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Adaptation Strategy with Climate Induced Salinity Disaster in the Coastal Area of Bangladesh

American Journal of Climate Change 2022年第4期11卷 284-306页

作者： Md. Oliur rahman abul kalam mohammed azad rahman Office of The Deputy Commissioner Gaibandha Bangladesh UNDP Dhaka Bangladesh

This study examined explanatory responses to saline-water intrusion in the coastal areas of Bangladesh which are renowned for providing ecological and livelihood services. The goal of this study is to look at the different adaption strategies which coastal people have been using to deal with the growing salty water incursion. To this end, the researchers conducted a survey on 100 (one hundred) coastal people (Female 37% & Male 63%) chosen at a random basis from two unions (the lowest tier of local government) namely Perikhali union of Rampal upazila under Bagerhat district and Banishanta union of Dacope upazila under Khulna District at the southwest coast of Bangladesh. Agriculture (30%) and fisheries (27%) were the main livelihoods of the respondents. While looking at their existing problems due to salinity, it is seen that around 65% people are to move 3 - 5 (three to five) kilometres to get water access, low yield from agriculture (47%) and conversion of agricultural land (25%), acute crisis of grazing land (50%), damaged housing of cattle (30%) and fisheries (92%) are being affected due to salinity. Along with the impact, locals also have adaptation like seasonal water storage (31%), desalination (30%) and rainwater harvesting (26%) for water related impact. For agriculture, farmers are rotating crops (32%), cultivating saline tolerant varieties and others have switched from rice cultivation to other crops (30%) and cultivating saline tolerant variety (32%). In livestock, farmers are using better management practices (39%) followed by complete shift of livestock rearing (20%) to other businesses. Shifting from freshwater fish to marine water fish and crab/prawn cultivation (38%) found the most adaptation practices by the communities. For long term resilience to salinity induced disaster, collection of safe water (93%), quality seed (57%), disease control (47%) in livestock and quality hatchlings are the main barriers identified by the communities. For strengthen

关键词： Adaptation Climate Change Salinity

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Application of a distributed verification in Islamic microfinance institutions:a sustainable model

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Financial Innovation 2022年第1期8卷 2196-2207页

作者： Peter Wanke M.Kabir Hassan Md.abul kalam azad Md.Azizur rahman Naznin Akther COPPEAD Graduate Business School Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRua Paschoal Lemme355Rio de Janeiro 21949-900Brazil Department of Economics and Finance University of New OrleansNew OrleansLA 70148USA Department of Business and Technology Management Islamic University of TechnologyGazipur 1704Bangladesh Department of Business Administration Faculty of Business&EntrepreneurshipDaffodil International UniversityDhakaBangladesh

The literature gap in microfinance paradox of double bottom line(financial performance ***)has always been an interesting area of *** paper proposes a theoretical model most suitable for Islamic Microfinance Institutions(MFIs)which enables Islamic MFIs’to operate together with the existing financial models compliant with Islamic Shariah *** model is based on a distributed verification/decision-making process that might be realized(but not necessary)through *** the available distributed verification techniques,blockchain technology is an attractive emerging computing paradigm due to its decentralized,immutable,shared,and secure data structure *** model proposes three significant ***,sharing information through blockchain will allow a transparent network in MFI operations,which will raise confidence for donors resulting in a causal effect of a relatively lower profit rate to be charged by the ***,the consensus mechanism will enable risk-sharing,a character of Islamic finance;thus,the MFIs will operate without any collateral for low-risk ***,the double bottom line of MFIs’long-lasting paradox would be *** for practical implication of this proposed model,the causal impact of lower cost investment by the lenders would increase social welfare because of no collateral and no initial wealth *** proposed model proposes a credit rationing approach where profit can be *** collateral will be used when calculating the creditworthiness of a borrower.

