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The Future of Cosmology and the Role of Non-Linear Perturbations

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2012年第2期57卷 323-325页

作者： adam J.Christopherson Astronomy Unit School of Mathematical SciencesQueen Mary University of LondonMile End RoadLondonE1 4NSUK

Cosmological perturbation theory is a key tool to study the *** linear or first order theory is well understood,however,developing and applying the theory beyond linear order is at the cutting edge of current research in theoretical *** this article,I will describe some signatures of non-linear perturbation theory that do not exist at linear order,focusing on vorticity generation at second *** doing so,we discuss why this,among other features such as induced gravitational waves and non-Gaussianities,shows that cosmological perturbation theory is crucial for testing models of the universe.

关键词： cosmology perturbation theory non-linear

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反套路面试法

Can a dam type of an alpine lake be derived from lake geometry?A negative result

商业评论 2024年第7期 108-113页

作者：亚当·布莱恩特徐广彤 ExCo集团

"如果时间、经费和人才都不是问题,你会怎样做?"这是Evofem生物技术公司CEO桑德拉·佩尔蒂埃(Saun-dra Pelletier)分享给我的一道面试题.当时我问她是怎样面试求职者的——这也是我在过去十年为《纽约时报》(The New York Times)创作每...

"如果时间、经费和人才都不是问题,你会怎样做?"这是Evofem生物技术公司CEO桑德拉·佩尔蒂埃(Saun-dra Pelletier)分享给我的一道面试题.当时我问她是怎样面试求职者的——这也是我在过去十年为《纽约时报》(The New York Times)创作每周一期的"总裁办公室"系列专栏时,经常与CEO们探讨的主题之一.

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Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第3期18卷 614-621页

作者： adam EMMER Vojtěch CURIN University of Graz Institute of Geography and Regional ScienceCascade|The Mountain Processes and Mountain Hazards GroupGraz 8010Austria Czech Academy of Sciences Prague 16500Czechia Global Change Research Institute Czech University of Life Sciences PragueFaculty of Environmental SciencesBrno 60300Czechia

Glacial lake outburst floods(GLOFs)represent one of the most serious hazard and risk in deglaciating high mountain regions worldwide and the need for GLOF hazard and risk assessment is *** a consequence,numerous region-and nation-wide GLOF assessment studies have been published *** studies cover large areas and consider hundreds to thousands of lakes,prioritizing the hazard posed by ***,certain simplification is required for executing such studies,often resulting in neglecting qualitative characteristics which would need manual *** lake dam types(e.g.,bedrock-dammed,moraine-dammed)are often not distinguished,despite they control GLOF mechanism(dam overtopping/dam breach)and thus GLOF *** this study,we explore the potential of easily measurable quantitative characteristics and four ratios to approximate the lake dam *** dataset of 851 lakes of the Cordillera Blanca suggests that while variances and means of these characteristics of individual lake types differ significantly(F-test,t-test),value distribution of different geometrical properties can’t be used for the originally proposed purpose along the *** only promising results are obtained for extreme values(selected bins)of the *** instance,the low width to length ratio indicates likely morainedammed lake while the high value of ratio indicating round-shape of the lake indicates increased likelihood of bedrock-dammed ***,we report a negative result of our experiment since there are negligible differences of relative frequencies in most of the bins along the spectra.

关键词： Alpine lake High mountain lake GLOFs Glacial lake Moraine-dammed Bedrock-dammed Negative result Cordillera Blanca

Current and emerging trends in prostate cancer immunotherapy

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2019年第1期21卷 6-11页

作者： adam Schatz Badar M Mian Division of Urology Albany Medical CollegeAlbany NY 12054USA.

There have been a number of recent developments in the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer which seek to exploit the hormonal ***,the castration-resistant prostate cancer remains a major challenge since this is the lethal and incurable phenotype which results in tens of thousands of deaths every *** has been emerging interest in utilizing anticancer immunotherapy in prostate cancer,especially since the development of *** other prostate cancer therapeutic vaccines including autologous and allogeneic vaccines,as well as viral vector-based vaccines,have demonstrated promising results in early trials.

