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Heterogeneity of mature oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1336-1349页

作者： Chao Weng adam m.R.Groh moein Yaqubi Qiao-Ling Cui Jo Anne Stratton G.R.Wayne moore Jack P.Antel Neuroimmunology Unit Montreal Neurological Institute-HospitalDepartment of Neurology and NeurosurgeryMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada Department of Neurology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

mature oligodendrocytes form myelin sheaths that are crucial for the insulation of axons and efficient signal transmission in the central nervous *** evidence has challenged the classical view of the functionally static mature oligodendrocyte and revealed a gamut of dynamic functions such as the ability to modulate neuronal circuitry and provide metabolic support to *** the recognition of potential heterogeneity in mature oligodendrocyte function,a comprehensive summary of mature oligodendrocyte diversity is *** delve into early 20th-century studies by Robertson and Río-Hortega that laid the foundation for the modern identification of regional and morphological heterogeneity in mature ***,recent morphologic and functional studies call into question the long-assumed homogeneity of mature oligodendrocyte function through the identification of distinct subtypes with varying myelination ***,modern molecular investigations,employing techniques such as single cell/nucleus RNA sequencing,consistently unveil at least six mature oligodendrocyte subpopulations in the human central nervous system that are highly transcriptomically diverse and vary with central nervous system *** and disease related mature oligodendrocyte variation denotes the impact of pathological conditions such as multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer's disease,and psychiatric ***,caution is warranted when subclassifying mature oligodendrocytes because of the simplification needed to make conclusions about cell identity from temporally confined *** studies leveraging advanced techniques like spatial transcriptomics and single-cell proteomics promise a more nuanced understanding of mature oligodendrocyte *** research avenues that precisely evaluate mature oligodendrocyte heterogeneity with care to understand the mitigating influence of species,sex,central nervous system region,age,and disease,

关键词： aging central nervous system diseases electron microscopy heterogeneity immunohistochemistry myelin sheath natural history neuroglia oligodendroglia single-cell gene expression analysis

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CONVERGENCE RATES FOR DIFFERENCE SCHEmES FOR POLYHEDRAL NONLINEAR PARABOLIC EQUATIONS

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Journal of Computational mathematics 2010年第4期28卷 474-488页

作者： adam m.Oberman Department of mathematics Simon Fraser University

We build finite difference schemes for a class of fully nonlinear parabolic equations. The schemes are polyhedral and grid aligned. While this is a restrictive class of schemes, a wide class of equations are well approximated by equations from this class. For regular （C2,α） solutions of uniformly parabolic equations, we also establish of convergence rate of O（α）. A case study along with supporting numerical results is included.

关键词： Error estimates Convergence rate Viscosity solutions Finite difference schemes

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Expanding roles for pectins in plant development

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2018年第10期60卷 910-923页

作者： adam m.Saffer Department of molecular Cellular and Developmental BiologyYale University

Pectins are complex cell wall polysaccharides important for many aspects of plant development. Recent studies have discovered extensive physical interactions between pectins and other cell wall components,implicating pectins in new molecular functions. Pectins are often localized in spatially-restricted patterns, and some of these non-uniform pectin distributions contribute to multiple aspects of plant development, including the morphogenesis of cells and organs. Furthermore, a growing number of mutants affecting cell wall composi- tion have begun to reveal the distinct contributions of different pectins to plant development. This review discusses the interactions of pectins with other cell wall components, the functions of pectins in controlling cellular morphology, and how non-uniform pectin composition can be an important determinant of developmental processes.

关键词： Expanding roles for pectins in plant development

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Treatment of tunnel wash waters-experiments with organic sorbent materials. PartⅡ: Removal of toxic metals

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第8期20卷 1042-1045页

作者： PARUCH adam m ROSETH Roger Bioforsk-the Norwegian Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research Soil and Environment Division

In the first part of the article, the column and the bag experiments concerning removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nonpolar oil (NPO) from tunnel wash waters using organic sorbent materials have been described. This part presents the results of removal of toxic metals. The metals of concern (Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, mo, Ni, and Zn) were selected based on the priority toxicant pollutants defined in surface water quality criteria. Concentrations of these metals in the collected effluent...

关键词： electrostatic filters reduction level sorbents tunnel toxic metals treatment efficiency wash water

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User scheduling and power allocation for downlink multi-cell multi-carrier NOmA systems

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Digital Communications and Networks 2023年第1期9卷 252-263页

作者： Abuzar B.m.adam Xiaoyu Wan Zhengqiang Wang School of Communications and Information Engineering Chongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqing400065China

In Non-Orthogonal multiple Access(NOmA),the best way to fully exploit the benefits of the system is the efficient resource *** the NOmA power domain,the allocation of power and spectrum require solving the mixed-integer nonlinear programming NP-hard *** this paper,we investigate user scheduling and power allocation in multi-Cell multi-Carrier NOmA(mCmC-NOmA)*** achieve that,we consider Weighted Sum Rate maximization(WSRm)and Weighted Sum Energy Efficiency maximization(WSEEm)***,we tackle the problem of user scheduling for fixed power using Fractional Programming(FP),the Lagrange dual method,and the decomposition ***,we consider Successive Pseudo-Convex Approximation(SPCA)to deal with the WSRm ***,for the WSEEm problem,SPCA is utilized to convert the problem into separable scalar problems,which can be parallelly ***,the Dinkelbach algorithm and constraints relaxation are used to characterize the closed-form solution for power *** simulations have been implemented to show the efficiency of the proposed framework and its superiority over other existing schemes.