关键词： Blockchain Islamic microfinance Double bottom line Distributed verification

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Eco-Friendly Pest Control in Cucumber (<i>Cucumis sativa</i>L.) Field with Botanical Pesticides

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Natural Resources 2013年第5期4卷 404-409页

作者： abul kalam azad Arif Sardar Nilufa Yesmin Mizanur rahman Saiful Islam Department of Crop Science and Technology University of Rajshahi Rajshahi Bangladesh Institute of Environmental Science University of Rajshahi Rajshahi Bangladesh

A field experiment on eco-friendly pest control in cucumber (Cucumis sativa L.) field was conducted at Rajshahi University during April, 2011 to June, 2011 with eight botanical pesticides prepared from the leaves and seeds of Bangladeshi plants. These botanicals are mahogany seeds, (Swietenia mahagoni), chirata leaves (Swertia chirata), jute seeds (Corchorus olitorius L.), garlic (Allium sativum L.), marigold leaves (Tagetes erecta) and carrot leaves (Daucus carota). One control treatment without botanicals was maintained during this experiment where only water was sprayed. Out of these botanicals, a less number of insect attacks on cucumber leaves (1.33 ± 0.19) were found in combined treatment of mahogany and chirata whereas a high number of insect attacks were observed in combined treatment of garlic and jute seed (5.89 ± 0.40) and control (4.66 ± 0.33). Individual application of chirata extract also showed good protection of cucumber leaves (1.67 ± 0.19) from insect attack. A smaller number of leaves perforations were found in the combined treatment of mahogany and chirata (3.44 ± 0.29) compared to control (14.22 ± 1.05). Chirata extract also showed good performance (4.00 ± 0.19) against leaves perforation of insect. Besides the pest control, botanical pesticides also have enormous effect on plant growth. The tallest cucumber plant was observed in the combined treatment of mahogany and chirata (469.00 ± 63.51 cm) and shortest in garlic treatment (84.56 ± 15.24 cm). The cucumber production was also high in combined treatment of mahogany and chirata (1863.33 ± 196.32 g) compared to control (1260.00 ± 501.63 g). From this study, it is found that combined application of mahogany and chirata extract not only showed good protection of cucumber plant from insect attack but also increased the cucumber production. Therefore, we conclude that farmers should use botanical pesticides from mahogany seeds and chirata leaves instead of toxic chemical insecticides for controllin

关键词： Cucumber Chirata Mahogany Extract Eco-Friendly

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In vivo anticancer activity of vanillin semicarbazone

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第6期2卷 438-442页

作者： Shaikh M Mohsin Ali M abul kalam azad Mele Jesmin Shamim Ahsan M Mijanur rahman Jahan Ara Khanam M Nazrul Islam Sha M Shahan Shahriar Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering University of Rajshahi Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Rajshahi Department of Chemistry University of Chittagong Department of Food Science & Technology Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Science University

Objective:To evaluate the anticancer activity of vanillin semicarbazone(VSC) against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma(EAC) cells in Swiss albino ***:The compound VSC at three doses(5, 7.5 and 10 mg/kg i.p.) was administered into the intraperitoneal cavity of the EAC inoculated mice to observe its efficiency by studying the cell growth inhibition, reduction of tumour weight,enhancement of survival time as well as the changes in depleted hematological parameters. Allsuch parameters were also studied with a known standard drug bleomycin at the dose of 0.3 mg/kg(i.p.).Results:Among the doses studied, 10 mg/kg(i.p.) was found to be quite comparable in potency to that of bleomycin at the dose of 0.3 mg/kg(i.p.). The host toxic effects of VSC was found to be ***:It can be concluded that VSC can therefore be considered as potent anticancer agent.

关键词： Anticancer activity Ehrlich ascites carcinoma Schiffbase

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Financial Analysis of Keora (Sonneratia apetala) Plantations in Bangladesh

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Open Journal of Statistics 2012年第1期2卷 124-130页

作者： S. S. Islam abul kalam azad Jonaed Kabir mohammed Abu Taher Hossain 不详

An attempt has been taken to compare economic performance of different ages of keora (Sonneratia apetala) Plantations in coastal zone in this paper. The main objective was to find out financial rotation and profitability of keora plantation. The existing market price of round wood per cubic meter and fuel wood per ton were found to be Tk. 2650 to Tk. 3530 and Tk. 670 to Tk. 940 respectively near plantation area in 2003. The harvesting and processing costs were estimated as 20% and 10% of the standing value of the trees. The value of IRR and other economic determinants for timber were varied among Coastal Afforestation Divisions mainly due to different rates of siltation, salinity and other factors involved on the forest floor in coastal zone. However, applying the economic determinants throughout coastal zone, financially remarkable rotation age for timber was found to be within 14th to 16th year of plantation and rotation age forfuel wood as 9th year of plantation. Applying the same economic determinants keora plantation was also found as profitable in coastal zone in Bangladesh.

