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Defining metabolic activity of nephrolithiasis--Appropriate evaluation and follow-up of stone formers

Asian Journal of Urology 2018年第4期5卷 235-242页

作者： Daniel A.Wollin adam g.kaplan glenn M.Preminger Pietro Manuel Ferraro Antonio Nouvenne Andrea Tasca Emanuele Croppi giovanni gambaro Ita P.Heilberg Duke Comprehensive Kidney Stone Center Division of Urologic SurgeryDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNCUSA Columbus-gemelli University Hospital Division of NephrologyDepartment of Medical SciencesRomeItaly University of Parma Department of Clinical and Experimental MedicineParmaItaly S.Bortolo Hospital Department of UrologyVicenzaItaly Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo Nephrology DivisionSao PauloBrazil

Considering the variation in metabolic evaluation and medical management of kidney stone disease,this consensus review was created to discuss the metabolic activity of nephrolithiasis,define the difference between single and recurrent stone formers,and develop a schema for metabolic and radiologic follow-up.A systematic review of the literature was performed to identify studies of metabolic evaluation and follow-up of patients with *** single and recurrent stone formers share many similarities in metabolic *** study group determined that based on an assessment of risk for stone recurrence and metabolic activity,single and recurrent stone formers should be evaluated comprehensively,including two 24 h urine studies on a random *** medication and dietary recommendations are effective for many patients in reducing the risk of stone ***-up of those with stone disease should be obtained depending on the level of metabolic activity of the patient,the risk of chronic kidney disease and the risk of osteoporosis/osteopenia.A standard scheme includes a baseline metabolic profile,a repeat study 3e6 months after initiation of treatment,and then yearly when stable,with abdominal imaging obtained every 1-2 years.

关键词： Follow-up Medical management Metabolic evaluation Urolithiasis

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The rate of deadwood decomposition processes in tree stand gaps resulting from bark beetle infestation spots in mountain forests

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第3期11卷 339-346页

作者： Ewa Błonska adam gorski Jarosław Lasota Department of Ecology and Silviculture Faculty of ForestryUniversity of Agriculture in Krakow29 Listopada 46 Str.31-425KrakowPoland

Decaying wood is an essential element of forest ecosystems and it affects its other *** aim of our research was to determine the decomposition rate of deadwood in various humidity and thermal conditions in the gaps formed in the montane forest *** research was carried out in the Babiog orski National *** research plots were marked out in the gaps of the stands,which were formed as a result of bark beetle *** plots were located in undisturbed *** research covered wood of two species–spruce and beech in the form of cubes with dimensions of 50 mm×50 mm×22 *** samples were placed directly on the soil surface and subjected to laboratory analysis after 36 months.A significant influence of the wood species and the study plot type on the physicochemical properties of the tested wood samples was *** characteristics strongly correlated with soil moisture.A significantly higher mass decline of wood samples was recorded on the reference study plots,which were characterized by more stable moisture *** decomposition of wood in the gaps regardless of the species is related to lower *** wood species covered by the study differed in the decomposition *** wood samples were characterized by a significantly higher decomposition rate compared to beech wood *** research has confirmed that disturbances that lead to the formation of gaps have a direct impact on the decomposition process of deadwood.

关键词： Bark beetle Beech Decomposition rate Forest ecosystem Mass decline Spruce Woody debris

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Spatio-temporal coupled mode theory for nonlocal metasurfaces

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第2期13卷 267-282页

作者： adam Overvig Sander A.Mann Andrea Alù Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research CenterCity University of New YorkNew YorkNY10031USA Physics Program Graduate Center of the City University of New YorkNew YorkNY10016USA

Diffractive nonlocal metasurfaces have recently opened a broad range of exciting developments in nanophotonics research and applications,leveraging spatially extended—yet locally patterned—resonant modes to control light with new degrees of *** conventional grating responses are elegantly captured by temporal coupled mode theory,current approaches are not well equipped to capture the arbitrary spatial response observed in the nascent field of nonlocal ***,we introduce spatio-temporal coupled mode theory(STCMT),capable of elegantly capturing the key features of the resonant response of wavefront-shaping nonlocal *** framework can quantitatively guide nonlocal metasurface design while maintaining compatibility with local metasurface frameworks,making it a powerful tool to rationally design and optimize a broad class of ultrathin optical *** validate this STCMT framework against full-wave simulations of various nonlocal metasurfaces,demonstrating that this tool offers a powerful semi-analytical framework to understand and model the physics and functionality of these devices,without the need for computationally intense full-wave *** also discuss how this model may shed physical insights into nonlocal phenomena in photonics and the functionality of the resulting *** a relevant example,we showcase STCMT’s flexibility by applying it to study and rapidly prototype nonlocal metasurfaces that spatially shape thermal emission.