关键词： prostate cancer immunotherapy hormonal axis

Genetic pathways controlling inflorescence architecture and development in wheat and barley

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2019年第3期61卷 296-309页

作者： adam Gauley Scott A.Boden Department of Crop Genetics John Innes Centre Norwich Research Park

Modifications of inflorescence architecture have been crucial for the successful domestication of wheat and barley, which are central members of the Triticeae tribe that provide essential grains for the human diet. Investigation of the genes and alleles that underpin domestication-related traits has provided valuable insights into the molecular regulation of inflorescence development of the Triticeae, and further investigation of modified forms of architecture are proving to be equally *** identified genes are involved in diverse biological processes, including transcriptional regulation, hormone biosynthesis and metabolism, post-transcriptional and post-translational regulation, which alter inflorescence architecture by modifying the development and fertility of lateral organs, called spikelets and florets. Recent advances in sequencing capabilities and the generation of mutant populations are accelerating the identification of genes that influence inflorescence development, which is important given that genetic variation for this trait promises to be a valuable resource for optimizing grain production. This review assesses recent advances in our understanding of the genes controlling inflorescence development in wheat and barley, with the aim of highlighting the importance of improvements in developmental biology for optimizing the agronomic performance of staple crop plants.

关键词： Genetic pathways Modifications architecture

The Efficacy of the Application of Highly Specialised Surface Engineering Methods in the Economy. Case Study.

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材料热处理学报 2004年第5B期25卷 1321-1324页

作者： adam Mazurkiewicz Jerzy Smolik Jan Walkowicz Institute for Terotechnology Pulaskiego 6/10 Radom 26-600 PolandInstitute for Terotechnology Pulaskiego 6/10 Radom 26-600 PolandInstitute for Terotechnology Pulaskiego 6/10 Radom 26-600 Poland

The development of materials technologies, including surface engineering is one of the main trends in the knowledge-based economy. The direct advantages of the application of these technologies are the energy and raw materials saving and the lack of negative influence on the natural environment. The disadvantages are the high equipment and operating costs, the requirement of the highest service qualifications and the necessity to develop specialized technological solutions for different kinds of applications, tools and processes. The potential economic and practical effects are so significant that except for new scientific and technological solutions new innovative organizational solutions are being searched. They should enable an extensive application of innovations in all economy sectors, including SMEs, so the investment possibilities and specialized skills would not constitute decisive limitations. A concept, assumptions, principles of operation and practical implementation of such a model organisational structure - Plasma Technologies Centre of the Institute for Terotechnology (ITeE Radom, Poland) are presented in the article. Development trends directly correlated with the needs of the national market and economy as well as network connections within Framework Programmes of the European Union are depicted. Examples of several highly specialised technological solutions (out of a few dozen solutions implemented in the PTC) and their technological efficacy are described.

关键词：表面工程经营活动经济效益技术功效

Impaired cellulose decomposition in a headwater stream receiving subsurface agricultural drainage

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Ecological Processes 2022年第1期11卷 845-861页

作者： Rebecca Poisson adam G.Yates Department of Geography Western UniversityLondonONCanada Department of Biology University of WaterlooWaterloo University200 University Avenue WestWaterlooON N2L 3G1Canada

Background:Agricultural development of former wetlands has resulted in many headwater streams being sourced by subsurface agricultural drainage *** drainage inputs can significantly influence stream environmental conditions,such as temperature,hydrology,and water chemistry,that drive ecological ***,ecological assessments of subsurface drainage impacts are *** assessed the impact of an agricultural drainage system on cellulose decomposition and benthic respiration using a paired stream study in a headwater branch of Nissouri Creek,in Ontario,*** first order segments sourced by a spring-fed marsh and a cropped field with subsurface drainage,as well as the adjoining trunk segment,were sampled over a year using the cotton strip assay to measure cellulose decomposition and benthic ***:Assessments of cellulose decomposition revealed a one-third reduction in the drainage-sourced segment compared to marsh-sourced *** segment differences in cellulose decomposition were associated with reduced summer temperatures in the drainage-sourced *** of stream cooling from the drainage-sourced segment were transmitted downstream as cellulose decomposition was slower than expected throughout the drainage-sourced segment and for several hundred meters down the adjoining trunk *** respiration only differed between the drainage-and marsh-sourced segments in spring,when stream temperatures were ***:Our findings suggest there may be a widespread reduction in cellulose decomposition in streams across similar agricultural regions where subsurface drainage is ***,cooling of streams receiving significant amounts of water inputs from subsurface drainage systems may impart increased resiliency to future climate warming.

