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国外油田工程 2001年第10期17卷 35-36页

作者： im j.A.M.Swinkels Rik j.j. Drenth 王艳丽大港油田集团钻采工艺研究院

分析模型不足以模拟天然气水合物储藏的开发。模型选用常规三维热油藏模拟软件模拟水合物顶气藏和天然气水合物的开发。该模型包括水合物相特性、热流和储层压实。应用油藏模拟软件可以进行实验数据的拟合、计算井的产能及评价开发方案。

关键词：油气藏开采天然气水合物油藏模拟模型产能

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开采天然气水合物的油藏模拟

石油石化节能与计量 2001年第10期 35-36页

作者： im j.A.M.Swinkels ,Rik j.j. Drenth ,王艳丽大港油田集团钻采工艺研究院

分析模型不足以模拟天然气水合物储藏的开发。模型选用常规三维热油藏模拟软件模拟水合物顶气藏和天然气水合物的开发。该模型包括水合物相特性、热流和储层压实。应用油藏模拟软件可以进行实验数据的拟合、计算井的产能及评价开发方案... 详细信息

分析模型不足以模拟天然气水合物储藏的开发。模型选用常规三维热油藏模拟软件模拟水合物顶气藏和天然气水合物的开发。该模型包括水合物相特性、热流和储层压实。应用油藏模拟软件可以进行实验数据的拟合、计算井的产能及评价开发方案。此外还可检验固态水合物层的开发方案

关键词：油气藏开采天然气水合物模拟模型产能

Advances and applications in spatial transcriptomics

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journal of Molecular Science 2024年第2期40卷 95-106页

作者： Sun Y. Yu N. Zhang j. State Key Laboratory of Supermolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun 130012 China

Spatial transcriptomics is an organizational study done on tissue sections that preserves the spatial information of the sample. Spatial transcriptomics aims to combine spatial information with gene expression data to quantify the mRNA expression of a large number of genes in the spatial context of tissues and cells. As a paradigm shift in biological research, spatial transcriptomics can provide both spatial location information and transcriptome-level cellular gene expression data, elucidating the interactions between cells and the microenvironment. From the understanding of the entire functional life cycle of RNA to the characterization of molecular mechanisms to the mapping of gene expression in various tissue regions, by choosing the appropriate spatial transcriptome technology, researchers can achieve a deeper exploration of biological developmental processes, disease pathogenesis, etc. In recent years, the field of spatial transcriptomics has ushered in several challenges along with its rapid development, such as the dependence on sample types, the resolution of visualized genes, the difficulty of commercialization, and the ability to obtain detailed single-cell information. In this paper, we summarize and review the four major categories of spatial transcriptome technologies and compare and analyze the technical advantages and major challenges of multiple research strategies to assist current experimental design and research analysis. Finally, the importance of spatial transcriptomics in the integration of multi-omics nalysis and disease modeling as well as the future development prospects are summarized and outlined. © 2024, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University. All rights reserved.

关键词： multi-omics omics technology spatial position spatial transcriptomics

Microstructure and tensile properties of magnesium nanocomposites fabricated using magnesium chips and carbon black

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journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2020年第3期8卷 860-872页

作者： T.j.Lee W.j.Kim Department of Materials Science and Engineering Hongik UniversityMapo-guSangsu-dong 72-1Seoul 121-791Republic of Korea

In this study,carbon black(0,0.01,0.03 and 0.08 wt%)and AZ31(Mg-3Al-lZn)magnesium chips were used to fabricate carbon black-reinforced magnesium matrix composites with extrusion or a combination of extrusion and high-ratio differential speed *** hot pressing at 693 K and extrusion at 623 K with an extrusion ratio of 22,the magnesium chips coated with carbon black were soundly bonded into a bulk composite *** grain sizes of the extruded materials were similar with a size of 48.2-51.5|im despite the difference in the amount of carbon *** yield strength and ultimate tensile strength increased from 177 to 191 MPa and from 240 to 265 MPa,respectively,as a result of the addition of 0.01%carbon black;however,a further increase in the strength was marginal with additional carbon *** same trend was observed in the strain hardening *** tensile elongation increased by to the addition of 0.01%carbon black(from 15.8%to 17.4%)due to the increased work hardening effect,but decreased with additional carbon black due to its agglomeration and poor dispersion at higher *** high-ratio differential speed rolling(HRDSR)on the extruded materials and subsequent annealing,the AZ31 and AZ31 composites had a similar fine grain size of 16.3-17.9 *** annealed HRDSR composites showed the best mechanical properties at a higher content of carbon black(0.03%)compared to that(0.01%)for the extruded *** resulted from the enhanced dispersion effect of the carbon black due to the high shear flow induced during the HRDSR *** extruded composites exhibited the three distinct hardening stages(stage II,stage III and stage IV),while the annealed HRDSR composites mainly displayed the stage III *** addition of carbon black increased the strain hardening rate at all the strain hardening stages in both of the extruded and annealed HRDSR *** the initial hardening stage,the strain hardening rates of the extruded comp