关键词： Weighted sum rate Weighted energy efficiency Non-orthogonal multiple access Successive pseudo-convex approximation Fractional programming

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SOLUTION OF OPTImAL TR A NSPORTATION PROBLEmS USING A mULTIGRID LINEAR PROGR AmmING APPROACH

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Journal of Computational mathematics 2020年第6期38卷 933-951页

作者： adam m.Oberman Yuanlong Ruan Department of mathematics McGill UniversityMontrealCanada Department of mathematics Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

We compute and visualize solutions to the Optimal Transportation(OT)problem for a wide class of cost *** standard linear programming(LP)discretization of the continuous problem becomes intractable for moderate grid sizes.A grid refinement method results in a linear cost *** convergence of solutions is established and barycentric projection of transference plans is used to improve the accuracy of *** maps between nonconvex domains,partial OT free boundaries,and high accuracy barycenters are presented.

关键词： Optimal Transportation Linear Programming monge-Kantorovich Barycenter.

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Intraseasonal asynchrony as a factor boosting isolation within a metapopulation: The case of the clouded apollo

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Insect Science 2019年第5期26卷 911-922页

作者： Pawet adamski adam m.Cmiel Anna m.Lipinska Polish Academy of Sciences Institute of Nature ConservationKrakowPoland

This article discusses the influence of phenology-related intraseasonal asynchrony on metapopulation dynamics and stability. As the part played by intraseasonal asynchrony is as yet unclear and poorly described, greater account of it should be taken in both metapopulation research and conservation practice. The subpopulations of the Parnassius mnemosyne metapopulation studied here are strongly isolated because of the phenological shift between them, despite the relatively small physical distances between them. This isolation is the result of a significant temporal shift in the species' flight periods in the main metapopulation centers: in som e seasons its flight times in the different subpopulations did not overlap at all. The predicted results of such strong intraseasonal asynchrony are not altogether clear. On the one hand, they reduce the vulnerability of the entire metapopulation to the effects of short-term random disasters. On the other, the ever-greater isolation of subpopulations may cause the metapopulation to becom e a nonequilibrium one, which will have a serious impact on its long-term survival.

关键词： allee effect demography mathematical modeling metapopulation stability phenology

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Semantic linking of complex properties,monitoring processes and facilities in web-based representations of the environment

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2016年第3期9卷 300-324页

作者： adam m.Leadbetter Peter N.Vodden marine Institute Co.GalwayIreland Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Lancaster Environment CentreLancasterUK

Where a virtual representation of the Earth must contain data values observed within the physical Earth system,data models are required that allow the integration of data across the silos of various Earth and environmental sciences *** a mapping between the well-defined terminologies of these silos is a stubborn *** paper presents a generalised ontology for use within Web 3.0 services,which builds on European Commission spatial data infrastructure *** presented ontology acknowledges that there are many complexities to the description of environmental properties which can be observed within the physical Earth *** ontology is shown to be flexible and robust enough to describe concepts drawn from a range of Earth science disciplines,including ecology,geochemistry,hydrology and *** paper also demonstrates the alignment and compatibility of the ontology with existing systems and shows applications in which the ontology may be deployed.

关键词： observable properties monitoring properties environmental monitoring facilities semantic web geospatial data integration

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Dysregulation of mTOR activity through LKB1 inactivation

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2013年第8期32卷 427-433页

作者： Wei Zhou adam I. m arcus Paula m. Vertino The Winship Cancer Institute Emory University School of Medicine Department of Hematology and Oncology Emory University School of Medicine Department of Pathology and Laboratory medicine Emory University School of Medicine Department of Radiation Oncology Emory University School of Medicine

mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is aberrantly activated in many cancer types, and two rapamycin derivatives are currently approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of the United States for treating renal cell carcinoma. mechanistically, mTOR is hyperactivated in human cancers either due to the genetic activation of its upstream activating signaling pathways or the genetic inactivation of its negative regulators. The tumor suppressor liver kinase B1 (LKB1), also known as serine/threonine kinase 11 (STK11), is involved in cell polarity, cell detachment and adhesion, tumor metastasis, and energetic stress response. A key role of LKB1 is to negatively regulate the activity of mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1). This review summarizes the molecular basis of this negative interaction and recent research progress in this area.

关键词： mTOR 基因激活丝氨酸苏氨酸激酶失活失调活性信号转导通路雷帕霉素

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Solid particle erosion studies of thermally deposited alumina-titania coatings on an aluminum alloy

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International Journal of minerals,metallurgy and materials 2021年第7期28卷 1186-1193页

作者： Chellaganesh Duraipandi adam Khan m Winowlin Jappes J.T. Nouby mGhazaly Peter madindwa mashinini School of Automotive and mechanical Engineering and Centre for Surface Engineering Kalasalingam Academy of Research and EducationKrishnankoil 626126VirudhunagarTamilnaduIndia mechanical Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringSouth Valley UniversityQena 83523Egypt Department of mechanical and Industrial Engineering Technology University of JohannesburgDoornfontein CampusJohannesburg 2028South Africa

Thermal barrier coatings are widely used as surface modifications to enhance the surface properties of the material and protect from surface degradations such as erosion and ***-based coatings are highly recommended to increase wear resistance in the indus-trial *** this paper,an alumina-titania ceramic powder was deposited on an aluminum alloy using an atmospheric plasma spray *** investigations were performed to study the behavior and erosion rate of the *** particle erosion studies were performed by varying the particle velocity and particle flow *** angle impingement and stand-off distance were constant for *** base metal has a clinging effect and the mass change was negative at a maximum particle flow rate of 4 g·min^(−1).Under the same process conditions,the coated sample had a reduced lifetime and reached a maximum erosion rate of 0.052(Δg/g).The solid particle erosion studies confirmed that the base metal aluminum alloy had severe surface damage with erodent reinforcement when compared to the coated *** influence of the particle velocity,particle flow rate,and input process parameters were also identified.

关键词： erosion alumina wear velocity microstructure

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