关键词： Stream Agriculture Cotton strip assay Seasonality Organic matter breakdown Benthic respiration

Use of Microwave Radiances from Metop-C and Fengyun-3 C/D Satellites for a Northern European Limited-area Data Assimilation System

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2021年第8期38卷 1415-1428页

作者： Magnus LINDSKOG adam DYBBROE Roger RANDRIAMAMPIANINA Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute Folkborgsvägen 1760361 NorrköpingSweden Norwegian Meteorological Institute Henrik Mohns Plass 10371 OsloNorway

MetCoOp is a Nordic collaboration on operational Numerical Weather Prediction based on a common limited-area km-scale ensemble system. The initial states are produced using a 3-dimensional variational data assimilation scheme utilizing a large amount of observations from conventional in-situ measurements, weather radars, global navigation satellite system, advanced scatterometer data and satellite radiances from various satellite platforms. A version of the forecasting system which is aimed for future operations has been prepared for an enhanced assimilation of microwave radiances. This enhanced data assimilation system will use radiances from the Microwave Humidity Sounder, the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A and the Micro-Wave Humidity Sounder-2 instruments on-board the Metop-C and Fengyun-3 C/D polar orbiting satellites. The implementation process includes channel selection, set-up of an adaptive bias correction procedure, and careful monitoring of data usage and quality control of observations. The benefit of the additional microwave observations in terms of data coverage and impact on analyses, as derived using the degree of freedom of signal approach, is demonstrated. A positive impact on forecast quality is shown, and the effect on the precipitation for a case study is examined. Finally, the role of enhanced data assimilation techniques and adaptions towards nowcasting are discussed.

关键词： data assimilation regional numerical weather prediction microwave radiances

An ultraviolet to visible scheme to estimate chromophoric dissolved organic matter absorption in a Case-2 water from remote sensing reflectance

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2020年第2期14卷 384-400页

作者： Xia LEI Jiayi PAN adam DEVLIN Institute of Space and Earth Information Science The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Geography and Environment Jiangxi Normal UniversityNanchang 330022China

In a typical Case-2 coastal water environment(here,the Pearl River Estuary(PRE),China),chromophoric dissolved organic matter(CDOM)and suspended particulates dominate the water optical properties,and CDOM fluorescence contributes considerably to surface water *** this paper,an ultraviolet(UV)to visible scheme to retrieve CDOM absorption(ag)is developed based on a set of in situ ***,the CDOM UV absorption and spectral slope(Sg)are derived directly from the visible remote sensing reflectance;then the Sg is extrapolated to obtain the spectrum from UV to visible spectral *** algorithm performs well,with an overall mean absolute percent difference(MAPD)of^30%,~5%and^6%for the estimation of ag in 250–450 nm,Sg over 250–400 nm,and 250–700 nm,*** effectiveness and stability of the algorithm is further demonstrated in capturing the distribution pattern of CDOM absorption in the PRE from satellite ocean color imagery with multiple spatial and spectral resolution,namely:the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite(VIIRS)(750 m/Multispectral),the Ocean and Land Color Instrument(OLCI)(300 m/Multispectral),the Hyperspectral Imager for the Coastal Ocean(HICO)(100 m/Hyperspectral),and the Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager(OLI)(30 m/Multispectral).The UV to visible scheme can benefit the CDOM absorption estimation in two aspects:1)it is free from the disturbance of suspended matter;2)it avoids uncertainties caused by the low signalto-noise ratio(SNR)of ag measurements in the visible *** algorithm is effective in revealing multiple scales of variation of CDOM absorption from ocean color observations.

关键词： Chromophoric dissolved organic matter ocean color remote sensing Pearl River Estuary ultraviolet