving software engineering tasks related to user feedback analysis and productdevelopment.

关键词： Emotional assessment regional dialects SentiWordNet naive bayesian technique lexicons software engineering user feedback

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Modeling the dynamical behavior of the interaction of T-cells and human immunodeficiency virus with saturated incidence

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第3期76卷 1-14页

作者： Salah Boulaaras Rashid Jan Amin khan Ali Allahem Imtiaz ahmad Salma Bahramand Department of Mathematics College of ScienceQassim UniversityBuraydah51452Saudi Arabia Institute of Energy Infrastructure(IEI) Department of Civil EngineeringCollege of EngineeringUniversiti Tenaga Nasional(UNITEN)Putrajaya CampusJalan IKRAM-UNITEN43000 KajangSelangorMalaysia Department of Mathematics University of SwabiSwabi 23561Pakistan Department of Mathematics College of SciencesQassim UniversitySaudi Arabia Institute of Informatics and Computing in Energy(IICE) Universiti Tenaga NasionalKajangSelangorMalaysia Department of Political Science Bacha Khan University CharsaddaCharsadda 24420KPK Pakistan

In the last forty years,the rise of HIV has undoubtedly become a major concern in the field of public health,imposing significant economic burdens on affected ***,it becomes imperative to undertake comprehensive investigations into the mechanisms governing the dissemination of HIV within the human *** this work,we have devised a mathematical model that elucidates the intricate interplay between CD4^(+)T-cells and viruses of HIV,employing the principles of fractional *** production rate of CD4^(+)T-cells,like other immune cells depends on certain factors such as age,health status,and the presence of infections or ***,we incorporate a variable source term in the dynamics of HIV infection with a saturated incidence rate to enhance the precision of our *** introduce the fundamental concepts of fractional operators as a means of scrutinizing the proposed HIV *** facilitate a deeper understanding of our system,we present an iterative scheme that elucidates the trajectories of the solution pathways of the *** show the time series analysis of our model through numerical findings to conceptualize and understand the key factors of the *** addition to this,we present the phase portrait and the oscillatory behavior of the system with the variation of different input *** information can be utilized to predict the long-term behavior of the system,including whether it will converge to a steady state or exhibit periodic or chaotic oscillations.

关键词： HIV infection fractional-calculus dynamics of HIV iterative scheme dynamical behaviour mathematical model fractional derivatives

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Genome-wide identification and expression profiling of photosystem II(PsbX)gene family in upland cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.)

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Journal of Cotton Research 2024年第1期7卷 1-14页

作者： RAZA Irum PARVEEN Abida ahmad adeel HU Daowu PAN Zhaoe ALI Imran DU Xiongming Institute of Cotton Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesNational Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated UtilizationAnyangHenan 455000China Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Kohat University of Science and TechnologyKohatPakistan Department of Botany Kohat University of Science and TechnologyKohatPakistan.

Background Photosystem II(PSII)constitutes an intricate assembly of protein pigments,featuring extrinsic and intrinsic polypeptides within the photosynthetic *** low-molecular-weight transmembrane protein PsbX has been identified in PSII,which is associated with the oxygen-evolving *** expression of PsbX gene protein is regulated by ***’s central role involves the regulation of PSII,facilitating the binding of quinone molecules to the Qb(PsbA)site,and it additionally plays a crucial role in optimizing the efficiency of *** these insights,a comprehensive understanding of the PsbX gene’s functions has remained *** In this study,we identified ten PsbX genes in Gossypium hirsutum *** phylogenetic analysis results showed that 40 genes from nine species were classified into one *** resulting sequence logos exhibited substantial conservation across the N and C terminals at multiple sites among all Gossypium ***,the ortholo-gous/paralogous,Ka/Ks ratio revealed that cotton PsbX genes subjected to positive as well as purifying selection pressure might lead to limited divergence,which resulted in the whole genome and segmental *** expression patterns of GhPsbX genes exhibited variations across specific tissues,as indicated by the ***,the expression of GhPsbX genes could potentially be regulated in response to salt,intense light,and drought ***,GhPsbX genes may play a significant role in the modulation of photosynthesis under adverse abiotic *** We examined the structure and function of PsbX gene family very first by using comparative genom-ics and systems biology approaches in *** seems that PsbX gene family plays a vital role during the growth and development of cotton under stress ***,the results of this study provide basic information to unveil the molecular and physiological function of PsbX genes of cotton plan

关键词： Photosystem Phylogenetic Synteny RNA seq Gene expression Orthologous

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Modelling of debris-flow susceptibility and propagation: a case study from Northwest Himalaya

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 200-217页

作者： Hamza DAUD Javed Iqbal TANOLI Sardar Muhammad ASIF Muhammad QASIM Muhammad ALI Junaid khan Zahid Imran BHATTI Ishtiaq ahmad khan JADOON Badong National Observation and Research Station of Geohazards China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Department of Earth Sciences COMSATS University IslamabadAbbottabad Campus 22010Pakistan Department of Earth Sciences Sultan Qaboos UniversityAl-KhoudMascat 123Oman Faculty of Engineering China University of Geosciences(Wuhan)Wuhan 430074China Department of Earth Sciences Abbottabad University of Science and TechnologyHavelian 22500Pakistan

The geological and geographical position of the Northwest Himalayas makes it a vulnerable area for mass movements particularly landslides and debris flows. Mass movements have had a substantial impact on the study area which is extending along Karakorum Highway(KKH) from Besham to Chilas. Intense seismicity, deep gorges, steep terrain and extreme climatic events trigger multiple mountain hazards along the KKH, among which debris flow is recognized as the most destructive geohazard. This study aims to prepare a field-based debris flow inventory map at a regional scale along a 200 km stretch from Besham to Chilas. A total of 117 debris flows were identified in the field, and subsequently, a point-based debris-flow inventory and catchment delineation were performed through Arc GIS analysis. Regional scale debris flow susceptibility and propagation maps were prepared using Weighted Overlay Method(WOM) and Flow-R technique sequentially. Predisposing factors include slope, slope aspect, elevation, Topographic Roughness Index(TRI), Topographic Wetness Index(TWI), stream buffer, distance to faults, lithology rainfall, curvature, and collapsed material layer. The dataset was randomly divided into training data(75%) and validation data(25%). Results were validated through the Receiver Operator Characteristics(ROC) curve. Results show that Area Under the Curve(AUC) using WOM model is 79.2%. Flow-R propagation of debris flow shows that the 13.15%, 22.94%, and 63.91% areas are very high, high, and low susceptible to debris flow respectively. The propagation predicated by Flow-R validates the naturally occurring debris flow propagation as observed in the field surveys. The output of this research will provide valuable input to the decision makers for the site selection, designing of the prevention system, and for the protection of current infrastructure.

关键词： North Pakistan Debris flow Flow-R Propagation Susceptibility mapping Debris-flow inventory Weighted Overlay Method

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