关键词： Keora Plantation Determinants Profitable

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太阳能集热器强化传热技术的局限性与挑战

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Journal of Central South University 2023年第11期30卷 3538-3574页

作者： Lukman Ahmed OMEIZA Muhammad ABID Yathavan SUBRAMANIAN Anitha DHANASEKARAN MdMosfiqur rahman Saifullah Abu BAKAR Kateryna KOZAK Ukashat MAMUDU abul kalam azad Faculty of Integrated Technologies Universiti Brunei DarussalamJalan Tungku LinkGadong BE1410Brunei Darussalam Department of Electrical Engineering Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University56Ruska Street46001 TernopilUkraine Centre for Advance Material and Energy Science Universiti Brunei DarussalamJalan Tungku LinkGadong BE1410Brunei Darussalam

目前,太阳能集热器在可再生能源领域发挥着至关重要的作用,这在核心能源专家和研究界得到了广泛的认可。由于这种太阳能收集技术的高能量转换率,迫切需要评价方法,以期改善传热过程。前期研究人员主要致力于工作流体的增强上,而忽略了... 详细信息

目前,太阳能集热器在可再生能源领域发挥着至关重要的作用,这在核心能源专家和研究界得到了广泛的认可。由于这种太阳能收集技术的高能量转换率,迫切需要评价方法,以期改善传热过程。前期研究人员主要致力于工作流体的增强上,而忽略了其他同样有助于增强太阳能集热器传热过程的技术,这使得其他方向的研究逐渐过时了。本研究的主要目的是提供最新的进展和方法,以加强太阳能集热器的传热过程的最新概述。研究了传统技术和创新技术,探讨了它们在提高热性能和整体系统效率方面的有效性。对太阳能集热器强化传热技术的最新研究进行了全面的文献综述。确定了主要挑战、知识差距和局限性,并推荐了潜在的未来研究方案。这篇全面的综述将作为研究人员和主要能源参与者的指南,为太阳能集热器领域提供参考的研究方向。

关键词：太阳能集热器增强技术热效率纳米流体蓄热器

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Assessment of Spatio-Temporal Variations in Water Quality of Shailmari River, Khulna (Bangladesh) Using Multivariate Statistical Techniques

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2017年第1期5卷 1-26页

作者： Md. Muhyminul Islam Olaf K. Lenz abul kalam azad Mosummath Hosna Ara Masudur rahman Nazia Hassan Tropical Hydrogeology and Environmental Engineering TU Darmstadt Schnittspahnstrasse Germany Institut für Angewandte Geowissenschaften Angewandte Sedimentgeologie TU Darmstadt Schnittspahnstrasse Germany Environmental Science Discipline Khulna University Khulna Bangladesh Chemistry Discipline Khulna University Khulna Bangladesh

Surface water has become one of the most vulnerable resources on the earth due to deterioration of its quality from diverse sources of pollution. Understanding of the spatiotemporal distribution of pollutants and identification of the sources in the river systems is a prerequisite for the protection and sustainable utilization of the water resources. Multivariate statistical techniques such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Factor Analysis (FA) were applied in this study to investigate the temporal and spatial variations of water quality and appoint the major factors of pollution in the Shailmari River system. Water quality data for 14 physicochemical parameters from 11 monitoring sites over the year of 2014 in three sampling seasons were collected and analyzed for this study. Kruskal-Wallis test showed significant (p < 0.01) temporal and spatial variations in all of the water quality parameters of the river water. Principal component analysis (PCA) allowed extracting the contributing parameters affecting the seasonal water quality in the river system. Scatter plots of the PCs showed the tidal and spatial variation within river system and identified parameters controlling the behavior in each case. Factor analysis (FA) further reduced the data and extracted factors which are significantly responsible for water quality variation in the river. The results indicate that the parameters controlling the water quality in different seasons are related with salinity, anthropogenic pollution (sewage disposal, effluents) and agricultural runoff in pre-monsoon;precipitation induced surface runoff in monsoon;and erosion, oxidation or organic pollution (point and non-point sources) in post-monsoon. Therefore, the study reveals the applicability and usefulness of the multivariate statistical methods in assessing water quality of river by identifying the potential environmental factors controlling the water quality in different seasons which might help to better understand,