关键词： theory resonant spatially

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Non-symmetric differentially subordinate martingales and sharp weak-type bounds for Fourier multipliers

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Science China Mathematics 2024年第8期67卷 1807-1826页

作者： Meryem Akboudj Yong Jiao adam Osękowski School of Mathematics and Statistics Hunan Key Laboratory of Analytical Mathematics and ApplicationsCentral South UniversityChangsha 410075China Faculty of Mathematics Informatics and MechanicsUniversity of WarsawWarsaw 02-097Poland

Let p>2 be a given *** this paper,we prove,with the best constant,the weak-type(p,p)inequality■for a large class of non-symmetric Fourier multipliers T_(m) obtained via modulation of jumps of certain Lévy *** particular,the estimate holds for appropriate linear combinations of second-order Riesz transforms and skew versions of the Beurling-Ahlfors operator on the complex *** proof rests on a novel probabilistic bound for Hilbert-space-valued martingales satisfying a certain non-symmetric subordination *** applications to harmonic functions and Riesz systems on Euclidean domains are indicated.

关键词： weak-type bound Fourier multiplier martingale differential subordination laminate

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Frequency stabilization of C-band semiconductor lasers through a SiN photonic integrated circuit

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Photonics Research 2024年第8期12卷 1619-1626页

作者： ALESSANDRO BRUgNONI ALI EMRE kaplan VALERIO VITALI KYLE BOTTRILL MICHELE RE PERIKLIS PETROPOULOS COSIMO LACAVA ILARIA CRISTIANI Photonics group Department of ElectricalComputer and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of PaviaPavia 27100Italy Optoelectronics Research Centre University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK Huawei Technologies Italia S.r.l Centro direzionale MilanoSegrate 20054Italy

Integrated semiconductor lasers represent essential building blocks for integrated optical components and circuits and their stability in frequency is fundamental for the development of numerous frontier applications and engineering *** dense optical circuits are considered,the stability of integrated laser sources can be impaired by the thermal cross-talk generated by the action of neighboring components,leading to a deterioration of the long-term system performance(on the scale of seconds).In this work we show the design and the experimental characterization of a silicon nitride photonic integrated circuit(PIC)that is able to frequency stabilize 16semiconductor lasers,simultaneously.A stabilized 50 gHz-spaced two-channel system is demonstrated through the detection of the related beating note and the stability of the resulting waveform is characterized via the use of artificially induced thermal cross-talk stimuli.

关键词： stabilization stability impaired

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Direct microwave leaching conditions of rare earth elements in fluorescent wastes

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第6期42卷 1165-1174,I0007页

作者： A.Bilen B.Birol M.N.Saridede S.S.kaplan M.S.Sonmez Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Yildiz Technical UniversityIstanbulTurkey Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Stevens Institute of TechnologyNew JereyUSA Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Istanbul Technical UniversityIstanbulTurkey

The luminescent phosphor powder in the fluorescent lamp constitutes 2%of the lamp’s *** can be mentioned that fluorescent wastes are a crucial raw material to produce rare earth *** the present study,microwave leaching process was conducted to dissolve rare earth elements yttrium(Y),europium(Eu),and remaining rare earth elements(REEs)present in the phosphor powder of the fluorescent *** the yields were *** the microwave leaching process,the effects of the temperature(80-160℃),acid type(hydrochloric acid(HCl),nitric acid(HNO_(3)),sulphuric acid(H_(2)SO_(4))),acid concentration(0.5-6 mol/L),solid to liquid ratio(0.1:10-0.5:10)and reaction time(5-90 min)parameters on leaching efficiencies of varying rare earth elements and calcium were *** highest yield was obtained in the direct microwave leaching of fluorescent waste with the experimental conditions of 6 mol/L HCl,160℃,0.1:10 solid-to-liquid ratio(S:L),and 90 *** energy calculations were made,and kinetic models of the reactions were obtained,and it is observed that Y and Eu dissolution is diffusion-controlled,on the other hand,lanthanum(La),cerium(Ce),and terbium(Tb)were examined to be chemical reaction ***,calcium(Ca)and gadolinium(gd)seem coherent with the mixed ***,mathematical models of all experimental studies are created with the response surface Box-Behnken method and the correlation coefficients of all the models are over 90%.

