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A Study of Noun Phrase Focus in Fulfulde: The Case Study of Adamawa Dialect

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Language and Semiotic Studies 2019年第2期5卷 76-100页

作者： Idris Muhammad Bello adamu abubakar Muhammad Bashir Usman Akisani Y.Samaila University of Maiduguri

Focus constructions are syntactically rich aspects of Fulfulde grammar. This paper aims at investigating the nature of noun phrase(NP) focus in Fulfulde with particular reference to Adamawa dialect. The study employed two methodological techniques for data collection: observation and oral interview. These techniques were used in collecting data from different categories of native speakers. The Principles and Parameters theory was adopted as the theoretical framework for data analysis in the study. The study shows that noun phrase NP focus in Adamawa dialect of Fulfulde involves movement of the focused element which is accompanied with a focus marker(FM). The study has identified five different FMs that are commonly used in the dialect depending on the semantic requirement. They are: on, ni, faa, dey and tan.

关键词： Adamawa dialect Fulfulde focus markers noun phrase focus principles and parameters theory

Occurrence of Fluoride in the Groundwater of Kaltungo Area and Environs, North Eastern Nigeria

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2019年第8期7卷 167-179页

作者： Shehu Mukkafa Jackson Makpane Ishaku Ibrahim Abdulkarim Kwami Ahmed Buba Seli Usman adamu abubakar Abdulwahab Mohammed Bello Usman abubakar Musa Usman Bappa Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology Federal University Dutse Dutse Nigeria Department of Geology School of Physical Science Modibbo Adama University of Technology Yola Nigeria Geology Department Gombe State University Gombe Nigeria Departmentof Civil Engineering Adamawa State Polytechnic Yola Nigeria Departmentof Chemistry Gombe State University Gombe Nigeria

The aim of the study is to assess the occurrence of fluoride in the groundwater of Kaltungo area and environs. Consumption of high fluoride waters clearly manifests in the majority inhabitant of the area in form of dental fluorosis especially in the majority of the populace. Thirty groundwater samples were collected from hand-dug wells and boreholes using standard method and were analyzed to determine the fluoride level. The results revealed that the Fluoride in the waters ranges from 0.8 to 1.94 mg/l with a mean value of 1.65 mg/l. No clear variations in fluoride content have been observed in both the borehole samples and those from the hand-dug wells. Ca-Mg-HCO3 and Ca-Mg-Cl are the two major water types obtained in the area, which have a good association with fluoride. Negative correlation is observed between fluoride and temperature, fluoride and magnesium, fluoride and potassium and poor correlation is observed between fluoride and chloride, fluoride and nitrate, fluoride and phosphates which rules out the possibility of anthropogenic source of the fluoride in the waters. Positive correlation between fluoride and iron, indicates that the presence of fluoride in the water is as a result of dissolution of biotite within the host rock (Basalt).

关键词： Anthropogenic Correlation Fluoride Kaltungo

Trends in Event Understanding and Caption Generation/Reconstruction in Dense Video:A Review

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 2941-2965页

作者： Ekanayake Mudiyanselage Chulabhaya Lankanatha Ekanayake abubakar Sulaiman Gezawa Yunqi Lei Department of Computer Science Xiamen UniversityXiamen361005China Main Library Wayamba University of Sri LankaKuliyapitiya60200Sri Lanka School of Information Engineering Sanming UniversitySanming365004China

Video description generates natural language sentences that describe the subject,verb,and objects of the targeted *** video description has been used to help visually impaired people to understand the *** is also playing an essential role in devolving human-robot *** dense video description is more difficult when compared with simple Video captioning because of the object’s interactions and event *** learning is changing the shape of computer vision(CV)technologies and natural language processing(NLP).There are hundreds of deep learning models,datasets,and evaluations that can improve the gaps in current *** article filled this gap by evaluating some state-of-the-art approaches,especially focusing on deep learning and machine learning for video caption in a dense *** this article,some classic techniques concerning the existing machine learning were *** provides deep learning models,a detail of benchmark datasets with their respective *** paper reviews various evaluation metrics,including Bilingual EvaluationUnderstudy(BLEU),Metric for Evaluation of Translation with Explicit Ordering(METEOR),WordMover’s Distance(WMD),and Recall-Oriented Understudy for Gisting Evaluation(ROUGE)with their pros and ***,this article listed some future directions and proposed work for context enhancement using key scene extraction with object detection in a particular ***,how to improve the context of video description by analyzing key frames detection through morphological image ***,the paper discusses a novel approach involving sentence reconstruction and context improvement through key frame object detection,which incorporates the fusion of large languagemodels for refining *** ultimate results arise fromenhancing the generated text of the proposedmodel by improving the predicted text and isolating objects using various *** keyframes identify dense ev

关键词： Video description video to text video caption sentence reconstruction

Ethmoidal Polyposis, Adenoid Hypertrophy and Tympanic Membrane Perforation—A Case Report