关键词： Recycling Magnesium alloys chips Carbon black Nanocomposites Extrusion Differential speed rolling

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implementation of a Roughness Element to Trip Transition in Large-eddy Simulation

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journal of Thermal Science 2015年第1期24卷 30-36页

作者： j.Boudet j.-F.Monier F.Gao LMFA Ecole Centrale de Lyon Université de Lyon–UMR CNRS 5509 69134 Ecully Cedex France PhD.Candidate Université de Lyon–UMR CNRS 5509 69134 Ecully Cedex France

In aerodynamics, the laminar or turbulent regime of a boundary layer has a strong influence on friction or heat transfer. In practical applications, it is sometimes necessary to trip the transition to turbulent, and a common way is by use of a roughness element （e.g. a step） on the wall. The present paper is concerned with the numerical im- plementation of such a trip in large-eddy simulations. The study is carried out on a flat-plate boundary layer con- figuration, with Reynolds number Rex=l.3x 106. First, this work brings the opportunity to introduce a practical methodology to assess convergence in large-eddy simulations. Second, concerning the trip implementation, a volume source term is proposed and is shown to yield a smoother and faster transition than a grid step. Moreover, it is easier to implement and more adaptable. Finally, two subgrid-scale models are tested： the WALE model of Nic0ud and Ducros （Flow Turbul. Combust., vol. 62, 1999） and the shear-improved Smagorinsky model of Ldv^que et al. （j. Fluid Mech., vol. 570, 2007）. Both models allow transition, but the former appears to yield a faster transition and a better prediction of friction in the turbulent regime.

关键词： large-eddy simulation boundary layer roughness element transition tripping

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Endurance Test of Biodiesel Fueled Tractor Engine

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journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2011年第7期1卷 1025-1031页

作者： Y. j. Kim S. H. Park C. K. Kim D. H. im Y. jang S. S. Kim Department of Agricultural Engineering National Academy of Agricultural Science Rural Development Administration Suwon441- 707 Republic of Korea R＆D Engine Team Daedong Industrial Co. Chang Nyong-Kun Kyungnam 635-806 Republic of Korea

A diesel engine for tractor was tested for 250 hours of durability with biodiesel fuel of 100%. An engine test cycle was designed based on the ISO test code of off-road vehicle. Eight test conditions, combination of three engine speeds and eight engine loads, were applied to the engine endurance test, and the engine was operated for eight hours in a day. Power output, fuel consumption rate, exhaust gas quality and particulate matter （PM） were measured and discussed. For the extensive 250 hours of the tractor diesel engine endurance test no significant changes of power output, fuel consumption rate, exhaust gas quality and PM were monitored and authors could not find any difference in the engine patterns of the two fuels of BDF100 and light oil. During all the engine endurance test conditions, no abrupt stopping was encountered but because of temperature down by the cold season the endurance test could not carried out for some periods. PMs were collected and the average F＇M was 0.027 g/kw which was far below than Tier 4 diesel engine PM of 0.3 g/kw h defined by US EPA PM of the diesel engine clas,;. Overall even 100% biodiesel can be an alternative fuel for light oil for diesel engine operation with some considerations for cold sea：son use.

关键词： Endurance test biodiesel diesel engine power fuel consumption.

Hyundai公司新型Theta增压缸内直接喷射汽油机

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汽车与新动力 2012年第6期 20-23页

作者： han D im H han S-K Kim H-j 范明强

为了成为高燃油效率和低二氧化碳排放绿色动力战略的一份子,Hyundai公司已开发出一种2.0 L Theta涡轮增压缸内直接喷射汽油机,以取代大排量汽油机。通过采用各种不同先进技术组合的新设计方案及系统的不断优化,使Theta涡轮增压缸内直接... 详细信息

为了成为高燃油效率和低二氧化碳排放绿色动力战略的一份子,Hyundai公司已开发出一种2.0 L Theta涡轮增压缸内直接喷射汽油机,以取代大排量汽油机。通过采用各种不同先进技术组合的新设计方案及系统的不断优化,使Theta涡轮增压缸内直接喷射汽油机在明显改善燃油效率的同时,达到了与3.5 L自然吸气汽油机相同的功率。

关键词：涡轮增压缸内直接喷射汽油机发动机小型化提高燃油效率降低二氧化碳排放

Knowing your enemies： Integrating molecular and ecological methods to assess the impact of arthropod predators on crop pests

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Insect Science 2015年第1期22卷 6-19页

作者： Michael j. Furlong School of Biological Sciences The University of Queensland St Lucia Queensland 4072 Austrafia