关键词： Rare earth elements(REEs) Direct microwave leaching Fluorescent waste Kinetic models Response surface method

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Safety and efficiency of Wharton’s Jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cell administration in patients with traumatic brain injury:First results of a phase I study

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第6期16卷 641-655页

作者： Serdar Kabatas ErdinçCivelek Osman Boyalı gülseli Berivan Sezen Omer Ozdemir Yeliz Bahar-Ozdemir Necati kaplan Eyüp Can Savrunlu Erdal Karaöz Department of Neurosurgery University of Health Sciences TurkeyGaziosmanpaşa Training and Research HospitalIstanbul 34360Türkiye Center for Stem Cell&gene Therapy Research and Practice University of Health Sciences TurkeyIstanbul 34255Türkiye Department of Neurosurgery University of Health SciencesGaziosmanpaşa Training and Research HospitalIstanbul 34255Türkiye Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Health Sciences University Sultan Abdulhamid Han Training and Research HospitalIstanbul 34668Türkiye Department of Neurosurgery Istanbul Rumeli UniversityÇorlu Reyap HospitalTekirdağ59860Türkiye Department of Neurosurgery Nevşehir State HospitalNevşehir 50300Türkiye Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research&Manufacturing(LivMedCell) Liv HospitalIstanbul 34340Türkiye Department of Histology and Embryology Istinye UniversityFaculty of MedicineIstanbul 34010Türkiye Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research and Practice Istinye UniversityIstanbul 34340Türkiye

BACKgROUND Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is characterized by a disruption in the normal function of the brain due to an injury following a trauma,which can potentially cause severe physical,cognitive,and emotional *** cell transplantation has evolved as a novel treatment modality in the management of TBI,as it has the potential to arrest the degeneration and promote regeneration of new cells in the ***’s Jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells(WJ-MSCs)have recently shown beneficial effects in the functional recovery of neurological *** To evaluate the safety and efficiency of MSC therapy in *** We present 6 patients,4 male and 2 female aged between 21 and 27 years who suffered a *** 6 patients underwent 6 doses of intrathecal,intramuscular(i.m.)and intravenous transplantation of WJ-MSCs at a target dose of 1×106/kg for each application *** was assessed using the Modified Ashworth scale(MAS),motor function according to the Medical Research Council Muscle Strength Scale,quality of life was assessed by the Functional Independence Measure(FIM)scale and Karnofsky Performance Status *** Our patients showed only early,transient complications,such as subfebrile fever,mild headache,and muscle pain due to ***,which resolved within 24 *** the one year follow-up,no other safety issues or adverse events were *** 6 patients showed improvements in their cognitive abilities,muscle spasticity,muscle strength,performance scores and fine motor skills when compared before and after the *** values,which we used to assess spasticity,were observed to statistically significantly decrease for both left and right sides(Pgnitive scores(Pgnificant increase in pretest posttest *** difference observed in the participants’Karnofsky Performance Scale values pre and post the intervention was statistically si

关键词： Traumatic brain injury Wharton Jelly Stem cell therapy Transplantation Mesenchymal stem cell

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Pioneering the direct large-scale laser printing of flexible“graphenic silicon”self-standing thin films as ultrahigh-performance lithium-ion battery anodes

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Carbon Energy 2024年第7期6卷 26-40页

作者： Avinash Kothuru adam Cohen gil Daffan Yonatan Juhl Fernando Patolsky School of Chemistry Faculty of Exact SciencesTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of EngineeringTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael

Recent technological advancements,such as portable electronics and electric vehicles,have created a pressing need for more efficient energy storage ***-ion batteries(LIBs)have been the preferred choice for these applications,with graphite being the standard anode material due to its ***,graphite falls short of meeting the growing demand for higher energy density,possessing a theoretical capacity that lags *** address this,researchers are actively seeking alternative materials to replace graphite in commercial *** promising avenue involves lithiumalloying materials like silicon and phosphorus,which offer high theoretical ***-silicon composites have emerged as a viable option,showing improved capacity and performance over traditional graphite or pure silicon ***,the existing methods for synthesizing these composites remain complex,energy-intensive,and costly,preventing widespread adoption.A groundbreaking approach is presented here:the use of a laser writing strategy to rapidly transform common organic carbon precursors and silicon blends into efficient“graphenic silicon”composite thin *** films exhibit exceptional structural and energy storage *** resulting three-dimensional porous composite anodes showcase impressive attributes,including ultrahigh silicon content,remarkable cyclic stability(over 4500 cycles with∼40%retention),rapid charging rates(up to 10 A g^(-1)),substantial areal capacity(>5.1 mAh cm^(-2)),and excellent gravimetric capacity(>2400 mAh g^(-1) at 0.2 A g^(-1)).This strategy marks a significant step toward the scalable production of high-performance LIB *** widely available,cost-effective precursors,the laser-printed“graphenic silicon”composites demonstrate unparalleled performance,potentially streamlining anode production while maintaining exceptional *** innovation not only paves the way for advanced LIBs but also sets a precedent for

关键词： 4D printing energy storage fast-charging laser-induced graphene lithium-ion silicon carbon composite anodes

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Community-led total sanitation(CLTS)implementation in West Mamprusi Municipal Assembly in *** do communities think eleven years on?