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2024年第3期13卷 178-186页

作者： Ahmad Mahmud Mohammed Bello Fufore abubakar Umar Hamisu Abdullahi Thomas Musa Samdi Auwal adamu Onyekwere George B. Nwaorgu Department of Otorhinolaryngology Modibbo Adama University/Modibbo Adama University Teaching Hospital Yola Nigeria Department of Otorhinolaryngology Bayero University/Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital Kano Nigeria National Ear Care Centre (NECC) Kaduna Nigeria Department of ENT Abubakar Tafawa Balewa Teaching Hospital Bauchi Nigeria Department of ENT Federal University of Health Sciences Azare Bauchi Nigeria Department of Otorhinolaryngology University College Hospital Ibadan/College of Medicine University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria

Background: Ethmoidal polyposis coexisting with adenoid enlargement and tympanic membrane perforation is a rare condition in otolaryngological practice. Evidences have shown that antrochoanal polyp often times coexists with adenoid enlargement especially in the young which was in sharp contrast to ethmoidal polyposis occurring in the presence of adenoid enlargement. Moreover, the hidden location of nasopharynx housing the adenoids, coupled with the masking effect of bilateral sinonasal polyps, leads to inadvertent misdiagnosis of this complex pathology with subsequent difficulty in providing effective management. Case Presentation: A 24 year-old lady presented with recurrent bilateral nasal obstruction that became persistent associated with nasal discharge and anosmia. She also had recurrent right otorrhoea with associated hearing loss. Diagnostic rigid nasal endoscopy revealed mucoid discharge with bilateral polypoid masses filling both nasal cavities. Otoendoscopic finding revealed a small (about 5%) central tympanic membrane perforation. A clinical assessment of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis complicated by chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) was made. A non-contrast CT scan of the paranasal sinuses showed isodense lesions in the nasal cavities, all paranasal sinuses and the entire nasopharynx. She had endoscopic sinus surgery and a nasopharyngeal clearance biopsy. The nasal, paranasal and nasopharyngeal masses had histologic confirmation of inflammatory nasal polyps and lymphoid (adenoid) hyperplasia respectively. Her condition improved remarkably with subsequent medical treatment. She was followed up for 8 months and no recurrence was observed. Conclusion: Sinonasal polyposis can coexist with adenoid hypertrophy and middle ear disease as a single pathological condition. Hence, a high index of suspicion and thorough evaluation become necessary for making timely diagnoses and instituting effective management.

关键词： Sino-Nasal Polyps Adenoid Enlargement Rhinosinusitis Otitis Media Endoscopic Sinus Surgery

Pro-fertility effect of Ficus carica fruit extract in streptozotocin-induced male rats

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2024年第1期13卷 34-41页

作者： Mat Noor Mahanem Subramaniam Puvaratnesh abubakar Umarqayum Shamsusah Nadia A Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 BangiSelangorMalaysia Institute of Biological Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Earth Sciences and Environment Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaBangi 43600Malaysia

Objective:To explore the impact of Ficus carica fruit aqueous extract on fertility parameters in streptozotocin(STZ)-induced male ***:Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four different *** groups except a normal control group were induced with 50 mg/kg of streptozotocin(STZ)intravenously to induce diabetes.A positive control group was treated with an antidiabetic drug,metformin(500 mg/kg)whereas a negative control group remained untreated throughout the ***,another diabetic rat group received treatment with 400 mg/kg of aqueous Ficus carica fruit *** in the treatment group were administered Ficus carica fruit aqueous extract daily through forcefeeding via oral gavage for a 21-day *** included the sperm quality(count,motility and morphology),histology of the testes,serum testosterone and fasting blood glucose(FBG)***:The FBG level of the Ficus carica-treated rats exhibited a significant decrease compared to the negative control group(P<0.05).Sperm quality analysis also indicated that the aqueous Ficus carica extract had significant positive effects on sperm count and motility(P<0.05).The histology of the testes in Ficus caricatreated rats revealed an improved cell arrangement in the germinal cell ***,serum testosterone level showed an increment in the Ficus carica treatment group in comparison to the negative control ***:Our findings provide compelling evidence for the profertility and anti-hyperglycemic properties of aqueous Ficus carica fruit extract in diabetic-induced male rats.

关键词： Ficus carica fruit Male fertility parameter Diabetes mellitus Anti-hyperglicemic

Effective approach for conformal subarray design based on maximum entropy of planar mappings

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Journal of Electronic Science and Technology 2024年第3期22卷 16-25页

作者： Xiao-Dong Zheng Sheng-Teng Shi Jun Ou-Yang Feng Yang Qammer Abbasi abubakar Sharif School of Electronic Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu611731China School of Engineering University of GlasgowScotlandG128QQUK

In this paper,an effective algorithm for optimizing the subarray of conformal arrays is *** method first divides theconformal array into several first-level *** uses the X algorithm to solve the feasible solution of first-level subarray tiling and employs the particle swarm algorithm to optimize the conformal array subarray tiling scheme with the maximum entropy of the planar mapping as the fitness ***,convex optimization is applied to optimize the subarray amplitude *** results verify that the method can effectively find the optimal conformal array tiling scheme.