The importance of natural enemies as the foundation of integrated pest management （IPM） is widely accepted, but few studies conduct the manipulative field experiments necessary to directly quantify their impact on pest populations in this context. This is particularly true for predators. Studying arthropod predator-prey interactions is inherently difficult： prey items are often completely consumed, individual predator-prey interactions are ephemeral （rendering their detection difficult） and the typically fluid or soft-bodied meals cannot be easily identified visually within predator guts. Serological techniques have long been used in arthropod predator gut-contents analysis, and current enzyme linked immunosorbent assays （ELISA） are highly specific and sensitive. Recently, poly- merase chain reaction （PCR） methods for gut-contents analysis have developed rapidly and they now dominate the diagnostic methods used for gut-contents analysis in field-based research. This work has identified trophic linkages within food webs, determined predator diet breadth and preference, demonstrated the importance of cannibalism and intraguild predation within and between certain taxa, and confirmed the benefits （predator persis- tence） and potential disadvantages （reduced feeding on pest species） of the availability of alternative nonpest prey. Despite considerable efforts to calibrate gut-contents assays, these methods remain qualitative. Available techniques for predator gut-contents analysis can provide rapid, accurate, cost-effective identification of predation events. As such, they perfectly compliment the ecological methods developed to directly assess predator im- pacts on prey populations but which are imperfect at identifying the key predators. These diagnostic methods for gut-contents analysis are underexploited in agricultural research and they are almost never applied in unison with the critical field experiments to measure predator impact. This paper stresses the need fo

关键词： conservation biological control enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) gut-contents analysis immunomarking integrated pest management (IPM) polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

Detection of Estrogen Responsive Breast Cancer Circulating Tumor Cells: Assay Development for Anti-Hormone Therapy Resistance

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journal of Cancer Therapy 2015年第9期6卷 773-782页

作者： Sally A. Litherland Louis Barr Robert Reynolds Elizabeth Griffith Ryan Sause Tiffany Encarnacion Alvin j. O. Almodovar Xiang Zhu Stephanie Dickstein Yai-Ping Shao Na’im Fanaian David A. Decker Translational Research Florida Hospital Cancer Institute Orlando FL USA Breast Cancer Oncology Florida Hospital Cancer Institute Orlando FL USA Diagnostic Pathology Florida Hospital Cancer Institute Orlando FL USA

Recent clinical trials with histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) have shown increased progression free survival by re-sensitizing resistant estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer cells to hormone suppressive therapies (HT). However, these trials lacked a sensitive, specific assay to identify and monitor HDACi/HT sensitive or resistant tumors. We tested detection of ER expression and histone acetylation of chromatin at the growth regulation by estrogen in breast cancer 1 (GREB1) gene, an estrogen-responsive gene involved in ER expression, in circulating tumor cell (CTC) as potential candidate assays for HDACi/HT sensitivity. ER+ and ER- CTC were detected and isolated from breast cancer patient peripheral blood by high speed fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) for use in mRNA analysis and anti-acetylated histone-mediated Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). cDNA from mRNA and DNA extracted from the ChIP isolates were quantified by real-time PCR for GREB1. CTC isolates from patients who had an ER+ breast cancer primary contained both ER+ and ER- cells. More ER+ than ER- CTC was found in HT sensitive patients compared to HT resistant patients (p = 0.0559). GREB1 was found in acetylated histone chromatin from both ER+ and ER- CTC. The number of ER+ and ER- CTC found in peripheral blood appears to parallel patient outcomes as to their sensitivity to HT. Acetylated histone analysis can detect chromatin containing GREB1 in CTC, suggesting it may be useful as a more specific measure of HDACi effects on breast tumor cells. A larger, longitudinal data set following patients through HT/HDACi trials is needed to confirm these observations and their development for clinical use.

关键词： Epigenetics Breast Cancer Estrogen Receptor Histone Acetylation Anti-Hormone Therapy

双能量CT容积定量分析在胸腺上皮肿瘤鉴别诊断中的初步经验

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国际医学放射学杂志 2017年第4期 483-484页

作者： S.Chang j.Hur D.j.im Y.j.Suh Y.j.Hong H.j.Lee 朱珍 Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science Severance HospitalYonsei University College of Medicine

摘要目的探讨双能量CT(DECT)在低危、高危胸腺瘤与胸腺癌中的鉴别诊断价值。材料与方法本研究经伦理委员会批准,病人提供知情同意书。前瞻性纳入37例(男20例,平均年龄55.6岁)胸腺上皮肿瘤病人。所有病人均行DECT检查。2位观察者测量肿...

摘要目的探讨双能量CT(DECT)在低危、高危胸腺瘤与胸腺癌中的鉴别诊断价值。材料与方法本研究经伦理委员会批准,病人提供知情同意书。前瞻性纳入37例(男20例,平均年龄55.6岁)胸腺上皮肿瘤病人。所有病人均行DECT检查。2位观察者测量肿瘤的以下参数用以定量分析:增强CT的HU值、碘相关的HU和碘浓度(mg/mL)。最终诊断由病理结果确认。结果 37例胸腺肿瘤中,23例(62.2%)为

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