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Origin and evolution of a new tetraploid mangrove species in an intertidal zone

Plant Diversity 2024年第4期46卷 476-490页

作者： Hui Feng achyut kumar banerjee Wuxia Guo Yang Yuan Fuyuan Duan Wei Lun Ng Xuming Zhao Yuting Liu Chunmei Li Ying Liu Linfeng Li Yelin Huang State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources School of Life SciencesSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275GuangdongChina Department of Bioengineering Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical UniversityZhuhai 519041GuangdongChina China-ASEAN College of Marine Sciences Xiamen University MalaysiaSepang 43900SelangorMalaysia School of Agriculture Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen 518107GuangdongChina School of Ecology Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen 518107GuangdongChina

Polyploidy is a major factor in the evolution of plants,yet we know little about the origin and evolution of polyploidy in intertidal *** study aimed to identify the evolutionary transitions in three truemangrove species of the genus Acanthus distributed in the Indo-West Pacific *** this purpose,we took an integrative approach that combined data on morphology,cytology,climatic niche,phylogeny,and biogeography of 493 samples from 42 geographic *** results show that the Acanthus ilicifolius lineage distributed east of the Thai-Malay Peninsula possesses a tetraploid karyotype,which is morphologically distinct from that of the lineage on the west *** haplotype networks and phylogenetic trees for the chloroplast genome and eight nuclear genes reveal that the tetraploid species has two sub-genomes,one each from *** and ***,the paternal and maternal parents,*** structure analysis also supports the hybrid speciation history of the new tetraploid *** two sub-genomes of the tetraploid species diverged from their diploid progenitors during the *** niche models revealed that the tetraploid species not only occupied the near-entire niche space of the diploids,but also expanded into novel *** findings suggest that *** species distributed on the east side of the Thai-Malay Peninsula should be regarded as a new species,***,which originated from hybridization between *** and ***,followed by chromosome *** is the first report of a true-mangrove allopolyploid species that can reproduce sexually and clonally reproduction,which explains the long-term adaptive potential of the species.

关键词： Acanthus Allopolyploid Biogeography Evolution Hybridization Polyploidy

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Prominent genetic structure across native and introduced ranges of Pluchea indica, a mangrove associate, as revealed by microsatellite markers

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2020年第3期13卷 341-353页

作者： Yuting Lin achyut kumar banerjee Haidan Wu Fengxiao Tan Hui Feng Guangwen Tan Wuxia Guo Yelin Huang State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources School of Life SciencesSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangdong 510275China College of Natural Resources and Environment South China Agricultural UniversityGuangdong 510642China Pubang Landscape Architecture Co.Ltd. Guangdong 510600China South China Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangdong 510650China

Aims Pluchea indica is a mangrove-associate species,known for its medicinal properties in its native range and being invasive in part of its introduced *** study aimed to assess geographic distribution of genetic variation of this species across its distribution range,identify the factors influencing its genetic structure and use this information to suggest conservation and management strategies in its native and introduced ranges,*** We assessed the genetic diversity and population structure of 348 individuals from 31 populations across its native(Asia)and introduced(USA)ranges for 15 nuclear microsatellite *** spatial pattern of genetic variation was investigated at both large and regional spatial scales with the hypothesis that geographic distance and natural geographic barriers would influence the population structure with varying levels of differentiation across spatial *** Findings We found relatively high genetic diversity at the population level and pronounced genetic differentiation in ***,as compared with the genetic diversity parameters of mangroves and mangrove associates in this *** of the populations showed heterozygote deficiency,primarily due to inbreeding and impediment of gene *** of population structures at large spatial scale revealed the presence of two major clusters across the species’natural range separating populations in China from those in Indonesia,Malaysia,Singapore,Thailand,Cambodia and Philippines,and that the USA population might have been introduced from the population cluster in *** differentiation between populations was also observed at the regional scale.A large number of populations showed evidence of genetic bottleneck,thereby emphasizing the risk of local *** on these findings,our study recommends in situ conservation strategies,such as to prioritize populations for conservation actions and to maintain genetic diversity.

关键词： conservation genetic diversity gene flow population structure microsatellite spatial scale

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Do Plants Have a Choice of Traits to Be Modulated? Evidence from an Invasive Plant <i>Mikania micrantha</i>Kunth in Different Urban Environments

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第4期8卷 835-855页

作者： achyut kumar banerjee Swayambhu Ghosh Anjana Dewanji Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit Indian Statistical Institute Kolkata India Soils Department Tocklai Tea Research Institute Assam India

The successful establishment of an invasive plant in a novel environment has been attributed to the phenotypic plasticity of plant traits, with most studies focussing on vegetative trait plasticity in either experimental and/or natural habitat conditions. This study explores the role of phenotypic plasticity, in both vegetative and reproductive traits, of an invasive plant Mikania micrantha growing as a ground cover in diverse urban areas in the city of Kolkata, India. Quadrat based plant and soil sampling was conducted in three habitat types, namely roadsides, natural areas and abandoned plots, from four regions within the city. The above ground biomass and fitness related vegetative and seed traits were estimated from the plant samples whereas soil macro-and micro-nutrients as well as soil health (in terms of organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon) were estimated from the soil samples. Habitat-specific selection of traits in M. micrantha was observed in this study. In roadside population which has more chances of long distance dispersal, the excessive production of reproductive biomass as a compensatory response to the low germination ability of the seeds was evident. In natural areas which are more prone to anthropogenic disturbance and where the plant has greater chances of local spread, modulation of both vegetative (higher SLA) and reproductive traits (lighter seeds with faster germination ability) helped the plant to maintain its population. In abandoned plots where there was more number of associated species, the longer span of germination and increased population height ensured the survivability of M. micrantha in the community. Thus, a continuous monitoring program to check for M. micrantha growth should be prioritized in urban areas due to its immense trait plasticity in different habitat conditions where uncontrolled growth can lead to its establishment and spread, thereby making its control more difficult.