关键词： Water Quality Variation Wastewater Multivariate Statistical Analysis Monsoon Bangladesh

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Environmental Study on a Coastal River of Bangladesh with Reference to Irrigation Water Quality Assessment: A Case Study on Shailmari River, Khulna

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2016年第10期4卷 41-64页

作者： Md. Muhyminul Islam abul kalam azad Mosummath Hosna Ara Masudur rahman Nazia Hassan Sadhon Chandra Swarnokar Israth Rabeya Tropical Hydrogeology and Environmental Engineering (TropHEE) Technische Universitaet Darmstadt Darmstadt Germany Environmental Science Discipline Khulna University Khulna Bangladesh Chemistry Discipline Khulna University Khulna Bangladesh

Water quality is the critical environmental determinant that influences the agricultural production and therefore, the economy that solely depends on its agricultural productions. Batiaghata Upazilla is one of the major crop productive areas of Khulna region and the agricultural production here largely depends on the natural water of the Shailmari River system around it. The present study was conducted to assess the suitability of this coastal river water for irrigational use. 66 water samples were collected during this study in three consecutive agricultural seasons, viz., pre-monsoon (22), monsoon (22) and post-monsoon (22) from 11 sampling stations within the river system considering the high (11) and ebb (11) tides for each station. Standard methods were followed throughout the study period for the collection of the samples and analysis of major physicochemical parameters (pH, EC, TDS, salinity, Na, K, Ca, Mg, Cl, HCO3, SO4, NO3 and PO4). Hydrocehmical characterization using Piper trilinear diagram shows that the water of the river system is Na-Cl dominated saline water type in pre-monsoon, whilst most of the samples of the river and the connected channel are characterized as fresh water of Ca-Mg-Na-HCO3 and Ca-Na-Mg-HCO3 types in monsoon and post-monsoon respectively. The calculated values of chemical indices like SAR, %Na, KI, PI and MH using the results of the analysed parameters indicate that the river water is chemically unsuitable for use in irrigation during pre-monsoon, while in the monsoon and post-monsoon the river water is within good to permissible limit for the use in the agricultural fields. However, high %Na, KI and MH values with high salinity of the channel water limit its use in agricultural applications in monsoon and post-monsoon. The USSL (United States Salinity Laboratory) diagram depicts that the river water is C4-S4 type with very high salinity and sodium content in pre-mon

关键词： Coastal River Irrigation Suitability Salinity SAR % Na FAO Piper USSL Shailmari Khulna

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A multi-purpose National Forest Inventory in Bangladesh:design,operationalisation and key results

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Forest Ecosystems 2021年第1期8卷 151-172页

