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The benefits of being dominant:health correlates of male social rank and age in a marmot

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Current Zoology 2022年第1期68卷 19-26页

作者： Kenta UCHIDA Rachel NG Samuel A.VYDRO Jennifer e.smith Daniel T.BLUMSTeIN Department of ecology&evolutionary Biology University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095-1606USA Department of Biology Mills CollegeOaklandCA 94613USA The Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory Crested ButteCO 81224USA

The benefits of dominance may not come without costs,particularly for *** example,the“immunocompetence handicap hypothesis”states that males with enhanced mating success allocate resources to enhance reproductive output at a cost to their current health,whereas the“resource quality hypothesis”predicts that high-ranking males may benefit from increased reproduction and good *** the predictions from each have been well tested in captive animals and in a variety of highly social primates,fewer studies have been carried out in free-living,facultatively social *** adult male yellow-bellied marmots(Marmota flaviventer),we evaluated predictions of these hypotheses by examining the relationship between social rank and 2 health indicators—fecal glucocorticoid metabolite(FCM)levels,and neutrophil/lymphocyte(N/L)ratios—after accounting for variation explained by age,body mass,and *** found that higher-ranking males tended to have a lower N/L ratio(reflecting good health)than lower-ranking individuals,whereas FCM levels were not significantly related to *** addition,heavier male marmots had lower N/L ratios,whereas body mass was not associated with FCM *** also found that older adult males had lower FCM levels(reflecting less physiological stress)but higher N/L ratios than younger ***,we found that FCM levels decreased as the active season progressed and FCM levels were associated with the time of the ***,our results suggest that socially-dominant male marmots enjoyed better,not worse health in terms of lower N/L ratios.

关键词： immunocompetence handicap hypothesis life history trade-offs N/L ratio physiological stress resource quality hypothesis

AOI Lecture:Advances in the Management of Dry eyes

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AOI Lecture:Advances in the Management of Dry Eyes

Role of phase separation in nanocomposite indium-tin-oxide films for transparent thermoelectric applications

中华医学会第十二届全国眼科学术大会

作者： Ronald e.smith Doheny eye Institute USA

A review of the current approach to dry eye therapy,including the role of ocular surface inflammation, androgen supplements,and future therapies will be *** development of a bioengineered lacrimal

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Journal of Materiomics 2021年第3期7卷 612-620页

作者： Peter P.Murmu Akhil Shettigar Shen V.Chong Zihang Liu Dana Goodacre Vedran Jovic Takao Mori Kevin e.smith John Kennedy National Isotope Centre GNS SciencePO Box 30368Lower Hutt5010New Zealand The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology New Zealand Robinson Research Institute Victoria University of WellingtonPO Box 33436Lower Hutt5046New Zealand International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics(WPI-MANA) National Institute for Materials Science(NIMS)1-1 NamikiTsukubaIbaraki305-0044Japan School of Chemical Sciences University of AucklandAuckland1142New Zealand Department of Physics Boston University BostonMA02215USA

We report that oxygen vacancies have a profound impact on phase separation and thermoelectric properties of ITO films grown at room *** vacancies in non-stoichiometric In1.8Sn0.2O2.5 films aided the formation of In-rich metallic *** yields a high electrical conductivity s=1540 Scm1 and Seebeck coefficient|a|=27.2 mVK1,which resulted in the highest power factor(a2 s=113.8 mW m1 K2)but low optical transmission(Top-25%).An increase in oxygen partial pressure resulted in stochiometric In1.8Sn0.2O3 films which improved the optical transparency by 300%(Top-75.4%),but power factor was reduced by-85%due to a decrease in a and s.A decrease in a was due to the lack of energy filtering of charge carriers in the stoichiometric ITO film which did not have In-rich metallic *** results showed that the valence band energy shifts with a change in oxygen partial pressure due to a decrease in carrier density,which implied a change in Fermi energy due to the reverse Moss-Burstein *** results showed that phase separation can be obtained in nanocomposite ITO films by tuning their stoichiometry simply by varying the oxygen partial pressure during deposition of thermoelectric materials at low temperatures.