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global Health Journal 2024年第2期8卷 67-73页

作者： Elijah adam Emmanuel Badu School of Media Creative and Social InquiryCurtin UniversityBentleyWestern AustraliaAustralia School of Population Health Curtin UniversityBentleyWestern AustraliaAustralia

Objective Access to improved sanitation is a fundamental human right and an important aspect of Public ***,an estimated thousands of people in ghana especially,the West Mamprusi Municipal Assembly(WMMA)still have no access to adequate toilet *** has brought untold health repercussions to the inhabitants,the community,and the environment at *** address this menace,the community-led total sanitation(CLTS)was *** study aimed to assess communities’perspectives on the implementation of CLTS and to understand the factors influencing its success and *** A mixed-method approach involving sequential qualitative and quantitative methods was employed in this *** for the quantitative study were randomly selected and surveyed using *** qualitative study employed focus group discussion involving purposively sampled participants including assembly members,opinion leaders,and assembly *** The CLTS program in WMMA realized an apparent use of construction and proper use of household latrines leading to a reduction of open defecation free(ODF)and two communities achieving sanitized status in the history of the study area,enabling the training of latrine artisans and natural leaders to facilitate the CLTS expansion and sustainability,improved sanitation and hygiene,strengthened the enforcement of community rules and regulations and many *** The CLTS program has received more widespread acceptance in the study area than the previous government policy of constructing public toilets,which was greeted with massive failures due to poor *** ensure that gains achieved through CLTS implementation are sustained longer,it is recommended that chiefs and opinion leaders should be involved in the CLTS programs to ensure checks and *** entrenchment of bylaws and more education to address enduring myths and misconceptions will sustain the *** in the form

关键词： Community-led total sanitation(CLTS) Community development ghana Sanitation

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Degradation and resynthesis of chlorophyll during increased oxidative stress and prolonged darkness differ between annual and perennial flax(Linum L.)

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Oil Crop Science 2024年第2期9卷 121-130页

作者： Kenyon J. Nisbett Abida Alokozai Su Hyun Elizabeth Ko g. adam Mott Jason C.L. Browna Department of Biological Sciences University of Toronto ScarboroughTorontoONCanada Department of Cell&Systems Biology University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Centre for the Analysis of genome Evolution&Function University of TorontoTorontoONCanada

Among plants,there is considerable variation in lifespan:annuals live less than one year,whereas perennials live for several years,with the longest-living perennial having survived 43,600 *** proposed by the Disposable Soma Theory,this lifespan variation among plants likely reflects differential investment of limited energy and nutrient resources,with perennials investing more energy and nutrients into biomolecular maintenance compared to annuals in order to ensure persistence over multiple *** differential investment may be particularly important during periods of exogenous stress,which are known to accelerate biomolecular *** present study evaluated this hypothesis using annual and perennial flax(Linum L.)subjected to two exogenous stressors—increased oxidative stress(i.e.,foliar H2O2spraying)and complete prolonged *** chlorophyll has been shown to exhibit degradation in response to changes in environmental conditions,we utilized changes in chlorophyll levels during and after periods of exogenous stress to evaluate our *** predicted that i)perennials would exhibit a slower rate of chlorophyll degradation during exposure to exogenous stressors compared to annuals,and ii)perennials would exhibit a faster rate of chlorophyll resynthesis following such exposure compared to *** levels before,during,and after exposure to both exogenous stressors were measured in two separate trails,once using image colour analysis and once using *** chlorophyll degradation rates in response to oxidative stress did not differ between annuals and perennials,contrary to our predictions,chlorophyll resynthesis rates following such exposure were significantly higher in perennials,as *** plants were subjected to complete prolonged darkness,chlorophyll degradation rates were significantly lower in perennials than annuals,as predicted;however,when plants were subsequently reintroduced to natural photoperiod,ch

关键词： Ageing Life history Maximum lifespan Oxidative stress Somatic maintenance

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