作者： Matieu Henry Zaheer Iqbal Kristofer Johnson Mariam Akhter Liam Costello Charles Scott Rashed Jalal Md.Akhter Hossain Nikhil Chakma Olaf Kuegler Hossain Mahmood Rajib Mahamud Mohammad Raqibul Hasan Siddique Khaled Misbahuzzaman Mohammad Main Uddin mohammed Al Amin Farid Uddin Ahmed Gael Sola Md.Baktiar Siddiqui Luca Birigazzi Mahmudur rahman Ilias Animon Saimunnahar Ritu Laskar Muqsudur rahman Aminul Islam Heather Hayden Frida Sidik Mondal Falgoonee Kumar Rakibul Hassan Mukul Hossain Nishad Ariful Hoque Belal Asif Reza Anik Abdul Khaleque Md.Shaheduzzaman Syed Shahadat Hossain Tariq Aziz Md.Tauhidor Rahaman Ruhul Mohaiman Patrick Meyer Purnata Chakma A.Z.M.Manzoor Rashid Sourav Das Shrabanti Hira mohammed Jashimuddin Mohammad Mahfuzur rahman Karl Wurster Sarder Nasir Uddin abul kalam azad S.M.Zahirul Islam Laurent Saint-André Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Viale delle Terme di Caracalla00153 RomeItaly Forest Department Ministry of EnvironmentForests and Climate ChangeBan BhabanShere Bangla NagarAgargaonDhaka 1207Bangladesh School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences University of MelbourneParkville VictoriaMelbourne 3010Australia United States Forest Service(USFS)/SilvaCarbon WashingtonD.CUSA Institute of Forestry and Environmental Sciences(IFES) University of ChittagongChattogramBangladesh Department of Forestry and Environmental Science Rangamati Science and Technology UniversityRangamatiBangladesh Forestry and Wood Technology Discipline Khulna UniversityKhulnaBangladesh School of Biological Sciences The University of QueenslandQLDBrisbane 4072Australia Arannyak Foundation DhakaBangladesh United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC) BonnGermany Bangladesh Space Research and Remote Sensing Organization(SPARRSO) DhakaBangladesh Institute for Marine Research and Observation Ministry of Marine Affairs and FisheriesNegaraBaliIndonesia Department of Agricultural Economics Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University(BSMRAU)GazipurBangladesh Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics(BBS) DhakaBangladesh Institute of Statistical Research and Training University of DhakaDhakaBangladesh United States Agency for International Development(USAID) DhakaBangladesh Department of Forestry and Environmental Science Shahjalal University of Science and TechnologyKumargaonSylhetBangladesh Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of Science and EngineeringMacquarie UniversitySydneyAustralia Bangladesh National Herbarium(BNH) Zoo RoadMirpurDhakaBangladesh Bangladesh Forest Research Institute(BFRI) SholoshaharChottogramBangladesh National Research Institute for Agriculture Food and Environment(INRAE)ParisFrance

Background:National forest inventory and forest monitoring systems are more important than ever considering continued global degradation of trees and *** systems are especially important in a country like Bangladesh,which is characterised by a large population density,climate change vulnerability and dependence on natural *** the aim of supporting the Government’s actions towards sustainable forest management through reliable information,the Bangladesh Forest Inventory(BFI)was designed and implemented through three components:biophysical inventory,socio-economic survey and remote sensing-based land cover *** article documents the approach undertaken by the Forest Department under the Ministry of Environment,Forests and Climate Change to establish the BFI as a multipurpose,efficient,accurate and replicable national forest *** design,operationalization and some key results of the process are ***:The BFI takes advantage of the latest and most well-accepted technological and methodological ***,it was designed through a collaborative process which drew from the experience and knowledge of multiple national and international ***,1781 field plots were visited,6400 households were surveyed,and a national land cover map for the year 2015 was *** technological enhancements include a semi-automated segmentation approach for developing the wall-to-wall land cover map,an object-based national land characterisation system,consistent estimates between sample-based and mapped land cover areas,use of mobile apps for tree species identification and data collection,and use of differential global positioning system for referencing plot ***:Seven criteria,and multiple associated indicators,were developed for monitoring progress towards sustainable forest management goals,informing management decisions,and national and international reporting needs.A wide range of biophysica

关键词： South-Asia Forest monitoring Innovation Remote sensing Socio-economic Partnership Ecosystem services Carbon sequestration

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A Review of the Study on the Electromigration and Power Electronics

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Journal of Electronics Cooling and Thermal Control 2016年第1期6卷 19-31页

作者： Md. Khalilur rahman abul Monsur mohammed Musa Budrun Neher Kawchar Ahmed Patwary Mohammad Atiqur rahman Md. Shariful Islam Department of Physics Comilla University Comilla Bangladesh Department of Physics University of Chittagong Chittagong Bangladesh Department of Chemistry Comilla University Comilla Bangladesh Department of ICT Comilla University Comilla Bangladesh

Electromigration is a main challenge in the pursuit of power electronics, because physical limit to increase current density in power electronics is electromigration (EM), whereas much higher electrical current and voltage are required for power electronics packaging. So the effect of EM is an important issue in applications where high current densities are used, such as in microelectronics and related structures (e.g., Power ICs). Since the structure size of integrated circuits (ICs) decreases and the practical significance of this effect increases, the result is EM failure. On the other hand, in the next generation power electronics technology electrical current density is expected to exceed 107 A/cm2 which is another challenge. This review work has been carried out to identify the mechanism of EM damage in power electronics (e.g., pure metallization and solder joints) and also how to control this kind of damage.

关键词： Voids and Hillocks Interconnect Solder Joint Thermomigration MTF Reliability of IC

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