关键词： Thermoelectric Indium-tin-oxide(ITO) Seebeck coefficient Power factor X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)

INCReASING CReATIVITY AND INNOVATION IN eNGLISH LANGUAGe TeACHING IN CHINA

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Chinese Journal of Applied Linguistics 2000年第3期23卷 2-4页

作者： Larry e.smith Graham Crookes Frank Tang

Creativity and innovation in english language teaching(eLT)are frequently discussed and debated. Recently the Ministry of education(MOe)of China has urged the development of a system,which en- hances creative ability in students at all levels. Hawaii’s east-West Center in collaboration with the Ohana Foundation implemented an educational re- search activity designed to assess the current needs and best practices for english language teaching and learn- ing at the middle school level in *** project focused on increasing creativity and innovation in english language education and used case studies of successful english language teaching/learning as the unit of analysis. Researchers from both China and the United States were involved with the analysis and made rec- ommendations for implementing innovative approach- es to english language instruction and on how to in- crease creativity in teacher training,curriculum de- velopment,and the use of appropriate technology.

关键词： INCReASING CReATIVITY AND INNOVATION IN eNGLISH LANGUAGe TeACHING IN CHINA

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顺应式平台的非线性随机分析

船舶 1991年第3期2卷 13-17页

作者： e.smith 周昌年

本文推荐用一种新的迭代法来分析顺应式深水平台承受波浪作用时的非线性随机响应。在讨论中考虑了海浪谱的组成及缆索体系软化作用的影响,也研究了人对甲板运动的反应。

关键词：平台顺应式非线性随机分析

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高等动力学应用力学续册

高等动力学应用力学续册

A Frequency Determination Method for Digitized NMR Signals

1966年

作者： Charles e.smith 洪清森译

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Communications in Computational Physics 2014年第5期15卷 1343-1351页

作者： H.Yan K.Li R.Khatiwada e.smith W.M.Snow C.B.Fu P.-H.Chu H.Gao W.Zheng Indiana University BloomingtonIndiana 47408USA Center for exploration of energy and Matter Indiana UniversityBloomingtonIN 47408USA Department of Physics Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai200240China Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory and Department of Physics Duke UniversityDurhamNorth Carolina 27708USA.

We present a high precision frequency determination method for digitized NMR FID *** method employs high precision numerical integration rather than simple summation as in many other *** no independent knowledge of the other parameters of a NMR FID signal(phaseφ,amplitude A,and transverse relaxation time T_(2))this method can determine the signal frequency f_(0)with a precision of 1/(8π^(2)f_(0)^(2)T_(2)^(2))if the observation time T≫T_(2).The method is especially convenient when the detailed shape of the observed FT NMR spectrum is not well *** T2 is+∞and the signal becomes pure sinusoidal,the precision of the method is 3/(2π^(2)f_(0)^(2)T_(2))which is one order more precise than the±1 count error induced precision of a typical frequency *** of this method shows that the integration reduces the noise by bandwidth narrowing as in a lock-in amplifier,and no extra signal filters are *** a pure sinusoidal signal we find from numerical simulations that the noise-induced error in this method reaches the Cramer-Rao Lower Band(CRLB)on frequency *** the damped sinusoidal case of most interest,the noise-induced error is found to be within a factor of 2 of CRLB when the measurement time T is 2 or 3 times larger than *** discuss possible improvements for the precision of this method.

关键词： NMR FID numerical integration frequency determination noise reduction

Patulous eustachian tube (PeT), a practical overview

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2019年第3期5卷 137-142页

作者： Manohar Bance James R.Tysome Matthew e.smith Cambridge ear Institute Cambridge University Hospitals TrustCambridge UK University of Cambridge CambridgeUK

Symptoms of patulous eustachian tube(eT),particularly autophony,can overlap with other conditions,and can arise from a variety of *** review the pathophysiology of“speech hyper-resonance syndromes”,and possible mechanisms,including resonances in the tympanic membrane,eustachian tube and *** can be directed at the eardrum or the eT depending on site of *** review typical presentations,examination findings,and useful clinical tests to distinguish PeT from other disorders,and our philosophy of management.

关键词： Patulous eustachian tube Autophony Cartilage typmpanoplasty eustachian tube function testing Sonotubometry

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侧架对角弹性交叉支撑货车转向架

国外铁道车辆 1992年第5期29卷 30-33页

作者： Roy e.smith 李渝生

本文介绍了改善三大件货车转向架横向稳定性的侧架弹性交叉支撑装置。该装置使三大件转向架的菱形刚度提高,从而使临界速度和曲线通过性能大大提高。

关键词：铁路侧架货车转向架