关键词： Conformal array Irregular arrays Particle swarm optimal algorithm Maximum entropy model

Exploring the Pivotal Association of AI in Cancer Stem Cells Detection and Treatment

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Proceedings of Anticancer Research 2024年第5期8卷 52-63页

作者： Muhammad abubakar Department of Biosciences COMSATS University IslamabadPark RdIslamabad Capital Territory 45550Pakistan

Cancer stem cells(CSCs),or tumor-initiating cells(TICs),are cancerous cell subpopulations that remain while tumor cells propagate as a unique subset and exhibit multiple applications in several *** are responsible for cancer cell initiation,development,metastasis,proliferation,and recurrence due to their self-renewal and differentiation abilities in many kinds of *** intelligence(AI)has gained significant attention because of its vast applications in various fields including agriculture,healthcare,transportation,and robotics,particularly in detecting human diseases such as *** division and metastasis of cancerous cells are not easy to identify at early stages due to their uncontrolled *** has provided some real-time pictures of cancer progression and *** purpose of this review paper is to explore new investigations into the role of AI in cancer stem cell progression and metastasis and in regenerative *** describes the association of machine learning and AI with CSCs along with its numerous applications from cancer diagnosis to *** review has also provided key challenges and future directions of AI in cancer stem cell research diagnosis and therapeutic approach.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Cancer Cancer stem cells Health

Roles of Mutant TP53 Gene in Cancer Development and Progression

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Proceedings of Anticancer Research 2024年第5期8卷 165-181页

作者： Muhammad abubakar Baqaur Rehman Department of Biosciences COMSATS University IslamabadIslamabad Capital Territory 45550Pakistan

TP53 is a tumor suppressor gene that is mutated in most cancer types and has been extensively studied in cancer research.p53 plays a critical role in regulating the expression of target genes and is involved in key processes such as apoptosis,cell cycle regulation,and genomic stability,earning it the title“guardian of the genome.”Numerous studies have demonstrated p53’s influence on and regulation of autophagy,ferroptosis,the tumor microenvironment,and cell metabolism,all of which contribute to tumor *** in p53,specifically mutant p53(mutp53),not only impair its tumor-suppressing functions but also enhance oncogenic *** data indicate that mutp53 is strongly associated with poor prognosis and advanced cancers,making it an ideal target for the development of novel cancer *** review summarizes the post-translational modifications of p53,the mechanisms of mutp53 accumulation,and its gain-of-function,based on previous ***,this review discusses its impact on metabolic homeostasis,ferroptosis,genomic instability,the tumor microenvironment,and cancer stem cells,and highlights recent advancements in mutp53 research.

关键词： p53 Cancer Mutant p53(mutp53) Progression Treatment

Predictive modelling of volumetric and Marshall properties of asphalt mixtures modified with waste tire-derived char:A statistical neural

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Journal of Road Engineering 2024年第3期4卷 318-333页

作者： Nura Shehu Aliyu Yaro Muslich Hartadi Sutanto Noor Zainab Habib Aliyu Usman Abiola Adebanjo Surajo abubakar Wada Ahmad Hussaini Jagaba Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Universiti Teknologi PETRONASSeri Iskandar 32610Malaysia Department of Civil Engineering Ahmadu Bello UniversityZaria 810107Nigeria Institute of Infrastructure and Environment Heriot-Watt UniversityDubai 294345United Arab Emirates School of Civil Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410075China Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Membranes and Water Security King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran 31261Saudi Arabia

The goals of this study are to assess the viability of waste tire-derived char(WTDC)as a sustainable,low-cost fine aggregate surrogate material for asphalt mixtures and to develop the statistically coupled neural network(SCNN)model for predicting volumetric and Marshall properties of asphalt mixtures modified with *** study is based on experimental data acquired from laboratory volumetric and Marshall properties testing on WTDCmodified asphalt mixtures(WTDC-MAM).The input variables comprised waste tire char content and asphalt binder *** output variables comprised mixture unit weight,total voids,voids filled with asphalt,Marshall stability,and *** coupled neural networks were utilized to predict the volumetric and Marshall properties of asphalt *** predictive modeling,the SCNN model is employed,incorporating a three-layer neural network and preprocessing techniques to enhance accuracy and *** optimal network architecture,using the collected dataset,was a 2:6:5 structure,and the neural network was trained with 60%of the data,whereas the other 20%was used for cross-validation and testing *** network employed a hyperbolic tangent(tanh)activation function and a feed-forward *** to the results,the network model could accurately predict the volumetric and Marshall *** predicted accuracy of SCNN was found to be as high value>98%and low prediction errors for both volumetric and Marshall *** study demonstrates WTDC's potential as a low-cost,sustainable aggregate *** SCNN-based predictive model proves its efficiency and versatility and promotes sustainable practices.

关键词： Waste tire Neural network Sustainable practices Asphalt mixtures Predictive model