关键词： Phenotypic Plasticity Traits Urbanization Invasive Plant Germination

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Plant endemism in the Nepal Himalayas and phytogeographical implications

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Plant Diversity 2019年第3期41卷 174-182页

作者： achyut Tiwari Yadav Uprety Santosh kumar Rana Department of Botany Tri-Chandra Campus Tribhuvan University Kathmandu Nepal Central Department of Botany Tribhuvan University Kirtipur Kathmandu Nepal Research Centre for Applied Science and Technology Tribhuvan University Kathmandu Nepal IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) Kathmandu Nepal Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650201 Yunnan China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Nepal is located in the central part of the greater Himalayan range with a unique series of mountain chains formed by recent mountain building geological events. As one of the youngest mountains in the world it contributes to diversity of plants and also provided barriers to and corridors through which plants migrated during the ice ages. The higher altitudinal variation with the high mountains, deep river valleys and lowland plains combine with the effects of the summer monsoon and dry winter result with an extraordinary diversity of ecosystems including flora and fauna in a relatively small land area. The existing checklists for Nepal record some 6000 species of flowering plants and about 530 ferns. However, the botanical experts estimate that numbers may go up to 7000 when the poorly known remote regions are fully explored. The information on plant endemism in Nepal Himalaya is not adequately known as Nepal is still struggling to complete long awaited Flora of Nepal project. Endemic species are confined to specific areas and are the first to be affected by land use and other global changes. We sought to explore the spatial distribution of endemic plant species in Nepal in relation to the consequences associated with climatic and geologic changes over time in the region with the help of published literature. It was found that the endemism showed marked spatial variation between open moist habitat and dry inner valleys, the former with higher endemism. The updated records showed 312 flowering plant species to be endemic to Nepal with higher endemism around the elevation of 3800e4200 m at sea level. The recent human population explosion, intensified deforestation, habitat fragmentation and modern day environmental changes are posing greater threats to endemic plant in Nepal. The conservation status and threats to these peculiar species are unknown. Nevertheless, environmental degradation and high poverty rates create a potent mix of threats to biodiversity in this l

关键词： Himalaya Topography Endemism

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Optimization of process for the production of bio-oil from eucalyptus wood

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燃料化学学报 2010年第2期38卷 162-167页

作者： Gaurav kumar achyut K PANDA R K SINGH National Institute of Technology Rourkela Orissa PIN： 769008 India Jagannath Institute for Technology and Management Parlakhemundi Orissa India

The pyrolysis of eucalyptus wood was carried out in a batch reactor to optimize the yield of *** of various parameters like feed(particle) size,temperature,presence of catalyst and heating rate on the yield of bio-oil was *** optimum conditions for high yield of bio-oil are for the particle size 2 mm^5 mm(average l/d=12.84/2.03 mm) at 450 ℃ in high heating *** reaction kinetics and the quality of bio-oil produced are independent of the presence of different catalysts like mordenite,kaoline clay,fly ash and silica *** physical properties like odour,colour,PH,viscosity,heating value were *** FT-IR analysis of bio-oil indicates the presence of different functional groups such as monomeric alcohol,phenol,ketones,aldehydes,carboxylic acid,amines,and nitro *** composition of the bio-oil at different conditions was analyzed using GC-MS and found that the components are temperature dependent but independent of catalysts used.

关键词：热反应晶体结构生物能源

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An Assessment of Yarsagumba(Ophiocordyceps sinensis) Collection in Dhorpatan Hunting Reserve, Nepal

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第2期11卷 555-562页

作者： Barna Bahadur THAPA Saroj PANTHI Rajesh kumar RAI Uttam Babu SHRESTHA achyut ARYAL Sabina SHRESTHA Bhushan SHRESTHA Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation Babar Mahal Dhorpatan Hunting Reserve Baglung Station Green Governance Nepal Department of Biology University of Massachusetts Institute of Natural and Mathematical Sciences Massey University Graduate School of Biotechnology Institute of Life Sciences and Resources Kyung Hee University Green Energy Mission/Nepal Ghatte Kulo Anam Nagar Mushroom Research Division National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science Rural Development Administration

Yarsagumba(Ophiocordyceps sinensis), an endemic species to the Himalayas and Tibetan Plateau, is one of the most valuable medicinal mushrooms in the world. In Nepal, it is distributed largely in isolated patches of alpine grasslands of 3,000-5,000 m elevation. Although it is reported from 27 northernmost districts of Nepal, the local distribution pattern of this species is largely ***, the collection system and local management regime of this species are not well documented. We conducted a field survey at Dhorpatan Hunting Reserve(DHR) among the different stakeholders in January-June 2012 to assess collection sites, patterns and trends and to understand the management regime. We estimated that about 75 kg of Yarsagumba is collected every year from DHR and the amount has been declining since 2008. To manage the resource, locals have initiated regulating the collection by issuing permits, taxing to the collectors, and monitoring the activities of harvesters with the help of park authorities. The revenue generated at local level from the permits has been used for community developmental activities.

关键词： Chinese caterpillar fungus Medicinal fungus Himalayan gold Conservation Yartsagunbu

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